Plant |
Leaf |
Flower |
Fruit |
|
Plant |
Leaf |
|
Flower |
Fruit |
Height: 15-80cm
Perennial, Rhizomatous
Hermaphrodite, Flowering July - September
(Earliest: 7.8)
| Protective Chemicals | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Monoterpenoids | Carvone, Limonene, Menthol, Menthone,
Piperitenone, Pulegone | ||||
| Flavonoids | Linarin | ||||
| Other Phenolics | Tannins | ||||
| Biotopes: |
Wet Meadows | |||
| Flower Visitors: |
Aglais urticae |
Anthophila fabriciana |
Several Syrphidae |
Neomyia cornicina |
Plagiognathus arbustorum | ||||
| Parasites: |
Septoria menthae | |||
| Possible Parasites: |
Amauromyza labiatarum | |||
| Herbivores: |
Pyrausta aurata Larva |
Acronicta rumicis Larva |
Several Chrysomelidae | |
| Possible Herbivores: |
Vanessa cardui |
Several Tortricidae |
Angerona prunaria Larva |
Pseudopanthera macularia |
Anania hortulata |
Udea ferrugalis Larva |
Polymixis flavicincta |
Pseudopostega crepusculella Larva | |
Pachyprotasis antennata Larva |
Tenthredo atra Larva | |||
| Possible Sapivores: |
Eupteryx aurata |
Eupteryx vittata |
Deraeocoris flavilinea |
Lygocoris pabulinus |
Macrosiphum euphorbiae |
Zicrona caerulea |
Thrips fuscipennis | ||
| Possible Florivores: |
Sagittogethes umbrosus Larva | |||
| Possible Granivores: |
Scolopostethus thomsoni |
Ecological Flora of the British Isles
Pictures © 2003, 2005 J.K. Lindsey
Back to Ecology of Commanster