Vegetation of Sierra Chiconquiaco, Ver

MAITE LASCURAIN-RANGEL1*, SERGIO AVENDAÑO-REYES2, MIGUEL CHÁZARO-
BASAÑEZ3, DANIEL GEISSERT-KIENTZ4, RAFAEL VILLEGAS-PATRACA5, CÉSAR

AUGUSTO GALLO-GÓMEZ5 Y CELSO GUTIÉRREZ-BÁEZ6
Botanical Sciences
95 (4): 610-659, 2017
Abstract
Background: Explored botanically from the 19th century, the Sierra de Chiconquiaco is recognized for its large
DOI: 10.17129/botsci.1111 vegetal and topographical heterogeneity. However, the available floristic information is sparse and its geographic
characteristics remain undefined. The objective of this study was therefore to integrate floristic, vegetal and
Received: geographic information in order to identify areas that have experienced floristic exploration as well as potential
December 1st, 2016 sites for conservation.
Accepted: Question: Under which criteria can the Sierra be geographically delimited? What kind of floristic and vegeta-
April 4th, 2017 tional studies have been carried out? How many species of plants have been registered? Which sites have been
Associate Editor more widely explored? Which of them have conservation and research potentials?
Juan Nuñez Farfán Study site and years of study: Sierra de Chiconquiaco, Veracruz, Mexico, 2010-2014.
Methods: A bibliographical and records review of the XAL and MEXU herbariums, works and field survey were
carried out. Through analysis of geomorphological attributes in a geographic information system, the boundar-
ies of the Sierra were established, revealing an area of 3,632 km2, featuring 22 municipalities and an altitudinal
range of 50 to 3,000 m a.s.l.
Results: Seven vegetation types were described, as well as a floristic list of 3,016 species, including 72 type
localities, 36 endemics, 57 registered in the NOM-059, 2010 and 195 in the CITES.
Copyright: © 2017 Lascurain-Ran- Conclusions: Nine potential areas for conservation of flora were detected, as well as six that were scarcely
gel et al. This is an open access ar- documented in the herbaria. This study provides a relevant contribution to the knowledge, use and conservation
ticle distributed under the terms of of the vegetal resources of Mexico.
the Creative Commons Attribution
License, which permits unrestricted Key words: floristic inventory, vegetational, botanic collections, geographic delineation, conservation zones.
use, distribution, and reproduction
in any medium, provided the original
author and source are credited. Florística, vegetación y características geográficas de la Sierra de Chiconquiaco,
Veracruz, México
1
Instituto de Ecología, A.C. Resumen
Red Ambiente y Sustentabili- Antecedentes: Explorada botánicamente desde el siglo XIX, la Sierra de Chiconquiaco destaca por su amplia
dad, Mexico. heterogeneidad vegetal y topográfica. Sin embargo, la información florística disponible era dispersa y sus carac-
2
Instituto de Ecología, A.C. terísticas geográficas indefinidas. Por este motivo, el objetivo de este estudio fue llevar a cabo una síntesis geo-
Herbario XAL, Mexico. gráfica, florística y de vegetación, con el fin de identificar áreas exploradas florísticamente y sitios con potencial
3
Facultad de Biología. para la conservación.
Universidad Veracruzana, Preguntas: ¿Bajo qué criterios se delimita geográficamente a la Sierra? ¿Qué estudios florísticos y de vegetación
Mexico. se han llevado cabo? ¿Cuántas especies de plantas se registran? ¿Cuáles sitios son más explorados?
Sitio de estudio y fechas: Sierra de Chiconquiaco, Veracruz, Mexico, 2010-2014.
4
Instituto de Ecología, A.C.
Métodos: Registros de los herbarios XAL y MEXU, trabajos de campo. Mediante el análisis de atributos
Red Ecología Funcional,
geomorfológicos en un sistema de información geográfica, se establecieron los límites de la Sierra, que abarca
Mexico. una extensión de 3,632 km2, 22 municipios y un intervalo altitudinal de 50 a 3,000 m s.n.m.
5
Instituto de Ecología, A.C. Resultados: Siete tipos de vegetación, una lista florística de 3,016 especies, que incluye 72 localidades tipo, 36
Unidad de Servicios Profe- endémicas, 57 registradas en la NOM-059, 2010 y 195 en CITES.
sionales Altamente Especiali- Conclusiones: Se detectaron nueve áreas potenciales para la conservación de la flora y seis escasamente docu-
zados, Mexico. mentadas en los herbarios. Este estudio contribuye al conocimiento, uso y conservación de los recursos vegetales
6
Universidad Autónoma de del país.
Campeche, Mexico. Palabras clave: inventario florístico, vegetación, colecciones botánicas, delimitación geográfica, zonas de con-
* Corresponding author: mai- servación.
te.lascurain@inecol.mx
610
MAITE LASCURAIN-RANGEL ET AL.
F
loristic inventories and studies of vegetation are necessary in order to evaluate the plant diver-
sity of a region, formulate actions of restoration, determine the risk category status of species
and provide data pertaining to land use, conservation, environmental impact and fragmentation
(Prance 1977, Bojórquez-Tapia et al. 1994, Norris et al. 2001, Villaseñor 2003, Jayakumar et
al. 2011).
The Sierra de Chiconquiaco, also known as the Sierra de Misantla or Sierra de Naolinco, is
a region in Mexico where the information generated by the botanic collections, floristic inven-
tories and vegetation studies since the 19th century, has never been effectively integrated. This
is despite the fact that, from a biogeographic perspective, it is a critical zone in terms of the
distribution of many tropical tree genera, particularly in the lowlands (Gómez-Pompa 1966).
There have been two important floristic and vegetation studies carried out in the Sierra. One
was presented by Gómez-Pompa (1966), who describes the area as a “region of 1,500 km2,
artificially circumscribed to the north by the Martínez de la Torre to Nautla road, parallel to the
Nautla river, to the east by the Gulf of Mexico, to the west by the Martínez de la Torre to Mis-
antla road and to the south by the Sierra de Chiconquiaco. This author describes the following
vegetation types and plant associations: deciduous forest, tropical sub-perennial high forest (in-
cluding forests of species of Lauraceae, Pseudolmedia glabrata (Liebm.) C.C. Berg. and Brosi-
mum alicastrum Sw. and riparian forest); oak forests (several types) and mangroves. Similarly,
the author conducted a taxonomic and ecological analysis of the trees and shrubs, including the
most important plant families of that area. The other important reference is by Gutiérrez-Baez
(1993), who studied the vegetation in nine municipalities (525 km2). His work indicates that this
region presents topographic heights featuring pine forests (2,100-2,500 m a.s.l.), intermediate
areas with deciduous forest (1,100-2,100 m a.s.l.) and lowlands with tropical high sub-ever-
green forest (400-1,100 m a.s.l.).
The Sierra de Chiconquiaco is considered a refuge for a wide diversity of plant species, be-
longing to different communities, including many useful plants (Gómez-Pompa 1966, Gutiér-
rez-Báez 1994, Zamora-Crescencio & Avendaño-Reyes 1998, Ambrosio-Montoya & Avenda-
ño-Reyes 1999, Lascurain-Rangel et al. 2013, López-Acosta et al. 2014). However, according
to the data of land use and vegetation of the Serie V (INEGI 2013), pastures occupy increasingly
large areas providing clear evidence of land use changes that put conservation of the forest eco-
systems at risk (Ellis & Martínez-Bello 2010).
Despite the fact that the Sierra de Chiconquiaco has been mentioned in different studies
Author Contributions (López-Infanzón 1991, Gutiérrez-Báez 1993, Ferrari et al. 2005), no clear geographic delinea-
Maite Lascurain Rangel analy- tion is available, which complicates the location and analysis of the distribution of floristic and
zed and compiled the data,
vegetal resources present in the area. The first official reference is presented by the Carta Estatal
wrote and reviewed drafts of
the paper, floristic inventory. de Regionalización Fisiográfica (INEGI 1988), in which the Subprovince 14 Chiconquiaco is
Sergio Avendaño Reyes floris- identified and mapped at a scale of 1:1,000,000 as a division of the Province X-Volcanic belt.
tic inventory, name update, This subprovince features different landform systems, such as mountains, low hills, plateaus and
written and reviewed drafts valleys as the most important. However, its geographic boundary extends towards the south and
of the paper, analyzed and thus includes the low part and the piedmont of the Cofre de Perote-Pico de Orizaba mountain
compiled the data. range, from Xalapa-Actopan to Huatusco, which do not belong to the Sierra de Chiconquiaco.
Miguel Cházaro Basañez com- The general objective of this study was therefore to summarize geographic and floristic in-
pendium of floristic studies formation from the vegetation and botanic collections from the Sierra de Chiconquiaco. The
and vegetation, floristic inven-
specific objectives were: a) to propose its geographical delineation based on landform criteria;
tory, geographical delimita-
tion, history of explorations. b) to integrate the floristic and vegetation studies that have been conducted to date; c) to produce
Daniel Geissert Kientz geogra- a list of plant species from the records of herbarium databases, including those of type locality,
phical delimitation, reviewed endemics and those registered in the NOM-059 SEMARNAT 2010, d) to identify priority sites
drafts of the paper. with little history of botanic exploration and e) to propose potential sites for conservation and
Rafael Villegas Patraca and research.
César Augusto Gallo Gó-
mez geographic information Materials and methods
systems.
Celso Gutiérrez Báez compen-
Study area. The Sierra de Chiconquiaco is a montane massif that traverses the coastal plain of
dium of floristic studies and
vegetation, floristic inventory. the Gulf of Mexico from west to east, at latitude 19º N. The name Chiconquiaco comes from
the Náhuatl Chikon-kiaho-ko meaning “in the seven rains”, the name given by the indigenous
611
95 (4): 610-659, 2017
SIERRA CHICONQUIACO: FLORISTIC, VEGETATIONAL AND GEOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS
Totonac people in honor of the god of the storms. It is also the name of a municipality and
settlement, located in the central part of the montane massif. From a biogeographic perspective,
its vegetation belongs to the Holarctic realm, to the Mesoamerican Montane region and to the
Sierras Meridionales floristic province. The coastal area corresponds to the Neotropical realm,
to the Caribbean floristic region and to the province of the Gulf of Mexico coast (Rzedowski
1978), which extends in a continuous strip along the coast of the states of Veracruz and Tabasco,
as well as some adjacent low portions of Tamaulipas, San Luis Potosí, Hidalgo, Puebla, Oaxaca,
Chiapas and Campeche (Morrone 2005).
Delineation and zonation. Delineation of the Sierra de Chiconquiaco is based on morpho-struc-

tural features derived from the state physiographic regionalization (INEGI 1988) and from the
geomorphological regionalization of Veracruz (Geissert 1999). In general, it was established
delimited to the north by the fluvial plain of the Nautla river, to the northeast, east and southeast
by the coastal plain of the Gulf of Mexico, to the south by the tectonic depression of Actopan
and to the west by the canyon of the Bobos river. The precise boundary was traced manually
on a shaded relief model produced from the DEM “Continuo de Elevaciones Mexicano 3.0” of
INEGI (2015). Hydrological characterization was conducted with the information of the Con-
junto de Datos Vectorial Hidrológico of INEGI (1999), climatic characterization with the Con-
junto de Datos Vectorial Climático of INEGI (2000) and soil characterization with the Conjunto
de Datos Vectorial Edafológico of INEGI (2007).
Geomorpho-geological zonation of the Sierra of Chiconquiaco was also conducted from the
Continuo de Elevaciones Mexicano 3.0, using ArcGis Desktop 10.2. This continuum of eleva-
tions is constantly updated and, unlike other elevation models (SRTM-NASA, ASTER GDEM-
METI), its spatial resolution of 15 meters per pixel provides greater detail. The landforms were
obtained following Priego et al. (2003), based on the vertical dissection of the relief. The values
were re-categorized into three landform types: steep mountainous (> 400 m/km2), gentle moun-
tainous (100-400 m/km2) and hills and minor elevations (40-100 m/km2). The map of slopes
was derived from the same continuum of elevations and featured four slope classes: low (< 5º),
moderate (5-20º), steep to very steep (20-45º) and abrupt (> 45º). The geological information
came from the Conjunto de Datos Vectorial Geológico by INEGI (1986). To create the partial
maps that led to the final results, the following ArcGis tools were used: Create Fishnet, Dis-
solve, Interpolate to raster, Clip, Intersect, Eliminate, Smooth polygon and Slope. For the defini-
tive geomorpho-geological zonation, the minimum mapping unit criterion was applied, which
consists of only representing polygons greater than 500 ha. The cartography and inputs were
processed in Projection UTM Zone 14 Q.
Floristic and vegetation studies. The type localities, presence of 19th century collectors, floristic
and vegetation studies, endemics and species registered in the NOM-059 SEMARNAT (2010)
were identified with bibliographic support. Databases of the herbarium XAL and MEXU were
chosen to generate a floristic list of species within an altitudinal range of 50 to 3,000 m a.s.l.,
since they contain information from many collections in the study zone. A raster map of density
of points or sites was obtained from the geographic coordinates of the collections, as well as
areas that presented the least historical collection effort.
Results and discussion
Geographic characteristics. The polygon of the Sierra of Chiconquiaco presents in its central
part a variable length of 70-75 km (east-west) and a width of 50-55 km (north-south) covering
an area of 3,632 km2. The maximum altitude is close to 3,000 m a.s.l. in the central portion,
while the minimum is between 35 and 50 m a.s.l. adjacent to the peripheral coastal plain. The
municipalities of Acatlán, Chiconquiaco, Coacoatzintla, Colipa, Juchique de Ferrer, Landero
y Coss, Miahuatlán, Misantla, Naolinco, Tatatila, Tenochtitlan, Tepetlán, Tlacolulan, Tonayán
and Yecuatla, as well as part of the municipalities of Actopan, Alto Lucero, Altotonga, Atzalan,
Nautla, Martínez de la Torre and Vega de Alatorre (Figure 1).
Topography of the central-western sector (11 % of the area) comprises steep slopes of 20 to ≥
612
95 (4): 610-659, 2017
Figure 1. Map of the Sierra

de Chiconquiaco and munici-
palities.
45º with relative heights of over 600 m (Figure 2). This is the result of destruction by Pliocene-
Quaternary fluvial erosion of upper Tertiary age andesitic and basaltic lava flows and pyroclastic
flows (breccia). As a result, deep ravines were excavated in the northern mountainside, while
the Quaternary lava flows on the southern side protected the topography from fluvial dissection
(Geissert-Kientz 1999).
Figure 2. Slope gradient in

the Sierra of Chiconquiaco.
1) Low < 5 °; 2) Moderate
5-20°; 3) Steep 20-45°; 4)
Abrupt > 45°.
613
95 (4): 610-659, 2017
Figure 3. Landforms and

geology of the slopes, sedi-
mentary rocks, limestone;
2 Steep slopes, igneous ex-
trusive rocks; 3 Moderate
slopes, sedimentary rocks,
sandstone; 4 Moderate slopes,
sedimentary rocks, limestone;
5 Moderate slopes, igneous
extrusive rocks; 6 Hills and
minor elevations, sedimentary
rocks, limestone; 7 Hills and
minor elevations, sedimen-
tary rocks, limestone- alluvial
plain; 8 Hills and minor eleva-
tions, sedimentary rocks, con-
glomerate; 9 Hills and minor
elevations, igneous extrusive
rocks and 10 Hills and minor
elevations, igneous extrusive
rocks- alluvial plain.
Landforms of moderate (5-20°) and steep slopes (20-45°) occupy most of the Sierra of Chi-
conquiaco (76 % of the area), overwhelming sedimentary rocks (limestone and sandstone) on
the northern mountainside and igneous extrusive rocks on the southern side. The rest of the area
is covered by hills and minor elevations, with slopes of less than 20º, over different geological
substrates, mainly on the northern side (Figure 3).
The first stage of structural deformation began with the tectonic uplift of the Paleozoic geo-
logical basement along a dominant east-west direction (López-Infanzón 1991). This basement
was subsequently covered by marine formations that produced the Jurassic and Cretaceous
limestone and limestone-lutite, forming the geological structure of the Sierra Madre Oriental.
Finally, the products of Cenozoic igneous activity covered the previous formations and, in its
central part, a basaltic plateau formed between the Miocene and lower Pliocene (Ferrari et al.
2005). Quaternary lava flows, associated with volcanic monogenetic cones, occurred in the vi-
cinity of Naolinco to the southwest, Chiconquiaco in the center and between Plan de las Hayas
and Candelaria to the east, in the direction of Palma Sola.
The summits of the central part of this area constitute the divide of the “Nautla river and
others” watershed that belongs to Hydrologic Region 27 (Tuxpan-Nautla) towards the north,
and the “Río Jamapa and others” watershed of the Hydrologic Region 28 (Papaloapan) towards
the south. Within the Sierra de Chiconquiaco, all of the main rivers (Bobos, Misantla, Colipa,
Sedeño, Naolinco) and their tributaries are montane in character and flow quickly through ra-
vines of variable depths.
According to Köppen’s system modified by García (1988), the following climatic groups are
distinguished from north to south: warm humid with abundant summer rains (type Am(f)) in
the northern and northeastern sectors, at elevations below 250 m a.s.l.; warm humid with rains
throughout the year (type Af(m)) in a northern strip between 250 and 400 m a.s.l.; semi-warm
with rains throughout the year (type (A)C(fm)) up to around 1000 m a.s.l. in the southwest sec-
tor and up to 1,800 m a.s.l. in the central and central-eastern sectors. Above these altitudes, the
climate changes to temperate humid with rains throughout the year (type C(fm)) or temperate hu-
mid with summer rains (C(m)). Descending the southeast sector, the climate becomes semi-warm
with abundant summer rains (type (A)C(m)) and, finally, warm subhumid with summer rains
(type Aw1(w)) at altitudes below approximately 400 m a.s.l. towards Actopan and Mozomboa.
614
95 (4): 610-659, 2017
The representative soil types are: a) on the northern mountainside, Luvisols on landforms
below approximately 1,000 m a.s.l., over both sedimentary and igneous materials; Andosols on
slopes above 1,000 m a.s.l. (central and western sectors, between Chiconquiaco and Altotonga),
exclusively over volcanic ash deposits; Phaeozems on the upper valley fluvial plains and Verti-
sols on the lower fluvial and coastal plains (from Martínez de la Torre to Vega de Alatorre); b)
on the southern mountainside, Andosols extend in the central-western (Altotonga-Las Vigas)
and central-southern (Naolinco-Alto Lucero) sectors; Phaeozems in the eastern sector (Plan de
las Hayas/Alto Lucero towards the coast) and Vertisols at the bottom of the valleys and on the
narrow coastal plains to the south of Emilio Carranza.
Collectors, floristic and vegetation studies. Collections began in 1829 with the German bota-
nists Christian Julius Wilhelm Schiede and Ferdinand Deppe. Franz Leonhard von Schlechten-
dal and Adelbert von Chamisso subsequently described various species. Schiede and Deppe
visited this region in order to search for roots of the Xalapa Jalapa (Ipomoea purga Wender.,
and wild vanilla (Vanilla spp.). They travelled from Xalapa to El Espinal, Almolonga and Paso
del Toro (Malpaís de Naolinco), Naolinco, via Cuesta Grande de Chiconquiaco to Acatlán and
to Misantla by Cumbre del Obispo and Papantla. They returned to Xalapa via Hueytamalco,
Puebla and Cuesta Grande de Jalacingo and Valle de Perote.
From 1841 to 1843, the Danish botanist Michael Frederick Liebmann conducted intensive
collections in Mexico, most of which took place in Veracruz, Puebla and Oaxaca, and produced
8,000 records (Rzedowski et al. 2009). The main interest of this author was ferns and he pub-
lished a book in 1849 about this group of plants in Mexico. Liebmann left Veracruz in 1841
accompanied by the Russian botanist Wilhelm Friedrich von Karwinski (1780-1855) and both
travelled to Papantla, Colipa, Yecuatla, Misantla, Tlapacoyan and Teziutlán. Karwinski sepa-
rated from Liebmann at El Pital (close to San Rafael) and travelled to Papantla.
In 1905, the German botanist Karl Albert Purpus (1851-1941) established himself in the Ha-
cienda de El Mirador, in the municipality of Totutla (Veracruz state), and travelled from there to
different regions of the country to collect plant specimens. On various occasions, he crossed the
entire Sierra de Chiconquiaco from Naolinco (Sousa 1969).
Gómez-Pompa (1966) mentioned Ludwig Hahn, George Lewis Fisher and Carl August Eh-
renberg, who collected specimens in this Sierra, without recording the exact dates. Between
1950 and 1970, Isabel Kelly and Ladislao Paray also collected specimens. In 1962, the Insti-
tuto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales (INIF), through the Comisión de Estudios Sobre la
Ecología de las Dioscóreas, sampled the vegetation of certain areas of the Sierra. Manuel Mar-
tínez collected a notable 700 specimens, from 1960 to 1965, and Gómez-Pompa obtained more
than 2,000 records, almost always accompanied by Ramón Riba (Gómez-Pompa 1966). From
1970 up to the early 1990s, Francisco Ventura Aburto collected around 1900 specimens for the
herbarium of the Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas. The work of Celso Gutiérrez be-
tween 1980 and 1988 is both for the number of specimens collected and the broad range of sites
visited, and comprises more than 1,200 records. Roberto Acosta Pérez collected more than 700
specimens in the Sierra Manuel Díaz, located to the southeast of the Sierra de Chiconquiaco,
close to the lagoon of La Mancha (Acosta 1986). Miguel Cházaro and his students Luis Robles,
Pedro Padilla, Juan Márquez, Apolonia Hernández and Patricia Hernández, collected specimens
intermittently from 1981 to the present in locations such as the volcano of Acatlán, Planta del
Pié, Barranca de Rincón Grande, Monte de Oro, Cerro de La Magdalena and Las Magdalenitas,
Malpaís de Almolonga-Tepetlán, Monte Real, Moxillon, among others, collecting around 500
records. Collectors with more than 100 records in different sites of this Sierra include: Antonio
Lot Helgueras, Armando Rincón Gallardo, Carlos Vázquez Yanes, Fructuoso Vázquez Blanco,
Mario Vázquez Torres, Gonzalo Castillo Campos, Juan Alba Landa, Javier Chabelas Polito,
Jesús Dorantes López, Juan Ismael Calzada, Lorin I. Nevling, Mirna Ambrosio Montoya, Mi-
chael Nee, Ma. Teresa Mejía-Saulés and Roberto Ortega Ortiz.
A further result of the different explorations conducted in the Sierra of Chiconquiaco is that
72 species have been recorded with the type locality, 35 of which were early described by D.F.
von Schlechtendal and/or F. von Chamisso (Table 1). In recent decades, the studies undertaken
became more diverse and featured different approaches. Acosta (1986) produced an inventory
615
95 (4): 610-659, 2017
Table 1. Species with the locality type of the Sierra de Chiconquiaco. Described by D.F von Schlechtendal
and/or F. von Chamisso and other authors. DF (Deciduous Forest); THSEF (Tropical High Sub-Evergreen For-
est); OF (Oak Forest); TMEF (Tropical Medium Evergreen Forest); TLDF (Tropical Low Deciduous Forest).
Species/Publication year Family Vegetation
Aspidosperma megalocarpon Müll. Arg. 1859-1861 Apocynaceae THSEF
Bactris mexicana Mart.1844 Arecaceae THSEF
Bartlettina sordida (Less.) R.M. King & H. Rob. 1971 1831 Asteraceae DF
Begonia multistaminea Burt-Utley 1983 Begoniaceae DF
B. nelumbonifolia Schldl. & Cham. 1830 Begoniaceae DF
Centradenia grandifolia (Schltdl.) Endl. 1843 Melastomataceae DF
C. inaequilateralis G. Don. 1832 Melastomataceae DF
Centropogon grandidentatus (Schltdl.) Zahlbr. 1891 Campanulaceae DF
Ceratozamia morettii Vázq. Torres & Vovides 1998 Zamiaceae DF
Cestrum endlicheri Miers 1846 Solanaceae DF
C. fasciculatum Miers 1846 Solanaceae DF
Chusquea enigmatica Ruiz-Sánchez, Mejía-Saulés & L. G. Clark. 2014 Poaceae DF
Clidemia petiolaris Triana. 1872 1830 Melastomataceae THSEF
Columnea schiedeana Schldl. 1833 Gesneriaceae THSEF
Croton schiedeanus Schltdl. 1846 Euphorbiaceae THSEF
Cuphea calaminthifolia Schltdl. 1838 Lythraceae DF
C. salicifolia Cham. & Schltdl 1830 Lythraceae DF
Deppea purpusii Standl. 1921 Rubiaceae DF
Desmodium plicatum Cham. & Schltdl. 1830 Fabaceae DF
D. psilophyllum Schltdl. 1838 Fabaceae OF
Desmopsis galeottiana Saff., 1916 Annonaceae TMEF
Didymaea alsinoides (Schltdl. & Cham.) Standl. 1938 1831 Rubiaceae DF
Diospyros riojae Gómez-Pompa. 1964 Ebenaceae OF
Epidendrum tuxtlense Hágsater, García-Cruz & L. Sánchez.1999 Orchidaceae DF
Equisetum myriochaetum Schldl. & Cham. 1830 Equisetaceae THSEF
Eugenia mozomboensis P.E. Sánchez. 1986 Myrtaceae TLDF
Eupatorium araliifolium Less. 1831 Asteraceae THSEF
Euphorbia lancifolia Schldl. 1832 Euphorbiaceae THSEF
Ficus lapathifolia Miq. 1867 Moraceae THSEF
Goeppertia misantlensis (Lascur.) Borchs. & S. Suárez. 1996 2012 Marantaceae DF
Gunnera mexicana Brandegee. 1922 Gunneraceae DF
Heterocentron elegans Kuntze, 1891 Melastomataceae DF
Hydrangea nebulicola Nevling & Gómez Pompa. 1968 Hydrangeaceae DF
Ipomoea purga Wender. 1833 Convolvulaceae DF
Leandra cornoides Cogn. 1886 Melastomataceae OF
Lepidonia mexicana (Less.) H. Rob. & V.A. Funk. 1987 1831 Asteraceae DF
Leucaena pulverulenta Benth. 1842 Mimosaceae TLDF
Licaria misantlae (Brandegee) Kosterm. 1937 Lauraceae THSEF
Lysiloma auritum (Schltdl.) Benth. 1844 Fabaceae THSEF, OF
Magnolia schiedeana Schlecht. 1864 Magnoliaceae DF, OF
Mahonia russellii N.P. Taylor. 1989 Berberidaceae DF
Monstera florescanoana Croat, T. Krömer & Acebey. 2010 Araceae DF
Nama linearis D.L. Nash. 1979 Boraginaceae OF
Nelsonianthus tapianus (B.L. Turner) C. Jeffrey. 1992 1989 Asteraceae DF
Odontonema callistachyum Kuntze. 1891 Acanthaceae THSEF
Oecopetalum mexicanum Greenm. & C.H. Thomps. 1914 Icacinaceae THSEF
Persea schiedeana Nees. 1836 Lauraceae THSEF
Perymenium gymnolomoides (Less.) DC. 1836 Asteraceae TMEF, OF
Piper misantlense C. DC. 1869 Piperaceae THSEF
P. schiedeanum Steud. 1841 Piperaceae TLDF
Pleopeltis fallax (Schltdl. & Cham.) Mickel & Beitel. 1830 1987 Polypodiaceae THSEF
Protium copal (Schltdl. & Cham.) Engl. 1883 Burseraceae THSEF
Prunus tetradenia Koehne 1915 Rosaceae THSEF, DF
Pteris pulchra Schltdl. & Cham. 1830 Pteridaceae THSEF
Quetzalia schiedeana (Loes.) Lundell. 1970 1900 Celastraceae DF
616
95 (4): 610-659, 2017
Table 1. Continuation.
Species/Publication year Family Vegetation

