Kansas flora - BiodIS

AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION 

KANSAS STATE COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE 

A N D APPLIED SCIENCE 

MANHATTAN, KANSAS 

FLORA OF KANSAS 

By FRANK C. GATES 

PRINTED BY KANSAS STATE PRINTING PLANT 

W. C. AUSTIN, STATE PRINTER 

TOPEKA 1940 

18-1646

Annotated List of the Plants of Kansas: 

Ferns and Flowering Plants 1 

With maps showing distribution of species 

BY 

FRANK C. GATES 

Kansas State College 

1940 

1. Contribution No. 391 from the Department of Botany, Kansas State College.

Annotated List of the Plants of Kansas: Ferns and 

Flowering Plants 1 

FRANK C. GATES 

INTRODUCTION 

The purpose of this publication is to enumerate the ferns and flowering 

plants that occur in Kansas. This is especially desirable as no list has been 

available for many years; the most recent is a series of maps showing distribution 

of Kansas specimens in the Kansas State Herbarium, published by Prof. 

A. S. Hitchcock some 40-odd years ago. Some years later B. B. Smyth 

projected a complete list, but lived to assemble but a third of it. 

HISTORY 

Early History. Perusal of the journals of some of the early travelers and 

surveyors discloses incidental mention of a number of plants, largely without 

definite information as to localities. With definite settlement and the establishment 

of schools, more attention was given to the state flora. Most Kansas 

plant collections were distributed to eastern herbaria, and a few plants collected 

by F. H. Snow were the nucleus of a herbarium at Kansas University. 

These and other collections and various lists were the basis of a list of some 

1,082 plants of the Kansas flora by J. A. Carruth (Centennial Catalogue of the 

Plants of Kansas, in Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science 5:40-59, 

1877). About this time small collections by M. A. Carleton and W. A. Kellerman 

established the state herbarium at Manhattan. The fine Rooks county 

collection by Elam Bartholomew was made in this period. 

The results of some of these collections were expressed in lists published in 

the Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science. They reflect the considerable 

nomenclatorial difficulties of the period. 

Hitchcock Period. During the 1890's, the years in which A. S. Hitchcock 

was head of the Botany Department at Kansas State Agricultural College, very 

active collecting was carried on throughout the state with the ultimate goal 

of a complete collection from every county. A really remarkable volume of 

collecting was done by Hitchcock and his associates. These included, particularly, 

G. L. Clothier, H. N. Whitford and J. B. Norton. An important collection 

of Wyandotte county plants was made by K. K. Mackenzie, of Kansas 

City, Mo. These collections served as the basis of the set of maps of Kansas 

plants mentioned previously: Flora of Kansas, by A. S. Hitchcock, Manhattan, 

Kansas, 1899. (A series of maps illustrating the distribution of flowering 

plants by counties. Determinations by the author and various specialists. 

Maps prepared by J. B. Norton and J. M. Westgate.) 

Smyth Period. Following the transfer of Professor Hitchcock to the National 

Herbarium at Washington, D. C., further work towards a flora of Kansas 

1. Contribution No. 391, from the Department of Botany, Kansas State College. Assisted 

by a grant from the Kansas Academy of Science. 

(3)

100 

KANSAS STATE COLLEGE BULLETIN THE FLORA OF KANSAS 5 

was carried on by B. B. Smyth, curator of the State Museum of Natural 

History in Topeka. He had published lists of Kansas plants, the fourth, 

entitled "Plants and Flowers of Kansas," published in 1900, by Crane & Co., 

of Topeka. With his wife, Lumina C. Riddle Smyth, he had in prospect a fifth 

and more complete catalogue of Kansas plants, but lived to complete only 

about a third of the task. This was published in the Transactions of the 

Kansas Academy of Science, 24:273-295, 1911, and 25:63-128, 1912. 

Smyth's own herbarium contained in addition to about 4,000 sheets of 

mounted Kansas plants, many bundles of plants without labels. This herbarium 

was donated to Kansas State College by gift of his widow (Lumina C. R. 

Smyth) in 1926. Unfortunately, specimen evidence for many of the plants 

included in his lists was not forthcoming. 

Gates Period. With the coming of the author to Kansas State in 1919, an 

active state flora program was set up. During the past twenty years more 

than 15,000 Kansas specimens have been added to the state herbarium. Comprehensive 

collections were made in Ellsworth, Clay and Sheridan counties by 

Clement Weber, in Saline county by John Hancin, Cloud county by S. V. 

Fraser, Wabaunsee county by Pearl Maus, Sedgwick county by Sister Aquinas, 

and Geary county by the author. Less complete collections were made in 

Washington county by T. C. Dodd, Jr., Linn county by B. F. Bush, Cherokee 

county by Anna and Nellie Jacobs, and Cheyenne county by Anna Jacobs 

Steller, besides miscellaneous collections by Ben Osborn, E. J. Palmer, H. C. 

Benke, Bennington Ross, Mrs. H. L. Brownlee, Mrs. Oscar Olson, P. A. 

Rydberg, P. R. Edwards, W. Wahl, T. E. Brooks, Dale Good, Mrs. Fred 

Muck, and Ralph H. Imler, together with many others who have occasionally 

sent in a few plants. To all of these we are greatly indebted for their 

interest in furthering a knowledge of the state flora. 

LOCATION AND AREA 

Kansas lies in the center of the United States. The general shape of the 

state is rectangular. The north and south boundaries are the parallels of 40° N. 

and 37° N., respectively, the western boundary is 102° 1' 34" W., and the eastern 

boundary is the Missouri river and 94° 38' W. This area, about 210 miles 

north-south and 410 miles east-west, encloses an area of about 82,000 square 

miles, of which about 380 are water surface. 

PHYSIOGRAPHIC REGIONS (Map 1) 

The following table, containing the pertinent items from "Physiographic 

Divisions of the United States," by Nevim M. Fenneman, 2 shows that Kansas 

is largely within two of the great physiographic provinces and contains an 

almost insignificant part of a third province. It is of great interest to note 

here that from a vegetational standpoint, the insignificant six odd square miles 

of Ozark Plateaus contain more species of plants which occur nowhere else in 

the state, than any other area considerably larger. 

2. Annals of the Assoc. Amer. Geographers 6:19-98. 1917. 

MAJOR DIVISION. Province. Section. 

Interior Plains 12. Central Lowland 12e. Dissected Till Plains. 

12f. Osage Plains. 

13. Great Plains 13d. High Plains. 

These sections are characterized by Fenneman as follows: 

12e. Submaturely to maturely eroded till plains. 

12f. Old scarped plains beveling faintly inclined strata. 

13d. Broad intervalley remnants of smooth fluviatile plains. 

13e. Maturely dissected plateau. 

14a. Submature to mature plateaus. 

The entire state is essentially an undulating plain, gently sloping from west 

to east with an average drop of about seven feet per mile. There is a 

secondary slope in the eastern part of the state from north to south, which 

the course of the rivers south of the Kansas river makes quite evident. The 

greatest elevation is 4,135 feet in Wallace county adjoining the Colorado state 

line. The lowest point is about 700 feet in the southeast, where the Verdigris 

river crosses the Oklahoma boundary from Montgomery county. 

DRAINAGE 

In the north half of the state the Republican-Smoky Hill-Kansas river system 

flows the full length of the state, west to east. In the south half of the 

state the Cimarron and Arkansas rivers flow east and south, in the southeast 

sixth the shorter Verdigris and Neosho rivers drain southward, while the 

Osage river drains eastward. These are perennial streams, but irregular in 

amount of flow and are subject to overflow in times of heavy rainfall. 

TOPOGRAPHIC DIVISIONS 

13e. Plains Border. 

Interior Highlands 14. Ozark Plateaus 14a. Springfield-Salem Plateaus. 

fOzarkian Highlands). . 

As shown by map 2, there are several natural topographic regions, distinguished 

by peculiarities which are largely explainable by the surface rock. The 

east third has been called the Osage Plains. They are distinguished by the 

many east-facing escarpments, which trend irregularly from north to south 

across the state. They vary in height from less than 50 feet to more than 400 

feet. The most prominent are known as the Flint Hills, particularly well seen 

southeast of Manhattan to Cottonwood Falls and west of Eureka. Edges of 

hard limestones make the escarpments, while between them the gently rolling 

plains have been made from softer rocks. 

The Smoky Hills Upland, in the north central part of the state, owes its 

origin to the exposure of the moderately hard, thick, brown Dakota sandstone. 

It also forms an east-facing escarpment, less regular than limestone escarpments 

and with numerous outlying hills. 

The Blue Hills Upland, a short distance farther west, is produced by hard 

limestone in the Cretaceous. Many spurs eastward form divides between the 

east-flowing streams.

6 

KANSAS STATE COLLEGE BULLETIN THE FLORA OF KANSAS 

MAP 2. Physiographic map of Kansas. 

(Used with permission.) 

South of the Blue and Smoky Hill uplands is a large, flat area known as 

the Great Bend Prairie, lying largely in the great bend of the Arkansas river, 

but reaching northeastward to McPherson. Parts of this region are sand dunes 

or are covered by small hummocky hills that were once sand dunes. 

South of the Great Bend Prairie are the Cimarron Breaks, in which the 

higher country to the north and west is suddenly interrupted by a prominent 

escarpment carved by steep southward-flowing streams, most of which are 

tributaries of the Cimarron and Medicine Lodge rivers. Much of the rock of 

this area is red shale or fine, red sandstone, giving rise to red soils and 

exposures. 

The remaining, or western third of the state, is called the High Plains. The 

land surface rises gradually westward to the flanks of the Rockies in central 

Colorado. In northwestern Kansas the High Plains have been carved by east 

and northeast flowing streams so as to form long uplands between the streams 

with many rounded hills formed by the tributary drainage. In central western 

and in southwestern Kansas, on the other hand, the country is almost undissected. 

Low bluffs border the Arkansas river on the north and in part on 

the south. East of Lakin there is a belt of prominent sand hills on the south 

side of the Arkansas river. 

The soil of the upland prairies is generally a deep, rich silt loam of dark 

color The bbttom lands near the streams are brown to grayish brown sandy 

loams while the portions of the valleys most distant from the streams are 

rich deep, dark-brown loams with but little sand. These soils are easily cultivated, 

free of stones and are productive. Exceptional spots are of a stiffer 

clay less easily worked. The extreme southwest section is predominantly 

sandy. 

CLIMATE 

The climate of Kansas is, as one would expect from its midcontinental position, 

one of great extremes and sudden changes in temperature, precipitation' 

and wind. Temperature extremes vary from 121° to —34° F., and the 

averages are relatively moderate. The average precipitation varies from about 

40 inches a year in the southeast to about 15 inches a year in the extreme west. 

The rainfall at any point may vary widely from year to year, the extremes m 

western Kansas being from less than 10 inches to more than 30 inches and m 

eastern Kansas from less than 20 inches to more than 55 inches. In addition, 

its distribution is often unsatisfactory to vegetation. Rain often comes m 

torrential storms between which are long periods of drought. In general, however, 

the time of greatest average rainfall is the late spring and early summer 

months when it is most needed by the prevailing grass type of vegetation. A 

second but smaller peak is expected in the autumn. Blizzards with snow or 

sleet and tornadoes with their funnel clouds are not unknown. Occasionally 

ice storms may severely damage trees. Snow is seldom experienced in generous 

amounts nor does it usually remain long on the ground, however, it may 

afford considerable protection against cold and drought. 

In a period of 52 years the annual means of precipitation in the west 

part of the state have varied from 11.93 to 29.21 inches (average 19.21), in the 

central part from 18.58 to 34.30 (average 26.68), in the east from 26.00 to 45.71 

(average 34.78); while the mean for the state ranges from 20.12 to 35.50 

(average 27.12). 

7

8 

100 KANSAS STATE COLLEGE BULLETIN 

Over a period of 52 years the January mean temperatures in the west part 

of the state have varied from 37.8° F. in 1914 to 17.9° in 1930 (average 29.6°); 

in the central part from 39.7° in 1933 to 18.0° in 1930 (average 29.8°); in the 

eastern part from 41.5° in 1933 to 17.7° in 1930 (average 30.2°); while the 

July mean temperatures in the western part of the state have varied from 

85.6° in 1934 to 72.5° in 1906 and 1915 (average 78.2°); in the central part 

from 88.5° in 1934 to 73.8° in 1891 and 1906 (average 80.0°); and in the eastern 

part from 87.5° in 1934 to 73.8° in 1891 (average 79.1°). The annual mean 

for the state ranges from 87.2° in July, 1934 to 17.9° in January, 1930 (average 

54.9°). 

