Vachellia farnesiana (L.) Wight & Arn.

IUCN Red List of Threatened Species https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/18435792/18435800

Conservation

LC - least concern

Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co

Distribution

Nativa y cultivada en Colombia; Alt. 0 - 2130 m.; Andes, Llanura del Caribe, Pacífico, Valle del Cauca, Valle del Magdalena.

Morphology General Habit

Arbusto, arbolito

Conservation

No Evaluada

Distribution

Biogeografic region: Andean, Caribbean, Pacific. Elevation range: 0–2130 m a.s.l. Cultivated in Colombia. Native to Colombia. Colombian departments: Antioquia, Boyacá, Cauca, Cundinamarca, Huila, La Guajira, Nariño, Santander, Tolima, Valle del Cauca.

Habit

Shrub, Small tree.

Conservation

IUCN Red List Assessment (2021): LC.

Ecology

Habitat according IUCN Habitats Classification: forest and woodland, savanna, shrubland, native grassland, wetlands (inland), artificial - terrestrial.

Vernacular

Aromo, Coromo, Cují, Espino blanco, Jinnuttureo, Pelá, Pelá de castilla, Uña de cabra

Leguminosae, J. B. Gillett, R. M. Polhill & B. Verdcourt. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 1971

Morphology General Habit

Shrub 1.5–4 m. high.

Morphology Branches

Young branchlets glabrous or nearly so, purplish to grey; epidermis not obviously peeling off; glands (as on peduncles) few and inconspicuous.

Morphology Leaves Stipules

Stipules spinescent, usually short, up to 1.8(–3) cm. long, never inflated; other prickles absent.

Morphology Leaves

Leaves with a small gland on petiole and sometimes one on the rhachis near the top pair of pinnae; pinnae 2–7 pairs; leaflets 10–21 pairs, 2–7 mm. long, 0.75–1.75 mm. wide, very rarely larger, with both midrib and lateral nerves visible and somewhat raised beneath.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers

Flowers bright golden-yellow, sweetly scented, in axillary pedunculate heads; involucel at apex of peduncle.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Perianth

Calyx and corolla glabrous outside except for extreme tips of lobes.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits

Pods (Fig. 16/38, p. 67) indehiscent, straight or curved, subterete and turgid, dark brown to blackish, glabrous, finely longitudinally striate, 4–7.5 cm. long, 0.9–1.5(–2) cm. in diameter.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds

Seeds chestnut-brown, smooth, elliptic, thick, only slightly compressed, 7–8 mm. long, 5.5 mm. wide; areole 6.5–7 mm. long, 4 mm. wide.

Habitat

Uncertain, probably only planted or as an escape from cultivation

Distribution

probably native of tropical America, doubtfully so in Africa (not in our area) and Australiawidely introduced in the tropics and often becoming wild. Cultivated elsewhere in our area, e.g. in U4 and T3 U3

International Legume Database and Information Service

Conservation

Not Threatened

Ecology

Africa: Cultivated

Morphology General Habit

Perennial, Not climbing, Shrub/Tree

Vernacular

Acacia Jaune, Acacia Odorant, Aroma, Aroma Amarilla, Aromo, Ban Baburi, Bayahonda, Cambron, Carambomba, Cashia, Cassie, Cassie Flower, Cassie Jaune, Cassis Commun, Cassy, Cuji Aroma, Dead Finish, Dintringahy, Ellington Curse, Epinard, Espino Blanco, Espon

Mimosaceae, Hutchinson and Dalziel. Flora of West Tropical Africa 1:2. 1958

Morphology General Habit

A spiny shrub

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers

Very fragrant yellow flowers

Note

Introduced.

George R. Proctor (2012). Flora of the Cayman Isands (Second Edition). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew

Morphology General Habit

A small bushy tree or thicket-forming shrub, the branches glabrous or nearly so, with prominent lenticels, and armed with stipular spines; leaves with 1–3 pairs of pinnae, rarely more, 1–4 cm long; petiole puberulous and with a small gland; leaflets in 10–20 pairs, oblong-linear, 2–6 mm long, ca. 1 mm broad; stipular spines 4–30 mm long.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers

Flowers yellow, fragrant, in globose heads 7–15 mm in diameter; peduncles solitary or clustered, 2–4 cm long, puberulous

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx

Calyx 1–1.5 mm long; corolla 2–3 mm long

Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits

Pods dark brown and marked with fine longitudinal lines, glabrous, linear-oblong, curved, subcylindrical, 4–7 cm long, 1–1.5 cm thick, filled with sweet pulp.

Distribution

Grand Cayman, Cayman Brac.  Southern U.S.A., West Indies, and continental tropical America, often planted and naturalised, so that its true natural range is obscure; introduced in the Old World tropics and subtropics.

Ecology

Commonly occurs in thickets along the borders of pastures; the leaves and pods are much eaten by livestock.

Leguminosae, J.P.M. Brenan. Flora Zambesiaca 3:1. 1970

Morphology General Habit

Shrub 1.5-4 m. high; young branchlets glabrous or nearly so, purplish to grey; epidermis not obviously peeling off; glands (as on peduncles) few and inconspicuous.

Morphology Leaves Stipules

Stipules spinescent, usually short, up to 1.8(3) cm. long, never inflated; other prickles absent.

Morphology Leaves

Leaves with a small gland on the petiole and sometimes one on the rhachis near the top pair of pinnae; pinnae 2-7 pairs; leaflets 10-21 pairs, 2-7 x 0.75-1.75 mm., very rarely larger, with both midrib and lateral nerves visible and somewhat raised beneath.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers

Flowers bright golden-yellow, sweetly scented, in axillary pedunculate heads; involucel at the apex of the peduncle.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Calyx

Calyx and corolla glabrous outside except for extreme tips of lobes.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits

Pods indehiscent, 4-7.5 x 0.9-1.5(2) cm., straight or curved, subterete and turgid, dark-brown to blackish, glabrous, finely longitudinally striate.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds

Seeds chestnut-brown, 7-8 x 5.5 mm., smooth, elliptic, thick, only slightly compressed; areole 6.5-7 x 4 mm.

Use

Chemical products, Domestic, Environmental, Food and Drink, Forage, Medicine, Miscellaneous, Weed, Wood

Use

The wood is hard and close-grained, but used chiefly as fuel. The bark and pods are rich in tannin. The viscid juice of the pods can be used to mend china, while the gum exuding from the trunk is similar to gum arabic and is suitable for making mucilage. The flowers yield a delicious, high-priced perfume by petroleum ether extraction further purified by alcoholic extraction; commercial production at present is mostly confined to Lebanon.