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    Abhishek Isaac Mathew
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    Amoebas are single-celled eukaryotic organisms classified in the kingdom Protista. They move using pseudopods and feed through phagocytosis, engulfing bacteria, algae and other microorganisms. Amoebas live in moist environments like ponds, soil and the intestines of animals. They play an important ecological role by consuming bacteria and are also significant in scientific research due to their simple cellular structure.

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    Amoebas are single-celled eukaryotic organisms classified in the kingdom Protista. They move using pseudopods and feed through phagocytosis, engulfing bacteria, algae and other microorganisms. Amoebas live in moist environments like ponds, soil and the intestines of animals. They play an important ecological role by consuming bacteria and are also significant in scientific research due to their simple cellular structure.

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    317 views28 pages

    Amoeba Seminar Presentation 2

    Uploaded by

    Abhishek Isaac Mathew
    Amoebas are single-celled eukaryotic organisms classified in the kingdom Protista. They move using pseudopods and feed through phagocytosis, engulfing bacteria, algae and other microorganisms. Amoebas live in moist environments like ponds, soil and the intestines of animals. They play an important ecological role by consuming bacteria and are also significant in scientific research due to their simple cellular structure.

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    of 28

    AMOEBA

    Vanessa Yap
    Tamara Ma
    Evan Snee
    Christian Surniawan

    S
    FORMAL CLASSIFICATION
    p
    e
    ci
    e
    s:
    Pr
    Genus:
    ot
    Amoeba
    e
    Family:
    u
    Amoebidae
    s
    Order: Amoebida
    Class: Rhizopoda
    Phylum: Sarcodina
    Kingdom: Protista
    Domain: Eukaryota

    FORMAL CLASSIFICATION

    Cells contain a nucleus & other


    membrane bound organelles
    Organelles fl oating in cytoplasm

    Domain: Eukaryota

    FORMAL CLASSIFICATION

    http://www.daviddarling.info/images/cell_types.gif

    Domain: Eukaryota

    FORMAL CLASSIFICATION
    Protista = Protists
    All eukaryotic
    Mostly unicellular
    Greek god of the
    Sea - Proteus
    http://content60.eol.org/content/2012/09/25/15/57080_or
    ig.jpg (but note that the
    Protista

    the
    kingdom Protista has been abandoned (p.
    617 Reece et al.)
    Kingdom:

    Domain: Eukaryota

    FORMAL CLASSIFICATION

    Eukaryotic
    Unicellular
    No colour, transparent, changes shape

    Genus: Amoeba

    FORMAL CLASSIFICATION

    Prefer moist environments


    Puddles, ponds
    Salt water
    Animals
    Humans
    Wet soil

    Genus: Amoeba

    SPECIES
    Proteus
    Naegleria fowleri

    http://www.microscopy-uk.org.uk/mag/imgsep01/amoebaproteus450.jpg

    AMOEBA ANATOMY

    AMOEBA ANATOMY
    Nucleus: Genetic info and control center
    Reproduction: Amoebas reproduce through
    Mitotic Cell Division (Binary Fission)
    Cell Membrane: Holds it all together and is
    semi permeable allowing it to breathe
    through the process of Cellular Respiration.
    The intake of O 2 and output of CO 2

    AMOEBA ANATOMY

    Food Vacuole- Stores food and forms ONLY


    after the Amoeba engulfs its prey through
    Phagocytosis. Digestive enzymes in the
    vacuole break down the food into nutrients
    The Amoeba preys on things such as algae, bacteria, plant
    cells, protozoa and metazoa (multicellular organisms)

    Cytoplasm- Absorbs the nutrients broken


    down from the enzymes and also aids in
    movement of the Amoeba
    Contractile Vacuole- Recycles H 2 O content
    and excretes waste

    AMOEBA ANATOMY

    Pseudopods A unique characteristic


    of the Amoeba
    Amoebas move and feed by
    pseudopods

    AMOEBA ANATOMY

    They are an extension of cytoplasm that


    result in a change in viscosity. They come off
    of the cell surface of the Amoeba and
    grasp onto things allowing for Amoeboid
    Movement
    The pseudopod also allows for the Amoeba
    to eat as it engulfs its food by surrounding it
    and engulfi ng it through Phagocytosis
    Remember: The food is engulfed by the pseudopod and
    then after the food vacuole is formed

    AMOEBA ANATOMY

    Pseudopod engulfi ng food

    http://www.youtube.com/watch?v
    =pvOz4V699gk

    Fig. 2

    ECOLOGY OF THE AMOEBA


    Live primarily in soils and ponds and prey upon
    bacteria. Also found in sewage systems, the air,
    within vertebrates, and many other places . Where
    there is bacteria, there are amoeba.
    Amoeba also eat algae, which
    is why they so densely populate
    ponds and lakes. Despite their
    small size, their numbers can
    keep an entire lakes worth of
    algae at bay.
    Live within fi rst 30 micrometres underwater
    Fig.
    1
    Also rest on submerged plants and animals