While averages are used in expressing meteorological features of climate, 

it is the extremes that usually play the most important role in affecting 

plants. This fact has been effectively demonstrated by the recent severe 

droughts, which not only set back the forest vegetation in the eastern part 

of the state, but also the grass which was killed back or even completely 

killed out over large areas in the Flint Hills and elsewhere, such as had never 

before happened during white man's occupation of the region. 

(Complete meteorological data for the state are to be found in publications 

of the U. S. Weather Bureau. The data used above were kindly furnished by 

S. D. Flora, Meteorologist, II. S. Weather Bureau, Topeka, Kan.) 

GEOLOGY 3 

The rock formations of Kansas which crop out, or which are merely concealed 

by a covering of soil, consist chiefly of shale, limestone and sandstone. 

These are consolidated rocks, but in central and western Kansas there are large 

areas of unconsolidated or only partially solidified sediments. Most of the 

rock layers were originally deposited in sea water, which at several periods 

during geological history covered this part of the continent. Some formations, 

including especially the unconsolidated materials, are deposits made by streams 

or by the wind. In northeastern Kansas there are deposits made by glaciers. 

The oldest rocks known in the Kansas region are granites and similar 

crystallin rocks, encountered in deep borings. They are known as pre-Cambrian. 

A feature of special importance is the "buried mountains" which the crystallin 

rocks make from near Arkansas City to Seneca and beyond. In northern 

Kansas the top of the granite rises to within about 500 feet of the surface. 

The slight arching of the strata above this ridge has controlled accumulation 

of oil and gas in some of the largest pools of the state, notably in the 

El Dorado district. Similar but less prominent ridges with like trend have 

been discovered in exploration for oil in other parts of the state. 

The granitic rocks of pre-Cambrian age are overlain by Cambrian and 

Ordovician marine strata consisting mainly of limestone and some sandstone. 

These rocks are known only from wells. The Ordovician is one of the most 

important oil-bearing zones in central Kansas. 

The next younger group of rocks, also marine limestones, is known as 

Silurian. It has been penetrated by many wells in north central Kansas and 

is probably present in northeastern Kansas, but is not known elsewhere. Devonian 

rocks, which normally occur above the Silurian, may be present locally, 

but have not been definitely identified. 

3. Largely from a summary by R. C. Moore, State Geologist. 

THE FLORA OF KANSAS 9 

The Mississippian rocks consist mainly of limestone, but have at the base 

a persistent shale. These strata underlie most of eastern and central Kansas 

and are exposed at the surface in the extreme southeast corner of the state. 

They contain lead and zinc ore which is mined in Cherokee county, and in 

places underground there is much oil and gas. 

The Pennsylvanian rocks, sometimes called the Coal Measures because of 

their great deposits of coal, overlie the Mississippian and compose the surface 

of the eastern fourth of Kansas. They consist of alternating layers of shale, 

limestone, sandstone and coal, in part marine and in part nonmarine. These 

rocks are divided into seven groups, the oldest (Cherokee) being exposed in 

the east. Proceeding westward we come successively to the Marmaton, the 

Kansas City, the Lansing, the Douglas, the Shawnee, ending in the youngest 

(Wabaunsee) farthest west. Hard rock layers form prominent escarpments 

which trend northeast and southwest across the state. In this region the strata 

slope gently downward toward the northwest at an average rate of about 25 

feet per mile. 

The Permian rocks occupy a belt that crosses east central Kansas and the 

south central part of the state. The lower part of this system consists of alternating 

shale and limestone beds and in places underground there are immense 

deposits of rock salt. The higher part consists largely of red sandstone and 

shale. Locally there are important beds of gypsum. 

After deposition of the Permian rocks there was an interval of some millions 

of years during which there is no record of deposition of rock sediments in 

Kansas. Eventually, however, a great series of strata was formed which covers 

all of western Kansas and which now shows at the surface in a large part of 

north central Kansas and in stream valleys in the western part of the state. 

These rocks are called the Cretaceous. At the base of the Cretaceous is the 

prominent brownish sandstone called Dakota, which forms the Smoky Hill 

uplands. Next higher are marine shales, limestones and chalk beds which 

form the Blue Hills upland. 

During Tertiary time western Kansas, at least, was covered by sand, clay 

and gravel deposited by streams flowing eastward from the Rocky Mountains. 

This deposit now occupies all of the divides between the streams and constitutes 

the so-called High Plains, a pasture and wheat-growing country. 

Deposits younger than the Tertiary consist of alluvium along the larger 

stream valleys and of loose sand that in places is shifted by wind to form 

dunes. Northeastern Kansas contains deposits of glacial till and boulders. 

Flora of Kansas: General 

Although in ancient geological periods the area included in Kansas was 

under the ocean at times and at others was covered with forests in which 

spruce was represented, at the present time the state is located nearly completely 

within the prairie vegetational province. The central or deciduous 

hardwood forest province is meagerly represented on uplands along the eastern 

edge of the state in parts of the counties along the Missouri boundary. 

This province extends a little farther westward in the counties north of the 

Kansas river. From the main area, however, fingers or tongues extend up all 

the principal streams and many of the branches much farther west, but hardly 

across the" state. A small representation of the Ozarkian element is present 

9


in the approximately six square miles at the extreme southeastern corner of 

the state. 

In the western, particularly the southwestern part of Kansas, there is a 

scanty representation of Sonoran Province elements. 

The plant population is not static, as the following considerations will bring 

out. By far the greatest change that has taken place in the ecological botany 

of Kansas has been the transfer of immense tracts of land from native prairie 

and plains to cultivation—a cultivation of grasses, however, for the most part. 

Also there has been a marked change in native grass pastures and meadows 

caused by intensive grazing and persistent mowing. The native flora has 

thus been forced to out-of-the-way places, as railroad rights of way, rocky 

hillsides, erodible land, waste land, areas subject to many floods, stream banks, 

etc. Even in such conditions grazing has been a disturbing factor. 

The forest situation recently has been ameliorated, however, with the passing 

of the days of great prairie fires. Investigation has shown that the obvious 

westward movement of eastern forest species in at least the eastern third of 

Kansas has been back to land that, in the absence of prairie fires, should have 

been covered with forest—in other words, a reoccupation rather than a migration. 

Present-day attention to soil conservation and the checking of erosion 

on certain types of land will greatly enhance this reoccupation and may indeed 

further actual invasion of prairie land. Actual invasion of prairie land by forest 

from Manhattan westward is an exceedingly slow process. What little progress 

had been made in the vicinity of Manhattan in the past fifty years was more 

than wiped out by the recent series of severe drought years, particularly 

1932-1936. 

There is no evidence to indicate a tendency of the Rocky Mountain coniferous 

forest to proceed eastward into Kansas, unless the plants of Cercocarpus 

montanus, which have sprung up in places in the Republican river drainage 

system following the great floods of 1935, are accepted as exceedingly meager 

evidence. A few northwestern grasses enter the northwestern county (Cheyenne) 

and recently (1938) a northwestern variety, Festuca octoflora hirtella has been 

found in Ellis county. 

The pushing northeastward of southwestern elements is quite obvious, on 

the other hand. This lends support to the present tendency towards a warmer 

and drier climate, although actual measurements of amount are hardly possible. 

By breaking up the land it may also be true that a chance to enter 

grassland is made more possible and such invasion and ecesis is now more 

frequent. The mitigation of prairie fires has assisted such establishment. In 

spite of the many strong winds to blow seeds in from the southwest, one must 

remain impressed, however, with the slowness of such migrations. 

Movement from the south (Oklahoma and Texas) is shown in a few cases, 

particularly by Prosopis glandulosa, but is not proceeding any faster than that 

from the southwest. 

The introduction of new plants from various parts of the world goes on 

continually. Many such plants cannot persist except under cultivation. Ulmus 

pumila, a Chinese elm, which has been planted in great numbers, is, however, 

an example of one such introduction that is showing signs of ability to persist 

after escape. 

New weeds put in appearance with alarming frequency. Seldom can the 


exact occasion be put on record. Introductions in packing material, or m 

seeds to plant, or by wind, or by water are the commonest means. The failure 

to recognize the importance of control of weeds either at the time of first 

appearance or subsequently is commonplace. 

Among recent more serious weeds may be enumerated: puncture vine 

(Tribulus terrestris) and summer cypress or burning bush (Kochm scopana 

and trichophylla) both of which have had a phenomenal spread nearly throughout 

the state. The first is quite annoying and the latter is in some degree a 

poisonous plant. Less abundant, but more disastrous, are the white weed 

(Lepidium draba), and Russian knapweed (Centaurea picris) with root systems 

against which no adequate attack has been organized. They vie with the field 

bindweed (Convolvulus arvensis) introduced many years ago, as serious pests. 

Among others are shepherd's purse (Capsella burs^pastoris) and penny cress 

(Thlaspi arvense), whose abundance in the last few drought springs has led to 

tainted milk in several dairy herds. 

ECOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION 

In the following table is given a brief and incomplete outline of the major 

ecological groupings of plants found more commonly in Kansas. 

DECIDUOUS HARDWOOD FOREST PROVINCE 

Xeric-mesic 

Acer saccharum association 

Quercus-Carya associations 

Sapindus association 

Ozarkian Quercus-Carya association 

Thicket associations 

Hydric 

Ulmus-Acer saccharinum association. 

Populus-Salix association 

Margin associations 

Submerged-Potamogeton association 

PRAIRIE PROVINCE 

Xeric-mesic 

Prairie Andropogon furcatus-Stipa association 

Andropogon scoparius association 

Sand prairie-Eragrostis trichodes association 

Panicum virgatum association 

Sand dune associations 

Plains Buchloe-Bouteloua association 

Hydric 

Marsh associations 

Paspalum floridanum glabratum association 

Spartina pectinata association 

Salt marsh associations 

Distichlis association 

Alkali flat associations 

River bank associations

100 KANSAS STATE COLLEGE BULLETIN THE FLORA OF KANSAS 13 

NATIVE HABITATS 

In the extreme eastern part of Kansas wooded uplands are found on a 

comparatively small scale. Lowlands, stream sides and rocky banks generally 

are wooded unless the trees have been removed by man. The Ozarkian plateau 

in the extreme southeast corner of the state, with largely acid upland soil, is 

also wooded. Nonwooded habitats include a few marshes, streams, lakes and 

tall-grass prairies. 

In central Kansas the prevailing habitats are the prairie, with transition 

from the tall-grass prairie at the east to the short-grass prairie farther west. 

The total effect is that of transition although the actual occurrence is in 

irregular patches. Along the larger streams are forests—the tongues or fingers 

extending westward from the forest body east of Kansas. Salt marshes are 

present in south central Kansas with some sandhill and eroded canyons in 

Meade and adjoining counties. 

In the western third of the state the prevailing habitat is the short-grass 

plains, relieved in locally wetter spots by patches of taller grass prairie; sandhills 

in the part south of the Arkansas river and some alkali flats. Along the 

larger streams of the northeastern part of the western third, the tongues of 

forest land are still present, but farther west the streams flow through grassland. 

ARTIFICIAL OR ANTHROPEIC HABITATS 

The operation of the anthropeic or human factor upon the native habitats 

has resulted in part in the modification, often great, of the native habitats 

and the development of some more or less new habitats such as railroad ballast, 

rights of way of roads and railroads, wasteland, marginal land of towns and 

cities, parkings, cultivated land, coal-mine strip land (in the southeast where 

overburden is piled to one side to permit the removal of coal), parks, recreational 

centers, artificial lakes, and stock watering ponds. 

