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    Different species

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    420 views16 pages

    Different Species

    Uploaded by

    Archana Pawar
    Important notes

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 16

    Identification and Significance of

    morphology and microscopically


    Difference between Plants of
    allied species

    Mrs. Nilofar A. Khan


    Digitalis Prupurea Digitalis lanata
    Digitalis Purpurea Digitalis Lanata
    Microscopic
    Palisade Single layered Palisade Double layered
    Epidermal cells polygonal, wavy Epidermal cells beaded, wavy
    walled walled
    Covering trichome uniseriate, Covering trichome uniseriate,
    multicellular(3-5-7 celled) multicellular(2-10 celled)
    Distribution
    Biennial or perennial perennial
    Macroscopic
    Inflorescence: Long and Unilateral Inflorescence: Long and dense
    raceme raceme
    Flower: Purple Flower: White
    Leaves Leaves
    Brahmi Jalbrahmi
    Synonym: Bacopa Synonym: Gotu Kola,Madukparni,
    Centella
    Biological Source: Bacopa Biological Source: Centella
    Moniera asiatica
    Family Scrophulariaceae Family Umbelliferae
    Chemical Constituents: Chemical Constituents
    Brahmine, hespestine, Asiaticoside and madecassoside,
    Bacosides A &B bramhmoside, brahinoside
    Use: Nervine Tonic, Use: Nervine Tonic, Shows
    Treatment asthama, sedative, spasmolytic activity
    epilepsy
    Brahmi Jalbrahmi
    Macroscopic
    Leaf Leaf
    Shape: Obovate Shape: Orbicular
    Apex Acuminate Apex :----
    Base: Symmetric Base: Symmetric
    Margin : Straight Margin : Denate, Crenate
    Petioles: Sessile(no petioles) Petioles: Longer and bigger
    Flower: Solitary,Stalked, Flower: Pink sessile flower
    corolla bluish white
    Inflorescence: No Inflorescence: Umbel
    Microscopic
    Stomata: Anomocytic Stomata: Diacytic
    Trichome: very few ,sessile Trichome: not visible
    Cinnamon Cassia Cinnamon
    Synonym: Kalmi- Dalchini, Synonym: Dalchini, Chinese
    Ceyon Cinnamon cinnamon
    Biological Source: Biological Source: Cinnamomum
    Cinnamomum Zeylanicum cassia ,Family: Lauraceae
    Family : Lauraceae

    Chemical Constituents: Chemical Constituents: NLT


    Contains 60-70% cinnamic 85% cinnamic aldehyde and very
    aldehyde and 5-10%, small amount eugenol. also
    eugenol, also contain sweet contain cinnamyl acetate,
    substance know as mannitol, coumarin
    Benzaldehyde,
    cuminaldehyde, pinene etc
    Use:Carminative, Stimulant, Use: Carminative, Stimulant,
    flavouring agent and mild flavouring agent
    Cinnamon Cassia Cinnamon
    Macroscopic
    Colour: The outer surface is Colour:. Dirty brown
    dull yellow-brown, while the
    inner surface is dark
    yellowish brown.
    Odour: Fragrant Odour: Characteristic, sweet,
    aromatic
    Shape: Compound quill or Shape: Single quill or channelled
    single or double quill piece
    Taste: Aromatic and sweet Taste: Aromatic , slightly sweet
    followed by warm sensation and mucilagenous
    Fracture: Splintery Fracture: Slightly fibrous
    Microscopic
    Tinospora Chinese Tinospora
    Synonym: Guduchi , Gulvel, Synonym: Malabar gulbel,
    Amrita
    Biological Source: Biological Source: Tinospora
    Tinospora cordifolia sinesis Family :
    Family : Menispermaeceae Menispermaeceae

    Chemical Constituents: It Chemical Constituents: A


    consist of tinosporine, ditereperne glycosides
    tinosporic acid, tinosposinensides A-C(1-3) and
    tinosporidine, Cordifolioside a new rearranged cadinane
    A etc sesquiterpene glycoside
    tinosinenside and phenolic
    glycoside tinosinen was isolated
    from fresh stems
    Tinospora Chinese Tinospora
    Macroscopic
    Leaves: Leaves:
    Shape: Broadly ovate or Shape: Broadly ovate
    ovate cordate Apex: acuminate
    Apex: acuminate Base: cordate
    Base: deep cordate
    Inflorescence: Terminal Inflorescence: Racemes
    Racemes
    Fruits: aggregate, orange Fruits: cluster, orange- red when
    when ripped ripped
    Flower: greenish yellow Flower: greenish yellow.
    Male flower in cluster and Male and female flowers are
    female flower solitary seen separately in the same plant
    Stem: Stem:
    Tinospora Chinese Tinospora

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