Rhynchoglossum azureum (Schltdl.) B.L. Burtt 1962 1833 Gesneriaceae DF
Rhynchosia erythrinoides Schltdl. & Cham. 1830 Fabaceae THSEF
Ruellia jussieuoides Schltdl. 1831 Acanthaceae THSEF
Salvia chazaroana B.L.Turner. 2009 Lamiaceae DF
Saurauia leucocarpa Schltdl. 1836 Actinidiaceae DF
Sinclairia andromachioides (Less.) Sch. Bip. ex Hemsl. Rydb. 1879-1888 Asteraceae THSEF
Stenostephanus haematodes (Schltdl.) T.F. Daniel. 1999 1832 Acanthaceae DF
Tibouchina purpusii Brandegee. 1913 Melastomataceae DF
T. schiedeana Cogn. 1891 Melastomataceae THSEF
Tilia mexicana Schltdl. 1837 Malvaceae DF
Vaccinium leucanthum Schltdl. 1834 1833 Ericaceae DF
Vernonia arctioides Less. 1831 Asteraceae DF
Wimmeria concolor Schltdl. & Cham. 1831 Celastraceae TMEF, DF
Xylopia trunciflora Cham. & Schltdl. 1831 Annonaceae THSEF
Zamia inermis Vovides, J.D. Rees & Vázq. Torres. 1983 Zamiaceae TLDF
Zanthoxylum elegantissimum P. Wilson. 1910 Rutaceae DF
Zygia cognata (Schltdl.) Britton & Rose. 1928 1838 Fabaceae THSEF
of the flora of the Sierra Manuel Díaz; Ortega-Ortiz (1981) observed the edge effect on tree den-
sities in fragments of tropical montane cloud forest in Coacoatzintla; Pavón-Hernández (1992)
studied the spatial distribution of Tilia mexicana Schltdl. in Naolinco; Bravo-Navarro (1993)
conducted an ethnobotanical study in the municipality of Naolinco; Álvarez-Aquino (1997)
carried out a population study of Fagus grandifolia subsp. mexicana (Martínez) A.E. Murray in
Acatlán; Zamora-Crescencio & Avendaño-Reyes (1998) studied the vegetation of the munici-
pality of Yecuatla; Ambrosio-Montoya & Avendaño-Reyes (1999) recorded the useful plants of
the municipality of Misantla; Williams-Linera et al. (1996) studied the tropical montane cloud
forest across an altitudinal gradient in central Veracruz; Godínez-Ibarra & López-Mata (2002)
recorded the northern limit of distribution of the tropical medium sub-evergreen forest in Santa
Gertrudis, in the municipality of Vega de Alatorre; Torres-Cantú (2009) produced an inventory
of bromeliads, and Cortés-Flores (2009) of orchids, in the watersheds of the Nautla, Misantla
and Colipa rivers; Casildo (2004) produced a floristic inventory in the region Cerro de los Muer-
tos, in the municipality of Altotonga; Gómez-Ortega (2010) contributed to the knowledge of the
vegetation and flora of the municipality of Acatlán. Ethnobotanic and management systems of
Oecopetalum mexicanum Greenm. & C.H. Thomps., were studied by Lascurain-Rangel et al.
(2013) and López-Acosta et al. (2014). Finally, Carbajal-Hernández et al. (2014) recorded 81
species of ferns in the region.
Vegetation types of the Sierra de Chiconquiaco. Based on the studies of Gómez-Pompa (1966)
and Gutiérrez-Báez (1993), and with the aim of standardizing the terminology, the vegetation
classification by Miranda & Hernández X. (1963) was applied. Seven vegetation types were
thereby identified (Table 2):
Bosque de pino-encino (Oak-Pine forest).- This type of forest is found on the northern moun-
tainside from 2,100 to 3,000 m a.s.l., comprising communities of Pinus pseudostrobus Lindl.,
Cupressus lusitanica Mill., Fagus grandifolia subsp. mexicana and Hamamelis virginiana L.
(Gutiérrez-Báez 1993). According to observations made by the present authors on the moun-
tains of La Magdalena and Las Magdalenitas (municipalities of Tlacolulan and Tonayan) on
the southern mountainside between 2,400 and 2,900 m a.s.l., the Oak-Pine forest is dominated
by Pinus patula Schiede & Deppe ex Schltdl., associated with Quercus glabrescens Benth., Q.
crassifolia Bonpl. and Q. rugosa Née. This vegetation type is located on steep and moderate
slopes over extrusive igneous rock.
Bosque caducifolio (Deciduous forest).- This vegetation type covers the majority of the area
(Table 2) and is located between 1,100 and 2,100 m a.s.l., from the middle to the summits of
617
95 (4): 610-659, 2017
Table 2. Vegetation types, area and cover percentage on the Sierra de Chiconquiaco. (Source: INEGI 2013.
Set of vectorial data of land use and vegetation, scale 1:250,000, Series V. Instituto Nacional de Estadística,
Geografía e Informática. México).
Vegetation type km2 Percentage
of total
Oak – pine forest 22.29 0.61

Deciduous forest 210.62 5.80
Sub-evergreen tropical forest; medium sub-evergreen 73.92 2.04
tropical forest
Tropical low deciduous forest 71.13 1.96
Riparian vegetation 14.68 0.40
Oak forest 7.86 0.22
Secondary vegetation 534.71 14.72
Other vegetation types 3.70 0.10
Pasture 1,829.09 50.37
Agriculture 849.53 23.39
Bodies of water 5.75 0.16
Urban areas 8.49 0.23
both the northern and southern sides (Gutiérrez-Báez 1993). The dominant arboreal species are:
Alchornea latifolia Sw., Alnus acuminata subsp. arguta (Schltdl.) Furlow, Bejaria aestuans
Loefl, Capparidastrum quiriguense (Standl.) Cornejo & Iltis, Clethra mexicana DC., Cupres-
sus lusitanica Mill., Diospyros riojae Gómez-Pompa, Drypetes lateriflora (Sw.) Krug & Urb.,
Fagus grandifolia subsp. mexicana, Guarea glabra Vahl, Hamamelis virginiana, Juglans pyri-
formis Muhl., Liquidambar styraciflua L., Matudaea trinervia Lundell, Osmanthus americanus
(L.) Benth. Hook. f. ex A. Gray, Podocarpus matudae Lundell, Quercus affinis M. Martens &
Galeotti, Q. castanea Née, Q. ghiesbreghtii M. Martens & Galeotti, Q. lancifolia Schltdl. &
Cham., Q. laurina Bonpl., Q. germana Schltdl. & Cham., Q. polymorpha Schltdl. & Cham.,
Q. rugosa Née, Q. salicifolia Née, Q. sartorii Liebm., Q. xalapensis Bonpl., Symplocos coc-
cinea Humb. & Bonpl., S. limoncillo Bonpl. and Taxus globosa Schltdl. (Gómez-Pompa 1966,
Gutiérrez-Báez
-Báez 1993, Zamora-Crescencio & Avendaño-Reyes 1998). In one of the highest sites
(2,250 m a.s.l.), known locally as Planta del Pié (municipality of Chiconquiaco), Williams-
Linera et al. (1996) identified the most notable arboreal species as: Ageratina ligustrina (DC.)
R.M. King & H. Rob., Alnus acuminata subsp. arguta, Clethra mexicana, Cleyera theaeoides
(Sw.) Chosy, Drimys winteri J.R. Forst. & G. Forst., Ilex discolor var. tolucana (Hemsl.) Edwin
ex T.R.Dudley, Osmanthus americanus, Ocotea helicterifolia (Meisn.) Hemsl., Quercus salici-
folia, Saurauia leucocarpa Schltdl., Ternstroemia sylvatica Cham. & Schltdl., Viburnum rhom-
bifolium Hemsl., and Weinmannia pinnata L. Other species described as new are also found:
Ardisia liebmannii Oerst., Bactris mexicana Mart., Begonia multinervia Liebm., Goeppertia
misantlensis (Lascur.) Borchs. & S. Suárez, Centradenia grandifolia (Schltdl.) Endl., Chamae-
dorea pinnatifrons Oerst., Cuphea calaminthifolia Schltdl., Deppea purpusii Standl., Dios-
pyros riojae, Epidendrum tuxtlense Hágsater, García-Cruz & L. Sánchez, Gunnera mexicana
Brandegee, Hydrangea nebulicola Nevling & Gómez Pompa, Magnolia schiedeana Schlecht.,
Oecopetalum mexicanum, Persea schiedeana Nees, Prunus tetradenia Koehne, Rumex obtu-
sifolius L., Saurauia leucocarpa, Tibouchina purpusii Brandegee, Tilia mexicana, Vaccinium
leucanthum Schltdl. and Vernonanthura patens (Kunth) H. Rob. The deciduous forest is ran-
domly distributed on steep and moderate slopes over extrusive igneous rocks, steep slopes with
limestone, moderate slopes upon sandstone and limestone.
Selva alta subperennfolia (Tropical high sub-evergreen forest).- This vegetation type is found
the lowlands, between 400 and 850 m a.s.l., on low hills with low slopes. It was called “tropical
Lauraceae forest” by Gómez-Pompa (1966) due to the predominance of species of this fam-
ily. It is possible to find fragments of this vegetation type in the riparian zones of the streams,
with trees of between 20 and 30 m in height. The physiognomically important species include:
Alchornea latifolia, Beilschmiedia anay (S.F. Blake) Kosterm., B. mexicana (Mez) Kosterm.,
Brosimum alicastrum, Calatola costaricensis Standl., C. mollis Standl., Cymbopetalum pendu-
618
95 (4): 610-659, 2017
liflorum Baill., Dendropanax arboreus (L.) Decne & Planch., Drypetes lateriflora, Ficus micro-
carpa L.f., Guarea grandifolia DC., Ocotea sp., Oecopetalum mexicanum, Persea schiedeana,
Protium copal (Schltdl. & Cham.) Engl., Quercus oleoides Schltdl. & Cham., and Tapirira
mexicana Marchand, among others. The tropical high sub-evergreen forest is located on mod-
erate slopes with different geological (extrusive igneous, sandstone and limestone), hills and
minor elevations over extrusive igneous rock and on alluvial plains and minor elevation hills
over sandstone.
The ecotone of deciduous forest and tropical high sub-evergreen forest, indicated by Gutiér-
rez-Báez (1993), corresponds to a transition between both vegetation types on wet soils between
850 and 1,100 m a.s.l. The typical species of this association are: Calatola mollis, Coccoloba
hirtella Lundell, Drypetes laterifolia, Ficus aurea Nutt, Meliosma alba Walp., Nectandra sp.,
Oecopetalum mexicanum, Platanus mexicana Moric., Protium copal, Pseudolmedia glabrata,
Talauma mexicana G. Don, Tapirira mexicana and Ulmus mexicana Planch.
Selva mediana subperennifolia (Tropical sub-evergreen forest).- Godínez-Ibarra & López-Mata
(2002) reported this vegetation type in Santa Gertrudis (municipality of Vega de Alatorre) at an
altitude of between 400 and 651 m a.s.l. The canopy is greater than 20 m in height and the fol-
lowing floristic components are representative: Psychotria L. spp., Brosimum alicastrum, Ficus
L. spp. Cojoba arborea (L.) Britton & Rose, Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit, Bursera
simaruba (L.) Sarg., Trophis racemosa (L.) Urb., Manilkara zapota (L.) P. Royen, Aphananthe
monoica (Hemsl.) J.-F. Leroy, Dendropanax arboreus, Cedrela odorata L., Pleuranthodendron
lindenii (Turcz.) Sleumer and Nectandra ambigens (S.F. Blake) C.K. Allen. As with the tropical
high sub-evergreen forest, the medium sub-evergreen forest is located on moderate slopes with
extrusive igneous rocks, sandstone and limestone, on hills and minor elevations over extrusive
igneous rock and sandstone, and on alluvial plains.
Selva baja caducifolia (Tropical low deciduous forest, secundary vegetation).- Acosta (1986)
described this vegetation type in the Sierra Manuel Díaz (municipality of Actopan) with the fol-
lowing notable floristic components: Tabebuia chrysantha (Jacq.) G. Nicholson, Cochlospermum
vitifolium Spreng., Ipomoea wolcottiana Rose, Plumeria rubra L., Bursera simaruba, Ceiba aes-
culifolia (Kunth) Breitten & Baker f. and Lysiloma divaricatum (Jacq.) Benth.. This vegetation
type covers the slopes of the mountain close to the Gulf of Mexico coast, up to 900 m a.s.l.
Dorantes & Acosta (1975) also described the tropical low deciduous forest near Farallón (munici-
pality of Actopan) as presenting the following principal woody components: Annona globiflora
Schltdl., Bursera simaruba, Caesalpinia cacalaco Bonpl., Cochlospermum vitifolium, Cordia
dentata Poir., Diospyros verae-crucis Standl., Ehretia tinifolia L., Enterolobium cyclocarpum
(Jacq.) Griseb., Euphorbia schlechtendalii Boiss., Luehea candida Mart., Lysiloma acapulcense
(Kunth) Benth., Tabebuia chrysantha and T. rosea DC. This vegetation type is distributed on
steep slopes with extrusive igneous rocks, moderate slopes with extrusive igneous rocks and
sandstone and on hills and minor elevations with extrusive igneous rock and sandstone.
Encinares (Oak).- This vegetation type is found between 300 and 400 m a.s.l. and, according to
Zamora-Crescencio & Avendaño-Reyes (1998), on flat areas on the northern mountainside over
clay soils. The arboreal stratum does not exceed 10 m in height and is dominated by Quercus
oleoides, accompanied by Piscidia piscipula (L.) Sarg., Dendropanax arboreus, Guazuma ulmi-
folia Lam., Bursera simaruba, Mimosa albida Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd., among other species.
According to Gómez-Pompa (1977), the oak forests can be divided into the temperate and warm
climatic groups. The temperate oak forests, or those of medium height, are found between 1,000
and 1,300 m a.s.l., in duripan soils (locally called “tepetate”) in Mesa de Guadalupe, Alto de Tío
Diego, Alto Lucero and Alto del Tizar (Cházaro-Basáñez 1992). This is an arboreal community
of 8-15 m in height, of which the notable floristic components are: Quercus peduncularis Née,
Q. polymorpha Schltdl. & Cham., Q. sapotifolia Liebm. and Zinowiew integerrima (Turcz.)
Turcz. Ortega-Ortiz (1981) also described an oak forest close to El Espinal (municipality of
Naolinco), composed of Quercus polymorpha and Quercus castanea Née. The oak forests of
warm regions, or tropical oak forest, are found at an altitude of 10 to 400 m a.s.l., between Coli-
pa and Vega de Alatorre (Gómez-Pompa 1966), as well as in the vicinity of Laguna Verde-Palma
Sola (Gómez-Pompa 1972) and on the heights of Los Atlixcos and Topilitos (municipality of
Vega de Alatorre) (Cházaro-Bazañez 1992). The landforms on which it is found correspond to
619
95 (4): 610-659, 2017
Figure 4. Zones with little

history of collection. Zone I,
Centro del municipio de Alto
Lucero; Zone II, Municipio de
Actopan; Zone III, Sierra La
Bandera; Zone IV, Barrancas
de Chiconquiaco-Tepetlán;
Zone V, Laderas bajas del
norte de la Sierra de Chicon-
quiaco y Zone VI, Laderas
escarpadas.
moderate slopes with extrusive igneous rocks, hills and minor elevations over sandstone and on
alluvial plains.
Riparia (Riparian).- This vegetation type azonal distribution and is found along permanent or
temporary streams, brooks and rivers. Its characteristic species are: Platanus mexicana, Salix
humboldtiana Willd., Salix exigua Nutt., Ficus insipida Willd. and Syzigium jambos (L.) Alston,
and its accompanying species are: Baccharis salicifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers. and Pithecellobium
lanceolatum Benth. (Zamora-Crescencio & Avendaño-Reyes 1998). Regarding landforms and
geology, riparian vegetation has a ubiquitous distribution and can be found on moderate slopes
with extrusive igneous rocks and sandstone, on hills and minor elevations with extrusive igne-
ous rocks, sandstone and conglomerate and on the alluvial plains.
Number of species recorded on the Sierra de Chiconquiaco and rarely explored sites. According
to the database of the herbarium XAL and MEXU, there were 3,016 species recorded up to cor-
respond to 35 % of the flora of Veracruz (Villaseñor 2016). The taxa exclusively endemic to the
Sierra are: Ceratozamia morettii Vázq. Torres & Vovides, Chusquea enigmatica Ruiz-Sánchez,
Mejía-Saulés & L. G. Clark, recently described on the volcano of Acatlán (Ruiz-Sánchez et al.
2014), Eugenia mozomboensis P.E. Sánchez, Monstera florescanoana Croat, T. Krömer & Ace-
bey, Nama linearis D.L. Nash, Piper colipanum C. DC., Salvia chazaroana B.L.Turner, Zamia
inermis Vovides, J.D. Rees & Vázq. Torres. Castilleja eggeri and Echeveria cuquita. The latter
two species are currently being described.
The floristic information remains incomplete, since the 4,320 (XAL) specimens collected
only cover 30 % (1,061 km2) of the total area. The remaining 70 % (2,570 km2) has undergone
little or no collection. The zones with limited history of collection are described below, labelled
as zones I to VI and shown in Figure 4.
Zone I, Centro del municipio de Alto Lucero (126 km2).- The zone corresponds to tropical low
deciduous forest in Mesa de Tigres and El Tabacal, oak forests located in Las Mesitas, Rancho
Nuevo, La Cañada and close to Topiltepec (Arroyo de la Peña and Arroyo de los Cedros),
Barranca Hernández and Río de la Barranca to the south of Topilito de Zaragoza. The zone is
located on moderate slopes with extrusive igneous rock.
620
95 (4): 610-659, 2017
Figure 5. Potential sites for

conservation and priority zo-
nes for conservation by CO-
NABIO (2004). 1) Centro del
municipio de Alto Lucero; 2)
Municipio de Actopan; 3) Sie-
rra La Bandera, 4) Barrancas
de Chiconquiaco-Tepetlán; 5)
Laderas escarpadas en gene-
ral; 6) Barrancas de Yecuat-
la; 7) Barranca Diamante; 8)
Barranca Chapopote and 9)
Laderas al este del cerro Acat-
lán. I) Pico de Orizaba-Cofre
de Perote; II) Dunas costeras
del centro de Veracruz and III)
Encinares tropicales de la pla-
nicie costera Veracruzana.
Zone II, Municipio de Actopan (140 km2).- The zone is characterized by tropical low decidu-
ous forest located east of San José Pastorías and San José de la Punta, north of Agua Fría and
northeast of Llano de Zárate, Cerro de Tres Picos (Sierra Manuel Díaz) and surroundings. In the
vicinity of the mountain La Paila (near Monte de Oro) to the extreme southeast of the munici-
pality of Alto Lucero, towards the coast and between the lagoons of Farallón and Laguna Verde,
oak forest communities predominate, while in the northern part of the municipality an area of
tropical low deciduous forest extends in the localities of Rancho Italia and Cerro de los Metates
in the ravines of the Limón river. The zone is of moderate to steep slopes on extrusive igneous
rocks, moderate slopes on sandstone, hills and minor elevations upon extrusive igneous rocks
associated with alluvial plains, as well as hills and minor elevations built on sandstone.
Zone III, Sierra La Bandera (63 km2).- The zone corresponds to a tropical medium sub-ever-
green forest located in the Sierra La Bandera and to the south of Santa Gertrudis, with the pos-
sible presence of secondary vegetation of tropical high evergreen forest. It also includes riparian
vegetation along the Juchique river. This zone features moderate slopes with extrusive igneous
rocks and sandstone, and hills and minor elevations.
Zone IV, Barrancas de Chiconquiaco-Tepetlán (32 km2).- The zone comprises deciduous and
oak forests at Loma Alta, Vista Hermosa, the gullies of El Huérfano, La Sombra, Cerro Totola
and Xucuyul (municipality of Chiconquiaco), and in the north of the municipality of Tepetlán in
Colonia Cuauhtémoc and the locality of Ocote. The sites of the Rincón Grande canyon, Tepetlán
and “malpaís” de San Lorenzo Tepetlán have had little collection. In general, this is a zone of
steep and moderate slopes with extrusive igneous rocks.
Zone V, Laderas bajas del norte de la Sierra de Chiconquiaco (94 km2).- The zone extends to the
north of the municipality of Misantla, south of Nautla, west of Vega de Alatorre and center of
Colipa. The secondary vegetation of tropical high and medium sub-evergreen forest is present
in Misantla: El Diamante, the mountains Quebrado and Vista Hermosa; in the municipality of
Nautla: the mountains Dos Hermanos and Peña Colorada, El Salto and Pilancones; in Vega de
Alatorre: Agua Santa and El Tepe; in Colipa, the mountain El Tigre and El Ocotillo. The zone
is characterized by moderate slopes on extrusive igneous rocks and sandstone, hills and minor
elevations with extrusive igneous rocks, and sandstone, associated with alluvial plains.
621
95 (4): 610-659, 2017
Zone VI, Laderas escarpadas (260 km2).- It corresponds to the most extensive zone (nine mu-
nicipalities), where no collection has occurred in the remnants of deciduous forest vegetation.
The zone forms a strip that traverses the Sierra of Chiconquiaco from east to west and also in-
cludes fragments of secondary tropical high and medium subevergreen forest in the south of the
municipality of Atzalan, near the mountains Huizozoco, Naranjal, Plan de la Luz and Martinica,
as well as in the northeast of the municipality of Altotonga, on the peaks of Relicario, Cerro
de los Muertos and Loma del Arco. Likewise, pine-oak and pine vegetation is found on the La
Cebollana-Tlacolulan altitudinal gradient in the municipality of Tlacolulan. Steep and moderate
slopes, extrusive igneous rocks and limestone characterize the zone.
Zones of interest for conservation and research. The Serie V (INEGI 2013) regarding land use
and vegetation indicates that the overall surface covered by vegetation does not exceed 25 %
of the total area. Remnants of vegetation presenting different degrees of disturbance only re-
main on the abrupt slopes. Among these nine zones with potential for conservation and future
research were recognized and labelled as ZCR 1 to 9 (Figure 5). Five of them are the zones with
less botanical ZCR 1 (corresponds to Zone I), ZCR 2 (Zone II), ZCR 3 (Zone III), ZCR 4 (Zone
Table 3. Endemic species registered in the Sierra de Chiconquiaco. (Adaptaded from Castillo-Campos et al.
2005).
Species Family
Alophia veracruzana Goldblatt & T.M. Howard Iridaceae

