Structure and taxonomic value of stomata in Eugenia (Myrtaceae)

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Eugenia uniflora, with common names Pitanga, Suriname cherry, Brazilian cherry, Cayenne cherry

The genus Eugenia (Myrtaceae) in southern Africa: the structure and taxonomic value of stomata

by Van Wijck A. E., Robbertse P. J., Kok P.D.F. (1982)

A. E. Van Wijk, P. J. Robbertse, P. D. F. Kok,

H. G. W. J. Schweirkerdt Herbarium, Department of Botany, University of Pretoria, South A frira

in Bot. J. Linn. Soc. London 84: 411-456 –DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8339.1982.tb00359.x – 

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1982.tb00359.x/abstract

Abstract

The mature stomatal morphology of 11 southern African species of Eugenia, and also of E. uniflora L. (naturalized) and E. incerta Diimmer (a garden plant of unknown origin) has been studied by light and scanning electron microscopy.

Leaves of all the species are hypostomatic and water-stomata are occasionally present. Two different stomatal types, X and Y, differing mainly in their cuticular ornamentation, were found in the southern African species. The grouping of species based on stomatal characters supports a previous grouping of species on the basis of periderm and seed characters.

Conspicuous lipid bodies, usually present in the subsidiary cells, are limited to the southern African species. Although the subsidiary cells do not differ in shape and size from adjacent epidermal cells, their contents often have a higher tannin content than ordinary epidermal cells. The variable patterns of arrangement of the three to five subsidiary cells makes it difficult to identify the stomata with existing classifications based on mature topography. Thus, a new term ‘anomostaurocytic’ is proposed for the stomatal type found in the southern African species.

Stomata of E. uniflora and E. incerta are paracytic and anomocytic respectively, and the cuticular ornamentation of their stomata differs from those of the southern African species.

The view that E. incerta is not closely related to the southern African species is supported by differences in its cuticular ornamentation, lack of lipid bodies in the subsidiary cells, anomocytic stomata and prominent T-pieces at the guard cell poles.

Figures 18-21. Light micrographs to show the morphology of stomatal type X. Fig. 18. Eugenia capenis (Van Wyk, 422@, abaxial epidermis stained with Sudan Black B, showing stained lipid bodies in subsidiary cells. Fig. 19. E. capensis (Van Wyk, 4226), unstained epidermis showing stomata with front cavities plugged with a resinous mass. Fig. 20. E. capensis (Van Wvk, 4226), transverse section of stoma stained with Sudan Black B and showing position of cuticular membrane. Fig. 21. E. cf. mossambicensis (Van der Schiff, 3751), safranin-stained cuticular preparation showing a single water-stoma.