GROWTH FORMS 

At the end of the statement regarding each plant the growth form is given 

according to the Raunkiaer system. This system is based on the position of 

the overwintering buds with reference to the ground. This includes five 

principal classes: phanerophytes, chamaephytes, hemicryptophytes, cryptophytes, 

and therophytes. The phanerophytes are divided into megaphanerophytes, 

higher than 30 meters, mesophanerophytes from 7.5 to 30 meters, microphanerophytes 

2-7.5 meters, and nanophanerophytes 0.25-2 meters. The chamaephytes 

are those with buds visible throughout the winter from the ground up 

to 0.25 meter. The hemicryptophytes have their buds located just below the 

surface of the ground, either at the base of the current year's stem, or on 

offshoots which angle toward the surface of the ground. 

Cryptophytes include those whose overwintering buds are distinctly below 

the surface of the ground. They are subdivided into geophytes and helophytes. 

In the latter case, the buds are beneath the ground, beneath water. If the 

plants project above the water during the growing season they are known as 

helophytes and if they remain below the surface of the water, as hydrophytes. 

The last group is the therophytes, which are annual plants overwintering as 

seeds. In this group are also included winter annuals and biennials, principally 

because of their short life, although, properly speaking, they are usually hemicryptophytes 

during their only winter. 

LIST OF KANSAS PLANTS 

With the appearance in 1932 of Rydberg's "Flora of the Prairies and Plains 

of Central North America" it was possible to begin active work in assembling 

this list. 

An endeavor has been made to bring the nomenclature up to date in accord 

with the international rules. In this the catalogue of Missouri plants published 

for E. J. Palmer and J. A. Steyermark by the Missouri Botanical 

Garden (Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 22:375-758, 1935, and 25:775- 

794, 1938) has been a great aid. 

No attempt is made to go into the synonymy of the various plants. It will 

be sufficient to indicate the names in Rydberg's "Flora of the Prairies and 

Plains" (R), the second edition of Britton and Brown's "Illustrated Flora" 

(B&B), or in the seventh edition of Gray's "Manual" (G)—the books mostly 

used in naming plants in Kansas at the present time—when they differ from 

those used in this list. 

Popular names given are those largely in actual use, insofar as the author 

is acquainted with them. Encouragement is made in using the name of the 

genus for popular name when no regular English name is in actual use. 

The sources of information upon which this list has been made are primarily 

the collection of plants in the Herbarium of Kansas State College, a collection 

in which each of the 105 counties in the state is represented by more than 100 

species. With but perhaps two or three exceptions, it is estimated that at least 

35 percent of the flora of each county is now represented in the state herbarium 

and in several counties the representation is well above 95 percent. These 

extensive collections have been supplemented by those at the State University 

in Lawrence, the Fort Hays Kansas State College at Hays, which is particularly 

rich in Ellis county plants, Kansas State Teachers College at Emporia, 

particularly rich in Lyon county plants, and that of the Sacred Heart Academy 

of Wichita, rich in Sedgwick county plants. A few private collections were 

examined, including that of Mr. Clyde W. Miller, of Mahaska, Washington 

county; that of Mr. T. C. Dodd, Jr., of near Linn, Washington county, and 

that of Mr. Bennington Ross, of Crawford county. 

In as far as available, citations of Kansas plants in recently appearing monographs 

were taken into account. 

Efforts to locate specimens of several plants definitely credited to Kansas in 

various manuals, but which are not in the Kansas State Herbarium, were on 

the whole unsuccessful. Entry for such plants is provisional in the list. 

LIST OF PLANTS WITHOUT SPECIMEN EVIDENCE 

The following list includes those plants, specimens of which have not been 

seen by the author and have not been located in any of the larger herbaria of 

the United States, but which have been definitely credited to Kansas in the 

most recent systematic works, particularly Rydberg's "Flora of the Prairies 

and Plains of Central North America," 1932. A list of those plants is included 

so that if specimens do exist they may come to light.


LIST OF PLANTS DEFINITELY CREDITED TO KANSAS IN RECENT MANUALS (RYD- 

BERG'S "FLORA OF THE PRAIRIES AND PLAINS" UNLESS OTHERWISE STATED) 

BUT WITHOUT KNOWN SPECIMEN EVIDENCE 

Polypodiaceae 

Athyrium acrostichoides (Sw.) Diels. 

Cheilanthus lanosa (Michx.) Watt. 

Pellaea mucronata D. C. Eaton and Pellaea 

pumila Rydb. (Mistakes of identification, 

according to the National Museum.) 

Polypodium polypodioides (L.) Watt. 

Alismataceae 

Sagittaria rigida Pursh. 

Liliaceae 

Trillium viride Beck. 

Veratrum woodii Robbins. 

Yucca baccata Torr. 

Commelinaceae 

Tradescantia hirsutiflora Bush. 

Cyperaceae 

Cyperus rotundus L. 

Poaceae 

Aristida desmantha Trin. & Rupr. fide Smyth. 

Aristida ramosissima Engelm. fide Smyth. 

Aristida wrightii Nash. 

Bromus anomalus Rupr. fide Smyth. 

Calamagrostis inexpansa A. Gray, fide Smyth. 

Glyceria canadensis (Michx.) Trin. 

Panicum gattingeri Nash. 

Panicum scoparium Lam. 

Panicum werneri Scribn. 

Sporobolus gracilis Merr. as S. ejuncidus Nash. 

Orchidaceae 

Cypripedium reginae Walt as C. hirsutum. 

Pogonia ophioglossoides (L.) Ker. 

Triphora trianthophora (Sw.) Rydb. 

Ranunculaceae 

Delphinium exaltatum Ait. 

Ranunculus pusillus Poir. 

Malvaceae 

Callirhoe papaver (Cav.) A. Gray 

Moraceae 

Humulus japonicus Sieb & Zucc. 

Hypericaceae 

Hypericum pseudomaculatum Bush. 

Fumariaceae 

Adlumia fungosa (Ait.) Greene. 

Brassicaceae 

Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. 

Lesquerella globosa (Desv.) S. Wats. 

Stanleya glauca Rydb. 

Illecebraceae (Corrigioloceae) 

Paronychia diffusa A. Nels. 

Caryophyllaceae 

Arenaria fendleri A. Gray 

Arenaria stricta Michx. 

Portulacaceae 

Portulaca neglecta Mack. & Bush. 

Polygonaceae 

Eriogonum corymb osum Benth. 

Polygonum setaceum Baldw. 

Primulaceae 

Dodecatheon radicatum Greene. 

Plantaginaceae 

Plantago heterophylla Nutt. 

Ericaceae 

Vaccinium canadense Kalm. 

Sapotaceae 

Bumelia lycioides (L.) Pers. 

Polemoniaceae 

? Navarretia breweri (A. Gray) Greene. 

Convolvulaceae 

Cuscuta curta (Engelm.) Rydb. 

Boraginaceae 

Cynoglossum virginianum L. 

Heliotropium indicum L. 

Lithospermum officinale L. 

Solanaceae 

Chamaesaracha coronopus (Dunal) A. Gray. 

Solanum citrullifolium A. Br. 

Solanum triquetrum Cav. 

Gentianaceae 

Centaurium texense (Griseb.) Fern. 

Asclepiadaceae 

Asclepias brachystephana Engelm. 

Asclepias variegata L. 

Scrophulariaceae 

Aureolaria grandiflora (Benth.) Pennell. 

Castilleja indivisa Engelm. 

Chelone glabra L. 

Lamiaceae 

Monarda bradburiana Beck. 

Physostegia speciosa Sweet. 

Rosaceae 

Potentilla argentea L. 

Rubus hispidus L. 

Spiraea salicifolia L. 

Spiraea tomentosa L. 

Malaceae 

Malus angustifolia Ait. 

Fabaceae 

Astragalus leptocarpus T. & G. 

Astragalus mexicanus trichocalyx (Nutt.) 

Fernald. 

Desmodium nudiflorum (L.) DC. 

Desmodium pauciflorum (Nutt.) DC. 

Lathyrus venosus Muhl. 

Lupinus plattensis S. Wats. 

Petalostemum pulcherrimum A. Heller. 

Petalostemum tenue (Coult.) A. Heller. 

Thermopsis rhombifolia (Nutt.) Richards. 

Trifolium aureum Poll. 

Vicia caroliniana Walt. 

Vicia ludoviciana Nutt. 

Lythraceae 

Decodon verticillatus (L.) Ell. 

Lythrum lineare L. 

Oenotheraceae 

Epilobium strictum Muhl. 

Gaura michauxii Spach. 

Gaura sinuata Nutt. 

Oenothera perennis L. 

Oenothera spachiana A. & G. 

Cactaceae 

Echinocereus caespitosus Engelm. & Gray. 

Pediocactus simpsoni (Engelm.) Britton & 

Rose. 

Rhamnaceae 

Rhamnus caroliniana Walt. 

Vitaceae 

Vitis rotundifolia Michx. 

Juglandaceae 

Juglans cinerea L. 

Ammiaceae 

Erigenia bulbosa (Michx.) Nutt. 

Spermolepis echinata (Nutt.) Heller. 

Campanulaceae 

Lobelia puberula Michx. 

"Composites" 

Bidens aristosa (Michx.) Britton. 

Bidens laevis (L.) BSP. 

Coreopsis lanceolata villosa Michx. 

Coreopsis verticillata L. 

Marshallia caespitosa Nutt. 

Polymnia uvedalia L. Ks? 

Rudbeckia grandiflora C. C. Gmelin. 

Franseria discolor Nutt. 

Anaphalis margaritacea (L.) Benth. & Hook. 

Gutierrezia linearis Rydb. 

Solidago altissima L. 

Solidago procera Ait. 

Artemisia serrata Nutt. 

Centaurea maculosa Lam. 

Malacothrix sonchoides (Nutt.) T. & G. 

Prenanthes crepidineus Michx. 

Earlier lists of plants contain numerous names which are not repeated m 

the present list. These names were based on misidentifications, unavoidable 

when the study of taxonomy in Kansas was new. When specimens of these 

early collections were preserved, îdentification has made it possible to include 

them under the proper name. , , . . 

Plotting the ranges of many plants as given in current manuals would infer 

presence in Kansas. While such plants might in time be found in Kansas or 

even may have been found, in the absence of specimens, they are not included 

in this list. 

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 

For special favors in looking up specimens and furnishing special information, 

thanks are extended especially to the late A. S. Hitchcock, Mrs. Agnes 

Chase, Wm. R. Maxon, S. F. Blake, C. V. Morton, and J. R. Swallen of the 

National Herbarium; to H. A. Gleason and Wm. H. Camp of the New York 

Botanical Garden; to C. A. Weatherby and M. L. Fernald of the Gray 

Herbarium; to Paul Standley and J. A. Steyermark of the Field Museum; to 

H. K. Svenson of the Brooklyn Botanic Garden; to J. M. Greenman of the 

Missouri Botanical Garden; to Carl Epling of the University of California, 

Los Angeles; to F. J. Hermann of the University of Michigan; to the late 

B. F. Bush; to W. H. Horr of Kansas University; to F. U. G. Agrelius of 

Kansas State Teachers College of Emporia; to F. W. Albertson of Fort Hays 

Kansas State College; to Nellie B. Jacobs for the many hours of stenographic 

work; to Laura Herr, an NYA student, for the making of the maps of distribution; 

and to Prof. L. E. Melchers for his interest and support of the work.


The author realizes that such a piece of work is actually the joint product 

of many persons, known and unknown, to whom grateful acknowledgment 

should be made. 

The author also realizes that where so many points are under consideration, 

lack of knowledge may bring about errors. He hopes that they are few, but 

knows that subsequent study and changes of ideas of species limitation and 

names will come. If this work be a milestone towards more complete knowledge—a 

foundation upon which others may build—the author will feel he 

has done his part. 

To continue to increase our knowledge of the flora of Kansas, continuation 

of cooperation is necessary. To that end additional specimens are welcome, 

especially when they represent additions to those now in the state herbarium 

from counties where they have not been collected. Specimens should be collected 

in duplicate, numbered alike and one of the pair sent in for identification. 

In due time a list of identifications will be returned. Packages should 

be addressed to the Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Kansas State 

College, Manhattan, Kan. 

STATISTICS OF THE KANSAS FLORA 

In the following table is given the number of genera and species by families 

and orders of the native and introduced plants. Wherever a species is present 

as a single-named trinomial, it is counted under the species column. If, however, 

there are additional trinomials for a given species, the additional varieties, 

forms, or hybrids are added in parentheses after the number of species. Species 

which are present only in cultivation are not counted in the tabulation and 

species for which no specimens have been seen are not counted unless they 

are known to occur on at least three sides of the state. If a genus has both 

native and introduced species, the genus is entered only under the native 

column. 