Amphitecna tuxtlensis A.H. Gentry Bignoniaceae
Aristolochia asclepiadifolia Brandegee Aristolochiaceae
Begonia multistaminea Burt-Utley Begoniaceae
Begonia pudica L.B. Sm. & B.G. Schub. Begoniaceae
Bomarea gloriosa M. Roem. Alstroemeriaceae
Bursera cinerea Engl. Burseraceae
Calyptranthes karwinskyana O. Berg Myrtaceae
Calyptranthes schiedeana O. Berg Myrtaceae
Calyptranthes schlechtendaliana O. Berg Myrtaceae
Ceratozamia morettii Vázq. Torres & Vovides Zamiaceae
Cestrum endlicheri Miers Solanaceae
Chusquea enigmatica Ruiz-Sánchez, Mejía-Saulés & L. G. Clark Poaceae
Chusquea mulleri Munro Poaceae
Costus dirzoi García-Mend. & Ibarra-Manr. Costaceae
Cuphea nitidula Kunth Lythraceae
Dioscorea cruzensis R. Knuth Dioscoreaceae
Dioscorea spiculiflora Hemsl. var. fasciculocongesta Sosa & B.G. Schub. Dioscoreaceae
Eugenia colipensis O. Berg Myrtaceae
Eugenia mozomboensis P.E. Sánchez Myrtaceae
Eugenia trunciflora (Schltdl. & Cham.) ex O. Berg Myrtaceae
Goeppertia misantlensis (Lascur.) Borchs. & S. Suárez Marantaceae
Hampea integerrima Schltdl. Malvaceae
Hydrangea nebulicola Nevling & Gómez Pompa Hydrangeaceae
Maianthemum macrophyllum (M. Martens & Galeotti) La Frankie Convallariaceae
Mammillaria eriacantha Link & Otto ex Pfeiff. Cactaceae
Mammillaria sartorii J.A. Purpus Cactaceae
Monstera florescanoana Croat, T. Krömer & Acebey Araceae
Nama linearis D.L. Nash Boraginaceae
Oncidium stramineum Lindl. Orchidaceae
Physalis greenmanii Waterf. Solanaceae
Piper colipanum C. DC. Piperaceae
Salvia chazaroana B.L.Turner Lamiaceae
Selaginella pulcherrima Liebm. Selaginellaceae
Tillandsia tricolor Schltdl. & Cham. Bromeliaceae
Zamia inermis Vovides, J.D. Rees & Vázq. Torres Zamiaceae
622
95 (4): 610-659, 2017
IV), and ZCR 5 (Zone VI). The rest of the zones with interest for conservation a future research
are associated with cultivated crops and pastures and correspond to:
ZCR 6. Barrancas de Yecuatla (70 km2), located between the Zones IV and VI with little history
of collection, as a strip of deciduous forest to the southwest of Yecuatla, and the localities of Los
Brincos towards the south, Chiconquillo to the east and the mountain Pesmón to the west.
ZCR 7. Barranca Diamante (50 km2), located to the southeast of Zone V, with little collection
and formed by isolated fragments of tropical high and medium sub-evergreen forest, in the lo-
calities of La Planilla to the north, El Naranjal to the south, El Mango towards the east and El
Tigre to the west. This zone also includes gallery vegetation along the limits of the municipali-
ties of Vega de Alatorre and Misantla.
ZCR 8. Barranca Chapopote (27 km2), delimited by Rincón Grande to the north, Alto Tío Diego
to the south, Las Palomas to the east and Los Cedros to the west, contains sites with deciduous
and oak forests that cross the municipality of Tepetlán in a northeast-southeast direction.
ZCR 9. Laderas al este del cerro Acatlán (17 km2), which mostly comprise deciduous forest and
diverse fragments of oak forest to the southeast. In other areas of the Sierra of Chiconquiaco,
there are numerous disperse fragments of oak forests in the El Tecuán canyon, oak and tropical
medium sub-evergreen forests in Los Atlixcos and gallery vegetation to the east of Misantla,
along the river of the same name.
According to CONABIO (2004), three of the Veracruz state priority zones for conservation
cover the Sierra de Chiconquiaco and correspond to approximately 13 % of its total area (Figure
5): “Pico de Orizaba-Cofre de Perote”, comprising a small area (0.03 km2), “Coastal dunes of
central Veracruz” with 27 km2 and “Tropical oak forests of the Veracruz coastal plain” which
presents the largest area (447 km2).
According to the NOM-059-SEMARNAT (2010), 57 species at risk are recorded in the flora
of this Sierra (Appendix 1). They are mainly related to the genus Chamaedorea Willd. and Til-
landsia L., with four species each. In that same inventory there are 198 species referenced in
CITES (2015), there are registered 36 endemic species from Veracruz (Castillo-Campos et al.
2005), that can be found there. Among them, it is worth mentioning the genus Eugenia L. and
Calyptranthes Sw. with three species each one (Table 3).
Oncidium stramineum Lindl., Mammillaria eriacantha Link & Otto ex Pfeiff. y M. sartorii
J.A. Purpus are endemic to Veracruz (Castillo-Campos et al. 2005) and are registered in CITES
(2015) appendix II. Tillandsia tricolor Schltdl. & Cham. and Hydrangea nebulicola Nevling &
Gómez Pompa, are endemic to Veracruz and are also registered in the NOM-059-SEMARNAT
(2010); Zamia inermis Vovides, J.D. Rees & Vázq. Torres, is in appendix II, endemic to Vera-
cruz and in the NOM-059-SEMARNAT (2010).
Conclusion
Through analysis of geomorphological attributes in a geographic information system, the bound-

aries of the Sierra of Chiconquiaco were established. Based on a bibliographic review, records
of the herbaria, studies and field exploration, seven vegetation types were described, as well as
a floristic list of species. Six zones scarcely documented in the herbaria and nine potential areas
for conservation and research were detected.
Regarding land use and vegetation of its total area, pastures occupy 50 %, agriculture 23 %,
secondary vegetation 19 %, conserved vegetation 7 % and of water and urban zones occupy the
remaining 0.7 %. This is an indication that there is still 25 % of land covered by vegetation with
different degrees of disturbance in the region. The nine zones of interest for conservation (786
km2) together account for only 22 % of the area. Due to the hitherto scarce exploration, these
zones could have the potential for the discovery of new species and endemisms. In this Sierra,
different types of arboreal vegetation still exist in an altitudinal range between 800 and 2,500 m
a.s.l., where deciduous forest occupies the largest area and extends in a strip towards the munici-
palities of Hueytamalco, Teziutlán, Zongozotla, Zapotitlán de Méndez, Tlaola and Pahuatlán,
among others in the state of Puebla.
Floristic importance of the area. The eight exclusively endemic species have rarely been
collected and some are of recent description. It is therefore possible to find them in other sites.
623
95 (4): 610-659, 2017
Evaluation of endemism and its distribution and abundance will be crucial in order to formulate
and undertake measures for its protection through conservation strategies. This contribution is
considered a baseline from which future studies can be conducted in the Sierra of Chiconquiaco
related to floristic inventories, quality and estimation of the vegetation cover, land use change,
strategies of natural resource management and detection of priority areas for conservation and
restoration based on native species and those of traditional use. Floristic and vegetation studies
at regional level will continue to be of great importance to the knowledge, use and conservation
of biodiversity and to measures for the mitigation of the environmental deterioration of this
particular site in Veracruz.
Dedication
The authors dedicate this contribution to Dr. Arturo Gómez-Pompa for his important studies in
the Sierra de Chiconquiaco visionary of the conservation and use of biodiversity of Mexico, and
professional guidance.
Acknowledgements
We thank to Gonzalo Castillo-Campos and Mario Vázquez Torres for their valuable comments
on earlier versions of this manuscript. We are grateful to Melissa Covarrubias, Gregoria Zamo-
ra, Víctor Luna and Israel Acosta for the support in organizing information the database of
plants, and Reyna Paula Zárate for the organization of the manuscript and literature. To Clarissa
Ramírez and Gabriela Díaz for mapping the plants collections. This study was supported in
part by sabbatical grant to the first author from the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología
(Conacyt), Project 233738.
Literature cited
Acosta PR. 1986. Vegetación de la Sierra de Manuel Díaz, Veracruz. BSc. Thesis, Universidad Veracruzana.
Álvarez-Aquino, C. 1997. Estudio poblacional de Fagus mexicana Martínez en Acatlán, Veracruz, Méxi-
co. MSc. Thesis. Instituto de Ecologia, A.C.
Ambrosio-Montoya M, Avendaño-Reyes S. 1999. Catálogo de plantas útiles del municipio de Misantla,
Veracruz. La Ciencia y El Hombre 31: 43-88.
Bojórquez-Tapia LA, Balvanera P, Cuarón AD. 1994. Biological inventories and computer data bases:
their role in environmental assessments. Environmental Management 18: 775-785. DOI:10.1007/
BF02394640
Bravo-Navarro F. 1993. Estudio etnobotánico en el Municipio de Naolinco, Veracruz. BSc. Thesis, Uni-
versidad Veracruzana.
Casildo A. 2004. Inventario florístico en la región “Cerro de los Muertos” Municipio de Altotongo, Ver. Bs
Thesis. Veracruz; Universidad Veracruzana.
Castillo-Campos G, Medina-Abreo ME, Dávila-Aranda PD, Zavala-Hurtado JA. 2005. Contribución al
conocimiento del endemismo de la flora vascular en Veracruz, México. Acta Botánica Mexicana 73:
19-57. DOI: 10.21829/abm73.2005.1004.
Cházaro-Basáñez M. 1992. Exploraciones botánicas en Veracruz y estados circunvecinos I. Pisos altitu-
dinales de vegetación en el centro de Veracruz y zonas limítrofes de Puebla. La Ciencia y El Hombre
10: 67-116.
CITES. 2015. Convención sobre el Comercio Internacional de Especies Amenazadas de Fauna y Flora
Silvestres <cites.org/esp/app/appendices.php> (accessed February 14, 2016).
CONABIO. 2004. Regiones Terrestres Prioritarias. Scale 1:1’000,000. México D.F. <http://www.conabio.
gob.mx/informacion/metadata/gis/rtp1mgw.xml?_xsl=/db/metadata/xsl/fgdc_html.xsl&_indent=no>
(accessed October 25, 2016).
Cortés-Flores IS. 2009. Las bromeliáceas en relictos de vegetación de las cuencas de los ríos Nautla,
Colipa y Misantla. BSc. Thesis, Universidad Veracruzana.
Dorantes LJ, Acosta M. 1975. Excursión a la zona de Xalapa-Boca Andrea. Guías botánicas de excursio-
nes en México II. Mexico City: Sociedad Botánica de México.
Ellis EA, Martínez-Bello M. 2010. Vegetación y uso de suelo. In Florescano E, Ortiz-Escamilla J. eds. At-
las del Patrimonio Natural, Histórico y Cultural de Veracruz. Comisión del estado de Veracruz para la
conmemoración de la Independencia Nacional y la Revolución Mexicana. Universidad Veracruzana.
624
95 (4): 610-659, 2017
Ferrari L, Tagami T, Eguchi M, Orozco-Esquivel T, Pretone CM, Jacobo-Albarrán J, López-Martínez M.