    AMOEBAS LIVING CONDITION


    FACTORS
    pH
    Temperature
    Amount of sulfhydric acid
    Salinity

    ECOLOGY OF THE AMOEBA

    Amoeba can carry lethal diseases to humans,


    such as Legionella pneumophilia Causes
    Legionnaires Disease, fever, chills, cough,
    vomit, abnormal heart rate
    Amoeba can also be helpful however, and have
    been put to use in sewage facilities, as well as
    on tree roots to prey upon intruding bacteria.
    Further tests are being done to determine the
    amoebas true importance in the environment.

    SIGNIFICANCE

    Important ecologically and medically


    They are at the base of food web in
    aquatic and terrestrial communities
    Prey on bacteria purifi es water
    supply

    SIGNIFICANCE

    Used in research to determine the


    interactions and functions of cytoplasm
    with nucleus
    Using the simple cell to understand
    how human proteins mutate to treat
    Alzheimer's

    SIGNIFICANCE
    Useful in studying:
    Phagocytosis - engulfing a
    microorganism to digest because it is
    a protist
    Signal transduction molecular
    signals of a cell for appropriate
    responses

    SIGNIFICANCE

    Chemotaxis the movement of an


    organism/cell by certain chemicals
    Ex. swimming towards delicious
    food, or away from poison
    Cellular differentiation

    SIGNIFICANCE

    Cell motility the process cell movements


    as it develops and maintains an organism
    Cytokinesis process where the
    cytoplasm divides to produce two
    daughter cells
    Used to understand how drugs function
    for medical treatments

    QUESTIONS

    T/F: Amoebas feed on algae, bacteria, humans and plant

    cells.

    True
    How does an Amoeba move?
    Pseudopods
    Amoebas serve what purpose in their natural
    environment?
    Eating bacteria

    What was the name of the Greek god that the first
    organism resembling an amoeba was named after?
    Greek god of the Sea - Proteus

    BONUS QUESTION

    What show are the Amoeba Boys


    featured in?
    Power Puff Girls

    REFERENCES
    Author unknown. Protista (Amoeba).
    http://leavingbio.net/amoeba/amoeba.htm.
    (Accessed 23 September 2014).
    Azcapotzalco D.F. 1994. Ecology of free-living
    amoebae,
    Vol. 20, No. 3, Pages 225-241
    Enchanted Learning. 2001. http://
    www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/protists/
    amoeba.shtml. (Accessed 24 September 2014).

    REFERENCES
    Council- Garcia, C. UNM Biology Undergraduate Labs.
    Retrieved September 30, 2014, from http://
    biology.unm.edu/ccouncil/Biology_203/
    Summaries/Protists.htm
    DeNoon, D. (2011, August 18). Brain-Eating Amoeba FAQ.
    Retrieved September 30, 2014, from http://
    www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?
    articlekey=148425
    Figure 1: http://www.redorbit.com/news/science/
    1112442335/close-family-ties-keep-microbial- cheatersin-check/. (Accessed 22 September 2014).
    Figure 2. http://www.microscopy-uk.org.uk/mag/
    imagsmall/ amoebafeeding3.jpg. (Accessed 25
    September 2014).

    REFERENCES
    McIver, S. (n.d.). The Amoebae. Retrieved September
    30,
    2014, from http://www.bms.ed.ac.uk/research/
    others/smaciver/amoebae.htm
    Painter, T. (2014, January 1). Amoeba. Retrieved
    September 30, 2014, from
    http://www.fcps.edu/islandcreekes/ecology/ amoeba.htm
    Patterson, David J. Amoebae: Protists Which Move and
    Feed Using Pseudopodia.
    2000. http://tolweb.org/notes/?note_id=51.
    (Accessed 22 September 2014).
    PJ, Footler. Useful Social Amoeba. 19 February 2014.
    http://www.pharmaceutical-journal.com/opinion/
    blogs/useful-social-amoeba/11134640.blog.
    (Accessed 24 September 2014).

    REFERENCES
    Roger, Andersen, and Andrew Rogerson. January 2011.
    http://
    www.els.net/WileyCDA/ElsArticle/refIda0001961.html. (Accessed 23 September 2014).
    RT. Simple Amoeba Can Help Fight Alzheimers
    Research. 26
    January 2014. http://rt.com/news/uk-science-amoebaalzheimer-215/. (Accessed 22 September 2014).
    The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. Amoeba. 3 March
    2014. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/
    21174/amoeba. (Accessed 24 September 2014).

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