PHYLUM PTERIDOPHYTA 

Family: 

Ophioglossaceae 

Isoetaceae 

Osmundaceae 

Polypodiaeeae 

Marsileaceas 

PHYLUM CALAMOPHYTA 

Equisetaceae 

PHYLUM CYCADOPHYTA 

Ginkgoaceae 

Ephedraceae 

PHYLUM STROBILOPHYTA 

Pinaceae 

PHYLUM ANTHOPHYTA 

Class MONOCOTYLEDONEAE 

Order Alismatales 

Alismataceae 

Typhaceae 

Sparganiaceae 

Potamogetonaceae 

I Genera . 

Intro- 

Native duced 

. 2 

. . 1 

. . 1 

. . 12 

1 

1 

1 

1 

1 1 

4 

1 

1 

3 

, Species—— 

Intro- 

Native duced 

2 

1 

1 

1V( + 1) .. 

1 

4 

1 

1 

1 3 

12 

2 

1 

9 


Family: 

Liliaceae 

A 

t G en era - 

Intro - 

Native duced 

12 8 

Pontederiaceae 2 ^ 

Commelinaceae 

2 

Juncaceae 

2 

Naiadaceae 

1 

Order Liliales 

Araceae 

Lemnaceae 

Cyperaceae 

Poaeeae 

Order Arales 

Order Poales 

Order Hydrales 

Hydrocharitaceae 1 

Order Iridales 

Amaryllidaceae 

Iridaceae 

Dioscoreaceae ^ 

Order Orchidales 

2 

3 

11 

57 19 

2 

3 1 

Orchidaceae 

Class DICOTYI.EDONEAE 

Subclass DICOTYLEDONEAE—AXIFLORAE 

Order Ranales 

Magnoliaceae 

® 

Calycanthaceae 

1 

Anonaceae 

Saururaceae ^ 

Ranunculaceae ^ 

Berberidaceae * * 

Menispermaceae 

3 

Lauraceae 

2 

Nelumbonaceae 

1 

Nymphaeaceae 

2 

Ceratophyllaceae ^ 

Order Malvales 

Malvaceae ® ^ 

Tiliaceae ^ 

Ulmaceae 

2 

Moraceae 

9 9 

Urticaceae 

5 

Order Geraniales 

Geraniaceae ^ ^ 

Oxalidaceae * 

Balsaminaceae 

1 

Linaceae 

1 

Zygophyllaceae 

Rutaceae 

Simarubaceae 

1 2 

o 

Polygalaceae ^ 

Euphorbiaceae ^ 1 

Callitrichaceae 

1 

2—1646 

1 

t Species 

Intro- 

Native duced 

25( + 2) 

4 

7( + 3) 

16(4-2) 

1 

3 

6 

92( + 7) 

173( + 26) 

1 

3 

6 

1 

9( + l) 

1 

1 

25( + 4) 

1 

3 

2 

1 

2 

1 

9 

2 

8( + 3) 

2 

5( + l) 

2 

2 

3 

6 

2 

2(+i: 

4 

38 

1 

6 

1 

1 

50( + 2) 

2 

1 

1 

1 

4 

2 

7 

3 

4 

2 

l(+)3 

2 

2 

1 

3

100 

KANSAS STATE COLLEGE BULLETIN 

Order Hypericales • Genera , 

IfltTO - 

Family: Native duced 

Cistaceae * 2 

Hypericaceae . 2 

Violaceae 3 

Passifloraceae 1 

Order Brassicales 

Papaveraceae 2 l 

Fumariaceae 3 

Resedaceae 2 

Capparidaceae 4 

Brassicaceae 12 14(17) 

Order Caryophyllales 

Illecebraceae 2 

Caryophyllaceae 3 3 

Elatinaceae 2 

Portulacaceae 3 

Aizoaceae 2 

Tamaricaceae 4 

Salicaceae 2 

Phytolaccaceae X 

Amaranthaceae 5 4 

Chenopodiaceae 9 2 

Polygonaceae 3 2 

Nyctaginacaae 2 

Order Primulales 

Primulaceae 4 4 

Plantaginaceae 1 

Order Ericales 

Ericaceae 1 

Order Ebenales 

Sapotaceae 1 

Ebenaceae 1 

Order Polemoniales 

Polemoniaceae 3 

Convolvulaceae 5 

Hydrophyllaceae 3 

Boraginaceae 3 2 

Solanaceae 4 5 

Order Gentianales 

Oleaceae 2 2 

Gentianaceae 3 

Apocynaceae 2 l 

Asclepiadaceae 4 4 

Order Scrophulariales 

Scrophulariaceae 43 3 

Bignoniaceae 4 4 

Martyniaceae 4 

Orobanchaceae 4 

Lentibulariaceae 4 

Acanthaceae 3 

-Species- 

Intro- 

Native duced 

3 

7(+l) 

13(4-4) 

1 

4 

7(4-1) 

4 

31(4-3) 

3 

7(4-1) 

2 

5 

2 

10(4-4) 

1 

9 

22(4-3) 

37(4-2) 

8(4-1) 

5 

9 

3(4-1) 

1 

1 

40(4-3) 7 

1 2 

1 

2 

1 

4 

1 

2 

2 

1 

1 

29( + l) 

11 

2 

1 

9(4-1) 

3(4-1) 

11 

11 

2 

2 

13 1 

15(4-1) 7(4-1) 

5 1 

18 4 

23(4-1) 10(4-1) 

4( + 2) 2 

4 

4(4-4) 1 

23(4-2) 1 

Family: 

Order Lamiales 

THE FLORA OF KANSAS 

Phrymaceae 1 

Verbenaceae 2 

Lamiaceae 14 6 

Subclass DICOTYLEDONEAE—CALYCIFLORAE 

Order Rosales 

Rosaceae 9 

Malaceae 3 2 

Prunaceae 1 

Mimosaceae 4 

Cassiaceae 6 

Krameriaceae 1 

Fabaceae 24 7 

Saxifragaceae 1 

Grossulariaceae 1 

Crassulaceae 2 

Platanaceae 1 

Order Myrtales 

Lythraceae 5 

Melastomaceae 1 

Oenotheraceae 7 

Haloragidaceae 1 

Aristolochiaceae 2 

Order Cactales 

Cactaceae 3 

Order Loasales 

Loasaceae 1 

Cucurbitaceae 4 

Order Celastrales 

Rhamnaceae 2 

Vitaceae 4 

Celastraceae 2 

Ilicaceae 1 

Staphyleaceae 1 

Elaeagnaceae 1 

Santalaceae 1 

Loranthaceae 1 

Order Sapindales 

Sapindaceae 1 

Aesculaceae 1 

Aceraceae - 1 

Anacardiaceae 1 

Juglandaceae 2 

Betulaceae 3 

Fagaceae 1 

Araliaceae . 

Ammiaceae 

Cornaceae . 

Order Umbellales 

Genera- 

Intro- 

Native duced 

1 

23 fi 

1 

18 

( Species > 

Intro- 

Native duced 

1 

9(4-9) 

39(4-1) 

27(4-4) 

19(4-4) 

10(4-5) 

5 

«( + l) 

1 

89( + 15) 

1 

2 

3 

1 

6 

1 

33( + 7) 

3 

3(4-1) 

12 

4 

4 

3( + l) 

10( + 1) 

3 

1 

1 

1 

2 

1 

1 

1(+)1 

« + l) 

5( + 3) 

9( + l) 

4 

12( + 6) 

11 

7( + 2) 

3 

5 

2 

20 

1 

1 

1 

2 

1 

35( + l) 7 

5


Family: 

Order Rubiaceae 

Rubiaceae 5 

Caprifoliaceae 5 

Valerianaceae 1 

Dipsacaceae 

Order Campanulales 

Campanulaceae 3 

Order Asterales 

Helianthaceae 20 

Ambrosiaceae 4 

Heleniaceae 12 

Inulaceae 4 

Asteraceae 21 

Vernoniaceae 2 

Eupatoriaceae 4 

Anthemidaceae 2 

Senecionidaceae 4 

Carduaceae 2 

Lactucaceae 10 

SUMMARY 

/ Genera 

Intro - 

Native duced 

Phylum Pteridophyta 17 

Calamophyta 1 

Cycadophyta 

Strobilophyta 

Anthophyta 

1 1 

540 121 

(Monocotyledoneae) (114) (21) 

(Dicotyledoneae—Axiflorae) (202) (67) 

(Dicotyledoneae—Calyciflorae) (224) (33) 

Total 

, Genera 

Intro- 

Native duced 

MOST IMPORTANT REFERENCES 

f Species 

Intro - 

Native duced 

n(+i) 

8( + l) 

3 

10( + 1) 

63(+5) 

16( + 3) 

22 

9 

65(-|-10) 

6(+3) 

16(+2) 

7(4-5) 

9( + l) 

6(+l) 

19( + 1) 

10 

10 

9(4-1) 

, Species > 

Intro- 

Native duced 

22(+l) 

4 

2 

1 3 

1519(178) 321(4- 11) 

(371 [4-41]) (61 [4"2] ) 

(525[4-53]) (171[ + 61) 

(623E4-85]) (89[ + S]) 

BRITTON N L. Manual of the flora of the northern states and Canada. 3d 

edit. Henry Holt & Co. 1907. 

BRITTON, N. L., and ADDISON BROWN. An illustrated flora of the northern 

United States and Canada, 2d edition. Chas. Scribner's Sons. 1913. 

GATES, FRANK C. Grasses in Kansas. Rept. Kan. St. Bd. Agric., Vol. 55, No. 

220-A. 1937. 

. Wild flowers in Kansas. Rept. Kan. St. Bd. Agric., Vol. 51, No. 204-B. 

1933. 

New forms and nomenclatorial combinations in the Kansas flora. 

Trans. Kan. Acad. Sci. 42:135-138. 1939 (1940). 

HITCHCOCK, A. S. Manual of the grasses of the United States. Misc. Pub. 200, 

U. S. Dept. of Agric. 1935. 

. Flora of Kansas maps. 1899. 

PALMER, E. J., and J. A. STEYERMARK. An annotated catalogue of the flowering 

plants of Missouri. Annals of the Missouri Bot. Gard. 22:375-758. 1935. 

I 

L 

2 

4 

4 

4 

559 124 

683 

3 

L 

1546(4-180) 326(4-11) 

1872(4-191) 

2063 

l 

4 

1 

1 


PETERSEN. N. F. Flora of Nebraska. 3d ed. 1923. 

REHDER, ALFRED. Manual of cultivated trees and shrubs. 1927. 

ROBINSON, B. L., and M. L. FERNALD. Gray's new manual of botany, 7th ed. 

American Book Company. 1908. 

RYDBERG, P. A. Flora of the prairies and plains of central North America. 

N. Y. Bot. Gard. 1932. 

SCOTT CHAS. A., and FRANK C. GATES. Trees in Kansas. Rept. Kan. St. Bd. 

Agric., Vol. 47, No. 186-A. 1928. 

STEMEN, T. R., and W. S. MYERS. Oklahoma flora. 1937. 

Many articles in the Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science. 

RECENT COUNTY LISTS 

FRASER, S. V. The flora of Cloud county. Trans. Kan. Acad. Sci. 34:220-230. 

1931. 

HANCIN, JOHN. The plants of Saline county. Trans. Kan. Acad. Sci. 42:139-149. 

1939 (1940). 

MAUS, PEARL M. Flora of Wabaunsee county, Kansas. Trans. Kan. Acad. Sci. 

32:88-104. 1929. 

SCHAEFER, HELEN I. The plants of Lyon county. (Unpublished.) 

STIEFERMANN, SISTER M. AQUINAS. The seed plants of Sedgwick county, Kansas. 

Trans. Kan. Acad. Sci. 42:179-195. 1939 (1940). 

WEBER, C. Plants that grow in Ellsworth county. Trans. Kan. Acad. Sci. 

32:68-79. 1929. 

. The flora of Clay county, Kansas. Trans. Kan. Acad. Sci. 33:87-106. 

1930. 