2005. Geology, geochronology and tectonic setting of late Cenozoic volcanism along the southwestern
Gulf of Mexico: The Eastern Alkaline Province Revisited. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal
Research 146: 284-306. DOI: org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2005.02.004
García E. 1988. Modificaciones al sistema de clasificación climática de Köppen (para adaptarlo a las
condiciones de la República Mexicana). Instituto de Geografía, UNAM.
Geissert-Kientz D. 1999. Regionalización geomorfológica del estado de Veracruz. Boletín del Instituto de
Geografía UNAM 40: 23-47.
Godínez-Ibarra O, López-Mata L. 2002. Estructura, composición, riqueza y diversidad de árboles en tres
muestras de selva mediana subperennifolia. Anales del Instituto de Biología Serie Botánica 73: 283-314.
Gómez-Ortega VA. 2010. Contribución al conocimiento de la Vegetación y Flora del Municipio de Acatlán,
Veracruz. BSc. Thesis, Universidad Veracruzana.
Gómez-Pompa A. 1966. Estudios botánicos en la región de Misantla, Veracruz. Mexico, DF: Instituto
Mexicano de Recursos Naturales Renovables.
Gómez-Pompa A. 1972. Estudio preliminar de la vegetación y la flora en la región de Laguna Verde, Ver.
Informe final del convenio celebrado entre el Instituto de Biología de la UNAM y y el Departamento de
Zoología de la Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas del IPN, dentro del proyecto estudio ecológico
de Laguna Verde, Ver. de la Comisión Federal de Electricidad. México DF.
Gómez Pompa A. 1978. Ecología de la vegetación del estado de Veracruz. México: Compañía Editorial
Continental.
Gutiérrez Báez, C. 1993. Listado florístico de la sierra de Chiconquiaco, Ver. Textos Universitarios, Uni-
versidad Veracruzana.
Gutiérrez-Báez C. 1994. Plantas útiles de Yecuatla, Veracruz. La Ciencia y el Hombre 16: 59-75.
INEGI. 1986. Conjunto de Datos Vectorial Geológico, E1403 y F1412, Escala 1:250,000, Serie I. Aguas-
calientes, México: Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática.
INEGI. 1988. Síntesis geográfica, Nomenclator y Anexo Cartográfico del Estado de Veracruz. Aguascali-
entes, Mexico: Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática.
INEGI. 1999. Conjunto de Datos Hidrológicos Vectoriales Serie I. Escala 1:250,000. Cartas E1403 y
F1412. Mexico: Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática.
INEGI. 2000. Conjunto de Datos Vectoriales Escala 1:1’000,000. Mexico: Instituto Nacional de Estadísti-
ca, Geografía e Informática.
INEGI. 2007. Conjunto de Datos Vectoriales Edafológico Serie II. Escala 1:250,000. Mexico: Instituto
Nacional de Estadística y Geografía.
INEGI. 2013. Conjunto de datos vectoriales de uso de suelo y vegetación escala 1:250,000, Serie V.
Aguascalientes, Mexico: Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía.
INEGI. 2015. Continuo de elevaciones mexicano (CEM) V 3.0. Mexico: Instituto Nacional de Estadística
y Geografía. <www.inegi.org.mx/geo/contenidos/datosrelieve/continental/continuoelevaciones.aspx>
(accessed May 3, 2016)
Jayakumar S, Kim SS, Heo J. 2011. Floristic inventory and diversity assessment. A critical review. Pro-
ceedings of the International Academy of Ecology and Environmental Sciences 1: 151-168.
Lascurain-Rangel M, Avendaño-Reyes S, López-Binnqüist C, López-Acosta JC, Covarrubias-Báez M,
Duno-de Stefano R. 2013. Uso y flora leñosa asociada a Oecopetalum mexicanum (Icacinaceae): una
especie comestible nativa de la Sierra de Misantla, Veracruz, México. Botanical Sciences 91: 477-484.
DOI: 10.17129/botsci.424
López-Acosta JC, Lascurain M, López-Binnqüist C, Covarrubias M. 2014. Structure and floristic composi-
tion in local forest management systems of the edible fruit tree Oecopetalum mexicanum in the Sierra de
Misantla, Veracruz, Mexico. Economic Botany 68: 44-58. DOI: 10.1007/s12231-014-9260-0
López-Infanzón M. 1991. Petrologic study of volcanic rocks from the Chiconquiaco-Palma Sola area,
Central Veracruz, Mexico. MSc. Thesis, New Orleans: Tulane University.
Miranda F, Hernández X. 1963. Los tipos de vegetación de México y su clasificación. Boletín de la Socie-
dad Botánica de México 28: 29-179.
Morrone JJ. 2005. Hacia una síntesis biogeográfica de México. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 76:
207-252.
Norris WR, Lewis DQ, Widrlechner MP, Thompson JD, Pope RO. 2001. Lessons from an inventory of the
Ames, Iowa, flora (1859-2000). Journal-Iowa Academy of Science 108: 34-63.
Ortega-Ortiz R. 1981. Vegetación y flora de una corriente de lava (mal país) al NE del Cofre de Perote,
Veracruz. Biótica 6: 57-97.
Pavón-Hernández NP. 1992. Estudio de la distribución espacial de Tilia mexicana Schlecht. en una zona de
bosque mesófilo de montaña, en la Sierra de Naolinco, Veracruz. BSc. Thesis, Universidad Veracruzana.
Prance GT. 1977. Floristic inventory of the tropics: where do we stand? Annals of the Missouri Botanical
Garden 64: 659-684. DOI: 10.2307/2395293
625
95 (4): 610-659, 2017
Priego Santander AG, Isunza Vera E, Luna González N, Pérez Damián JL. 2003. Anexo I. Disección
vertical del relieve de México a escala 1:250 000. In: Priego A, Bocco G, Mendoza M, Garrido A.
2008. Propuesta para la Generación Semi-Automatizada de Unidades de Paisajes: Fundamentos y
Métodos. Secretaría del Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales, Instituto Nacional de Ecología, Centro
de Investigaciones en Geografía Ambiental (UNAM). <http://www.emapas.inecc.gob.mx/download/
paisaje_unidades_paisaje.pdf>(accessed May 25, 2016)
Ruiz-Sánchez E, Mejía-Saules T, Clark LG. 2014. A new endangered species of Chusquea (Poaceae: Bam-
busoideae) from the Acatlan volcano in central Veracruz, Mexico, and keys to the Mexican Chusquea
species. Phytotaxa 163: 16-26. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.163.1.2
Rzedowski J. 1978. Vegetación de México. Mexico DF: Limusa.
Rzedowski J, Calderón-de Rzedowski G, Butanda A. 2009. Los principales colectores de plantas activos
en México entre 1700 y 1930. Patzcuaro, Michoacan: Instituto de Ecología, A.C.-CONABIO.
SEMARNAT 2010. Norma Oficial Mexicana NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010, Protección ambiental-Espe-
cies nativas de México de flora y fauna silvestres-Categorías de riesgo y especificaciones para su
inclusión, exclusión o cambio-Lista de especies en riesgo. Diario Oficial de la Federación (Segunda
Sección). Mexico, DF: Secretaría de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales.
Sousa M. 1969. Las colecciones botánicas de C.A. Purpus en México. University of California Publica-
tions in Botany 51: 1-36.
Torres-Cantú GB. 2009. Orquídeas (epidendroideae y vandoideae) presentes en los remanentes de vege-
tación original de la zona propuesta como reserva de la Biosfera de las Cuencas de los Ríos Nautla,
Colipa y Misantla. BSc. Thesis, Universidad Veracruzana.
Villaseñor JL. 2003. Diversidad y distribución de las Magnoliophyta de México. Interciencia 28: 160-
167.
Villaseñor JL. 2016. Checklist of the native vascular plants of México. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad
87: 559-902.
Williams-Linera G, Pérez GY, Tolome J. 1996. El Bosque Mesófilo de Montaña y un Gradiente Altitudinal
en el Centro de Veracruz, México. La Ciencia y el Hombre 8: 149-161.
Zamora-Crescencio P, Avendaño-Reyes S. 1998. La vegetación del Municipio de Yecuatla, Veracruz,
México. La Ciencia y el Hombre 28: 27-65.
626
95 (4): 610-659, 2017
Appendix 1.
SCIENTIFIC NAME CITES NOM- 059 SCIENTIFIC NAME CITES NOM- 059
ACANTHACEAE Saurauia leucocarpa Schltdl.
Aphelandra schiedeana Cham. & Schltdl. Saurauia pedunculata Hook.
Barleria discolor Nees Saurauia scabrida Hemsl.
Barleria oenotheroides Dum. Cours. Saurauia villosa DC.
Blechum brownei Juss. ADOXACEAE
Blechum pyramidatum (Lam.) Urb. Sambucus canadensis L.
Chileranthemum trifidum Oerst. Viburnum caudatum Greenm.
Dicliptera acuminata Juss. Viburnum ciliatum Greenm.
Dicliptera unguiculata Nees Viburnum microcarpum Schltdl. & Cham.
Dyschoriste decumbens (A. Gray) Kuntze Viburnum rhombifolium Hemsl.
Dyschoriste quadrangularis (Oerst.) Kuntze Viburnum tiliifolium Hemsl.
Elytraria bromoides Oerst. AIZOACEAE
Elytraria imbricata (Vahl) Pers. Trianthema portulacastrum L.
Glockeria gracilis Nees ALISMATACEAE
Hansteinia gracilis Oerst. Echinodorus andrieuxii (Hook. & Arn.)
Henrya insularis Nees Small
Hypoestes lasiostegia var. sanguinolenta ALLIACEAE
(Van Houtte) Benoist Nothoscordum bivalve (L.) Britton
Hypoestes phyllostachya Baker ALSTROEMERIACEAE
Jacobinia paniculata Oerst. Bomarea acutifolia Herb.
Justicia fulvicoma Cham. & Schltdl. Bomarea edulis Herb.
Justicia aurea Schltdl. Bomarea gloriosa M. Roem.
Justicia borrerae Hemsl. ALTINGIACEAE
Justicia breviflora Rusby Liquidambar styraciflua Oerst.
Justicia campechiana Standl. AMARANTHACEAE
Justicia candelariae (Oerst.) Leonard Achyranthes aspera L.
Justicia comata (L.) Lam. Alternanthera flavescens Kunth
Justicia macrantha Benth. Alternanthera gracilis Loes.
Justicia pectoralis Jacq. Alternanthera lanceolata Schinz
Justicia sessilis Jacq. Amaranthus scariosus Benth.
Justicia spicigera Schltdl. Amaranthus spinosus L.
Odontonema callistachyum Kuntze Blutaparon vermiculare (L.) Mears
Pseuderanthemum praecox (Benth.) Celosia argentea L.
Leonard Celosia nitida Vahl
Pseuderanthemum standleyi Leonard Chamissoa altissima Kunth
in Standl. Chenopodium ambrosioides L.
Ruellia coerulea Morong Chenopodium graveolens Willd.
Ruellia erythropus Lindau Chenopodium murale L.
Ruellia inundata Kunth Cyathula achyranthoides Moq.
Ruellia jussieuoides Standl. Froelichia floridana (Nutt.) Moq.
Ruellia spissa Leonard Gomphrena nana Standl.
Siphonoglossa canbyi (Greenm.) Gomphrena pilosa Moq.
Hilsenb. Gomphrena serrata L.
Spathacanthus hahnianus Baill. Hebanthe grandiflora (Hook.) Borsch
Spathacanthus parviflorus Leonard & Pedersen
Stenandrium dulce Nees Iresine arbuscula Uline & W.L. Bray
Stenostephanus haematodes (Schltdl.) Iresine diffusa Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.
T.F. Daniel Iresine hebanthoides Suess.
Tetramerium nervosum Nees Iresine herbstii Hook.
Tetramerium scorpioides (L.) Hemsl. Iresine herrerae Conz. & S.F. Blake
Thunbergia alata Bojer ex Sims Iresine interrupta Benth.
Thunbergia convolvulifolia Baker Iresine latifolia Moq.
Thunbergia grandiflora Roxb. Iresine nigra Uline & W.L. Bray
ACERACEAE Pleuropetalum sprucei Standl.
Acer negundo L. AMARYLLIDACEAE
ACTINIDIACEAE Allium glandulosum Link & Otto
Saurauia cana B.T. Keller & Breedlove Crinum americanum L.
627
95 (4): 610-659, 2017
Appendix 1. Continuation.
Crinum x powellii hort. ex Baker APOCYNACEAE
Manfreda scabra (Ortega) McVaugh Allamanda cathartica L.
Zephyranthes carinata Herb. Alstonia longifolia (A. DC.) Pichon
ANACARDIACEAE Apocynum cannabinum L.
Astronium graveolens Jacq. ◊ Asclepias curassavica L.
Comocladia engleriana Loes. Asclepias similis Hemsl.
Pistacia mexicana Kunth Asclepias woodsoniana Standl.
Rhus terebinthifolia Schltdl. & Cham. & Steyerm.
Spondias mombin L. Aspidosperma megalocarpon
Tapirira mexicana Marchand Müll. Arg.
Toxicodendron radicans (L.) Kuntze Blepharodon mucronatum (Schltdl.)
ANEMIACEAE Decne.
Anemia phyllitidis (L.) Sw. Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don
Anemia tomentosa (Sav.) Sw. Cryptostegia grandiflora R. Br.
ANNONACEAE Cynanchum mexicanum Brandegee
Annona cherimola Miller Echites microcalyx A. DC.
Annona globiflora Schltdl. Fernaldia pandurata (A. DC.)
Annona longiflora S. Watson Woodson
Annona muricata L. Forsteronia myriantha Donn. Sm.
Annona purpurea Moc. & Sessé ex Dunal Forsteronia spicata G. Mey.
Cymbopetalum baillonii R.E. Fr. Funastrum clausum Schltr.
Cymbopetalum penduliflorum Baill. Gomphocarpus physocarpus E. Mey.
Desmopsis galeottiana Saff. Gonolobus chloranthus Schltdl.
Desmopsis trunciflora (Schltdl. & Cham.) Gonolobus erianthus Decne.
G.E. Schatz Gonolobus niger (Cav.) R. Br.
Guatteria amplifolia Triana & Planch. ex Schult.
Mosannona depressa (Baill.) Chatrou Gonolobus uniflorus Kunth
Rollinia mucosa (Jacq.) Baill. Mandevilla acutiloba (A. DC.)
Tridimeris hahniana Baill. Woodson
Xylopia trunciflora Schltdl. & Cham. Mandevilla subsagittata (Ruiz &
APIACEAE Pav.) Woodson
Ammi majus L. Mandevilla torosa (Jacq.) Woodson
Angelica nelsonii J.M. Coult. & Rose Marsdenia macrophylla E. Fourn.
Apium leptophyllum (Pers.) F. Muell. Matelea nigrescens (Schltdl.) Woodson
ex Benth. Matelea sugillata W.D. Stevens
Arracacia aegopodioides J.M. Coult. Matelea velutina (Schltdl.) Woodson
& Rose Mesechites trifidus Müll. Arg.
Arracacia nelsonii J.M. Coult. & Rose Metastelma barbigerum Scheele
Arracacia rigida J.M. Coult. & Rose Metastelma latifolium Rose
Berula erecta (Huds.) Coville Metastelma pringlei A. Gray
Cicuta maculata var. maculata L. Metastelma schlechtendalii Decne.
Coriandrum sativum L. Oxypetalum cordifolium (Vent.) Schltr.
Cyclospermum leptophyllum (Pers.) Pentalinon andrieuxii (Müll. Arg.)
Sprague ex Britton & P. Wilson B.F. Hansen & Wunderlin
Daucus montanus Humb. & Bonpl. Plumeria rubra L.
ex Spreng. Polystemma viridiflorum Decne.
Eryngium carlinae F. Delaroche Prosthecidiscus guatemalensis Donn. Sm.
Eryngium deppeanum Schltdl. & Cham. Rauvolfia tetraphylla L.
Eryngium foetidum L. Rhabdadenia biflora Müll. Arg.
Eryngium nasturtiifolium Juss. ex F. Sarcostemma clausum Schult.
Delaroche Sarcostemma elegans Decne.
Foeniculum vulgare Hill Sarcostemma pannosum Decne.
Micropleura renifolia Lag. Stemmadenia donnell-smithii (Rose)
Prionosciadium thapsoides (DC.) Mathias Woodson
Sanicula liberta Cham. & Schltdl. Stemmadenia litoralis (Kunth) L. Allorge
Spananthe paniculata Jacq. Tabernaemontana alba Mill.
Tauschia nudicaulis Schltdl. Thevetia ahouai (L.) A. DC.
628
95 (4): 610-659, 2017
Thevetia peruviana K. Schum. Bactris trichophylla Burret
Tintinnabularia gratissima J.F. Morales Chamaedorea concolor Mart.
Tonduzia longifolia (DC.) Markgr. Chamaedorea elatior Mart. ◊
Trachelospermum difforme (Walter) Chamaedorea elegans Mart.
A. Gray Chamaedorea klotzschiana H. Wendl. ◊
Vinca major L. Chamaedorea monostachys Burret
AQUIFOLIACEAE Chamaedorea oblongata Mart.
Ilex discolor Hemsl. var. tolucana Chamaedorea oreophila Mart. ◊
(Hemsl.) Edwin ex T.R. Dudley Chamaedorea pinnatifrons Oerst. ◊
Ilex pringlei Standl. Chamaedorea sartorii Liebm. ◊
ARACEAE Sabal mexicana Mart.
Alocasia macrorrhizos (L.) G. Don ARISTOLOCHIACEAE
Anthurium andicola Liebm. Aristolochia asclepiadifolia Brandegee
Anthurium crassinervium (Jacq.) Schott Aristolochia pentandra Jacq.
Anthurium harrisii G. Don ASPARAGACEAE
Anthurium pentaphyllum G. Don Agave angustifolia Haw.
Anthurium podophyllum Kunth ◊ Agave applanata Koch
Anthurium scandens (Aubl.) Engl. Agave filifera Salm-Dyck
Anthurium schlechtendalii Kunth Agave obscura Schiede
Anthurium umbrosum Liebm. Agave pendula Schnittsp.
Arisaema dracontium (L.) Schott Agave polyacantha Haw.
Arisaema macrospathum Benth. Agave univittata Haw.
Dieffenbachia oerstedii Schott Agave xalapensis Roezl ex Jacobi
Monstera acuminata K. Koch Beaucarnea recurvata Lem. ◊
Monstera florescanoana Croat, T. Beschorneria calcicola García-Mend. ◊
Kromer & Acebey Beschorneria yuccoides subsp.
Monstera lechleriana Schott dekosteriana (K. Koch) García-Mend.
Philodendron advena Schott Cordyline fruticosa (L.) A. Chev.
Philodendron guttiferum Kunth Echeandia longipedicellata Cruden
Philodendron inaequilaterum subsp. Echeandia parviflora Baker
Inaequilaterum Liebm. Maianthemum macrophyllum (M.
Philodendron jacquinii Schott Martens & Galeotti) La Frankie
Philodendron radiatum Schott Maianthemum paniculatum (M. Martens
Philodendron sagittifolium Liebm. & Galeotti) La Frankie
Philodendron seguine subsp. Maianthemum scilloideum (M. Martens
lingua-bovis Grayum & Galeotti) LaFrankie
Syngonium neglectum Schott Nolina humilis S. Watson
Syngonium podophyllum Schott Yucca guatemalensis Baker
Xanthosoma mexicanum Liebm. ASPLENIACEAE
Xanthosoma robustum Schott Asplenium achilleifolium (M. Martens
Zantedeschia aethiopica Spreng. & Galeotti) Liebm.
ARALIACEAE Asplenium alatum Humb. & Bonpl.
Dendropanax arboreus (L.) Decne ex Willd.
& Planch. Asplenium auriculatum Sw.
Hydrocotyle mexicana Cham. & Schltdl. Asplenium auritum Sw. ◊
Hydrocotyle umbellata L. Asplenium blepharodes D.C. Eaton
Hydrocotyle verticillata Thunb. Asplenium cristatum Lam.
Oreopanax capitatus (Jacq.) Decne. Asplenium cuspidatum Lam.
& Planch. Asplenium formosum Willd.
Oreopanax echinops Decne. & Planch. Asplenium hastatum Klotzsch ex Kunze
Oreopanax flaccidus Marchal Asplenium miradorense Liebm.
Oreopanax liebmannii Marchal Asplenium monanthes L.
Oreopanax peltatus Linden Asplenium pumilum Sw.
Oreopanax xalapensis Decne. & Planch. Asplenium repandulum Kunze
ARECACEAE Asplenium resiliens Kunze
Acrocomia aculeata Lodd. ex Mart. Asplenium salicifolium L.
Bactris mexicana Mart. Asplenium scolopendrium L.
629
95 (4): 610-659, 2017
Asplenium serra Langsd. & Fisch. Aster subulatus Michx.
Asplenium sessilifolium Desv. Astranthium xanthocomoides (Less.)
Asplenium sphaerosporum A.R. Sm. Larsen
ASTERACEAE Baccharis conferta Kunth
Achillea lanulosa Nutt. Baccharis rhexioides Kunth
Achillea millefolium L. Baccharis salicifolia (Ruiz & Pav.)
Acmella oppositifolia (Lam.) R.K. Jansen Pers.
Acourtia veracruzana B.L. Turner Baccharis serratifolia Kunth
Ageratina aschenborniana (S. Schauer) Baccharis serrifolia DC.
R.M. King & H. Rob. Baccharis thesioides Kunth
Ageratina bellidifolia (Benth.) R.M. Baccharis trinervis Pers.
King & H. Rob. Baltimora geminata (Brandegee)
Ageratina chiapensis (B.L. Rob.) R.M. Stuessy
King & H. Rob. Barkleyanthus salicifolius (Kunth)
Ageratina choricephala (B.L. Rob.) H. Rob. & Brettell
R.M. King & H. Rob. Bartlettina karwinskiana (DC.)
Ageratina crassiramea (B.L. Rob.) R.M. King & H. Rob.
R.M. King & H. Rob. Bartlettina oresbia (B.L. Rob.)
Ageratina enixa (B.L. Rob.) R.M. R.M. King & H. Rob.
King & H. Rob. Bartlettina sordida (Less.) R.M.
Ageratina havanensis (Kunth) R.M. King & H. Rob.
King & H. Rob. Bartlettina tuerckheimii (Klatt)
Ageratina ligustrina (DC.) R.M. R.M. King & H. Rob.
King & H. Rob. Bartlettina xalapana (B.L. Turner)
Ageratina mairetiana (DC.) R.M. B.L. Turner
King & H. Rob. Bidens aurea (Aiton) Sherff
Ageratina petiolaris (Moc. & Sessé Bidens triplinervia Kunth
ex DC.) R.M. King & H. Rob. Brickellia diffusa (Vahl) A. Gray
Ageratina pichichensis (Kunth) Brickellia pacayensis J.M. Coult.
R.M. King & H. Rob. Brickellia paniculata (Mill.) B.L.
Ageratina vernalis (Vatke & Kurtz) Rob.
R.M. King & Rob. Calea ternifolia Kunth
Ageratina wrightii (A. Gray) R.M. Calea urticifolia DC.
King & H. Rob Calendula officinalis L.
Ageratum conyzoides L. Calyptocarpus vialis Less.
Ageratum corymbosum Zuccagni Chaptalia nutans (L.) Pol.
Ageratum houstonianum Mill. Chromolaena odorata (L.) R.M.
Aldama dentata La Llave King & H. Rob.
Alloispermum integrifolium (DC.) Chrysanthemum parthenium Bernh.
H. Rob. Cirsium conspicuum Sch. Bip.
Alloispermum scabrum (Lag.) H. Rob. Cirsium lappoides Sch. Bip.
Alomia echioides (Less.) B.L. Rob. Cirsium mexicanum DC.
Ambrosia peruviana All. Cirsium pinetorum Greenm.
Archibaccharis asperifolia S.F. Blake Clibadium surinamense L.
Archibaccharis hirtella (DC.) Heering Conyza bonariensis (L) Cronquist
Archibaccharis intermedia (S.F. Blake) Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronquist
B.L. Turner Conyza coronopifolia Kunth
Archibaccharis schiedeana (Benth.) Conyza laevigata (Rich.) Pruski
J.D. Jacks. Critonia daleoides DC.
Archibaccharis serratifolia S.F. Blake Critonia hospitalis (B.L. Rob.) R.M.
Archibaccharis sescenticeps (S.F. King & H. Rob.
Blake) S.F. Blake Critonia morifolia (Mill.) R.M.
Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt. King & H. Rob.
Artemisia mexicana Willd. ex Spreng. Critoniadelphus nubigenus (Benth.)
Aster exilis Elliott R.M. King & H. Rob.
Aster schaffneri Sch. Bip. ex S.D. Sundb. Critoniopsis triflosculosa (Kunth)
& A.G. Jones Rob
630
95 (4): 610-659, 2017
Dahlia coccinea Cav. Koanophyllon solidaginoides
Decachaeta perornata (Klatt) R.M. (Kunth) R.M. King & H. Rob.
King & H. Rob. Lactuca graminifolia Michx.
Delilia berteroi Spreng. Lactuca ludoviciana (Nutt.)
Dyssodia aurantia (L.) B.L. Rob. Riddell
Dyssodia porophyllum (Cav.) Cav. Laennecia schiedeana (Less.)
Dyssodia tagetiflora Lag. G.L. Nesom
Eclipta prostrata (L.) L. Lagascea helianthifolia Kunth
Egletes liebmannii Sch. Bip. Lagascea mollis Cav.
Elephantopus mollis Kunth Lapsana communis L.
Epaltes mexicana Less. Launaea intybacea Beauverd
Erechtites hieracifolia Raf. Leiboldia serrata Gleason
Erechtites valerianifolia Less Lepidaploa salzmannii (DC.)
Erigeron karvinskianus DC. H. Rob.
Erigeron longipes DC. Lepidaploa tortuosa (L.) H. Rob.
Erigeron procumbens (Houst. ex Lepidonia mexicana (Less.) H.
Mill.) G.L. Nesom Rob. & V.A. Funk.
Erigeron scaberrimus Gardner Leucanthemum vulgare Lam
Erigeron veracruzensis G.L. Nesom Liabum bourgeaui Hieron.
Eupatorium albicaule Sch. Bip. Loxothysanus sinuatus (Less.)
ex Klatt B.L. Rob.
Eupatorium araliifolium Less Matricaria chamomilla L.
Eupatorium collinum DC. Melampodium americanum L.
Eupatorium leucocephalum Benth. Melampodium divaricatum DC.
Eupatorium schultzii Schnittsp. Melampodium gracile Less.
Fleischmannia capillipes (Benth. Melampodium microcephalum Less.
ex Oerst.) R.M. King & H. Rob. Melampodium perfoliatum Kunth
Fleischmannia pycnocephala Melanthera angustifolia A. Rich.
(Less.) R.M. King & H. Rob. Melanthera aspera Steud.
Florestina liebmannii Sch.Bip. Melanthera nivea (L.) Small
ex Greenm. Mikania houstoniana B.L. Rob.
Galeana pratensis Rydb. Mikania pyramidata Donn. Sm.
Galinsoga parviflora Cav. Milleria quinqueflora L.
Galinsoga quadriradiata Ruiz & Pav. Montanoa grandiflora DC.
Gnaphalium attenuatum DC. Montanoa tomentosa Cerv.
Gnaphalium berlandieri DC. Nelsonianthus tapianus (B.L. Turner)
Gnaphalium canescens DC. C. Jeffrey
Gnaphalium leucocephalum A. Neomirandea araliifolia (Less.)
Gray R.M. King & H. Rob.
Gnaphalium obtusifolium L. Neurolaena lobata R. Br.
Gnaphalium oxyphyllum DC. Neurolaena macrophylla Greenm.
Gnaphalium purpureum L. Neurolaena venturana B.L. Turner
Gynura aurantiaca DC. Otopappus curviflorus Hemsl.
Helenium quadridentatum Labill. Oxylobus adscendens B.L. Rob.
Helianthus annuus L. & Greenm.
Heliopsis buphthalmoides Dunal Packera coahuilensis (Greenm.)
Heterosperma pinnatum Cav. C. Jeffrey
Heterotheca inuloides Cass. Packera sanguisorbae (DC.) C. Jeffrey
Hidalgoa ternata La Llave Packera tampicana (DC.) C.
Hieracium abscissum Less. Jeffrey
Hieracium pringlei A. Gray Palafoxia lindenii A. Gray
Hymenostephium guatemalense Parthenium fruticosum Less.
S.F. Blake Pectis prostrata Cav.
Isocarpha oppositifolia (L.) Cass. Pentacalia parasitica (Hemsl.)
Iva asperifolia Less. H. Rob. & Cuatrec.
Jaegeria hirta (Lag.) Less. Perymeniopsis ovalifolia (A.
Jaegeria macrocephala Less. Gray) H. rob.
631
95 (4): 610-659, 2017
Perymenium gymnolomoides (Less.) DC. Solidago altissima L.
Pinaropappus roseus (Less.) Solidago velutina DC.
Piqueria trinervia Cav. Soliva sessilis Ruiz & Pav.
Pluchea carolinensis (Jacq.) D. Don. Sonchus asper (L.) Hill
Pluchea salicifolia S.F. Blake Sonchus oleraceus L.
Podachaenium eminens Baill. Spilanthes repens (Walter) Michx.
Porophyllum ruderale (Jacq.) Cass. Stevia jorullensis Kunth
Pseudelephantopus spicatus (Juss. Stevia monardifolia Kunth
ex Aubl.) C.F. Baker Stevia origanoides Kunth
Pseudognaphalium brachypterum Stevia ovata Willd.
(DC.) Anderb. Stevia pilosa Lag.
Pseudognaphalium roseum (Kunth) Stevia serrata Cav.
Anderb. Symphyotrichum expansum
Pseudogynoxys chenopodioides (Poepp. & Spreng.) G.L. Nesom
(Kunth) Cabrera Symphyotrichum moranense
Roldana angulifolia (DC.) H. Rob. (Kunth) G.L. Nesom
& Brettell Symphyotrichum novi-belgii
Roldana aschenborniana (S. Schauer) (L.) G.L. Nesom
H. Rob. & Brettell Symphyotrichum schaffneri (S.D.
Roldana barba-johannis (DC.) H. Sundb. & A.G. Jones) G.L. Nesom
Rob. & Brettell Tagetes erecta L.
Roldana hartwegii (Benth.) H. Rob. Tagetes filifolia Lag.
& Brettell Tagetes foetidissima DC.
Roldana marquezii (B.L. Turner) C. Tagetes lucida Cav.
Jeffrey Taraxacum mexicanum DC.
Roldana oaxacana (Hemsl.) H. Rob. Taraxacum officinale F.H. Wigg.
& Brettell Telanthophora grandifolia (Less.)
Roldana petasitis (Sims) H. Rob. H. Rob. & Brettell
& Brettel Telanthophora uspantanensis (J.M.
Roldana schaffneri (Sch. Bip. ex Coult.) H. Rob. & Brettell
Klatt) H. Rob. & Brettell Tetrachyron manicatum Schltdl.
Roldana sinuata B.L. Turner Tithonia diversifolia A. Gray
Sabazia sarmentosa Less. Tithonia longiradiata (Bertol.)
Sanvitalia procumbens Lam. S.F. Blake
Schistocarpha bicolor Less. Tithonia rotundifolia (Mill.)
Schistocarpha eupatorioides (Fenzl) S.F. Blake
Kuntze Tithonia tubiformis (Jacq.) Cass.
Schistocarpha pedicellata Klatt Tragoceros schiedeanum Less.
Schkuhria pinnata (Lam.) Kuntze Tridax purpusii Brandegee
ex Thell. Trigonospermum adenostemmoides
Sclerocarpus uniserialis Benth. Less.
& Hook. f. Trigonospermum annuum McVaugh
Senecio callosus Sch. Bip. & Lask.
Senecio deppeanus Hemsl. Verbesina angustifolia S.F. Blake
Senecio runcinatus Less. Verbesina crocata (Cav.) Less.
Senecio vulgaris L. Verbesina encelioides (Cav.) Benth.
Sigesbeckia agrestis Poepp. & Hook. f. ex A. Gray
Sigesbeckia jorullensis Kunth Verbesina hypoglauca Sch. Bip.
Simsia amplexicaulis Pers. ex Klatt
Simsia calva A. Gray Verbesina myriocephala Sch. Bip.
Sinclairia andromachioides Sch. ex Klatt
Bip. ex Hemsl. Verbesina ovatifolia A. Gray
Sinclairia discolor Hook. & Arn. ex Hemsl.
Sinclairia klattii (B.L. Rob. & Verbesina persicifolia DC.
Greenm.) H. Rob & Brettell Verbesina perymenioides Sch.
Smallanthus maculatus (Cav.) Bip. ex Klatt
H. Rob. Verbesina turbacensis Kunth
632
95 (4): 610-659, 2017
Vernonanthura patens (Kunth) H. Rob. Alnus jorullensis Kunth
Vernonia arctioides Less. Carpinus caroliniana Walter ◊
Viguiera cordata (Hook. & Arn.) Ostrya virginiana Koch ◊
D’Arcy BIGNONIACEAE
Viguiera grammatoglossa DC. Amphilophium molle Schltdl.
Wedelia acapulcensis Kunth & Cham.
Xanthium strumarium L. Amphitecna apiculata A.H. Gentry
Youngia japonica (L.) DC. Amphitecna latifolia (Mill.) A.H.
Zinnia americana (Mill.) Olorode Gentry
& A.M. Torres Amphitecna tuxtlensis A.H. Gentry
Zinnia peruviana (L.) L. Anemopaegma puberulum
ATHYRIACEAE (Seibert) Miranda
Diplazium cristatum Alston Arrabidaea blanchetii A. DC.
Diplazium donnell-smithii Christ Arrabidaea inaequalis Baill.
Diplazium franconis Liebm. Bignonia alliacea Lam.
Diplazium grandifolium Sw. Crescentia alata Kunth
Diplazium plantaginifolium Crescentia cujete L.
(L.) Urb. Cydista potosina (K. Schum. &
Diplazium striatum (L.) Presl Loes.) Loes.
Diplazium ternatum Liebm. Dolichandra quadrivalvis (Jacq.)
Diplazium urticifolium Christ L.G. Lohmann
BALSAMINACEAE Jacaranda mimosifolia D. Don
Impatiens walleriana Hook. f. Macfadyena unguis-cati (L.) A.H.
BASELLACEAE Gentry
Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis Mansoa verrucifera (Schltdl.) A.H.
Anredera vesicaria (Lam.) C.F. Gentry
Gaertn. Parmentiera aculeata (Kunth) Seem.
BATACEAE Pithecoctenium crucigerum (L.)
Batis maritima L. A.H. Gentry
BEGONIACEAE Podranea ricasoliana Sprague
Begonia barkeri Knowles & Westc. Tabebuia chrysantha (Jacq.) G.
Begonia cucullata Willd. Nicholson ◊
Begonia fischeri Schrank Tabebuia ochracea (Cham.) Standl.
Begonia fusca Liebm. Tabebuia rosea DC.
Begonia glabra Aubl. BIXACEAE
Begonia gracilis Kunth Amoreuxia wrightii A. Gray ◊
Begonia heracleifolia Cham. Bixa orellana L.
& Schltdl. BLECHNACEAE
Begonia incarnata Link & Otto Blechnum asplenioides Sw.
Begonia ludicra A. DC. Blechnum ensiforme (Liebm.)
Begonia maculata Raddi C. Chr.
Begonia manicata Brongn. Cels Blechnum falciforme (Liebm.)
ex Vis. C. Chr.
Begonia multinervia Liebm. Blechnum lehmannii Hieron.
Begonia multistaminea Burt-Utley Blechnum occidentale L.
Begonia nelumbonifolia Schltdl. Blechnum polypodioides Raddi
& Cham. Blechnum pteropus (Kuntze) Mett.
Begonia oaxacana A. DC. Blechnum schiedeanum (Pr.)
Begonia pudica L.B. Sm. & B.G. Hieron.
Schub. Blechnum stoloniferum Mett.
BERBERIDACEAE Blechnum varians (Fourn.) C. Chr.
Berberis lanceolata Benth. Woodwardia martinezii Maxon
Berberis tenuifolia Lindl. ex Weath.
Mahonia russellii N.P. Taylor Woodwardia spinulosa M. Martens
BETULACEAE & Galeotti
Alnus acuminata subsp. arguta Woodwardia × semicordata Mickel
(Schltdl.) Furlow & Beitel
633
95 (4): 610-659, 2017
BOMBACACEAE Pitcairnia densiflora Brongn.
Pseudobombax ellipticum (Kunth) Pitcairnia heterophylla (Lindl.) Beer
Dugand Pitcairnia imbricata (Brongn.) Regel
Quararibea funebris (La Llave) Pitcairnia karwinskyana Schult.
Vischer & Schult. f.
BORAGINACEAE Pitcairnia ringens Link, Klotzsch
Borago officinalis L. & Otto
Cordia dentata Poir. Pitcairnia schiedeana Baker
Cordia dodecandra DC. Racinaea ghiesbreghtii (Baker)
Cordia foliosa M. Martens & M.A. Spencer & L.B. Sm.
Galeotti Tillandsia balbisiana Schult. f.
Cordia inermis (Mill.) I.M. Johnst. Tillandsia belloensis W. Weber
Cordia linnaei Stearn Tillandsia brachycaulos Schltdl.
Cordia macrocephala (Desv.) Kunth Tillandsia butzii Mez
Cordia spinescens L. Tillandsia caput-medusae E.
Cynoglossum amabile Stapf & Morren
J.R. Drumm. Tillandsia chaetophylla Mez
Ehretia tinifolia L. Tillandsia concolor L.B. Sm. ◊
Hackelia mexicana I.M. Johnst. Tillandsia fasciculata Sw.
Heliotropium angiospermum Tillandsia filifolia Schltdl. & Cham.
Murray Tillandsia flexuosa Sw. ◊
Nama biflora Choisy Tillandsia grandis Schltdl.
Nama linearis D.L. Nash Tillandsia gymnobotrya Baker
Tournefortia acutiflora M. Martens Tillandsia heterophylla E. Morren
& Galeotti Tillandsia imperialis E. Morren ◊
Tournefortia bicolor Sw. ex Roezl
Tournefortia glabra L. Tillandsia juncea Poir.
Tournefortia mutabilis Vent. Tillandsia kirchhoffiana Wittm.
Wigandia urens Kunth Tillandsia leiboldiana Schltdl.
BRASSICACEAE Tillandsia lucida E. Morren ex Baker
Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. Tillandsia macrochlamys Baker
Brassica rapa L. Tillandsia multicaulis Steud.
Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medik. Tillandsia nolleriana Ehlers
Cardamine bonariensis Pers. Tillandsia polystachia (L.) L.
Cardamine fulcrata Greene Tillandsia pseudobaileyi C.S.
Descurainia pinnata (Walter) Britton Gardner
Lepidium schaffneri Thell. Tillandsia punctulata Schltdl.
Lepidium virginicum L. & Cham.
Lobularia maritima (L.) Desv. Tillandsia recurvata (L.) L.
Nasturtium officinale W.T. Aiton Tillandsia rubra Ruiz & Pav.
Raphanus raphanistrum L. Tillandsia schiedeana Steud.
Rorippa indica (L.) Hiern Tillandsia streptophylla Scheidw.
Sisymbrium irio L. Tillandsia tenuifolia L.
BROMELIACEAE Tillandsia tricolor Schltdl. & Cham. ◊
Aechmea bracteata Griseb. Tillandsia usneoides (L.) L.
Aechmea lueddemanniana (K. Koch) Tillandsia utriculata L.
Brongn. ex Mez Tillandsia variabilis Schltdl.
Aechmea nudicaulis (L.) Griseb. Tillandsia viridiflora Baker
Catopsis hahnii Baker BRUNELLIACEAE
Catopsis morreniana Mez Brunellia mexicana Standl.
Catopsis nutans Griseb. BURMANNIACEAE
Catopsis paniculata E. Morren Apteria aphylla Small
Catopsis sessiliflora Mez Dictyostega orobanchoides
Catopsis wangerinii Mez & Wercklé (Hook.) Miers
Greigia oaxacana L.B. Sm. BURSERACEAE
Hechtia schottii Baker Bursera arborea L. Riley ◊
Hechtia stenopetala Klotzsch Bursera cinerea Engl.
634
95 (4): 610-659, 2017
Bursera grandifolia Engl. Lobelia sartorii Vatke
Bursera graveolens Triana & Planch. Lobelia tarsophora Seaton ex Green
Bursera simaruba (L.) Sarg. Lobelia xalapensis Kunth
Protium copal (Schltdl. & Cham.) Triodanis perfoliata subsp. perfoliata
Engl. (L.) Nieuwl.
CACTACEAE CANNABACEAE
Acanthocereus tetragonus (L.) Appendix II Aphananthe monoica (Hemsl.)
Hummelinck J.-F. Leroy
Aporocactus flagelliformis Lem. Appendix II ◊ Celtis iguanaea (Jacq.) Sarg.
Aporocactus martianus Britton & Rose Appendix II Lozanella enantiophylla (Donn. Sm.)
Cylindropuntia imbricata (Haw.) Appendix II Killip & C.V. Morton
F.M. Knuth Trema micrantha (L.) Blume
Disocactus ackermannii (Lindl.) Appendix II CANNACEAE
Barthlott Canna generalis L.H. Bailey &
Disocactus phyllanthoides (DC.) Appendix II ◊ E.Z. Bailey
Barthlott Canna indica L.
Epiphyllum caudatum Britton & Rose Appendix II CAPPARACEAE
Epiphyllum crenatum (Lindl.) G. Don Appendix II Capparidastrum discolor (Donn. Sm.)
Epiphyllum oxypetalum Haw. Appendix II Cornejo & Iltis
Epiphyllum hookeri Haw. Appendix II Capparidastrum mollicellum (Standl.)
Hylocereus undatus (Haw.) Britton Appendix II Cornejo & Iltis
& Rose Capparidastrum quiriguense (Standl.)
Mammillaria eriacantha Link & Otto Appendix II Cornejo & Iltis
ex Pfeiff. Capparis flexuosa (L.) L.
Mammillaria sartorii J.A. Purpus Appendix II Crateva tapia L.
Neobuxbaumia euphorbioides (Haw.) Appendix II Morisonia americana L.
Buxb. Quadrella incana (Kunth) Iltis
Nopalxochia phyllanthoides (DC.) Appendix II & Cornejo
Britton & Rose Quadrella pringlei (Briq.) Iltis
Opuntia decumbens Salm-Dyck Appendix II & Cornejo
Opuntia stricta (Haw.) Haw. Appendix II CAPRIFOLIACEAE
Pereskiopsis kellermanii Rose Abelia floribunda Decne.
Pilosocereus leucocephalus (Poselger) Appendix II Lonicera japonica Thunb.
Byles & G.D. Rowley Valeriana clematitis Kunth
Pterocereus gaumeri (Britton & Rose) Appendix II ◊ Valeriana scandens Loefl.
Th. MacDougall & Miranda Valeriana urticifolia var. scorpioides
Rhipsalis baccifera (Sol.) Stearn Appendix II (DC.) Barrie
Selenicereus grandiflorus (L.) Britton Appendix II CARICACEAE
& Rose Carica cauliflora Jacq.
Selenicereus hamatus (Scheidw.) Appendix II Carica papaya L.
Britton & Rose Jacaratia mexicana A. DC.
Selenicereus testudo (Karw. ex Zucc.) Appendix II CARYOPHYLLACEAE
Buxb. Arenaria decussata D.F.K. Schltdl.
Stenocereus griseus (Haw.) Buxb. Appendix II ex D.F.K. Schltdl.
Stenocereus pruinosus (Otto ex Pfeiff.) Appendix II Arenaria lanuginosa (Michx.) Rohrb.
Buxb. Arenaria lycopodioides Willd. ex
CALCEOLARIACEAE D.F.K. Schltdl.
Calceolaria mexicana Benth. Arenaria reptans Hemsl.
Calceolaria tripartita Ruiz & Pav. Cerastium glomeratum Thuill.
CAMPANULACEAE Drymaria cordata (L.) Willd. ex
Centropogon grandidentatus (Schltdl.) Roem. & Schult.
Zahlbr. Drymaria glandulosa Bartl.
Diastatea micrantha (Kunth) McVaugh Drymaria gracilis Cham. & Schltdl.
Hippobroma longiflora (L.) G. Don Drymaria villosa Cham. & Schltdl.
Lobelia cardinalis L. Stellaria media (L.) Vill.
Lobelia laxiflora subsp. laxiflora Kunth Stellaria nemorum L.
Lobelia picta B.L. Rob. & Seaton Stellaria ovata Willd. ex D.F.K. Schltdl.
635
95 (4): 610-659, 2017
CASUARINACEAE COCHLOSPERMACEAE
Casuarina equisetifolia L. Cochlospermum vitifolium (Willd.)
CELASTRACEAE Spreng.
Casearia aculeata Jacq. COMBRETACEAE
Celastrus pringlei Rose Combretum farinosum Kunth
Elaeodendron trichotomum (Turcz.) Combretum fruticosum (Loefl.) Stuntz
Lundell COMMELINACEAE
Euonymus benthamii Lundell Aneilema geniculatum (Jacq.)
Euonymus occidentalis Nutt. Ex Torr. Woodson
Hippocratea volubilis L. Callisia fragrans (Lindl.) Woodson
Maytenus texana Lundell Callisia multiflora (M. Martens &
Perrottetia longistylis Rose Galeotti) Standl.
Perrottetia ovata Hemsl. Callisia repens L.
Pristimera celastroides (Kunth) Campelia zanonia (L.) Kunth
A.C. Sm. Commelina diffusa Burm. f.
Quetzalia schiedeana (Loes.) Lundell Commelina rufipes var. glabrata (D.R.
Quetzalia stipitata (Lundell) Lundell Hunt) Faden & D.R. Hunt
Wimmeria bartlettii Lundell Commelina tuberosa L.
Wimmeria concolor Schltdl. & Cham. Gibasis geniculata (Jacq.) Rohweder
Wimmeria persicifolia Radlk. Gibasis oaxacana D.R. Hunt
Zinowiewia integerrima Turcz. Gibasis pellucida (M. Martens &
CERATOPHYLLACEAE Galeotti) D.R. Hunt
Ceratophyllum demersum L. Phaeosphaerion leiocarpum Hassk.
CHLORANTHACEAE ex C.B. Clarke
Hedyosmum mexicanum C. Cordem. Tinantia erecta (Jacq.) Fenzl
CHRYSOBALANACEAE Tinantia standleyi Steyerm.
Couepia polyandra Rose Tradescantia commelinoides Schult.
Hirtella triandra Sw. & Schult. f.
Licania platypus Fritsch Tradescantia pallida (Rose) D.R. Hunt
CIBOTIACEAE Tradescantia spathacea Sw.
Cibotium schiedei Schltdl. & Cham. Tradescantia zanonia (L.) Sw.
CISTACEAE Tradescantia zebrina Bosse
Helianthemum coulteri S. Watson Tripogandra disgrega (Kunth) Woodson
CLEOMACEAE Tripogandra purpurascens (S. Schauer)
Andinocleome magnifica (Briq.) Handlos
Iltis & Cochrane Tripogandra serrulata (Vahl) Handlos
Cleome aculeata L. CONNARACEAE
Cleome gigantea L. Rourea glabra Kunth
Cleome guianensis Aubl. CONVOLVULACEAE
Cleome gynandra L. Convolvulus nodiflorus Desr.
Cleome speciosa Raf. Cuscuta boldinghii Urb.
Cleome spinosa Jacq. Cuscuta jalapensis Schltdl.
Cleome viscosa L. Cuscuta mitriformis Engelm. ex Hemsl.
Tarenaya hassleriana (Chodat) Iltis Dichondra argentea Humb. &
CLETHRACEAE Bonpl. ex Willd.
Clethra lanata M. Martens & Galeotti Dichondra sericea Sw.
Clethra macrophylla M. Martens Evolvulus alsinoides L.
& Galeotti Ipomoea affinis M. Martens & Galeotti
Clethra mexicana DC. Ipomoea arborescens (Humb. &
Clethra pringlei S. Watson Bonpl. ex Willd.) G. Don
CLUSIACEAE Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.
Clusia guatemalensis Hemsl. Ipomoea batatoides Choisy
Clusia lundellii Standl. Ipomoea carnea Jacq. subsp. fistulosa
Clusia quadrangula Bartlett (Mart. ex Choisy) D.F. Austin
Garcinia intermedia (Pittier) Ipomoea cholulensis Kunth
Hamel Mammea americana L. Ipomoea costellata Torr.
Ipomoea dumosa (Benth.) L.O. Williams
636
95 (4): 610-659, 2017
Ipomoea hastigera Kunth CUCURBITACEAE
Ipomoea hederifolia L. Cucumis anguria L.
Ipomoea imperati (Vahl) Griseb. Cucumis sativus L.
Ipomoea indica (Burm.) Merr. Cucurbita ficifolia Bouché
Ipomoea jalapa (L.) Pursh Cucurbita martinezii L.H. Bailey
Ipomoea lindenii M. Martens Cucurbita maxima Duchesne
& Galeotti Cyclanthera dissecta (Torr. &
Ipomoea mairetii Choisy A. Gray) Arn.
Ipomoea neei (Spreng.) O’Donell Cyclanthera explodens Naudin
Ipomoea nil (L.) Roth Cyclanthera langaei Cogn.
Ipomoea pauciflora M. Martens Cyclanthera ribiflora Cogn.
& Galeotti Cyclanthera tamnoides Cogn.
Ipomoea purga Hayne Doyerea emetocathartica Grosourdy
Ipomoea purpurea (L.) Roth Hanburia mexicana Seem.
Ipomoea setosa Ker Gawl. Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.
Ipomoea wolcottiana Rose Luffa cylindrica M. Roem.
Jacquemontia oaxacana (Meisn.) Melothria pendula L.
Hallier f. Microsechium palmatum Cogn.
Jacquemontia sphaerostigma Rusby Momordica charantia L.
Jacquemontia tamnifolia (L.) Griseb. Sechium edule Sw.
Merremia dissecta Hallier f. Sicydium schiedeanum Schltdl.
Merremia quinquefolia Hallier f. Sicyos longisepalus Cogn.
Merremia umbellata (L.) Hallier f. Sicyos microphyllus Kunth
Turbina corymbosa (L.) Raf. Vaseyanthus insularis Rose
CORNACEAE CUNONIACEAE
Cornus disciflora Moc. & Sessé ex DC. Weinmannia balbisiana Kunth
Cornus excelsa Kunth Weinmannia pinnata L.
Costus dirzoi García-Mend. & CUPRESSACEAE
Ibarra-Manr. Cupressus lindleyi Klotzsch ex Endl.
Costus pictus D. Don ex Lindl. Cupressus lusitanica Mill. ◊
Costus pulverulentus C. Presl Taxodium mucronatum Ten.
CRASSULACEAE CYATHEACEAE
Bryophyllum delagoensis (Eckl. & Cyathea bicrenata Liebm. Appendix II
Zeyh.) Schinz Cyathea divergens Kunze ◊
Echeveria amoena D. Smet ex E. Morren Cyathea divergens var. tuerckheimii Appendix II
Echeveria atropurpurea (Baker) (Maxon) R.M. Tryon
É. Morren Cyathea fulva Fée Appendix II ◊
Echeveria microcalyx Britton & Rose Nephelea mexicana (Schltdl. & Cham.) ◊
Echeveria racemosa var. citrina R.M. Tryon
Kimnach Sphaeropteris horrida (Liebm.) R.M. Tryon ◊
Echeveria rosea Lindl. Trichipteris schiedeana (C. Presl)
Kalanchoe pinnata Pers. R.M. Tryon
Sedum adolphi Raym.-Hamet CYCLANTHACEAE
Sedum botterii Hemsl. Asplundia labela (R.E. Schult.) Harling
Sedum confusum Hemsl. Asplundia liebmanniii Harling
Sedum dendroideum Moc. & CYPERACEAE
Sessé ex DC. Bulbostylis capillaris (L.) Kunth
Sedum goldmanii (Rose) Moran ex C.B. Clarke
Sedum hemsleyanum Rose Bulbostylis juncoides (Vahl) Kük.
Sedum hultenii Fröd. ex Osten
Sedum moranense Kunth Carex chordalis Liebm.
Sedum nussbaumerianum Bitter Carex longii Mack.
Sedum palmeri S. Watson Carex lurida Wahlenb.
Villadia jurgensenii (Hemsl.) Jacobsen Carex melanosperma Liebm.
Villadia mexicana (Schltdl.) H. Carex perlonga Fernald
Jacobsen Carex physorhyncha Liebm. ex Steud.
Carex polystachya Sw. ex Wahlenb.
637
95 (4): 610-659, 2017
Carex standleyana Steyerm. DILLENIACEAE
Carex vulpinoidea Michx. Tetracera erecta Sessé & Moc. ex DC.
Cyperus aggregatus Endl. DIOSCOREACEAE
Cyperus digitatus Roxb. Dioscorea composita Hemsl.
Cyperus filiculmis Vahl Dioscorea convolvulacea Cham. &
Cyperus flavus J. Presl & C. Presl Schltdl.
Cyperus haspan L. Dioscorea cruzensis R. Knuth
Cyperus hermaphroditus Standl. Dioscorea floribunda M. Martens &
Cyperus involucratus Rottb. Galeotti
Cyperus laxus Lam. Dioscorea mexicana Scheidw.
Cyperus luzulae (L.) Rottb. ex Retz. Dioscorea pallens Schltdl.
Cyperus mutisii Andersson Dioscorea polygonoides Humb. &
Cyperus odoratus L. Bonpl. ex Willd.
Cyperus spectabilis Link Dioscorea spiculiflora var.
Cyperus tenuis Sw. fasciculocongesta V. Sosa & B.G.
Cyperus thyrsiflorus Jungh. DRYOPTERIDACEAE
Cyperus virens Michx. Arachniodes denticulata (Sw.) Ching
Eleocharis geniculata (L.) Roem. Bolbitis hastata (E. Fourn.) Hennipman
& Schult. Bolbitis semipinnatifida (Fée) Alston
Eleocharis minima Kunth Ctenitis equestris var. equestris
Eleocharis montana Roem. & Schult. (Kunze) Ching
Eleocharis nervata Svenson Ctenitis melanosticta (Kunze) Copel.
Fimbristylis autumnalis Roem. & Schult. Cystopteris fragilis (L.) Bernh.
Kyllinga brevifolia Rottb. Didymochlaena truncatula (Sw.) J. Sm.
Kyllinga odorata Vahl Dryopteris filix-mas (L.) Schott
Kyllinga pumila Michx. Dryopteris maxonii Underw. & C. Chr.
Rhynchospora nervosa Boeckeler Dryopteris patula (Sw.) Underw.
Rhynchospora aristata Boeckeler Dryopteris wallichiana (Spreng.) Hyl.
Rhynchospora corymbosa (L.) Britton Elaphoglossum davidsei Mickel
Rhynchospora dives Standl. Elaphoglossum guatemalense
Rhynchospora polyphylla (Vahl) Vahl (Klotzsch) T. Moore
Rhynchospora radicans subsp. radicans Elaphoglossum mesoamericanum
(Schltdl. & Cham.) H. Pfeiff. A. Rojas
Rhynchospora schiedeana Kunth Elaphoglossum obovatum Mickel
Rhynchospora scutellata Griseb. Elaphoglossum petiolatum (Sw.) Urb.
Scleria bracteata Cav. Elaphoglossum seminudum Mickel
Scleria macrophylla J. Presl & C. Presl Elaphoglossum vestitum (Schltdl.
Scleria melaleuca Rchb. ex Schltdl. & Cham.) T. Moore
& Cham. Lastreopsis effusa (Sw.) Tindale
Scleria oligantha Michx. Megalastrum subincisum (Willd.) A.R.
Uncinia hamata Urb. Sm. & R.C. Moran
CYTINACEAE Phanerophlebia gastonyi Yatsk.
Bdallophytum americanum (R. Br.) Phanerophlebia macrosora (Baker)
Harms Underw.
DAVALLIACEAE Phanerophlebia nobilis var. remotispora
Nephrolepis exaltata (L.) Schott (E. Fourn.) Yatsk.
DENNSTAEDTIACEAE Phanerophlebia remotispora E. Fourn.
Dennstaedtia bipinnata (Cav.) Maxon Polystichum hartwegii (Klotzsch) Hieron.
Dennstaedtia dissecta (Sw.) T. Moore Polystichum mickelii A.R. Sm.
Hypolepis blepharochlaena Mickel Polystichum muricatum Fée
& Beitel Stigmatopteris longicaudata (Liebm.)
Pteridium caudatum (L.) Maxon C. Chr.
DICKSONIACEAE EBENACEAE
Dicksonia sellowiana Hook. Appendix II ◊ Diospyros riojae Gómez Pompa ◊
Lophosoria quadripinnata (J.F. Gmel.) Diospyros verae-crucis Standl.
C. Chr. EQUISETACEAE
Equisetum giganteum L.
638
95 (4): 610-659, 2017
Equisetum hyemale L. Cnidoscolus aconitifolius (Mill.)
Equisetum myriochaetum Schltdl. & Cham. I.M. Johnst.
ERICACEAE Cnidoscolus multilobus (Pax) I.M.
Agarista mexicana (Hemsl.) Judd Johnst.
Andromeda squamulosa D. Don Cnidoscolus tubulosus I.M. Johnst.
Arbutus xalapensis Kunth Codiaeum variegatum (L.) A. Juss.
Bejaria aestuans Loefl. Croton billbergianus Müll. Arg.
Chimaphila maculata (L.) Pursh Croton ciliatoglandulifer Ortega
Chimaphila umbellata (L.) W.P.C. Barton Croton ciliatoglandulosus Ortega
Comarostaphylis discolor (Hook.) Diggs ◊ ex Steud.
Gaultheria acuminata Cham. & Schltdl. Croton discolor Willd.
Gaultheria erecta Banks & Sol. Ex Croton draco Schltdl.
Hook. f. Croton flavens L.
Lyonia ferruginea (Walter) Nutt. Croton hirtus L’Hér.
Lyonia squamulosa M. Martens & Croton liebmannii Müll. Arg.