. The flora of Sheridan county, Kansas. Trans. Kan. Acad. Sci. 35: 

161-178. 1932. 

MAPS OF DISTRIBUTION 

In the following maps a solid dot (0) indicates the presence of a specimen 

in the Kansas State Herbarium at Manhattan, Kansas, a ring (Q) indicates 

presence at another herbarium, an (X) indicates a recent authoritative record, 

and a (C) indicates that the specimen is in cultivation. The families represented 

on each plate are given below each plate. The numbers are inclusive 

for the whole family, although often spread over two or more plates. 

EXPLANATION OF PLATES 

The numbers following each family indicate the maps of species in that 

family.

100 


l.Botryohitun Ylrglnianiun E.Ophiogloeeum vulgatum 3.Isoetee butlerl 

4.Oraunda regalia 5.A41antum pedatua 6. A Bp Ion Icon platyneuron 

T.ABplanlna r«alll«aa 8.ABplenium trlohomanaa 8».At3grri« "filix-f«mln»" 

S.Athyrlum pyenooarpoo 10.Oamptosoraa rhi*ophyllu« 

11- Ch«ilaath88 fMl 

lE.Cygtopteria fragllia lS.Dryoptorie goldlana l4.Dryopterla marginalia 

16.Dryopt«rl» thalyptorla 16.Hothola®na dealbata 17.0aoolea aenaibllls 

18.Pallaaa atropurpurea 

19.P«lla«a atropcrpor«a glabella EO.PolyBtiohum aoroatlcholdee 

El.Woodsla obtnsa £2.MarBllea veetlta £5.Effnleotrur ar7enaa 

PLATE 1. Ophioglossaceae (1-2), Isoetaceae (3), Osmundaceae (4), Polypodiaceae (5-21), 

Marsileaceae (22), and Equisetaceae (23-26). 

EB.Bnulaetum laevlgatua 

26.Bqulsettuii praoaltum 

£7. jTmiperuB rlrglnlana £8.Alia* Buboordatum £9.BW»lnodorti8 oordlfollnB 

JO.BohinodoruB radloans Sl.IophotooarpnB calyelnuB St.Saglttarla aiublgua 

553. Baglttarla brerlroatra 54.8agittaria eunaata 36.3aglttarla eaonlenta 

96. Saglttarla graainea 87.Sagittarla latlfolia 38.Sagittarfca longlloba 

B9.3a«ittaria platynhTn* 40.Typha angnetifolla 41.Trpha latlfolia 

43. Po tamo go ton eaarlcantiB 44.Potamogeton dlTerelioiiTiB 

46.Potaaogeton IOIIOBBB 46.Potamogeton luoans 47.Potamogaton obtnalfollnfl 

PLATE 2. Equisetaceae (23-26), Pinaceae (27), Alismataceae (28-39), Typhaceae (40-41), 

Sparganiaceae (42), Potamogetonaceae (43-51).

100 


48.Potamogeton pectinatus 49.Potamogeton pusilluB 50.Huppis maritima rostrata 

61.Zanniohelll» palustrle major 51a.Allium arenioola 52.Allium oanadenee 

53.Allium oernuum 54.Allium mutablie 55.Allium nuttallll 

56a.Allium per&uloe 56.Allium porrom 67.Allium Btellatum 

68.Allium textile 

60.Asparagus officinalis 

68a.Allium vineale 

63. Brythronium albidum mesochoreum 64.HemerocalllB fulva 

66.Melanthium virginloum 

69.Androstephium ooeruleum 

61.Cama8Bia ecillloidee 62.Brythronium albidum 

66.L111UJB mlohlganenfle 

67.Hothoecordum blralve 68.0rnithogalum umbellatun 

69.Polygonatum eanalleulatua 

T0.3mllacina raoemoee oylindrate 

71.Bmllaolne etellate 

72.S«liar bona-no* 73.S«llax eoirrhata 74. Smllax herbaoee 

V6.3allax herbaoee laaloneuroe 76.Bmllax bleplda 

78.TrillIt® ••••lie 

79.Trillium TlrldeeoenB 

81.To.ooa glauoe SE.Zygadenup nuttallll 

84.Heteranthere llmoa* 85.Heteranther* reniXormie 

hiM* nu.'«.M ...i.m 88. Come Una ereote 

77.Trillium gleaaoni 

80,ijTularie grandlflora 

83.Heteranthere duble 

86 Pontederia oordate 

89. Comel lna ereota orispe 

90.Comaelin» longloaulle 91.Commellna rlrglnloo 92.Tradescanti» braoteata 

PLATE 3. Potamogetonaceae (43-51), Liliaceae (51a-82). PLATE 4. Liliaceae (51a-82), Pontederiaceae (83-86), Commelinaceae (87-95).

100 


Tradeeoantla oanaliculata 94.Tradeecantie oooidentalle 

96.Tradeaoantle tharpl! 

*6.JTinouB aoTnninatrte • obtnaatna • •".Jnnono ariatulatnp 98.Junouo baltieuB «ontanue 

100 


141. C. granular is # c.gr.haleana • 142.Carex gravida 

I43.Carex gravida lunelllana 

144.Cares grlaea 145.Carex hellophlla 146.Carex hirsutelle 

147.Carex hlrtlfolle 148.Carer hyalinolapie 149.Carex hyetrlolna 

150. Carex interior 161.Carex JaaesiJ 152.Carex laerloonioe 

168.Carex lanuginosa 164.Carex leaTeaworthil 165.Carex lupnllne 

166.Carax rneadiJ 167.Carex miorodonta 168.Cares onhlenbergll enerrl* 

159.Carex nmskingumensle 

160.Carex oebraskenale 161.Carex normalIF 

162.Carex oli«jooarpe 163.Carex praegraoilie 164.Carox retroflexa 


165.Carex roses 166.Carex eooparle 167.Carex shortiana 

167a.Carex eiooata (?9 168.Carex eparganioldea 169.Carex atipata 

170.Carax tribuloidaa 17l.Carex rulplnoidea 

PLATE 7. Cyperaceae (122-218). PLATE 8. Cyperaceae (122-218). 

172.Cyperus aouminatus 

173.Cyperue diandrue 174.Cyperus erythrorhlzus 175.Cyperue esoulentus 

176.Cyperue ferrugineaoene 177.Cyperus filloulmie 178.Cyperus flavesoene 

179.Cyperue hallil 180. Cyperus houghtoul 

182.Cyperue ovularit 183.Cyperus pseudoregetue 

181.Cyperus inflexue 

185-Cyperue aohweinitsll 186.Cyperu» atrlgoaue 187.Cyperue etrlgoaae robuetior

100 


188.Kleoohari8 aoioularis 189.KleooharlB oompreasa 190.Rleooharia elliptloa 

191. KLeooharla engelmannl 19E.Bleooharla geniculate 

194. Kloooharia obtuaa 198.X. tenuis Termooaa 199.Sleooharle wolfii 

E00.Pi«brietyli» oaat. puberula 201.PimbriatyliB interior E02.Plmbri8tyllB muoronulata 

203.Puirena aimplex 204.Hemioarpha Onamondll 205.Hemioarpha mlcrehtha 

806.H. aiorantba ariatulata 807.Kyi1Ingle pumila 808. Hynohoepora oomionlata 

209.Soirpn8 emerioanua 210.Sclrpua atrorirena 211.Soirpna flurlatilla 

818.3oix*pnB hall 11 218.Soirpna lineatus E14.Soirpaa pallidna 

216.Soirpna paludoeue 216.Soirpn8 valldua 817. Solerla pauoiflora 

218.Solaria triglomerata 219.Aegilops oylindrioa 219a.Aeg. oylindrioa rnbiglnoaa 

XAegilopB oylindrioa x Trjj^^j^ 220.Agropyron orlatatnm 221.Agropyron pauoiflorum 

222.Agropyron repena 223.Agropyron amithii 224.Agroatia alba 

225.Agro8ti8 elliottiana 226.AgrootiB hyemalis 227.Agroati8 perennana 

228.Alopeonra8 aeqnalle 229.Alopecnrna carollnianna 230.Alopecnru8 myosuroides 

231.Alopeonru8 pratenaia 232.Andropogon furoatua E33.Andropogon hallii 

234.Andropogon BaooharoideB 235.Andropogon sooparlns 236.Andropogon ternariu8 

PLATE 9. Cyperaceae (122-218). PLATE 10. Cyperaceae (122-218), Poaceae (219-444). 

30

112 


237.Andropogon Virginians 238.Ariatida adaoenBionia 239.Ariatida baairamea 

240.Ariatida eurtiaaii 241.Arietida dichotoma 242.Ariatida divarioata 

243.Aristida fendleriana 244.Ariatida intermedia 246.Aristida longeepioa 

246.Aristida longiseta 247.AriBtida longiseta robuBta 246.Aristida oligantha 

249.Aristida pnrpnrasoena 250.Aristida purpurea 261.Beokmannia syzigachne 

262.Bout«loua ourtipendula 253.Bouteloua gracilis 254.Bouteloua hirauta 

265.Braohyelytrum erectum 266.Bromua oarinatus 257.Bromua oathartioua 

258.Br. ciliatuB laeviglumia 259.Bromua oommutatuB 260.Bromua inermiB 

261.Brooms japonioua 262.BromuB mollis 263.Bromua purgana 

264.B. purgana latiglumia 266.B. purgane t inoanus 

PLATE 11. Poaceae (219-444). PLATE 12. Poaceae (219-444). 

3—1646 

268.B. 8eoallrme relntinua 269.B. taotomm* B. teotorum audus 

87i.calamagro8ti» canadensis 272.CalaaoTilfa gigantea 

273.CalaaoTilfa longifolia 274.CenohruB pauoiflorus 274a.0hloris subdoliohoataobya 

276.Chloris Tertioillata 277.Cinne arundinaoea 

278.CynodoD daotylon 279.I>aotyl is glomerats 880.Danthonls epicats 

&81.Diarrfcena utrlMW tfiS.Digltaris flllforals 883.Digitaria iaohaaam»

100 


284.Dlgitarla aanguioalia 285.DlatiohllB etrlota 286.Bohlnoohloa oruagalll 

887.Bohlnoohloa oruagalll mltia 

888.B. oruagalll lalayansla £89. KLeuelna lndloa 

£90.B1JBUB oanadanala 891.B. canadensis braohystaohyB 898.B. oanadanala robuatuB 

893.Blysua BAOOUQll 894.Blymua Tlllosue 896.B. Tllloaue arkanaanue 

896.Blyaua Tirginloua 897.B. TlrglnlouB auatrallB 898.B. TlrglnlouB glabriflorua 

299. B. TlrglnlouB intermedine 800.B. Tlrglnloua BubnutlouB SOl.BragrostlB barrallarl 

308.BragroBtlB oaplllarlB 303.EragroBtia olllanenalB 304.Bragrostla ourtlpedioellete 

306. Bragrostie frenkli 306.BragroetlB hypnoldee 307.Bregrostle lnternedle 

PLATE 13. Poaceae (219-444). 


308.Eragroatla pectinacea 309.Eragroatl8 plloaa 310.Eragroatla poaaoides 

311.Bragroatla reptana 312.Eragroatla aeoundiflora 

314.BragrostlB apectabllla 315.Bragrostla trlchode8 

317.Brloohloa oontraota 318.?eatuca alatlor S19.?estuoa obtusa 

320.Featuoa ootoflora 320a.Festuoa ootoflora hlrtella 321.Paatuoa ovlna 

322.Pastuoa paradoxa 323.61yoerla 8trlata 324.Gymnopogon amblguua 

325.Hordoum Jubatum 326.H. jubatum oaesplto8um 327.Hordeum pu8lllum 

328.HyBtrlx patula 329.Kbelerla orlstata 330.Leerala oryeoldea 


34

100 


S31.£«ersl8 Virginians 332.1eptoohlo8 filiformiB 333.Leptoohl.oa faBCionlarie 

334.Leptoloma oognatum 

337.Lollum temulentum 

840.Muhlenbergla andlna 

336.Lolium multlflorum 336.Lollum perenne 

338.Melloa nitena 339.Melioa porter! 