Galeotti Croton lobatus L.
Monotropa uniflora L. Croton miradorensis Müll. Arg.
Pernettya prostrata Sleumer Croton nitens Sw.
Pyrola angustifolia (Alef.) Hemsl. Croton niveus Jacq.
Vaccinium confertum Kunth Croton panamensis Müll. Arg.
Vaccinium leucanthum Schltdl. Croton punctatus Retz.
EUPHORBIACEAE Croton reflexifolius Kunth
Acalypha adenostachya Müll. Arg. Croton repens Schltdl.
Acalypha alopecuroidea Jacq. Croton schiedeanus Schltdl.
Acalypha arvensis Poepp. Croton soliman Cham. & Schltdl.
Acalypha botteriana Müll. Arg. Croton stipulaceus Kunth
Acalypha diversifolia Jacq. Croton suberosus Kunth
Acalypha hispida Burm. f. Croton xalapensis Kunth
Acalypha indica L. Dalechampia scandens L.
Acalypha leptopoda Müll. Arg. Ditaxis guatemalensis Pax & K. Hoffm.
Acalypha longistipularis Müll. Arg. Euphorbia prostrata Aiton Appendix II
Acalypha mollis Kunth Euphorbia calcarata (Schltdl.) Appendix II
Acalypha neomexicana Müll. Arg. V.W. Steinm.
Acalypha pohliana Müll. Arg. Euphorbia cyathophora Murray Appendix II
Acalypha poiretii Spreng. Euphorbia cymosa Poir. Appendix II
Acalypha schiedeana Schltdl. Euphorbia delicatula Boiss. Appendix II
Acalypha schlechtendaliana Müll. Arg. Euphorbia densiflora (Klotzsch & Appendix II
Acalypha schlumbergeri Müll. Arg. Garcke) Klotzsch
Acalypha setosa A. Rich. Euphorbia dentata Michx. Appendix II
Acalypha subviscida S. Watson Euphorbia dioeca Kunth Appendix II
Acalypha villosa Jacq. Euphorbia filiformis (P.R.O. Bally) Bruyns Appendix II
Acalypha wilkesiana Müll. Arg. Euphorbia finkii (Boiss.) V.W. Steinm. Appendix II ◊
Adelia barbinervis Cham. & Schltdl. Euphorbia graminea Jacq. Appendix II
Adelia oaxacana Hemsl. Euphorbia heterophylla L. Appendix II
Alchornea latifolia Sw. Euphorbia hirta L. Appendix II
Argythamnia heterantha (Zucc.) Euphorbia hypericifolia L. Appendix II
Müll. Arg. Euphorbia hyssopifolia L. Appendix II
Bernardia dodecandra (Sessé ex Euphorbia ixtlana Huft Appendix II
Cav.) McVaugh Euphorbia lancifolia Schltdl. Appendix II
Bernardia macrocarpa A.Cerv. Euphorbia macropus Boiss. Appendix II
& Flores Olv. Euphorbia maculata L. Appendix II
Bernardia mexicana Müll. Arg. Euphorbia marginata Pursh Appendix II
Caperonia palustris Kunth Euphorbia mendezii Boiss. Appendix II
Chamaesyce densiflora (Klotzsch Euphorbia neriifolia L.
& Garcke) Millsp. Euphorbia nutans Lag. Appendix II
Chamaesyce hirta (L.) Millsp. Euphorbia ocymoidea L. Appendix II
Chamaesyce stictospora (Engelm.) Small Euphorbia orizabae Boiss. Appendix II
639
95 (4): 610-659, 2017
Euphorbia schlechtendalii Boiss. Appendix II Calliandra spraguei (Britton & Rose)
Euphorbia subreniformis S. Watson Appendix II Lundell
Euphorbia tithymaloides L. Appendix II Calliandra tergemina (L.) Benth.
Euphorbia xalapensis Kunth Appendix II Calopogonium mucunoides Desv.
Garcia nutans Rohr Canavalia brasiliensis Mart. ex Benth.
Gymnanthes actinostemoides Müll. Arg. Cassia grandis L. f.
Gymnanthes longipes Müll. Arg. Centrosema pascuorum Mart. ex Benth.
Gymnanthes riparia Klotzsch Centrosema plumieri Benth.
Jatropha curcas L. Centrosema virginianum (L.) Benth.
Jatropha podagrica Hook. Chamaecrista diphylla (L.) Greene
Manihot aesculifolia Pohl Chamaecrista glandulosa Greene
Manihot rhomboidea Mull Arg. Chamaecrista hispidula (Vahl) H.S.
Pleradenophora tuerckheimiana (Pax Irwin & Barneby
& K. Hoffm.) A. L. Melo & Esser Chamaecrista kunthiana (Schltdl.) &
Plukenetia volubilis L. Cham.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby
Ricinus communis L. Chamaecrista rufa Britton & Rose
Sapium lateriflorum Hemsl. Chloroleucon mangense (Jacq.)
Sebastiania pavoniana Müll. Arg. Britton & Rose
Tragia nepetifolia Cav. Clitoria falcata Lam.
Tragia yucatanensis Millsp. Clitoria mexicana Link
FABACEAE Cojoba arborea (L.) Britton & Rose
Abrus precatorius L. Cologania broussonetii DC.
Acacia angustissima (Mill.) Kuntze Cologania hirta Rose
Acacia berlandieri Benth. Coursetia caribaea var. caribaea
Acacia glauca (L.) Moench (Jacq.) Lavin
Acacia macracantha Humb. & Bonpl. Crotalaria bupleurifolia Schltdl. & Cham.
ex Willd. Crotalaria incana L.
Acacia sphaerocephala Cham. & Schltdl. Crotalaria maypurensis Kunth
Acacia tortuosa (L.) Willd. Crotalaria micans Link
Aeschynomene fascicularis Cham. Crotalaria nitens Kunth
& Schltdl. Crotalaria pumila Ortega
Aeschynomene purpusii Brandegee Crotalaria quercetorum Brandegee
Albizia tomentosa Standl. Crotalaria rotundifolia (Walter) J.F. Gmel.
Amicia zygomeris DC. Crotalaria rzedowskii J. Espinosa
Amphicarpaea bracteata (L.) Fernald Crotalaria sagittalis L.
Andira inermis (W. Wright) DC. Dalbergia monetaria L.f.
Arachis hypogaea L. Dalea carthagenensis (Jacq.) J.F. Macbr.
Bauhinia divaricata L. Dalea foliolosa (Aiton) Barneby var.
Bauhinia latifolia Cav. citrina (Rydb.) Barneby
Bauhinia mexicana Vogel Dalea leporina (Aiton) Bullock
Bauhinia purpurea L. Dalea scandens var. scandens (Mill.)
Caesalpinia bonduc Roxb. R.T. Clausen
Caesalpinia cacalaco Bonpl. Desmanthus virgatus (L.) Willd.
Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Sw. Desmodium adscendens (Sw.) DC.
Cajanus cajan (L.) Huth Desmodium affine Schltdl.
Calliandra anomala (Kunth) J.F. Macbr. Desmodium angustifolium (Kunth) DC.
Calliandra capillata Benth. Desmodium axillare DC.
Calliandra emarginata (Humb. & Desmodium caripense (Kunth) G. Don
Bonpl. ex Willd.) Benth. Desmodium distortum (Aubl.) J.F. Macbr.
Calliandra houstoniana (Mill.) Standl. Desmodium glutinosum (Muhl. ex
Calliandra laxa (Willd.) Benth. Willd.) Wood
Calliandra palmeri S. Watson Desmodium grahamii A. Gray
Calliandra portoricensis (Jacq.) Benth. Desmodium helleri Peyr.
Calliandra rubescens (M. Martens Desmodium incanum (G.Mey.) DC.
& Galeotti) Standl. Desmodium infractum DC.
Calliandra rupestris Brandegee Desmodium intortum (Mill.) Urb.
Desmodium leptoclados Hemsl.
640
95 (4): 610-659, 2017
Desmodium nicaraguense Oerst. Ex Macroptilium gibbosifolium (Ortega)
Benth. & Orst. A. Delgado
Desmodium nudiflorum (L.) DC. Macroptilium lathyroides (L.) Urb
Desmodium orbiculare Schltdl. Marina scopa Barneby
Desmodium plicatum Cham. & Schltdl. Medicago lupulina L.
Desmodium prehensile Schltdl. Melilotus indicus (L.) All.
Desmodium procumbens (Mill.) Hitchc. Mimosa affinis B.L. Rob.
Desmodium psilophyllum Schltdl. Mimosa albida Humb. & Bonpl.
Desmodium purpusii Brandegee ex Willd.
Desmodium sessilifolium Torr. Mimosa caerulea Rose
& A. Gray Mimosa ervendbergii A. Gray
Desmodium strobilaceum Schltdl. Mimosa invisa Mart. ex Colla
Desmodium tortuosum (Sw.) DC. Mimosa pigra L.
Diphysa carthagenensis Jacq. Mimosa polyantha Willd.
Diphysa macrophylla Lundell Mimosa pudica L.
Diphysa minutifolia Rose Mucuna argyrophylla Standl.
Diphysa sennoides Benth. ex Mucuna jarocha T.M. Moura, Mansano,
Benth. & Oerst. Gereau & A.M.G. Azevedo
Dussia mexicana Harms Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC.
Enterolobium cyclocarpum Phaseolus anisotrichos Schltdl.
(Jacq.) Griseb. Phaseolus coccineus L.
Eriosema diffusum G. Don Phaseolus glabellus Piper
Eriosema grandiflorum G. Don Phaseolus lunatus L.
Erythrina americana Mill. Phaseolus pedicellatus Benth.
Erythrina berenices Krukoff & Barneby Phaseolus vulgaris L.
Erythrina flabelliformis Kearney Piscidia piscipula (L.) Sarg.
Erythrina folkersii Krukoff & Moldenke Pithecellobium lanceolatum Benth.
Eysenhardtia polystachya (Ortega) Sarg. Rhynchosia erythrinoides Schltdl.
Galactia striata Urb. & Cham.
Gliricidia sepium Kunth Rhynchosia longeracemosa M.
Indigofera jamaicensis Spreng. Martens & Galeotti
Indigofera thibaudiana DC. Rhynchosia phaseoloides (Sw.) DC.
Inga flexuosa Graham Rhynchosia pyramidalis Urb.
Inga jinicuil Schltdl. Senna atomaria (L.) H.S. Irwin &
Inga latibracteata Harms Barneby
Inga micheliana Harms Senna bacillaris (L.f.) H.S. Irwin &
Inga paterno Harms Barneby
Inga punctata Willd. Senna cobanensis (Britton) H.S. Irwin
Inga sapindoides Willd. & Barneby
Inga vera Willd. Senna didymobotrya (Fresen.) H. S.
Lennea brunnescens Standl. Irwin & Barnby
Lennea melanocarpa Vatke ex Harms Senna fruticosa (Mill.) H.S. Irwin
Leucaena diversifolia Benth. & Barneby
Leucaena lanceolata S. Watson Senna leiophylla (Vogel) H.S. Irwin
Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit & Barneby
Leucaena pulverulenta Benth. Senna mexicana (Jacq.) H.S. Irwin
Lonchocarpus guatemalensis Benth. & Barneby
Lonchocarpus santarosanus Donn. Sm. Senna multiglandulosa (Jacq.) H.S.
Lotus angustifolius Gouan Irwin & Barneby
Lupinus elegans Kunth Senna occidentalis (L.) Link
Lysiloma acapulcense (Kunth) Benth. Senna pallida (Vahl) H.S. Irwin &
Lysiloma auritum (Schltdl.) Benth. Barneby
Lysiloma divaricatum Benth Senna papillosa (Britton & Rose) H.S.
Lysiloma microphyllum Benth. Irwin & Barneby
Machaerium biovulatum Micheli Senna pendula (Humb. & Bonpl. ex
Machaerium chiapense Brandegee Willd.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby
Macroptilium atropurpureum Urb.
641
95 (4): 610-659, 2017
Senna septemtrionalis (Viv.) H.S. Quercus sebifera Trel.
Irwin & Barneby Quercus splendens Née
Senna spectabilis (DC.) H.S. Irwin Quercus xalapensis Bonpl.
& Barneby GARRYACEAE
Senna uniflora (Mill.) H.S. Irwin & Garrya laurifolia Hartw. ex Benth.
Barneby GELSEMIACEAE
Senna villosa (Mill.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby Gelsemium sempervirens (L.) J. St.- Hil.
Stylosanthes guianensis (Aubl.) Sw. GENTIANACEAE
Stylosanthes humilis Kunth Gentiana ovatiloba Kusnezow
Stylosanthes viscosa (L.) Sw. Gentiana spathacea Kunth ◊
Tamarindus indica L. Halenia brevicornis (Kunth) G. Don
Tephrosia belizensis Lundell Halenia schiedeana Griseb.
Tephrosia nitens Benth. GERANIACEAE
Tephrosia vicioides Schltdl. Erodium cicutarium (L.) L’Hér. ex Aiton
Teramnus labialis (L.f.) Spreng. Geranium schiedeanum Schltdl.
Trifolium amabile Kunth Geranium seemannii Peyr.
Trifolium repens L. Pelargonium peltatum (L.) L’Hér.
Vicia faba L. GESNERIACEAE
Vigna luteola (Jacq.) Benth. Besleria cyrtanthemum Hanst.
Vigna speciosa (Kunth) Verdc. Columnea schiedeana Schltdl.
Vigna vexillata (L.) A. Rich. Kohleria deppeana (Schltdl. & Cham.)
Zapoteca Formosa (Kunth) H.M. Hern. Fritsch
Zapoteca lambertiana (G. Don) Kohleria elegans Loes.
H.M. Hern. Kohleria papillosa Fritsch
Zapoteca portoricensis (Jacq.) Kohleria rugata (Scheidw.) L.P. Kvist
H.M. Hern. & L.E. Skog
Zornia reticulata Sm. Kohleria spicata (Kunth) Oerst.
Zygia cognata (Schltdl.) Britton & Rose Kohleria viminalis Brandegee
FAGACEAE Moussonia deppeana (Schltdl. &
Fagus grandifolia Ehrh. var. mexicana ◊ Cham.) Hanst.
(Martínez) Little Moussonia fruticosa (Brandegee) Wiehler
Quercus acutifolia Née Moussonia triflora Hanst.
Quercus affinis Scheidw. Rhynchoglossum azureum (Schltdl.)
Quercus candicans Née B.L. Burtt
Quercus castanea Née Sinningia speciosa Hiern
Quercus conspersa Benth Smithiantha zebrine Kuntze
Quercus cortesii Liebm. Solenophora glomerata Weigend
Quercus crassifolia Bonpl. & Förther
Quercus crassipes Bonpl. GLEICHENIACEAE
Quercus depressa Bonpl. Diplopterygium bancroftii (Hook. )
Quercus elliptica Née A.R. Sm.
Quercus germana Schltdl. & Cham. Gleichenella pectinata (Willd.) Ching
Quercus ghiesbreghtii M. Martens & Gleichenia palmata (Schaffn.) T. Moore
Galeotti Sticherus bifidus (Willd.) Ching
Quercus glabrescens Benth. GUNNERACEAE
Quercus laeta Liebm. Gunnera mexicana Brandegee
Quercus lancifolia Schltdl. & Cham. HAMAMELIDACEAE
Quercus laurina Bonpl. Hamamelis virginiana L.
Quercus obtusata Bonpl. Matudaea trinervia Lundell ◊
Quercus oleoides Schltdl. & Cham. HELICONIACEAE
Quercus peduncularis Née Heliconia adflexa Standl.
Quercus pinnativenulosa C.H. Mull. Heliconia latispatha Benth.
Quercus polymorpha Schltdl. & Cham. Heliconia schiedeana Klotzsch
Quercus rugosa Née Heliconia wagneriana Petersen
Quercus salicifolia Née HERNANDIACEAE
Quercus sapotifolia Liebm. Gyrocarpus americanus Jacq.
Quercus sartorii Liebm. Hernandia sonora L.
642
95 (4): 610-659, 2017
Hernandia wendtii Espejo JUNCACEAE
HYDRANGEACEAE Juncus effusus L.
Hydrangea hortensis Sm. Luzula caricina E. Mey.
Hydrangea macrophylla (Thunb.) Ser. LACISTEMATACEAE
Hydrangea nebulicola Nevling & ◊ Lacistema aggregatum (P.J. Bergius) Rusby
Gómez Pompa LAMIACEAE
Philadelphus affinis Schltdl. Aegiphila deppeana Steud.
Philadelphus mexicanus Schltdl. Agastache mexicana (Kunth) H.P.
Philadelphus pueblanus S.Y. Hu Kelsey & Dayton
HYMENOPHYLLACEAE Agastache palmeri (B.L. Rob.) Standl.
Hymenophyllum fucoides Sw. Asterohyptis mociniana (Benth.) Epling
Hymenophyllum hirsutum (L.) Sw. Asterohyptis stellulata (Benth.) Epling
Hymenophyllum polyanthos (Sw.) Sw. Clerodendrum bungei Steud.
Hymenophyllum trapezoidale Liebm. Clerodendrum japonicum (Thunb.)
Hymenophyllum tunbridgense (L.) Sm. Sweet
Trichomanes bucinatum Mickel & Beitel Clerodendrum ligustrinum R. Br.
Trichomanes capillaceum L. Clerodendrum philippinum Schauer
Trichomanes collariatum Bosch Clerodendrum thomsoniae Balf.
Trichomanes crispum L. Clinopodium brownei (Sw.) Kuntze
Trichomanes hymenophylloides Bosch Cornutia pyramidata L.
Trichomanes krausii Hook. & Grev. Cunila lythrifolia Benth.
Trichomanes radicans Sw. Cunila polyantha Benth.
Trichomanes reptans Sw. Hedeoma piperita Benth.
HYPERICACEAE Hyptis albida Kunth
Ascyrum hypericoides L. Hyptis atrorubens Poit.
Hypericum formosum Kunth Hyptis capitata Jacq.
Hypericum hypericoides (L.) Crantz Hyptis pectinata Poit.
Hypericum oaxacanum R. Keller ex N. Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit.
Robson subsp. veracrucense N. Robson Hyptis urticoides Kunth
Hypericum pratense Cham. &Schltdl. Leonurus japonicus Houtt.
Hypericum silenoides Juss. Lepechinia caulescens (Ortega) Epling
Hypericum simulans Rose Lepechinia schiedeana Vatke
HYPOXIDACEAE Marrubium vulgare L.
Hypoxis decumbens L. Marsypianthes chamaedrys (Vahl)
IRIDACEAE Kuntze
Alophia veracruzana Goldblatt & Melissa officinalis L.
T.M. Howard Mentha spicata L.
Eleutherine latifolia (Standl. & L.O. Monarda malloryi Gilly
Williams) Ravenna Ocimum basilicum L.
Neomarica gracilis Sprague Ocimum carnosum (Spreng.) Link &
Neomarica variegata (M. Martens & Otto ex Benth
Galeotti) Henrich & Goldblatt Origanum vulgare L.
Orthrosanthus exsertus (R.C. Foster) Pogostemon cablin Benth.
Ravenna Prunella vulgaris L.
Sisyrinchium angustifolium Mill. Rosmarinus officinalis L.
Sisyrinchium convolutum Nocca Salvia albiflora M. Martens & Galeotti
Sisyrinchium micranthum Cav. Salvia arthrocoma Fernald
Sisyrinchium scabrum Schltdl. & Cham Salvia biserrata M. Martens & Galeotti
Sisyrinchium schaffneri S. Watson Salvia carnea Kunth
Sisyrinchium tinctorium Kunth Salvia chazaroana B.L. Turner
Tigridia pavonia (L. f.) DC. Salvia coccinea Buc’hoz ex Etl.
Tritonia × crocosmiiflora G. Nicholson Salvia elegans Vahl
JUGLANDACEAE Salvia hispanica L.
Carya ovata (Mill.) K. Koch var. mexicana Salvia involucrata Cav.
(Engelm. Ex Hemsl.) W.E. Manning Salvia lasiocephala Hook. & Arn.
Juglans pyriformis Liebm. ◊ Salvia lavanduloides Kunth
Salvia leucantha Cav.
643
95 (4): 610-659, 2017
Salvia longispicata M. Martens & Galeotti Nectandra salicifolia Kunth
Salvia microphylla Kunth Nectandra sanguinea Rol.
Salvia misella Kunth Ocotea acuminatissima (Lundell) Rohwer
Salvia mocinoi Benth. Ocotea dendrodaphne Mez
Salvia nana Kunth Ocotea helicterifolia (Meisn.) Hemsl.
Salvia occidentalis Sw. Ocotea heydeana (Mez & Donn. Sm.)
Salvia polystachia Cav. Bernardi
Salvia protracta Benth. Ocotea klotzschiana (Nees) Hemsl.
Salvia purpurea Cav. Ocotea psychotrioides Kunth
Salvia recurva Benth. Ocotea uxpanapana T. Wendt & van
Salvia rubiginosa Benth. der Werff
Salvia splendens ex Wied-Neuw Persea americana Mill.
Salvia thyrsiflora Benth. Persea chamissonis Mez
Salvia tiliifolia Vahl Persea cinerascens S.F. Blake
Salvia xalapensis Benth. Persea donnell-smithii Mez
Salvia zacuapanensis Briq. Persea liebmannii Mez
Scutellaria dumetorum Schltdl. Persea longipes Meisn.
Scutellaria racemosa Pers. Persea schiedeana Nees
Scutellaria seleriana Loes. Persea standleyi C.K. Allen
Scutellaria splendens Link, Klotzsch LEMNACEAE
& Otto Lemna minor L.
Stachys agraria Schltdl. & Cham. LENTIBULARIACEAE
Stachys biflora Hook & Arn. Pinguicula emarginata Zamudio & Rzed.
Stachys boraginoides Schltdl. & Cham. Pinguicula macrophylla Kunth
Stachys coccinea Ortega Pinguicula moranensis Kunth
Stachys nepetifolia Desf. LILIACEAE
Stachys pringlei Greenm. Lilium candidum L.
Stachys radicans Epling LINACEAE
Stachys rotundifolia Moc. & Sessé Linum orizabae Planch.
ex Benth. Linum schiedeanum Schltdl. & Cham.
Teucrium vesicarium Mill. Linum tenellum Cham.& Schltdl.
LAURACEAE LINDSAEACEAE
Beilschmiedia anay (S.F. Blake) Kosterm. Lonchitis hirsuta L.
Beilschmiedia mexicana (Mez) Kosterm. Odontosoria schlechtendalii (Pr.) C. Chr.
Cassytha filiformis L. LOASACEAE
Cinnamomum amplexicaule (Cham. Eucnide hirta (Pav. ex G. Don) H.J.
& Schltdl.) Kosterm. Thomps. & W.R. Ernst
Cinnamomum effusum (Meisn.) Kosterm. Gronovia scandens L.
Cinnamomum leptophyllum Lorea-Hern. Loasa triphylla Juss
Cinnamomum pachypodum (Nees) Mentzelia hispida Willd.
Kosterm. LOGANIACEAE
Cinnamomum padiforme (Standl. & Spigelia anthelmia L.
Steyerm.) Kosterm. Spigelia scabra Cham. & Schltdl.
Cinnamomum triplinerve (Ruiz & Pav.) LORANTHACEAE
Kosterm. Psittacanthus schiedeanus Blume
Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume Struthanthus crassipes Eichler
Licaria capitata (Cham. & Schltdl.) Struthanthus deppeanus Blume
Kosterm. Struthanthus marginatus Blume
Licaria misantlae (Brandegee) Kosterm. Struthanthus quercicola Blume
Licaria peckii (I.M. Johnst.) Kosterm. LYCOPODIACEAE
Litsea glaucescens Kunth ◊ Huperzia dichotoma (Jacq.) Trevis. ◊
Litsea neesiana (S. Schauer) Hemsl. Huperzia linifolia (L.) Trevis
Nectandra ambigens (S.F. Blake) C.K. Huperzia pithyoides (Schltdl. & Cham.)
Allen Holub
Nectandra coriacea Griseb. Huperzia reflexa (Lam.) Trevis.
Nectandra lundellii C.K. Allen . Huperzia taxifolia (Sw.) Trevis
Nectandra membranacea (Sw.) Griseb Lycopodiella cernua (L.) Pic. Serm.
644
95 (4): 610-659, 2017
Lycopodium cernuum L. Sweet Abutilon vexillarium E.
Lycopodium clavatum L. Morren Anoda acerifolia Cav.
Lycopodium thyoides Willd. Anoda cristata (L.) Schltdl.
LYGODIACEAE Ayenia micrantha Standl.
Lygodium venustum Sw. Ayenia purpusii Brandegee
LYTHRACEAE Bakeridesia ferruginea (Martyn) Krapov.
Adenaria floribunda Kunth Bastardia viscosa (L.) Kunth
Cuphea aequipetala Cav. Belotia mexicana K. Schum.
Cuphea calaminthifolia Schltdl. Byttneria catalpifolia Jacq.
Cuphea carthagenensis (Jacq.) J.F. Macbr. Carpodiptera ameliae Lundell
Cuphea cyanea DC. Ceiba aesculifolia (Kunth) Britten &
Cuphea decandra W.T. Aiton Baker f.
Cuphea hyssopifolia Griseb. Corchorus hirtus L.
Cuphea micropetala Baill. Corchorus orinocensis Kunth
Cuphea nitidula Kunth Corchorus siliquosus L.
Cuphea pinetorum Benth. Corchorus tridens L.
Cuphea procumbens Ortega Dombeya × cayeuxii André
Cuphea racemosa (L. f.) Spreng. Fuertesimalva limensis (L.) Fryxell
Cuphea salicifolia Cham. & Schltdl. Guazuma ulmifolia Lam.
Cuphea utriculosa Koehne Hampea integerrima Schltdl.
Cuphea wrightii A. Gray Hampea nutricia Fryxell
Lagerstroemia indica L. Hampea rovirosae Standl.
Lawsonia inermis L. Heliocarpus americanus L.
Lythrum acinifolium ex DC. Heliocarpus appendiculatus Turcz.
Nesaea salicifolia Kunth Heliocarpus mexicanus Sprague
MAGNOLIACEAE Heliocarpus pallidus Rose
Magnolia grandiflora L. Herissantia crispa Medik.
Magnolia schiedeana Schlecht. ◊ Hibiscus acetosella Welw. ex Fic.
Talauma mexicana G. Don Hibiscus bifurcatus Cav.
MALPIGHIACEAE Hibiscus costatus A. Rich.
Banisteria beecheyana (A. Juss.) C.B. Hibiscus phoeniceus Jacq.
Rob. Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L.f. var.
Bunchosia lindeniana A. Juss. schizopetalus Mast.
Bunchosia palmeri S. Watson Hibiscus sabdariffa L.
Bunchosia swartziana Griseb. Hibiscus spiralis Cav. ◊
Byrsonima crassifolia Steud Hibiscus tiliaceus L.
Callaeum malpighioides (Turcz.) Hibiscus uncinellus ex DC.
D.M. Johnson Hochreutinera amplexifolia (DC.)
Galphimia glauca Cav. Fryxell
Gaudichaudia albida Cham. & Schltdl. Kearnemalvastrum lacteum (Aiton)
Heteropterys brachiata Kunth D.M.Bates
Malpighia glabra L. Kosteletzkya tubiflora (DC.) O.J.
Mascagnia vacciniifolia Nied. Blanch. & McVaugh
Psychopterys polycarpa (Brandegee) Luehea candida Mart.
W.R. Anderson & S. Corso Luehea speciosa Willd.
Stigmaphyllon bannisteroides (L.) Malachra capitata L.
C.E. Anderson Malva parviflora L.
Stigmaphyllon lindenianum A. Juss. Malvastrum coromandelianum (L.)
MALVACEAE Garcke
Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medik. Malvastrum spicatum A. Gray
Abelmoschus moschatus Medik. Malvaviscus arboreus Cav.
Abutilon hulseanum (Torr. & A. Gray) Melochia bernoulliana Donn. Sm.
Torr. ex A. Gray Melochia pyramidata L.
Abutilon hypoleucum A. Gray Melochia tomentosa L.
Abutilon purpusii Standl. Modiola caroliniana (L.) G. Don
Abutilon subsagittatum Hochr. Mortoniodendron guatemalense Standl. ◊
Abutilon umbellatum (L.) & Steyerm.
645
95 (4): 610-659, 2017
Mortoniodendron sulcatum Lundell Conostegia caelestis Standl.
Pachira aquatica Aubl. Conostegia icosandra Urb.
Pavonia fruticosa (Mill.) Fawc. & Rendle Conostegia superba D. Don
Pavonia multifllora A. St.-Hil. Conostegia volcanalis Standl. & Steyerm.
Pavonia paniculata Cav. Conostegia xalapensis D. Don
Pavonia rosea Schltdl. Heterocentron elegans Kuntze
Pavonia schiedeana Steud. Heterocentron subtriplinervium A.
Pavonia spinifex (L.) Cav. Braun & Bouché
Pavonia uniflora (Sessé & Moc.) Fryxell Leandra melanodesma Cogn.
Phymosia umbellata (Cav.) Kearney Leandra mexicana Cogn.
Pseudabutilon scabrum (C. Presl) R.E.Fr. Leandra subseriata Cogn.
Robinsonella mirandae Gómez Pompa Miconia affinis DC.
Robinsonella pilosa Rose Miconia anisotricha Triana
Sida acuta Burm. F. Miconia chrysoneura Triana
Sida cordifolia L. Miconia dodecandra Cogn.
Sida glabra Mill. Miconia glaberrima Naudin
Sida rhombifolia L. Miconia ibaguensis C.Wright
Sida spinosa L. Miconia impetiolaris (Sw.) D. Don ex DC.
Sida urens L. Miconia lacera (Bonpl.) Naudin
Sidastrum paniculatum (L.) Fryxell Miconia laevigata (L.) D. Don
Talipariti tiliaceum var. pernambucense Miconia mexicana Naudin
(Arruda) Fryxell Miconia moorei Wurdack
Theobroma cacao L. Miconia oligotricha Naudin
Tilia mexicana Schltdl. Miconia sylvatica Schltdl.
Tilia neglecta Spach Miconia trinervia (Sw.) D. Don ex Loudon
Trichospermum galeottii (Turcz) Kosterm. Monochaetum calcaratum Triana
Triumfetta bogotensis DC. Monochaetum deppeanum Naudin
Triumfetta columnaris Hochr. Monochaetum floribundum Naudin
Triumfetta grandiflora Vahl Mouriri myrtilloides Poir.
Triumfetta lappula Schomb. Tibouchina galeottiana (Naudin) Cogn.
Triumfetta orizabae Turcz. Tibouchina longifolia Baill.
Triumfetta semitriloba Jacq. Tibouchina longisepala Cogn.
Waltheria indica L. Tibouchina mexicana Cogn.
Wissadula hernandioides (L’Hér.) Garcke Tibouchina naudiniana Cogn.
Wissadula periplocifolia (L.) Thwaites Tibouchina purpusii Brandegee
MARANTACEAE Tibouchina rufipilis Cogn.
Goeppertia misantlensis (Lascur.) Tibouchina schiedeana Cogn.
Borchs. & S. Suárez Tibouchina urvilleana Cogn.
Maranta arundinacea L. Topobea laevigata (D. Don) Naudin
Maranta gibba Sm. Triolena scorpioides Naudin
Monotagma laxum (Poepp. & Endl.) MELIACEAE
K. Schum. Cedrela odorata L. ◊
MARATTIACEAE Guarea glabra Vahl
Marattia weinmanniifolia Liebm. ◊ Guarea grandifolia DC.
MARCGRAVIACEAE Guarea tuerckheimii C.DC. ex Donn.Sm.
Marcgravia mexicana Gilg Trichilia elegans A. Juss.
Souroubea exauriculata Delp. Trichilia glabra L.
MELASTOMATACEAE Trichilia havanensis Jacq.
Arthrostemma ciliatum Pav. ex D. Don Trichilia japurensis C. DC.
Centradenia grandifolia (Schltdl.) Endl. Trichilia martiana C. DC.
Centradenia inaequilateralis G. Don Trichilia moschata Sw.
Clidemia dentata D. Don Trichilia pallida Sw.
Clidemia hirta D. Don MENISPERMACEAE
Clidemia laxiflora Schltdl. Cissampelos fasciculata Benth.
Clidemia petiolaris Triana Cissampelos pareira L.
Clidemia setosa (Triana) Gleason Hyperbaena mexicana Miers
Conostegia arborea Schltdl. ex Steud. Odontocarya mexicana Barneby
646
95 (4): 610-659, 2017
METTENIUSACEAE Eugenia colipensis O. Berg
Calatola costaricensis Standl. Eugenia hypargyrea Standl.
Calatola mollis Standl. Eugenia mexicana Steud.
Oecopetalum mexicanum Greenm. & Eugenia mozomboensis P.E. Sánchez
C.H. Thomps. Eugenia oerstediana O. Berg
MONIMIACEAE Eugenia pueblana Lundell
Mollinedia viridiflora Tul. Eugenia trunciflora (Schltdl. &
Siparuna thecaphora A. DC. Cham.) G.Don
MONTIACEAE Eugenia venezuelensis O. Berg
Calandrinia ciliata DC. Eugenia xalapensis DC.
MORACEAE Eugenia yautepecana Lundell
Bagassa guianensis Aubl. Myrcianthes fragrans (Sw.) McVaugh
Brosimum alicastrum Sw. Pimenta dioica (L.) Merr.
Castilla elastica Cerv. Psidium guineense Sw.
Dorstenia contrajerva L. Syzygium jambos (L.) Alston
Ficus americana Aubl. NYCTAGINACEAE
Ficus apollinaris Dugand Boerhavia diffusa L.
Ficus aurea Nutt. Boerhavia erecta L.
Ficus costaricana Miq. Bougainvillea glabra Choisy
Ficus crocata Mart. ex Miq. Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd.
Ficus fuscescens Miq. Mirabilis jalapa L.
Ficus glycicarpa Miq. Neea tenuis Standl.
Ficus insipida Willd. NYSSACEAE
Ficus lapathifolia Miq. Nyssa sylvatica Marshall
Ficus maxima Mill. OCHNACEAE
Ficus microcarpa L.f. Ouratea nitida Engl.
Ficus obtusifolia Kunth Sauvagesia erecta L.
Ficus pertusa L.f. OLEACEAE
Ficus trigonata L. Fraxinus dubia (Willd.) P.S. Green
Ficus turrialbana W.C. Burger & M. Nee
Ficus velutina Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. Fraxinus greggii A. Gray
Ficus yoponensis Desv. Jasminum gracillimum Hook. f.
Maclura tinctoria (L.) D. Don ex Steud. Jasminum grandiflorum L.
Morus alba L. Jasminum mesnyi Hance
Pseudolmedia glabrata (Liebm.) Osmanthus americanus Benth.
C.C. Berg. & Hook. f.
Trophis mexicana (Liebm.) Bureau ONAGRACEAE
Trophis racemosa (L.) Urb. Epilobium ciliatum Raf.
MUNTINGIACEAE Fuchsia arborescens Sims
Muntingia calabura L. Fuchsia boliviana Carrière
MUSACEAE Fuchsia microphylla Kunth
Musa balbisiana Colla Fuchsia paniculata Lindl.
Musa paradisiaca L. Fuchsia thymifolia Kunth
Musa ornata Roxb. Gongylocarpus rubricaulis Cham.
MYRICACEAE & Schltdl.
Myrica cerifera L. Lopezia miniata DC.
MYRTACEAE Lopezia racemosa Cav.
Calycorectes mexicanus O. Berg Ludwigia octovalvis (Jacq.) P.H. Raven
Calyptranthes chytraculia Sw. Ludwigia palustris (L.) Elliott
Calyptranthes karlingii Standl. Ludwigia peruviana (L.) H. Hara
Calyptranthes karwinskyana O. Berg Oenothera kunthiana (Spach) Munz
Calyptranthes schiedeana O. Berg Oenothera rosea Aiton
Calyptranthes schlechtendaliana O. Berg OPHIOGLOSSACEAE
Calyptranthes tenuipes McVaugh Botrychium virginianum (L.) Sw.
Eucalyptus globulus Labill. OPILIACEAE
Eugenia acapulcensis Steud. Agonandra racemosa Standl.
Eugenia capuli Schltdl.
647
95 (4): 610-659, 2017
ORCHIDACEAE Epidendrum propinquum A. Rich. Appendix II
Acianthera angustifolia (Lindl.) Luer Appendix II & Galeotti
Acianthera circumplexa (Lindl.) Appendix II Epidendrum ramosum Jacq. Appendix II
Pridgeon & M.W. Chase Epidendrum repens Cogn. Appendix II
Acianthera obscura (A. Rich. & Galeotti) Appendix II Epidendrum tuxtlense Hágsater, Appendix II
Pridgeon & M.W. Chase García-Cruz & L. Sánchez
Arpophyllum giganteum Hartw. ex Lindl. Appendix II Goodyera brachyceras (A. Rich. & Appendix II
Arpophyllum laxiflorum Pfitzer Appendix II Galeotti) Garay & G.A. Romero
Arpophyllum spicatum Lex. Appendix II Goodyera striata Rchb. f. Appendix II
Beloglottis costaricensis Schltr. Appendix II Govenia liliacea (La Llave & Lex.) Lindl. Appendix II
Beloglottis mexicana Garay & Hamer Appendix II Govenia mutica Rchb. f. Appendix II
Bletia gracilis G. Lodd. Appendix II Govenia praecox Salazar & E.W. Greenw. Appendix II
Bletia purpurata A. Rich. & Galeotti Appendix II Govenia superba (La Llave & Lex.) Lindl. Appendix II
Brassavola appendiculata A. Rich. & Appendix II Habenaria alata Hook. Appendix II
Galeotti Habenaria bractescens Lindl. Appendix II
Brassavola cucullata R. Br. Appendix II Habenaria distans Griseb Appendix II
Brassia verrucosa Lindl. Appendix II Habenaria entomantha (La Llave Appendix II
Bulbophyllum pachyrhachis (A.Rich.) Appendix II & Lex.) Lindl.
Griseb Habenaria floribunda Lindl. Appendix II
Calanthe calanthoides (A. Rich. & Appendix II Habenaria pringlei B.L. Rob. Appendix II
Galeotti) Hamer & Garay Habenaria quinqueseta (Michx.) Sw. Appendix II
Camaridium densum (Lindl.) M.A. Blanco Appendix II Ionopsis utricularioides Lindl. Appendix II
Catasetum integerrimum Hook. Appendix II Isochilus latibracteatus A. Rich. & Appendix II
Chysis × laevis Lindl. Appendix II Galeotti
Coelia macrostachya Lindl. Appendix II Isochilus linearis (Jacq.) R. Br. Appendix II
Coelia triptera (Sm.) Steud. Appendix II Isochilus major var. amparoanus Appendix II
Corallorhiza bulbosa A. Rich. & Galeotti Appendix II (Schltr.) Correll
Corymborkis forcipigera (Rchb. f. & Appendix II Isochilus unilateralis B.L. Rob. Appendix II
Warsz.) L.O. Williams Jacquiniella leucomelana Schltr. Appendix II
Cranichis sylvatica A. Rich. & Galeotti Appendix II Jacquiniella teretifolia (Sw.) Appendix II
Cyclopogon comosus (Rchb. f.) Appendix II Britton & P. Wilson
Burns-Bal. & E.W. Greenw. Laelia anceps Lindl. Appendix II
Cyclopogon saccatus (A. Rich. & Appendix II Lepanthes avis Rchb. f. Appendix II
Galeotti) Schltr. Liparis vexillifera (La Llave & Lex.) Cogn. Appendix II
Cyrtopodium punctatum (L.) Lindl. Appendix II Lycaste aromatica Lindl. Appendix II
Dichaea graminoides Lindl. Appendix II Lycaste deppei (Lodd.) Lindl. Appendix II
Dichaea muricatoides Hamer & Garay Appendix II Malaxis excavata Kuntze Appendix II
Dichaea neglecta Schltr. Appendix II Malaxis fastigiata Kuntze Appendix II
Domingoa purpurea (Lindl.) Van den Appendix II Malaxis histionantha (Link, Klotzsch & Appendix II
Berg & Soto Arenas Otto) Garay & Dunst.
Elleanthus cynarocephalus Rchb. f. Appendix II Malaxis soulei L.O. Williams Appendix II
Encyclia alata (Bateman) Schltr. Appendix II Malaxis unifolia Michx. Appendix II
Encyclia livida (Lindl.) Dressler Appendix II Maxillaria cucullata Lindl. Appendix II
Encyclia ochracea (Lindl.) Dressler Appendix II Maxillaria variabilis Bateman ex Lindl. Appendix II
Encyclia parviflora (Regel) Withner Appendix II Maxillariella tenuifolia (Lindl.) M.A. Appendix II
Encyclia polybulbon (Sw.) Dressler Appendix II Blanco & Carnevalli
Epidendrum ciliare L. Appendix II Mesadenus lucayanus Schltr. Appendix II
Epidendrum cristatum Ruiz & Pav. Appendix II Myrmecophila tibicinis (Bateman) Rolfe Appendix II
Epidendrum difforme Jacq. Appendix II Nageliella purpurea (Lindl.) L.O. Williams Appendix II
Epidendrum diffusum Sw. Appendix II Nidema boothii (Lindl.) Schltr. Appendix II
Epidendrum longipetalum A. Rich. Appendix II Notylia barkeri Lindl. Appendix II
& Galeotti Oncidium carthagenense (Jacq.) Sw. Appendix II
Epidendrum melistagum Hágsater Appendix II Oncidium cavendishianum Bateman Appendix II
Epidendrum nocturnum Jacq. Appendix II Oncidium sphacelatum Lindl. Appendix II
Epidendrum paniculatum Ruiz & Pav. Appendix II Oncidium stramineum Lindl. Appendix II
Epidendrum parkinsonianum Hook. Appendix II Ornithocephalus gladiatus Hook. Appendix II
Epidendrum polyanthum Lindl. Appendix II
648
95 (4): 610-659, 2017
Pelexia funckiana (A. Rich. & Galeotti) Appendix II Castilleja obovata Benth.
Schltr. Castilleja tenuiflora Benth.
Pelexia gutturosa (Rchb. f.) Garay Appendix II Conopholis alpina Liebm.
Physosiphon tubatus (Lodd.) Rchb. f. Appendix II Escobedia grandiflora (L.f.) Kuntze
Platythelys vaginata (Hook.) Garay Appendix II Escobedia laevis Cham. & Schltdl.
Pleurothallis cardiothallis Rchb. f. Appendix II Gerardia tenuifolia Vahl
Pleurothallis circumplexa Lindl. Appendix II Lamourouxia multifida Kunth
Pleurothallis ornata Rchb. f. Appendix II Lamourouxia nelsonii B.L. Rob. &
Pleurothallis platystylis Schltr. Appendix II Greenm.
Pleurothallis schiedei Rchb. f. Appendix II Lamourouxia viscosa Kunth
Pleurothallis tribuloides (Sw.) Lindl. Appendix II Lamourouxia xalapensis Kunth
Ponera juncifolia Lindl. Appendix II OXALIDACEAE
Ponthieva racemosa (Walter) C. Mohr Appendix II Oxalis corniculata L.
Prescottia stachyodes (Sw.) Lindl. Appendix II Oxalis frutescens L.
Prosthechea cochleata (L.) W.E. Higgins Appendix II Oxalis latifolia Kunth
Prosthechea livida (Lindl.) W.E. Higgins Appendix II PAPAVERACEAE
Prosthechea ochracea (Lindl.) W.E. Appendix II Argemone platyceras Link & Otto
Higgins Bocconia arborea S. Watson
Prosthechea pseudopygmaea (Finet) Appendix II Bocconia frutescens L.
W.E. Higgins Papaver somniferum L.
Prosthechea pygmaea (Hook.) W.E. Appendix II PASSIFLORACEAE
Higgins Passiflora adenopoda DC.
Prosthechea radiata (Lindl.) W.E. Higgins Appendix II Passiflora biflora Lam.
Prosthechea vitellina (Lindl.) W.E. Appendix II ◊ Passiflora ciliata [Dryand.]
Higgins Passiflora conzattiana Killip
Restrepiella ophiocephala (Lindl.) Appendix II Passiflora coriacea Juss.
Garay ex Dunst. Passiflora foetida L.
Rhynchostele bictoniensis (Bateman) Appendix II Passiflora hahnii Mast.
Soto Arenas & Salazar Passiflora helleri Peyr.
Rhynchostele ehrenbergii (Link, Klotzsch Appendix II ◊ Passiflora holosericea L.
& Otto) Soto Arenas & Salazar Passiflora ligularis Juss.
Rhynchostele rossii (Lindl.) Soto Arenas Appendix II ◊ Passiflora membranacea Benth.
& Salazar Passiflora quadrangularis L.
Sacoila lanceolata (Aubl.) Garay Appendix II Passiflora rovirosae Killip
Sarcoglottis cerina (Lindl.) P.N. Don Appendix II ◊ Passiflora serratifolia L.
Scaphyglottis fasciculata Hook. Appendix II Passiflora sexflora Juss.
Scaphyglottis livida Schltr. Appendix II Passiflora sicyoides Cham. & Schltdl.
Sobralia macrantha Lindl. Appendix II Passiflora suberosa L.
Specklinia grobyi (Bateman ex Lindl.) Appendix II Passiflora sublanceolata (Killip)
F. Barros J.M. MacDougal
Spiranthes graminea Lindl. Appendix II Passiflora subpeltata Ortega
Spiranthes nebulorum V.R. Catling Appendix II Turnera ulmifolia L.
Stanhopea oculata Lindl. Appendix II ◊ PEDALIACEAE
Stelis emarginata (Lindl.) Soto Arenas Appendix II Sesamum indicum L.
& Solano PENTAPHYLACACEAE
Stelis nicaraguensis (Liebm.) Solano Appendix II Cleyera serrulata Choisy
& Soto Arenas Cleyera theaeoides (Sw.) Choisy
Stelis oaxacana Solano Appendix II Ternstroemia lineata DC.
Stelis quadrifida (La Llave & Lex.) Appendix II Ternstroemia sylvatica Cham. & Schltdl.
Solano & Soto Arenas Ternstroemia tepezapote Schltdl. & Cham.
Stelis veracrucensis Solano Appendix II PETIVERIACEAE
Trichocentrum cosymbephorum (C. Appendix II Rivina humilis L.
Morren) R. Jiménez & Carnevali PHRYMACEAE
OROBANCHACEAE Leucocarpus perfoliatus Benth.
Agalinis peduncularis (Benth.) Pennell Mimulus glabratus Kunth
Agalinis spiciflora Pennell PHYLLANTHACEAE
Castilleja arvensis Cham. & Schltdl. Phyllanthus amarus Schumach. & Thonn.
649
95 (4): 610-659, 2017
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter Peperomia tetraphylla Hook. & Arn.
Phyllanthus compressus Kunth Peperomia tuisana C. DC. ex Pittier
Phyllanthus graveolens Kunth Piper aduncum L.
Phyllanthus liebmannianus Müll.Arg. Piper aequale Vahl
Phyllanthus niruri L. Piper amalago L.
Phyllanthus stipulatus (Raf.) G.L. Webster Piper auritum Kunth
Savia sessiliflora Willd. Piper colipanum C. DC.
PHYTOLACCACEAE Piper dilatatum Rich.
Agdestis clematidea Moc. & Sessé Piper glabrescens C. DC.
Phytolacca americana L. Piper hispidum Sw.
Phytolacca icosandra L. Piper jalapense M. Martens & Galeotti
Phytolacca rivinoides Kunth & C.D. Piper lapathifolium Steud.
Bouché Piper martensianum C. DC.
PICRAMNIACEAE Piper melastomoides Schltdl. & Cham.
Picramnia antidesma subsp. fessonia Piper misantlense C. DC.
(DC.) W.W. Thomas Piper pseudofuligineum C. DC.
Picramnia xalapensis Planch. Piper psilorhachis C. DC.
PINACEAE Piper sanctum Miq.
Pinus chiapensis (Martínez) Andresen Piper schiedeanum Steud.
Pinus leiophylla Schltdl. & Cham. Piper umbellatum L.
Pinus montezumae Lamb. Piper unguiculatum Ruiz & Pav.
Pinus nubicola J.P. Perry PLAGIOGYRIACEAE
Pinus patula Schltdl. & Cham. Plagiogyria pectinata (Liebm.) Lellinger
Pinus pseudostrobus Lindl. PLANTAGINACEAE
Pinus strobus var. chiapensis Martínez ◊ Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst.
Pinus teocote Schltdl. & Cham. Bacopa salzmannii (Benth.) Wettst.
PIPERACEAE ex Edwall
Peperomia alata Ruiz & Pav. Callitriche verna L.
Peperomia angularis C. DC. Cymbalaria muralis G. Gaertn., B.
Peperomia angustata Kunth Mey. & Scherb.
Peperomia arboricola C. DC. Digitalis purpurea L.
Peperomia asarifolia Schltdl. Linaria canadensis Dum. Cours.
Peperomia berlandieri Miq. Lophospermum erubescens D. Don
Peperomia blanda (Jacq.) Kunth Mecardonia procumbens (Mill.) Small
Peperomia blanda var. humilis (Vahl.) Penstemon hartwegii Benth.
Callejas Penstemon isophyllus B.L. Rob.
Peperomia dendrophila Schltdl. Plantago australis Lam.
Peperomia deppeana Schltdl. & Cham. Plantago lanceolata L.
Peperomia donaguiana C. DC. Plantago major L.
Peperomia emarginulata C. DC. Russelia coccinea (L.) Wettst.
Peperomia epidendron C. DC. Russelia equisetiformis Schltdl. & Cham.
Peperomia galioides Kunth Russelia sarmentosa Jacq.
Peperomia glabella (Sw.) A. Dietr. Schistophragma mexicanum Benth.
Peperomia granulosa Trel. ex D. Dietr.
Peperomia hernandiifolia (Vahl) A. Dietr. Sibthorpia repens (L.) Kuntze
Peperomia liebmannii C. DC. Stemodia lanata Ruiz & Pav. ex Benth.
Peperomia macrostachyos (Vahl.) A.Dietr. Stemodia macrantha B.L. Rob.
Peperomia maculosa (L.) Hook. Stemodia verticillata (Mill.) Hassl.
Peperomia oajacensis Dahlst. Tetranema roseum (M. Martens &
Peperomia obtusifolia (L.) A. Dietr. Galeotti) Standl. & Steyerm.
Peperomia petrophila C. DC. Veronica arvensis L.
Peperomia pseudoalpina Trel. Veronica peregrina L.
Peperomia quadrifolia (L.) Kunth Veronica persica Poir.
Peperomia rotundifolia (L.) Kunth PLATANACEAE
Peperomia santa-helenae Trel. Platanus mexicana Moric.
Peperomia subblanda C. DC. PLUMBAGINACEAE
Peperomia tenerrima Schltdl. & Cham. Plumbago auriculata Lam.
650
95 (4): 610-659, 2017
Plumbago zeylanica L. Dichanthelium acuminatum (Sw.) Gould
POACEAE & C.A. Clark
Aegopogon cenchroides Humb. & Dichanthelium commutatum (Schult.)
Bonpl. ex Willd. Gould
Aegopogon tenellus Trin. Dichanthelium dichotomum (Elliott)
Agrostis bourgeaei E. Fourn. Gould & C.A.Clark
Agrostis perennans Tuck. Dichanthelium viscidellum (Scribn.)
Agrostis scabra Willd. Gould
Andropogon bicornis L. Dichanthelium aciculare (Desv. ex
Andropogon cirratus Hack. Poir.) Gould & C.A. Clark
Andropogon condensatus Kunth Dichanthelium boscii (Poir.) Gould &
Andropogon glomeratus Britton, Sterns C.A. Clark
& Poggenb Dichanthelium commutatum (Schult.)
Andropogon gyrans Ashe Gould
Andropogon liebmannii Hack. Dichanthelium laxiflorum (Lam.) Gould
Andropogon littoralis Nash Digitaria ciliaris (Retz.) Koeler
Andropogon microstachyus Ham. Digitaria eriantha Steud.
Andropogon salzmannii (Trin. ex Digitaria insularis (L.) Fedde
Steud.) Hack. Digitaria milanjiana (Rendle) Stapf
Andropogon scoparius Michx. Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.
Andropogon selloanus (Hack.) Hack. Digitaria villosa Michx.
Andropogon virginicus L. Echinochloa cruz-galli (L.) P. Beauv.
Aristida liebmannii E. Fourn ex Hemsl. Echinochloa crus-pavonis (Kunth) Schult.
Andropogon virginicus L. Echinochloa pyramidalis (Lam.) Hitchc.
Aristida purpurea Nutt. & Chase
Aristida schiedeana Trin. & Rupr. Elionurus tripsacoides Humb. & Bonpl.
Aristida ternipes Cav. ex Willd.
Arundinella berteroniana Hitchc. & Chase Eragrostis bahiensis Schrad.
Arundinella deppeana Nees Eragrostis intermedia Hitchc.
Arundinella hispida Kuntze Eragrostis lugens Nees
Avena sativa L. Eragrostis pilosa P. Beauv.
Axonopus ater Chase Eragrostis tenuifolia Hochst.
Axonopus compressus P. Beauv. Eriochloa punctata (L.) Desv. ex Ham.
Bothriochloa saccharoides (Sw.) Rydb. Festuca arundinacea Schreb.
Botriochloa laguroides (DC.) Herter Guadua aculeata Rupr. ex E. Fourn.
Bouteloua curtipendula (Michx.) Torr. Guadua amplexifolia J. Presl.
Brachiaria plantaginea (Link) Hitchc. Guadua longifolia (E. Fourn.) R.W. Pohl
Brachypodium mexicanum Link Guadua velutina Londoño & L.G. Clark
Brachypodium pringlei Scribn. ex Beal Hemarthria altissima (Poir.) Stapf &
Briza minor L. C.E. Hubb.
Briza rotundata Steud. Heteropogon contortus Beauv. ex Roem.
Bromus catharticus Vahl & Schult.
Bromus secalinus L. Homolepis aturensis Chase
Bromus unioloides Kunth Homolepis glutinosa (Sw. ex Smithson)
Cenchrus brownii Roem. & Schult. Zuloaga & Soderstr.
Cenchrus echinatus L. Hordeum vulgare L.
Chascolytrum subaristatum Desv. Hymenachne amplexicaulis Nees
Chloris gayana Kunth Hordeum vulgare L.
Chloris virgata Sw. Ichnanthus nemorosus (Sw.) Döll
Chusquea enigmatica Ruiz-Sánchez, Ichnanthus pallens (Sw.) Benth.
Mejía-Saulés & L.G.Clark Ichnanthus tenuis Hitchc. & Chase
Chusquea glauca L.G. Clark Isachne arundinacea Griseb.
Chusquea mulleri Munro Ixophorus unisetus Schltdl.
Cryptochloa strictiflora (E. Fourn.) Swallen Jarava ichu Ruiz & Pav.
Cymbopogon citratus Stapf Lasiacis divaricata (L.) Hitchc.
Cynodon plectostachyus (K. Schum.) Pilg. Lasiacis grisebachii Hitchc.
Lasiacis nigra Davidse
651
95 (4): 610-659, 2017
Lasiacis procerrima Hitchc. Paspalum paniculatum L.
Lasiacis rhizophora (E. Fourn.) Hitchc. Paspalum squamulatum E. Fourn.
Lasiacis rugelii Hitch. Paspalum unispicatum (Scribn. &
Lasiacis ruscifolia Hitchc. Merr.) Nash
Lasiacis sorghoidea (Ham.) Hitchc. Paspalum variabile Nash
& Chase Paspalum virgatum L.
Leersia hexandra Sw. Paspalum virletii E. Fourn. ex Hemsl.
Leersia ligularis Trin. Pennisetum bambusiforme (E. Fourn.)
Leersia ligularis var. grandiflora Hemsl. ex B.D. Jacks.
(Döll) Pyrah Pennisetum clandestinum Hochst. ex Chiov.
Leptochloa mucronata (Michx.) Kunth Pennisetum complanatum Hemsl.
Leptochloa virgata (L.) P. Beauv. Pennisetum distachyum Rupr.
Lithachne pauciflora P. Beauv. Pennisetum purpureum Schumach.
Lolium multiflorum Lam. Pereilema crinitum J. Presl
Microchloa indica (L.f.) P. Beauv. Peyritschia deyeuxioides (Kunth) Finot
Muhlenbergia cenchroides (Humb. & Peyritschia pringlei (Scribn.) S.D. Koch
Bonpl. ex Willd.) P.M. Peterson Pharus latifolius L.
Muhlenbergia ciliata Trin. Piptochaetium virescens (Kunth) Parodi
Muhlenbergia gigantea (E. Fourn.) Hitchc. Poa annua L.
Muhlenbergia glauca (Nees) B.D. Jacks. Polypogon viridis (Gouan) Breistr.
Muhlenbergia implicata Trin. Pseudechinolaena polystachya (Kunth) Stapf
Muhlenbergia macroura (Kunth) Hitchc. Rhynchelytrum repens (Willd.) C.E. Hubb.
Muhlenbergia minutissima (Steud.) Rhynchelytrum roseum Stapf & C.E.
Swallen Hubb. ex Bews
Muhlenbergia peruviana Steud. Saccharum officinarum L.
Muhlenbergia pulcherrima Scribn. Schizachyrium condensatum Nees
ex Beal Schizachyrium sanguineum (Retz.) Alston
Muhlenbergia ramulosa (Kunth) Swallen Schizachyrium tenerum Nees
Muhlenbergia robusta (E. Fourn.) Hitchc. Setaria liebmannii E. Fourn.
Muhlenbergia schreberi J.F. Gmel. Setaria longipila E. Fourn. ex Hemsl.
Muhlenbergia setarioides E. Fourn. ex Hemsl. Setaria macrostachya Kunth
Muhlenbergia tenella Trin. Setaria palmifolia Stapf
Nassella tenuissima (Trin.) Barkworth Setaria pumila Roem & Schult
Olyra latifolia L. Setaria scheelei Hitchc.
Oplismenus burmannii (Retz.) P. Beauv. Setaria sulcata Raddi
Oplismenus compositus (L.) P. Beauv. Setaria tenax (Rich.) Desv.
Oplismenus hirtellus (L.) P. Beauv. Sorghastrum brunneum Swallen
Panicum arundinariae Trin. ex E. Fourn. Sorghastrum incompletum Nash
Panicum bulbosum Kunth Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers.
Panicum fasciculatum Sw. Sporobolus atrovirens Kunth
Panicum ghiesbreghtii E. Fourn. Sporobolus erectus Hitchc.
Panicum gouinii E. Fourn. Sporobolus indicus (L.) R.Br.
Panicum maximum Jacq. Sporobolus poiretii (Roem. & Schult.)
Panicum nitidum Lam. Hitchc.
Panicum polygonatum Schrad. Sporobolus purpurascens Ham.
Panicum sphaerocarpon Elliott Sporobolus pyramidalis P. Beauv.
Panicum trichanthum Nees Steinchisma laxum (Sw.) Zuloaga
Panicum trichoides Sw. Trachypogon spicatus Kuntze
Parodiophyllochloa cordovensis (E. Triniochloa stipoides Hitchc.