343.Muhlenbergia braohyphylle 344.Muhlenbergla oaplllaris 

346.liuhlenbergie filiformie 

349.M. mexioana f oommntate 

862.1tahlenbergia aobolifera 

341.Muhlenhergla arenioola 342.Muhlenbergla asperifolia 


S45.Muhlenbergia ouspidata 

347.Uuhlenbergle folioae 348.Muhlenbergia mexioana 

350.Unhlenbergla racemose 351.Muhlenbergia sohreberl 

363.1fnhlenbergls aylvatloe 354.Mnhlenbergia torreyl 


356.Mnnroe equarroaa 356.0rysop8it hymenoidaa 867.Panionm agroatoides 

358.Panionm anoepe 369.Panictun oapillare 360.Panionm oapillare oooidantale 

361.Panionm olandeatinnm 362.Panionm depauperatum 363.Panionm dlohotomiflorum 

364.Panionm hillaan) 

366.Panionm huaohuoa* 


36 

366.Panionm hnaohnoae faeoioulatus 

367.panionm latifolinm 368.Panionm laibergH 369.Panionm llndhelmerl 

370.Panionm linearifolinm 371.Panionm malaoophyllnm 372.Panionm millaoeum 

373.Panionm obtuaum 374.Panionm perlongnm 376.Panionm praecoolus 

376.Panionm pseudopubesoene 377.Panicum sorlbnerlanum 378.Panionm sphaerooarpoa

100 


379.Panioum tenneaaeenae 280. Panioum texanum 381.Panioum •lllOBlaaimum 

382.Panioum rirgatum 383.Panicum vllooxlanum 38*.Pappophorum muoronulatum 

384a.Paapalum olliatlfollua 386.Paapalum olroulare 386.P. florldanum glabraturn 

387 paapalum pubiflorum glabrum 388.Paapalum repona 389.Paapalum atraminaum 

390.Phalarie arundinaoea 391. Pbalari8 oanarienaia 392. Phalaria oaroliniana 

393.Phleum pratenae 394.Phragmitea oommania 396.Poa annua 

399.Poa ohapmaniana 

397.Poa arida 398.Poa bulboaa 

400.Poa oompreaae 

401.Poa pratenaia 

402.Poa aylTeatrie 403.Poa trivialla 404.Polypogon monapella°" 1B 

406.Puooin©llia uuttalllana 406.Bedfleldla flaxuoaa 407.Schedonnardue panloulatua 

408.Seoale oereale 409.3etarla genloulata 410.Setarla ltalloa 

411,8etarla luteaoena 412.Setarla Tertiolllata 413.Setarla Tirldia 

414.SltaaloD hyatrlx 416.Sorghaatrum nutana 416.Sorghum halepenae 

417.3partina gracilis 4l6.8partlna peotlnata 4l9.Sphenopholla intermedia 

420.Sphenopholla obtuaata 421.Sporobolua alroldea 422.Sporobolua aaper 

423.Sporobolna aaper booker) 424.Sporobolua aaper piloaua 426.Sporobolu8 claudeatinua 

PLATE 17. Poaceae (219-444). PLATE 18. Poaceae (219-444). 

38


426.Sporobolua oryptandrua 

427.Sporobolua flexuosua 428.Sporobolua heterolepla 

429.Sporobolua negleotua 430.Sporobolua pyravidatua 431.Sporobolua texanaa 

432.Sporobolua vaginlflorua 433.Stlpa oomata 434.Stlpa apartaa 

436.Stipa vlrldula 436.Trlodla albeaoena 437.Trlodla alongata 

438.Trlodla flara 439.Triodla plloea 440.Triodia atrlota 

441.Trlplaala purpurea 442.Trlpaaoum daotyloldea 443.Trlaetua flaresoena 

444.0nlola latlfolia 446.Anaoharla oooldentalla 446.Cooperla drumraondll 

446a.Cooperla kanaensla 447.Hypoxia hireuta 448.Belamoaada ohlnensls 

PLATE 19. Poaceae (219-444), Hydrocharitaceae (445), Amaryllidaceae (446-447), Iridaceae (448-454). 

449,Irla folloaa 460.Irla Tirglaioa 451.Hemaaty'li8 aouta 

462.31ayrlnohiu» anguatlrollum 453.Slayrlnohlum oampeatre 454.Slayrlnohlum gramlnoldea 

456.Dloaooree »illoaa 456.Corallorrhlsa alaterlana 467.Cypripedlum parrlflorum. 

458.Habenarle leuoophaee 469.11parla loeselll 460.Orchis apeotabllls 

461.Splranthee oernua • , m 

" oohroleuoe w 

464.Aalmlna triloba 

462.Splranthea graollla 463.Splranthea vernalla 

465 Saururua oernuna 466.Anemone oanadenala 

467.Anemone oarollnlana 468.Anemone oyllndrloa 469.Anemone deoapetala 

470.Anemone vlrglnlana 

471.Aqullegla latluaoula 472.Clematis tremontll 

PLATE 20. Iridaceae (448-454), Dioscoreaceae (455), Orchidaceae (456-463), Anonaceae (464), 

Saururaceae (465), Ranunculaceae (466-494).

100 


4'Z.Clmnatie llguetioifolia 474.Clematis pitohari 475.01oiaatla rlrginiana 

475a.Clematia •irg.aiBBourieuBia 476.Delphinium ajaoia 477.Delpliinina trieorae 

478.Delphinium rireaoene k far. 479.D. rireaoenB petiardi 480.Iaepyro bl>arnata« 

481.Myoeurue ainlana 482.Ranuneulua abortlras 482a.H. abortirua f. giganteua 

488.Ranunoulua aoria 484.H. oyabalaria f. hebeoaulia 486.Banunoulaa faeoloularla apriaae 

486.Banunoulue flabollarlB 487.Banunoulus hiBpidua faleua 488.Ranunoulua longlroetrla 

489.Banunoulna maoounii 490.BauunouluB raourratua 491.Ranunoulua aoeleratua 

492.8yndeBmon thallotroidae 493.Thailotrum daayoarpua 494.T. daayoarpum hypoglauaua 

PLATE 21. Ranunculaceae (466-494). 


495.Podophyllum peltatum 496.Calyoooarpum lyonl 497.Coooulua oarollnua 

498.Meni8pennuai oanadenae 499.Benaoln aaatlTala 500.3aa8afraa albldum 

BOl.Ialuabo pentapetala 

502.1uphar adrena 

503.8ymphaaa odorata 

504.C6ratophyllum demeraum 606.Abutllon thaophraBtl 506.Calllrhoa aloeoides 

507.Callirhoa dlgltata 608.Calllrhoa lnroluorata 609.Bibl8oua mllltarla 

SlO.Blblaoua trlonum 511.Maiva negleota 612.Malra parvlflora 

618.Mairotunllfolla 613e.Kalva aylraatrla 613b.Slda hadaraoaa 

614.Slda apinoaa 616.Sphaeraloea anguata 

616.Sphaeraloea oooolnoa 

PLATE 22 Berberidaceae (495), Menispermaceae (490-498), Lauraceae (499-500), Nelumbonaoeae (501), 

Nymphaeaceae (502-503), Ceratophyllaceae (504), Malvaceae (505-517).

100 

517.3phaeraloea ouspidata 

619.Celtls laevigata 

522.Celtia oooldentalla canlna 

524.Celtis retioulata 

527.uimus fnlva 

530.Hamulus lupulua 

532a.Moms nigra 


518.Tilia araerloana 

618a.Tilia palmeri 

5E0.Celtia laevigata texana 521.Celtia oooldentalla 

522a.C. oooldentalla crasaifolia 523.Celtla purnila georglana 

525.Celti8 ruguloaa 526.Dlmua amerlcana 

528.Dlmna ttaoraaal 529.Cannabia aatlva 

531.Uaclura pomlfera 532.Morns alba and varieties 

533.Moras rubra 534.Boehmeria oylindrlca 

534a.B. oyllndrioa drummondlana 

535.Laportea oanadenais 536.Parletaria pennsylvanica 

PLATE 23. Malvaceae (505-517), Tiliaceae (518), Ulmaceae (519-528), Moraceae (529-533), 

Urticaceae (534-538). 

537.Pilea pumila 

540.0eranium oarolinianum 

543.0xallH europaaa 

54fi.0xalia vlolaoea 

549.Impatlens pallida 

538.Urtloa prooera 

541.Geranium maoulatum 

544.0xalis europaea bushii 

547.Impatiena biflora 

560.Llnum oompaotum 

558.Llnum pratense 553.Llnum rigldum 

555.Linnm euloatum 

556.Llnum nsltatiaaimum 

B68.Kallatroemla hirantlasima 559.Eallstroamia intermedia 

539.Brodium cloutarium 

542.Geranium rotnndlrollum 

545.0xalls atriota 

548.Impatlens nortoni 

551.Llnum lewlsll 

554.Llnum rigldum pnberulum 

557.Llnnm vlrglnlcum 

560.TribuluB terreatris 

PLATE 24. Urticaceae (534-538), Geraniaceae (539-542), Oxalidaceae (543-546), 

Balsaminaceae (547-549), Linaceae (550-557), Zygophyllaceae (5o8-561).

100 


561.Zygophyllum fabago 562.Ptelea trlfoliata 565.Zanthoxylum amerioanum 

563a.Z. amerioanum f. armatiuB 564.Ailanthue altiBSima 565.Polygala alba 

566.Polygala inoarnata 567.Polygala rertlolllata 568.Polygala •lrldeBoens 

569.Aoalypha graoilaas 670.Acalypha oetryaafolia 571.Aoalypha rhomboidea 

572.Aoalypha virgiaioa 573.Croton oapitatus 574.Croton glanduloeus aaptentrionalla 

575.Croton lindheimerianua 576.Croton monanthogynus 

578.Crotonop8iB alliptioa 579.Dltaxia humilia 

577.Croton texansia 

680.Ditaxis merourialina 

582.]$uphorbia oomrautata 583.Euphorbia oorollata 

PLATE 25. Zygophyllaceae (558-561), Rutaceae (562-563a), Simarubaeeae (564), 

Polygalaceae (565-568), Euphorbiaceae (569-608). 


584.Euphorbia ouphoaperma 585.Euphorbia oyparisaiaa 586.Euphorbia deutata 

587.Euphorbia diotyoaparma 588.Euphorbia geyeri 

590.Euphorbia greanei 591.Euphorbia hatarophylla 

593.Euphorbia humiatrata 694.Euphorbia hyaBopifolia 

596.Euphorbia luoida 597.Euphorbia maoulata 

599.Euphorbia uuttallii 600.Euphorbia obtuaata 

602.Euphorbia aarpens 603.Buphorb ia serpyllifolia 

PLATE 26. Euphorbiaceae (569-608). 

589.Euphorbia glyptosperma 

592.Euphorbia hezagooa 

595.Euphorbia lata 

598.Euphorbia marginata 

601.Euphorbia pataloidaa 

604.Euphorbia stiotoapora 

605.PhyllaQthu8 oaroliuiauBis 606.Stillingia aalioifolia 607.Tragia napataafolia

112 


608.Tragia ramose 609.Callltriohe haterophylla 610.Helianthenrara biotaiellll 

611.Leohea terraifolia 

6l2.Leohia Tllloaa* L.v.macrotheoa* 613.Aaoyrum hypariooidea • 

Hyparloro aaoyron • 

614.Hypericum oiatifolium 616.Hypericum drunmoadil 616.Hypericum gymoanthum 

617.Hyperioum mat Hum 618.Hyperioum perforatum 619.Hypericum punotatum 

620.Caloeolaria vertioillata 621.Cubelium ooaoolor 628.Viola arvenaia 

623.Viola eriooarpa 624.Viola miaaourieQaiB 625.Viola aephrophylla 

626.Viola auttallii 627.Viola papiliooaoee 6S8.Viola P.4»t.p»Uo~rH.b. • 

629.Viola pedatifida 630.Viola rafineaquil 631.V.retuea • V sagittate 

PLATE 27. Euphorbiaceae (560-608), Callitrichaceae (609), Cistaceae (610-612), Hypericaceae 

(613-619), Violaceae (620-632). (Map 614 should read Hypericum sphaerocarpum.) 