Fourn.) Zuloaga & Morrone Tripogon spicatus (Nees) Ekman
Paspalum botterii Chase Tripsacum dactyloides (L.) L.
Paspalum candidum Kunth Trisetum palmeri Hitchc.
Paspalum conjugatum P.J. Bergius Urochloa mutica (Forssk.)T.Q. Nguyen
Paspalum denticulatum Trin. Vulpia myuros (L.) C.C. Gmel.
Paspalum dilatatum Poir. Zea mays L.
Paspalum humboldtianum Flüggé Zeugites americanus Willd.
Paspalum millegrana Schrad. Zuloagaea bulbosa (Kunth) Bess
652
95 (4): 610-659, 2017
PODOCARPACEAE Pleopeltis fallax (Schltdl. & Cham.)
Podocarpus guatemalensis Standl. Mickel & Beitel
Podocarpus matudae Lundell ◊ Pleopeltis macrocarpa (Bory ex
POLEMONIACEAE Willd.) Kaulf.
Cobaea scandens Cav. Pleopeltis polylepis var. interjecta
Loeselia ciliata L. (Weath.) E.A. Hooper
Loeselia glandulosa (Cav.) G. Don Polypodium conterminans Liebm.
Loeselia mexicana Brand Polypodium dissimile L.
POLYGALACEAE Polypodium eatonii Baker
Hebecarpa rivinifolia (Kunth) J.r. Abbot Polypodium fraternum Schltdl. & Cham.
& J.F.B. Pastore Polypodium furfuraceum Schltdl. & Cham.
Monnina schlechtendaliana D. Dietr. Polypodium lepidotrichum (Fée) Maxon
Monnina xalapensis Kunth Polypodium longepinnulatum Fourn.
Polygala alba Nutt. Polypodium loriceum L.
Polygala berlandieri S. Watson Polypodium plebeium Schltdl. & Cham.
Polygala biformipilis S.F. Blake Polypodium plesiosorum Kunze
Polygala glochidata Kunth Polypodium puberulum Schltdl. & Cham.
Polygala paniculata L. Polypodium rhodopleuron Kunze
Securidaca diversifolia (L.) S.F. Blake Polypodium subpetiolatum Hk.in Benth.
Securidaca sylvestris Schltdl. Polypodium thyssanolepis A. Br.; Kl.
POLYGONACEAE Polypodium triseriale Sw. ◊
Antigonon cinerascens M. Martens Polytrichum juniperinum Hedw.
& Galeotti PONTEDERIACEAE
Antigonon flavescens S. Watson Heteranthera reniformis Ruiz & Pav.
Antigonon leptopus Hook. & Arn. POTAMOGETONACEAE
Coccoloba belizensis Standl. Zannichellia palustris L.
Coccoloba cozumelensis Hemsl. PRIMULACEAE
Coccoloba escuintlensis Lundell Amatlania jalapensis (Lundell) Lundell
Coccoloba hirtella Lundell Anagallis arvensis L.
Coccoloba humboldtii Meisn. Anagallis pumila Sw.
Coccoloba tuerckheimii Donn. Sm. Ardisia revoluta Kunth
Homalocladium platycladum L.H. Bailey Ardisia compressa Kunth
Persicaria hydropiperoides Small Ardisia hyalina Lundell
Persicaria segetum (Kunth) Small Ardisia liebmannii Oerst.
Podopterus mexicanus Bonpl. Ardisia nigrescens Oerst.
Polygonum punctatum Elliott Ardisia paniculata Roxb.
Rumex acetosella L. Ardisia pellucida Oerst.
Rumex crispus L. Gentlea penduliflora (A. DC.) Pipoly
Rumex obtusifolius L. & Ricketson
Rumex pulcher L. Myrsine coriacea R. Br.
POLYPODIACEAE Parathesis chiapensis Fernald
Campyloneurum angustifolium Fée Parathesis donnell-smithii Mez
Campyloneurum xalapense Fée Parathesis lenticellata Lundell
Melpomene xiphopteroides (Liebm.) Parathesis melanosticta Hemsl.
A.R. Sm. & R.C. Moran Parathesis psychotrioides Lundell
Niphidium crassifolium (L.) Lellinger Parathesis serrulata (Sw.) Mez
Pecluma alfredii (Rosenst.) M.G. Price Samolus parviflorus Kunth
Pecluma atra (A.M. Evans) M.G. Price PSILOTACEAE
Pecluma dispersa (A.M. Evans) Psilotum complanatum Sw. ◊
M.G. Price Psilotum nudum (L.) P. Beauv.
Pecluma plumula (Humb. & Bonpl. PTERIDACEAE
ex Willd.) M.G. Price Adiantopsis radiata (L.) Fée
Phlebodium areolatum (Willd.) J. Sm. Adiantum amplum C. Presl
Phlebodium aureum (L.) J.Sm. Adiantum andicola Liebm.
Pleopeltis astrolepis (Liebm.) E. Fourn. Adiantum braunii Mett.; Kuhn
Pleopeltis crassinervata T. Moore Adiantum capillus-veneris L.
653
95 (4): 610-659, 2017
Adiantum concinnum Humb. & Bonpl. Thalictrum galeottii Lecoy.
ex Willd. Thalictrum steyermarkii Standl.
Adiantum poiretii Wikstr. Thalictrum strigillosum Hemsl.
Adiantum tenerum Sw. RESEDACEAE
Anogramma leptophylla (L.) Link Forchhammeria trifoliata Radlk.
Astrolepis crassifolia (Houlston & T. RHAMNACEAE
Moore) D.M. Benham & Windham Ceanothus azureus Desf.
Astrolepis laevis (M. Martens & Galeotti) Colubrina arborescens (Mill.) Sarg.
Mickel Colubrina celtidifolia Schltdl.
Astrolepis sinuata (Lag. ex Sw.) D.M Colubrina heteroneura (Griseb.) Standl.
Benham & Windham Colubrina triflora Brongn.
Cheilanthes bonariensis (Willd.) Proctor Frangula capreifolia var. grandifolia (M.C.
Cheilanthes cucullans Fée Johnst. & L.A. Johnst.) A. Pool
Cheilanthes eatonii Baker Frangula longistyla (C.B. Wolf.) A. Pool
Cheilanthes integerrima (Hook.) Mickel Gouania lupuloides (L.) Urb.
Cheilanthes kaulfussii Kunze Gouania polygama (Jacq.) Urb.
Cheilanthes lendigera (Cav.) Sw. Rhamnus capreifolia Schltdl.
Cheilanthes marginata Kunth Sageretia elegans (Kunth) Brongn.
Cheilanthes microphylla Sw. Ziziphus amole (Sessé & Moc.) M.C.
Cheilanthes tomentosa Link Johnst.
Doryopteris palmata (Willd.) J. Sm. ROSACEAE
Hemionitis palmata L. Acaena elongata L.
Llavea cordifolia Lag. Agrimonia pringlei Rydb.
Mildella intramarginalis Trevis. Alchemilla pectinata Kunth
Notholaena brachypus (Kunze) J. Sm. Alchemilla pringlei (Rydb.) Fedde
Notholaena candida (M. Martens & Alchemilla procumbens Rose
Galeotti) Hook. Alchemilla sibbaldiifolia Kunth
Pellaea ovata Weath. Cercocarpus macrophyllus C.K. Schneid.
Pellaea ternifolia (Cav.) Link Cotoneaster lucidus Schltdl.
Pityrogramma calomelanos (L.) Link Crataegus mexicana Moc. & Sessé ex DC.
Pityrogramma ebenea (L.) Proctor Crataegus pubescens C. Presl
Pityrogramma trifoliata (L.) Duchesnea indica (Andrews) Teschem.
R.M. Tryon Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl.
Pteris altissima Poir. Fragaria vesca L.
Pteris cretica L. Holodiscus argenteus (L. f.) Maxim.
Pteris grandifolia L. Holodiscus discolor (Pursh) Maxim.
Pteris orizabae M. Martens & Galeotti Malacomeles denticulata (Kunth) G.N. Jones
Pteris podophylla Sw. Malus pumila Mill.
Pteris pulchra Schltdl. & Cham. Potentilla aurea L.
Pteris quadriaurita Retz. Prunus brachybotrya Zucc.
Pterozonium brevifrons (A.C. Sm.) Prunus cortapico Kerber ex Koehne
Lellinger Prunus domestica L.
PUTRANJIVACEAE Prunus erythroxylon Koehne
Drypetes lateriflora (Sw.) Krug & Urb. Prunus matudae Lundell
RANUNCULACEAE Prunus persica (L.) Batsch
Anemone mexicana Kunth Prunus potosina Lundell
Clematis dioica L. Prunus rhamnoides Koehne
Clematis haenkeana C. Presl. Prunus samydoides Schltdl.
Consolida ambigua (L.) P.W. Ball Prunus serotina Ehrh.
& Heywood Prunus tetradenia Koehne
Ranunculus aquatilis L. Pyracantha crenulata (D. Don) M. Roem.
Ranunculus dichotomus Moc. & Pyrus communis L.
Sessé ex DC. Rosa roxburghii Tratt.
Ranunculus macranthus Scheele Rubus adenotrichos Schltdl.
Ranunculus petiolaris Kunth Rubus coriifolius Liebm.
Ranunculus pilosus Kunth Rubus eriocarpus Liebm.
Ranunculus praemorsus Kunth ex DC. Rubus fagifolius Schltdl. & Cham.
654
95 (4): 610-659, 2017
Rubus liebmannii Focke Guettarda macrocarpa Griseb.
Rubus rosifolius Sm. Guettarda macrosperma Donn. Sm.
Rubus sapidus Schltdl. Hamelia patens Jacq.
Rubus schiedeanus Steud. Hedyotis exigula W.H. Lewis
RUBIACEAE Hedyotis microtheca Steud.
Alibertia edulis (Rich.) A. Rich. ex DC. Hedyotis patens Ridl.
Amaioua corymbosa Kunth Hedyotis sharpii (Terrell) G.L. Nesom
Arachnothryx capitellata (Hemsl.) Hillia tetrandra Sw.
Borhidi Hoffmannia conzattii B.L. Rob.
Arachnothryx gonzaleoides (Standl.) Hoffmannia culminicola Standl. &
Borhidi L.O. Williams
Arachnothryx gracilispica (Standl.) Borhidi Hoffmannia excelsa K. Schum.
Arachnothryx heteranthera (Brandegee) Hoffmannia mexicana Hemsl.
Borhidi Hoffmannia montana L.O. Williams
Arachnothryx septicidalis (B.L. Rob.) Hoffmannia orizabensis Standl.
Borhidi Hoffmannia psychotriifolia Griseb.
Augusta rivalis (Benth.) J.H. Kirkbr. Ixora coccinea L.
Borreria spinosa Cham. & Schltdl. Margaritopsis microdon (DC.) C.M.
Bouvardia laevis M. Martens & Galeotti Taylor
Bouvardia ternifolia Schltdl. Mexotis galeottii (M. Martens) Terrell
Cephaelis elata Sw. & H. Rob
Chiococca alba Hitchc. Mitracarpus hirtus DC.
Chiococca pachyphylla Wernham Nertera granadensis Druce
Chiococca phaenostemon Schltdl. Notopleura uliginosa Bremek.
Chione venosa (Sw.) Urb. Oldenlandia lancifolia DC.
Chione mexicana Standl. Palicourea crocea (Sw.) Schult
Coccocypselum cordifolium Nees & Mart. Palicourea gardenioides Benth. &
Coccocypselum guianense (Aubl.) Hook. ex Hemsl.
K. Schum. Palicourea guianensis Aubl.
Coccocypselum herbaceum Aubl. Palicourea macrantha Loes.
Coccocypselum hirsutum Bartl. ex DC. Palicourea padifolia ((Roem. & Schult.)
Coffea arabica L. T.N. Taylor & Lorence
Coutarea hexandra (Jacq.) K. Schum. Pentas lanceolata (Forssk.) Deflers
Crusea calocephala DC. Psychotria berteroana DC.
Crusea coccinea DC. Psychotria capensis Vatke
Crusea hispida (Mill.) B.L. Rob. Psychotria costivenia Griseb.
Crusea longiflora (Willd. ex Roem. Psychotria elata (Sw.) Hammel
& Schult.) W.R. Anderson Psychotria flava Oerst. ex Standl.
Deppea grandiflora Schltdl. Psychotria fruticetorum Standl.
Deppea purpusii Standl. Psychotria galeottiana (M. Martens)
Deppea umbellata Hemsl. C.M. Taylor & Lorence
Didymaea alsinoides (Cham. & Schltdl.) Psychotria lorenciana C.M. Taylor
Standl. Psychotria mexiae Standl.
Diodella sarmentosa (Sw.) Bacigalupo Psychotria panamensis Standl.
& E.L. Cabral Psychotria papantlensis (Oerst.) Hemsl.
Diodia teres Walter Psychotria pubescens Sw.
Faramea occidentalis (L.) A. Rich. Psychotria quinqueradiata Pol.
Galianthe brasiliensis subsp. angulata Psychotria simiarum Standl.
(Benth) E.L. Cabral & Bacigalupo Psychotria tenuifolia Sw.
Galium aschenbornii S. Schauer Psychotria trichotoma M. Martens
Galium hypocarpium (L.) Endl. ex Griseb & Galeotti
Galium mexicanum Kunth Randia aculeata L.
Galium orizabense Hemsl. Randia cookii Standl.
Genipa americana L. Randia monantha Benth.
Gonzalagunia panamensis (Cav.) Randia obcordata S. Watson
K. Schum. Randia xalapensis M. Martens
Guettarda elliptica Sw. & Galeotti
655
95 (4): 610-659, 2017
Richardia scabra L. Populus deltoides W. Bartram ex
Rogiera ligustroides (Hemsl.) Borhidi Marshall
Sabicea panamensis Wernham Populus mexicana Wesm.
Simira rhodoclada (Standl.) Steyerm. Salix babylonica L.
Simira salvadorensis (Standl.) Steyerm. Salix bonplandiana Kunth
Sommera arborescens Schltdl. Salix exigua Nutt.
Spermacoce capitata Ruiz & Pav. Salix humboldtiana Willd.
Spermacoce remota Lam. Salix interior var. angustissima
Spermacoce tetraquetra A. Rich. (Andersson) Dayton
Spermacoce verticillata L. Salix paradoxa Kunth
Strumpfia maritima Jacq. Salix taxifolia Kunth
RUTACEAE Xylosma flexuosa (Kunth) Hemsl.
Amyris balsamifera L. Xylosma panamensis Turcz.
Amyris purpusii P. Wilson Xylosma quichensis Donn. Sm.
Amyris sylvatica Jacq. Zuelania guidonia Britton & Millsp.
Casimiroa edulis La Llave SALVINIACEAE
Choisya ternata Kunth Azolla filiculoides Lam.
Citrus japonica Thunb. SANTALACEAE
Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr. Phoradendron falcatum Eichler
Citrus medica L. Phoradendron galeottii Trel.
Citrus reticulata Blanco Phoradendron hexastichum (DC.) Griseb
Esenbeckia berlandieri Baill. Phoradendron nervosum Oliv.
Esenbeckia dorantesii Ramos & Phoradendron pedicellatum (Tiegh.) Kuijt
E. Martínez Phoradendron piperoides (Kunth) Trel.
Esenbeckia macrantha Rose Phoradendron purpusii Trel.
Esenbeckia pentaphylla Griseb. Phoradendron quadrangulare (Kunth)
Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack Krug & Urb.
Peltostigma pteleoides (Hook.) Walp. Phoradendron robinsonii Urb.
Ptelea trifoliata L. Phoradendron velutinum Nutt.
Ruta graveolens L. SAPINDACEAE
Stauranthus perforatus Liebm. Cupania dentata Moc. & Sessé
Zanthoxylum caribaeum Lam. Cupania macrophylla Mart.
Zanthoxylum clava-herculis L. Cupania spectabilis Radlk.
Zanthoxylum elegantissimum P. Wilson Dodonaea viscosa Jacq.
Zanthoxylum fagara Sarg. Paullinia clavigera Schltdl.
Zanthoxylum juniperinum Poepp. Paullinia pinnata L.
Zanthoxylum melanostictum Schltdl. Sapindus drummondii Hook. & Arn.
& Cham. Sapindus saponaria L.
Zanthoxylum riedelianum Engl. Serjania brachycarpa A. Gray ex Radlk.
SABIACEAE Serjania cardiospermoides Schltdl.
Meliosma alba Walp. & Cham.
Meliosma dentata Urb. Serjania glabrata Kunth
SACCOLOMATACEAE Serjania triquetra Radlk.
Saccoloma inaequale (Kunze) Mett. Thouinidium decandrum Radlk.
SALICACEAE Urvillea ulmacea Kunth
Abatia mexicana Standl. SAPOTACEAE
Banara dioica Benth. Chrysophyllum mexicanum Brandegee
Casearia guevarana Cast.-Campos ex Standl.
& E. Medina Manilkara zapota (L.) P Royen
Casearia guianensis (Aubl.) Urb. Pouteria campechiana (Kunth) Baehni
Casearia nitida Jacq. Pouteria glomerata (Miq.) Radlk.
Casearia obovata Schltdl. Pouteria rhynchocarpa T.D. Penn.
Casearia sylvestris Sw. Sideroxylon capiri (A. DC.) Pittier ◊
Lunania mexicana Brandegee Sideroxylon persimile (Hemsl.) T.D. Penn
Pleuranthodendron lindenii (Turcz) Sideroxylon salicifolium (L.) Lam.
Sleumer SAXIFRAGACEAE
Populus alba L. Heuchera acutifolia Rose
656
95 (4): 610-659, 2017
Heuchera mexicana W. Schaffn. ex Rydb. Cestrum benthamii Miers
SCHISANDRACEAE Cestrum dumetorum Schltdl.
Illicium floridanum J. Ellis Cestrum elegans (Brongn. ex
SCHOEPFIACEAE Neumann) Schltdl.
Schoepfia schreberi J.F. Gmel. Cestrum endlicheri Miers
SCROPHULARIACEAE Cestrum fasciculatum Miers
Buddleja americana L. Cestrum glanduliferum Kerber
Buddleja cordata Kunth ex Francey
Buddleja parviflora Kunth Cestrum lanatum M. Martens & Galeotti
Buddleja skutchii C.V. Morton Cestrum nocturnum L.
Capraria biflora L. Cestrum purpureum Standl.
Capraria frutescens (Mill.) Britten Cyphomandra betacea Cav.
Verbascum virgatum Stokes Cyphomandra hartwegii Sendtn. ex Walp.
SELAGINELLACEAE Datura meteloides DC. ex Dunal
Selaginella delicatissima A. Br. Datura stramonium L.
Selaginella flexuosa Spring Datura suaveolens Humb. & Bonpl.
Selaginella lepidophylla (Hook. ex Willd.
& Grev.) Spring Jaltomata procumbens (Cav.) J.L. Gentry
Selaginella martensii Spring Lycianthes geminiflora Bitter
Selaginella mollis A. Br. Lycianthes lenta (Cav.) Bitter
Selaginella pallescens (C. Presl) Spring Lycianthes sideroxyloides Bitter
Selaginella pulcherrima Liebm. Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.
Selaginella sartorii Hieron. Nicandra physalodes (L.) Gaertn.
Selaginella schiedeana A. Br. Nicotiana plumbaginifolia Viv.
Selaginella silvestris Aspl. Nicotiana tabacum L.
Selaginella stellata Spring Physalis ampla Waterf.
Selaginella stenophylla A. Braun Physalis campanula Standl. & Steyerm.
SIMAROUBACEAE Physalis gracilis Miers
Picrasma mexicana Brandegee Physalis greenmanii Waterf.
Simarouba amara Aubl. Physalis hintonii Waterf.
SMILACACEAE Physalis nicandroides Schltdl.
Smilax aristolochiifolia Mill. Physalis peruviana L.
Smilax bona-nox L. Physalis philadelphica Lam.
Smilax domingensis Willd. Physalis stapelioides (Decne. ex
Smilax glauca Walter Regel) Bitter
Smilax laurifolia L. Physalis subrepens Waterf.
Smilax mollis Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. Schraderanthus viscosus (Schrad.) Averett
Smilax moranensis M. Martens & Galeotti Solandra guerrerensis Martinez
Smilax spinosa Mill. Solandra guttata D. Don
SOLANACEAE Solandra maxima (Sessé & Moc.)
Athenaea cernua Donn. Sm. P.S. Green
Brachistus stramoniifolius (Kunth) Miers Solanum acerifolium Humb. &
Brugmansia suaveolens (Willd.) Bercht. Bonpl. ex Dunal
& J. Presl Solanum adhaerens Willd. ex Roem.
Brugmansia × candida Pers. & Schult.
Brunfelsia nitida Benth. Solanum adscendens Sendthn.
Capsicum annuum L. Solanum aligerum Schltdl.
Capsicum annuum var. aviculare Solanum aphyodendron S. Knapp
(Dierb.) D’Arcy & Eshbaugh Solanum appendiculatum Humb. &
Capsicum ciliatum Kuntze Bonpl. ex Dunal
Capsicum frutescens L. Solanum asperolanatum Ruiz & Pav.
Capsicum lanceolatum (Greenm. Ex Solanum aturense Humb. & Bonpl.
Donn.Sm.) C.V. Morton & Standl. ex Dunal
Capsicum pubescens Ruiz & Pav. Solanum capsicoides All.
Capsicum rhomboideum (Humb. Solanum cervantesii Lag.
Bonpl. & Kunth) Kuntze Solanum chrysotrichum Schltdl.
Cestrum anagyris Dunal Solanum diphyllum L.
657
95 (4): 610-659, 2017
Solanum dulcamaroides Dunal Thelypteris cheilanthoides (Kunze)
Solanum erianthum D. Don Proctor
Solanum hirtum Vahl Thelypteris concinna (Willd.) Ching
Solanum ionidium Bitter Thelypteris linkiana (C. Presl) R.M.
Solanum lanceifolium Jacq. Tryon
Solanum lanceolatum Ruiz & Pav. Thelypteris obliterata (Sw.) Proctor
Solanum laxum Spreng. Thelypteris pilosa (M. Martens &
Solanum mammosum L. Galeotti) Crawford
Solanum melongena L. Thelypteris puberula (Baker) C.V. Morton
Solanum mitlense Dunal Thelypteris resinifera (Desv.) Proctor
Solanum morelliforme Bitter & Münch Thelypteris rudis (Kunze) Proctor
Solanum myriacanthum Dunal Thelypteris scalaris (Christ) Alston
Solanum nigrescens M. Martens & Thelypteris toganetra A.R. Sm.
Galeotti THYMELAEACEAE
Solanum nigricans M. Martens & Galeotti Daphnopsis americana (Mill.) J.R.
Solanum nigrum L. Johnst.
Solanum nudum Humb. & Bonpl. Daphnopsis mollis (Meisn.) Standl.
ex Dunal Daphnopsis radiata Donn. Sm.
Solanum pseudocapsicum L. TOVARIACEAE
Solanum pubigerum Dunal Tovaria diffusa (Macfad.) Fawc.
Solanum rudepannum Dunal & Rendle
Solanum schlechtendalianum Walp. Tovaria pendula Ruiz & Pav.
Solanum seaforthianum Andrews TROPAEOLACEAE
Solanum tuberosum L. Tropaeolum majus L.
Solanum umbellatum Mill. ULMACEAE
Solanum verbascifolium L. Ulmus mexicana Planch.
Solanum wendlandii Hook. f. URTICACEAE
Witheringia solanacea Miers ex Boehmeria caudata Sw.
Benth. & Hook.f Boehmeria ulmifolia Wedd.
Witheringia stellata (Greenm.) Hunz. Cecropia obtusifolia Bertol.
SPHENOCLEACEAE Discocnide mexicana (Liebm.) Chew
Sphenoclea zeylanica Gaertn. Laportea canadensis Gaudich.
STAPHYLEACEAE Myriocarpa cordifolia Liebm.
Turpinia insignis Tul. Myriocarpa longipes Liebm.
Turpinia occidentalis (Sw.) G. Don Parietaria debilis G. Forst
STEREOPHYLLACEAE Parietaria pensylvanica Muhl. ex Willd.
Stereophyllum radiculosum (Hook.) Mitt. Phenax hirtus Wedd.
STYRACACEAE Pilea acuminata Liebm.
Styrax glabrescens Benth. Pilea falcata Liebm.
SYMPLOCACEAE Pilea microphylla (L.) Liebm.
Symplocos coccinea Bonpl. ◊ Pilea pubescens Liebm.
Symplocos limoncillo Bonpl. Pouzolzia guatemalana Wedd.
Symplocos longipes Lundell Urera baccifera Gaudich.
Symplocos pycnantha Hemsl. Urera caracasana (Jacq.) Gaudich.
TALINACEAE ex Griseb.
Talinum fruticosum (L.) Juss. Urera glabriuscula V.W. Steinm.
Talinum lineare Hoffmanns. Urera simplex Wedd.
Talinum paniculatum (Jacq.) Gaertn. Urtica chamaedryoides Pursh
TAXACEAE Urtica mexicana Liebm.
Taxus globosa Schltdl. ◊ VERBENACEAE
THEACEAE Aloysia citriodora Ortega ex Pers
Camellia japonica L. Bouchea prismatica (L.) Kuntze
THELYPTERIDACEAE Citharexylum affine D. Don
Christella dentata (Forssk.) Brownsey Citharexylum caudatum L.
& Jermy Citharexylum ellipticum Moc. & Sessé
Macrothelypteris torresiana (Gaudich.) ex D.Don
Ching Citharexylum hidalgense Moldenke
658
95 (4): 610-659, 2017
Citharexylum ligustrinum Van Houtte Viola jalapaensis W. Becker
Citharexylum mocinnoi D. Don Viola odorata L.
Duranta erecta L. Viola scandens Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.
Glandularia delticola (L.M.Perry) Umber VITACEAE
Glandularia elegans (Kunth) Umber Ampelocissus erdvendbergiana Planch.
Glandularia teucriifolia (M. Martens & Cissus alata Jacq.
Galeotti) Umber Cissus erosa Rich.
Lantana camara L. Cissus sicyoides L.
Lantana canescens Kunth Parthenocissus quinquefolia Planch.
Lantana glandulosissima Hayek Vitis berlandieri Planch.
Lantana trifolia L. Vitis biformis Rose
Lantana velutina M. Martens & Galeotti Vitis bourgaeana Planch.
Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E. Br. ex Britton Vitis nesbittiana Comeaux
& P. Wilson Vitis popenoei J.L. Fennell
Lippia myriocephala Schltdl. & Cham. Vitis tiliifolia Humb. & Bonpl. ex Schult.
Lippia nodiflora Michx. VITTARIACEAE
Lippia umbellata Cav. Polytaenium feei Maxon
Petrea volubilis L. Vittaria graminifolia Kaulf.
Phyla scaberrima (Juss. ex Pers.) WINTERACEAE
Moldenke Drimys winteri J.R. Forst. & G. Forst
Phyla strigulosa (M. Martens & WOODSIACEAE
Galeotti) Moldenke Athyrium filix-femina (L.) Roth
Priva aspera Kunth Woodsia mollis (Kaulf.) J.Sm.
Stachytarpheta jamaicensis Vahl XIMENIACEAE
Tamonea curassavica (L.) Pers. Ximenia americana L.
Tectona grandis L. f. ZAMIACEAE
Verbena bipinnatifida Nutt. Ceratozamia brevifrons Miq. Appendix I
Verbena carolina L. Ceratozamia mexicana Brongn. Appendix I ◊
Verbena ehrenbergiana S. Schauer Ceratozamia morettii Vázq. Torres & Appendix I ◊
Verbena halei Small. Vovides
Verbena litoralis Kunth Dioon edule Lindl. Appendix II ◊
Verbena longifolia M. Martens & Galeotti Zamia inermis Vovides, J.D. Rees & Appendix II ◊
Verbena menthifolia Benth. Vázq. Torres
Verbena pinetorum Moldenke Zamia monticola Chamb. Appendix I
Verbena rigida Spreng. ZINGIBERACEAE
VIOLACEAE Alpinia zerumbet (Pers.) B.L. Burtt &
Hybanthus attenuatus (Humb. & Bonpl. R.M. Sm.
ex Schult.) Schulze-Menz Hedychium coronarium J. Koenig
Hybanthus elatus (Turcz.) C.V. Morton Renealmia aromatica Griseb.
Hybanthus mexicanus Ging. ex DC. Renealmia mexicana Klotzsch ex Petersen
Hybanthus parietariifolius Loes. ZYGOPHYLLACEAE
Rinorea guatemalensis Bartlett Kallstroemia pubescens (G. Don) Dandy
Viola hookeriana Kunth
659
95 (4): 610-659, 2017

Vegetation of Sierra Chiconquiaco, Ver

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Vegetation of Sierra Chiconquiaco, Ver

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

MAITE LASCURAIN-RANGEL1*, SERGIO AVENDAÑO-REYES2, MIGUEL CHÁZARO-

BASAÑEZ3, DANIEL GEISSERT-KIENTZ4, RAFAEL VILLEGAS-PATRACA5, CÉSAR

Delineation and zonation. Delineation of the Sierra de Chiconquiaco is based on morpho-struc-

Results and discussion

Figure 1. Map of the Sierra

Figure 2. Slope gradient in

Figure 3. Landforms and

Species/Publication year Family Vegetation

Oak – pine forest 22.29 0.61

Figure 4. Zones with little

Figure 5. Potential sites for

Alophia veracruzana Goldblatt & T.M. Howard Iridaceae

Through analysis of geomorphological attributes in a geographic information system, the bound-

Ferrari L, Tagami T, Eguchi M, Orozco-Esquivel T, Pretone CM, Jacobo-Albarrán J, López-Martínez M.

You might also like