632.Viola aororia 633.Paaaiflore lutaa 634.Argemone biapida 

635.Argeoone intermedia 656.Argemone aquarroaa 637.Papaver rhoeaa 

636.Sanguinaria oanadenaia 639.Corydalia aurea oooldentalla 640.Corydalia oampeBtria 

641.Corydalit eryatallina 642.0orydalia flavola 643.0orydalia miorantha 

644.Dioeutre ououllarla 645.Claoma aerrulata 646.01eo»ella anguBtifolia 

647.0riatatella Jamaai) 648.Polaniaia traohyaperaa 

649,Alliaria offioinalia 

660.Arabia oanadenaia 661.Arabia dantata 652.Arabia laevigata 

663.Arabia pyonooarna 664.Arabia virginioa 666.Barbarea vulgaris 

PLATE 28. Violaceae (620-632), Passifloraceae (633), Papaveraceae (634-638), Fumariaceae (639-644), 

Capparidaceae (645-648), Brassicaceae (649-705). 

3—1646 

113


656.Berteroa Ino&na 66*7.BraB8ioa oampestrle 658.Bras8ioa Junoea 

659.Brassloa kaber 660.Bras8loa nigra 661.Camellna mlorooarpa 

668.Camelina satire 668.Capaells bursa-pastorla 664.Cardamlne bulbosa 

666 Carlamine parvlflore arenloole 666.Cardamine pennsyl-ranioa 667.Conringia orleatalia 

668.Dentarla leoinlata 669.Deaouralala Intermedia 6 70.Desonralnia magna 

671.Desoxirainia pinnate 6 72.l>e8ouraini» pinnate braohyoarpa 6 78a.Deaourainla rlohardsoniana 

67S.Peaonrainia eopble 674.Drabe braohyoarpa 676.Draba onneifolie 

676.Draba reptaue fi77.Draba raptans mlorantha 678.Bruoa eatire 

PLATE 29. Brassicaceae (649-705). 


«7fi.Xryaiaaa aap»i — 680.Sryalmum Inoonaplounm 681.Erysimum rependum 

688.Beeperl» aatronalie 688.lodanthus plnnatifldna 684.Lepidium oempeatre 

686.Lepidium denaiflorum 686;Lepl41um draba 687.Lepidium perfoliatum 

487a.Lepidum pubeaoens 688.Lepidium raaoalesimum S89.Lepidium •irginloum 

*90.Leaquerelle ludorlolana 691.Leequerell» oralifolla 698.Leaquarelle repanda 

*98.laatartitw offioinal* 694.Baphanua eatiTua 694a.Borippa armoraola 

696.Borlppe hlsplde glabrate l96.Borippe obtuee 697.Borlppe eeBBilinore 

698.Borlppe einuata 699.8eleule auree 700.8iBymbrlum altiealmam 

PLATE 30. Brassicaceae (649-705). (Map 687a should read Lepidium oblongum.) 

51

100 


7 01.Sisymbrium offioinale '02.3. officinale lelocarpun 

704.Stanleya pinnate integrlfolis 705.Thlaapl ar»enee 

'03.Stanleys pinnate 

*06.Anyohia oanadenais 

707.Anyohia polygonoldee 708.Paronyohie Jameell 7 09.Agroatei«B8 githago 

7 10.Arenarie patnla 711.Arenaria aerpyllifolia 'H.E.Arenaria texana 

713,Ceraatiu» braohypodum 

714.Oarastina nutans 716.Ceraatlua vulgatum hlrsutum 

'16.lychnis alba 717. saglna decrumbena 718.3aponaria offioinalia 

719.31J,ene antirrhina • m 

•« * divaricate • 780.Silene letifolla 721.Silene nootiflora 

722.Silent, atellata 723.3pergula arrenala 724.Stellaria media 

PLATE 31. Brassicaceae (649-705), Illecebraceae (706-708), Caryophyllaceae (709-725). 


726.Taeoarla vulgaria 726.3erg la texana 727.Blatlna amerloana 

728.Claytonla virginioa 789.Portulaea olaraoea 730.Portulaoa parvula 

731.Portulaoa rstuaa 782.Tellmm aalyalttsna 738.Telitnai perviflorum 

734. Mo Hugo vartiaillata 

736. Sesuvlum verruoosum 

TB4.Tamerlx gallloa 

7S7.Populua alba 738.Populua deltoldse 739.Popnlua aargentli 

740.Sallx aaygdaloidaa 741.Sallx astygdaloldss vrightll ''42. Salix oordata 

743.sallx axigua lutaoseriaee 746.Sallx hnmllis rlgidiuaoula 

746.Sallx interior 747.Salix interior padioallata 748. Sallx longipea eardii 

PLATE 32. Caryophyllaceae (709-725), Elatinaceae (726-727), Portulacaceae (728-733), 

Aizoaceae (734-735), Tamaricaceae (736), Salicaceae (737-751).

100 


749.8*11* mlaaourlenalB 750.Sails nigra 751.sails trlatls 

768.Phytolaooa deoandra 768.Aanlda tamarleolna 754.Amaranthua blltoldaa 

7$ 6.Amaranthua graeoliana 756.Amaranthua hybrldua 757.Amaranthus palmar1 

768.Amaranthue ratroflasua 759.Amaranthna aplnoaua 760.Amaranthua torrayl 

761.Pro«llohla oampoatrla 762.Proellohla graollla 

768.Iraalna rhlaomatoaa 

764.Tlde8tromla lannglnosa 766.Atrlplas argentea 766.Atrlplax oanaaoans 

766a.Atrlplex hortanala 76T.Atrlplax patola hastata 768.Chanopodltim albaeoana 

769.Chanopodlum albnm 770.Chenopo41nm amboaloldaa 771.Chanopodlum atroTlrena 

PLATE 33. Salicaeeae (737-751), Phytolaccaceae (752), Amaranthaceae (753-764), 

Chenopodiaceae (765-795). 


778.Chanopodlum barlandlarl 778.Chanopodlum boaoianum 774.0honopodlnm botrys 

775.Cbanopodlnm oyololdas 

778.Chenopodlnm glanonm 

776.0banopodlnm framontll 

779.0hanopodlum lnoanum 

PLATE 34. Chenopodiaceae (765-795). 

777.Chenopodlura glgaatoaparmram 

780.Ohanopodlum laptophyllnm 

781.C. lapt. laptopbylloldeB 788.0. laptophyllum pratarloala 788.C. laptophyllnm aubglabram 

788a.Chanopodlnm patlolaro 

786.0orlaparmom nltldnm 

784.Chonopodlom aallnum 

T87.0yololoma atrlpllolfollmm 

789.Ioohla aooparla 790.Koohla trlohophylla 

798.8alloornla rubra 798.Salaola paatlfar 

786,CorlBparmnm hyaaoplfollum 

788. aorotla laaata 

T91.Monolapla nuttalllana 

794.8ua«da dapraaaa

100 

796.Sueeda ereota 


796.Brlogonum alatum 797.Eriogonum annua 

798. Br logo tram haliehryaoidas 799.Brlogonom Jameall SOO.Erlogonna laohnogynum 

SOl.Erlogonum longlfollum 808.Pagopyrum eaoulentum 803,Polygonum aohoreum 

804,Polygonum arloulara 806.P. BTlonlaro anguetlaalmum 806.PolygontuD buxlforme 

807.P. eooolnaum pratinoolna 

808.Polygonum oonrolTulue 809.Polygonnn den8lflorum 

809a.Polygonxua duaetorum 810. Polygonum ereotum 811.Polygonum taydroplper 

81E.Polygonum hydroplperoldee 813.P.bydroplperoldea f. atrlgosrum 814.Polygonum lapathlfollum 

815.Polygonum latum 816.Polygonum leptooarpum 817.polygonum longietylum 

PLATE 3D. Chenopodiaceae (765-795), Polygonaceae (796-840). 


818.Polygonum nebraarenBe 819.Polygonum oml88um 8E0.Polygonum orlentale 

8E8.Polygonum peraloarla 883.Polygonum pereloarloldea 

824.Polygonum prollfloum 886.Polygonum punotatum 826a.P. punotatum leptoataohyua 

826.Polygonum ramoBisBlmum 

889.Polygonum tomantoaam 830.Polygonum vlrglnlanum 

83E.Buaex altlasimua 

836.Bumex maritimua fueglnue 836.Bumex obtualfoliua 

838.Bumex patlentla 838a.Bumex trlangullralrla 

.827.Polygonum aoandena 888.Polygonum tanna 

PLATE 36. Polygonaceae (796-840). 

831.Bumex aoetoaella 

833.Rumax oriapua 884.Rumex haatatulua 

837.Bumex oooldentalla 

839„Bumex renoBue

100 


840. Bumex vertlo Hiatus 841.Abronia fragranB 84£.Abronle mloraatha 

848.Mlrabllle albila 844.Mirabllie oarletoui 846.Mlrabills glabra 

846.Mirabllla hlrauta 847.MirablllB linearis 847a.Mirabilis linearis diffusa 

848.mrabilis nyotaginea 849.*irabllle nyotaginea orata 8B0.Anagallia arrenaiB 

861.An4roeaoe oooidentalie 85£.Dodeoatheon meadla 868.Lyelaaohie oilieta 

854.Lysineobie hybrida 865.8amolus parrlflorus 866.Plantago ariBtate 

857.Plantago asiatioa 

860.Plantago major 

868.piantago elon^te 869.Plantago lanoeolata 

861.Plantago purehil 

86£.Plantago pus 11la 

PLATE 37. Polygonaceae (796-840), Nyctaginaceae (841-849), Primulaceae (850-855), 

Plantaginaceae (856-866). 


868.Plantago rhodoeperma 864.Plantago rugelll 866.Plantago epinuloea 

866.Plantago Tirglnioa 867.Taoolnlum arboreum 668.7aooiniuD atamineum fr uegleotua 

869.Vaoolnlu» Taolllana 870.Bo«ella lanuglnoaa 871.Dioepyroe vlrglnlana 

878.0111a aoerose 

878.011le aggregate 

874.0111a oaloarea 

876.0111a laxlflora 876.0111a longIflore 877.oilla sploata 

879.Phlox llrarloata laphamll 

881.Phlox panloulata 882.PI40X plioaa f^J^ 1 * 888. Polemoilium reptana 

884.ConrolTuluB errensis 886.ConTolmlua inoanua 886. Convolmlus Interior 

PLATE 38. Plantaginaceae (856-866), Ericaceae 

(867-869), Sapotaceae (870), Ebenaceae (871), 

Polemoniaceae (872-883), Convolvulaceae (884-903).


887.CoaTolTulua aepium 888.CUB out* oaphalanthi 889.Cusouta coryli 

890.Cusouta ouapidata 891.Cuaouta glomerate 892.C. gronoTii -rulgi^g® 

895.CuBOuta lndeoora 894.Cuaouta pentagona 896.Cusouta polygonorum 

896.KTO1YU1UB nuttalllauua 897.Ipomoaa hadaraooa 898.Ipomoaa laouuoaa 

899.Ipomoaa leptophylla 900.Ipomoaa pandnrata 901.Ipomoaa purpurea 

902. QuamooTTTooooTHeS • 

« hadarifolia • 9030Quamoolit rulgaria 904.Blliala nyotelaa 

906.Hydrophyllum appendloulatum 906.Hydrophyllum rirginianum 907 Phaoalia hirsute 

908.Phaoelia integrifolia 909.Cryptantha orasBisepala 910.Cynogloasum offioiuale 

911.Eohium vulgara 912.Heliotropium oonrolrulaoeum 913.Hellotropiua apathulatum 

9l4.Heliotropium tonellom 

915.Lappula amerioana 916.Lappula eohinata 

917.Lappula heterosperma 918.Lappula oooideutalia 919.1appula Tirgiuiana 

920.LithOBpertaam arrensa 921.1ithospennum oaneeoeuB 922.Lithoapormum orooeum 

923.LithoBpernram latifolium 

924.Lithoapenaum linearifolium 925.Uertenaia rirginioa 

926.Myosotis Tirginioa 927.0nosmodium hiapidlssimum 988.0nosmodium ocoidentale 

929.0reooarya Bxiffrutiooaa 

932.Datura stramonium 

930.Chamaesaraoha oonioideB 

933.Iyolum halimifolinm 9S4.Bioandra physalodas 

PLATE 39. Convolvulaceae (884-903), Hydrophyllaceae (904-908), Boraginaceae (909-929). PLATE 40. Boraginaceae (909-929), Solanaceae (930-959).

100 


985.Phyaalis ambigna 936.Phy8alis angulata 9S7.Phyaalia oomata 

9SQ.Fhyaa.lia heterophylle 989.Phyealia Ixooarpa 940.Phyaalla lanoeolata 

941.Fhyoalie longifolie 942.Phy»ellB •aorophyaa 94S.Phy8ali8 miBBOuriensiB 

944.Phyaalla mollla 945.Phyealla penAula 

PLATE 41. Solanaceae (930-959). 

946.Physal 1.8 pruinoee 

947.Phyaali8 pubesoene 948 Physalle pumila 949.PhyBall8 rotundata 

950.Physalla eubglabrate »51.Phyaalia Tlrginiane 952.Quinoula lobata 

958.Solanum oarolinenee 954.Solanum alaaagnlfolium 956.Solanum nigrum 

966.3olanu» nigrum intariua 967.Solanum rostraturn 958.Solanum torreyl 


959.Solanum triflorum 960.Poreetiera acuminata 960a.Poraythia Tiridiaeima 

961.PraxinuB amaricana 962.Praxinus pannaylranica 963.P. pannaylTanioa oampeatriB 

964.P. pannaylTanioa lanoeolata 965.Praxinua quadrangulata 966.Buatoma ruaaollianum 

967.0antiana puberula 968.3abatia angularla 969.Sabatia oampeatriB 

970.Am8onia illuatriB 971.Amaonia tabernaemontana 972.A. tabernaemontana salioifolia 

973.Apooynum oannabinum 974.Apooynum oannabinum album 975.Apooynum oannabinum pubesoens 

976.Apocynum sibirioum 977.Apooynum Bibirioum oordigerum 978.Aoerates angu8tifolia 

979.Aoeratea aurioulata 980.AoerateB hirtella 981.Aoeratea lanuginoaa 

PLATE 42. Solanaceae (930-959), Oleaceae (960-965), Gentianaceae (966-969), 

Apocynaceae (970-977), Asclepiadaceae (978-1003).

100 


982.Aoeratea yiridiflora 983.Aoeratea viridiflora iveail 984.Aoeratea yiridiflora linearis 

985.ABolepiaa amplexicaulis 986.AsolepiaB arenaria 987.Asclepias galioidea 

988.Asclepias inoamata 989.A8olepiaa kaneana 

990.Aaclepia8 latifolia 

991.Aaolepiaa meadii 992.Aaolapia8 pumila 993.Aeclepia8 purpurasoens 

994.Aeclepiag qnadrifolia 996.AB0lopiaa speoiosa 996.Aaolepias aullirantii 

997.A8olapiaa syriaoa +_ ? 998.Aaolepia8 tuberosa 999.A8olepias yertioillata 

lOOO.ABolapiodora deonmbens 

1003.Perlplooa graeoa 

lOOl.Aaolepiodora yiridia 1002.Gonolobns laevis 

1004.Aureolaria grandiflora oinerea 1005.Baohnera amerioaoa 

PLATE 43. Asclepiadaceae (978-1003), Scrophulariaceae (1004-1052). 5—1646 

1006.Caatilleia citrina 1007.Castilleja coooinea 1008.CaatilleJa eeaailiflora 

1009.ColliD.aia yerna lOlO.Collinaia yiolaoea 1011.Daeiatoma maorophylla 

lOlE.Gerardia aspera 1013.0erardia gattingeri 1014.Gerardia skinneriana 

1015.G. tenuifolia maorophylla 1016.G, tenuiflora parviflora 1017.Gratiola latea 

lOie.Gratiola yirginiaaa 1019.Leucospora multifida 1020.1inaria oanadenBia 

1021.Linaria texana 1028.Linaria yulgaria 1025.Lindernia anagallidaa 

1024. Lindernia dnbia 1026. Lindernia dnbia major 1026.Maonillamia rotnndifolia 

1027.Miraalue alatns 1028.Mimulua glabratua fremontii 1029.Uirnnlna ringena 

PLATE 44. Scrophulariaceae (1004-1052).

100 

lOSO.Pedionlaris canadensis 


lo31.Penstemon albidus 1032.Penstemon ambiguns 

1033.Penstemon bnokleyi 1034.Penstemon oaudatua 1036.Penstemou cobaea 

1036.Penstemon digitalis 1037.Penstemon fendleri 1038.Panetemon grandiflorua 

1039. Pens temon tubaeflorua 1040.Sorophularia lanceolate 1041.3or. marilandioa# f.negleota^ 

1042.Tomanthera anrionlata 1043.Tomanthera densiflora 

1046.Verbaaoum thapans 1046.Veronica arvensis 1047.V. oonnata* 4 V.o.glaberrima" 

1048.Veronioa didyma 1049.Veronica peregrine 1050.V. peregrina xalepensis 

1061.Veronica triphylloa 1052.Veronioastmm yirginicnm 1053.Campsis radicans 

PLATE 45. Scrophulariaceae (1004-1052), Bignoniaceae (1053-1054). 

1064.Catelpe speoiosa 1056.Martynia loniaianioe 1066.Orobanobe lndoTioiana 

1057.0robanohe nniflore 1058.Dtrionlarie vulgaris amerioana 1059.Dianthere amerioana 

1060.Dicliptera bractiete 1061.Rnellia oarolinlenaia 1062.Rnellie strepens 

1063.Phryaa leptostaobya 1064.Lippie onneifolla 1065.Lippia lanoeolate reoognite 

1066.Verbene blpinnatifide 1067 Verbena braoteate 1068.Verbena oanadenaie 

1069,Verbena haatate 1070.Verbena almplex 1071.Verbena atriota 

1072.verbena nrtiolfolia 1072e.Verions bybride of Verbenaa 107S.Agaataohe nepetoides 

1074.Agastaohe sorophulariaefolie 1075.Blephilie oillate 1076.Blephllie hirsute 

PLATE 46. Bignoniaceae (1053-1054), Martyniaceae (1055), Orobanchaceae (1056-1057), 

Lentibulariaceae (1058), Acanthaceae (1059-1062), Phrymaceae (1063), 

Verbenaceae (1064-1072a), Lamiaceae (1073-1121). 

66


1077.Hedeo»a drunmondll 1078.Hedeoma hispidum 1079.Hedeoma pulegloldes 

1080.leanthus braohiatua lOSl.Lamium amplexioaule 108B.Leonoras oardlaoa 

1085.Lyoopua amerioanua 1084.1yoopus luoldue 1086.Lyoopa8 unlflorus 

1086.Lyoopn8 vlrglnlous 1087.Marrubium vulgare 1088.Melissa offioinalia 

1089.Mentha arrenala glabrata 1090.Mentha longlfolla 4 piperita 1091.Mentha aploata 

1092.Monarda oltrlodora 1093«Monarda ollnopodioldee 1094.Monarda menthaefolia 

1096.Monarda mollia 

1096.M. pnnotata oooldentalla 1097.Hepeta oatarla 

1098.Hepeta hederaoea parviflora 1099.Perilla frnteeceae 1100.Phyaoetegla formoalor 

PLATE 47. Lamiaceae (1073-1121). 


1101.Phy8oategla lnternedla 1102.Phyaoetegla virglniana 1103.Prunella rulgaria lanoeolata 

1104.Pyonanthemum flexuoBura 1105.Pyonanthemum plloenm 1106.Pyonanthemum vlrglnianum 

1107.Salvia pitoheri 1108.Salvia reflexa 1109.3ontellaria australie 

1110.Scutellaria lnoana 1111,Scutellaria lateriflora 1112.Scutellaria leonardl 

1113.Scutellaria ovata braoteate 1114.Scutellaria parvula 1116.Scutellaria re8inoea 

1116a.Staohya amblgua 1116.3taohya annua 1117.staohya palustrls 

1118.Staohya tenuifolia lll9.Teuorlum oanadenBis virginloum 1120.Teucrlam laolnlatum 

1121.Teuoriura ocoldentale 1122.Agrimonla gryposepala 

PLATE 48. Lamiaceae (1073-1121), Rosaceae (1122-1159). 

1123.Agrlmonla parvlflora 

21


ll24.Agrlmouia pubesoene 

1127.Fragaria virginiaaa 

1125.Agrimonia rostellata ll26.Ceroocarpus montanus 

1128.Pragarla virgialaoa illluoeaais 1129.Geum oaaadease 

1130.Goum canadense oamporan 1131.Geum laolalatum trlohocarpura 

U33.Glllenla stipulate 1134.Poteatilla arguta 

1136.Poteatilla aorvegioa hirsute 1137.Poteatilla paradoxa 

1139.Poteatilla rlvalls mlllegraaa 1140.Poteatilla rlvalls peataadra 

1142.Poteatilla sulfurea 1143.Poterldiura aaauum 

1145.Rosa oarolioa A variety 1146.Roaa ooajuaota 

PLATE 49. Rosaceae (1122-1159). 

1132.Geum veraum 

1136.Potentilla nicolletil 

1138.Poteatilla rlvalls 

1141.Poteatilla simplex 

1144.Rosa blaada 

1146a.Rosa plmpiaelllfolia 

1147.Rosa rubIfolia 1148.Rosa rubiglaosa 1149,Rose rudiusoula 

PLATE 50. Rosaceae (1122-1159), Malaceae (1160-1181). 

• • Iff" :®1 ei» lt,lfl)-w 

1150.Rosa serrulate 1151.Rosa 8etlgera 1152.Rose suffulta 

1153.Rosa woodali 

1154.Rubus flagellarls 

1155. Rubua flagellars oooldualia 

1166.Rubus laudatus 1157.Rubus algrobaoous 1158.Rubus oooldeatallB 

1169.Rubue ostryifollus 

U62.Amelaaohler leevls 

1160.Amelâohier oauadâaia ^ ^ ^ 1161.Amelaaohler humlllB 

1163.Crataegue oalpodeadroo 1164.C. oalpodeadroo hlspldula 

1165.C. oalpodeadroo obese 1166.Crataegus cocoinloldes 1167.Crataegus oolliaa 

1168.Crataegus orusgalli 1169.CrataeguB dlsoolor 1170.Crateegua engelmaani

100 


1171.Crataegus lanuginosa 1172.C. maokenzii braoteata 1173.Crataegus mollis 

1174.Crataegus palmeri 1175.Crataegus regalis paradoxa 1176.Crataegus sterenslana 

1177.Crataegus snooulenta 1178.C. auooulenta pertomentosa 1179.Crataegus viridis 

1180.Malus ooronaria 1101.Mains ioensis 1181a.Prunua amerioana 

1182.Prunus angustifolia 118S.Prunus besseyi 1184.Prunus graoilis 

ll85.Prunns hortulana 1186.Prunus lanata 1187.Prunua mahaleb 

1188.Prunus mexioana 1189.Prunus mnnsoniana 1190. X Prunus orthosepala 

1191.Prunus persioa 1192.Prunua serotina 1193. X Prunua alavini 

PLATE 51. Malaceae (1160-1181), Prunaceae (1181a-1195). 


1194.Prunua virginiana 1195.P. Tirginians melanooarpa 1196.Acaoia anguatlaaima hirta 

1197,Deamantbna illinoansis 1198.Desmanthus leptolobua 1199.Pi-oaopia glanduloaa 

1200.Sohrankla unoinata 

1201.Cassia marilandioa 

1202.Cass is oooidentalis 

1203.Cassia tors 1204.Cerois oanadensis 1205,Chaaaeoriata fasoloulata 

1206.Chamaeorista nlotitans 1206a.Chamaeoriata roatrata 

1207.Gleditaia triaoantboa 

1208.Gymnooladua dioioe 1209.Hoffmanaeggia denairlora 12lO.Hoffmanaeggia Jameaii 

1211.Krameri8 seoundlflors 1212.Amorpba oanesoens 1218.Amorpha frutiooaa & rar. 

12l4.Amorphe nana 1215.Amphioarpe braoteata 

PLATE 52 Prunaceae (1181a-1195), Mimosaceae (1196-1200), Cassiaceae (1201-1210), 

Krameriaceae (1211), Fabaceae (1212-1319). 

72 

1216.1mphioarpa braoteata oomoaa

100 


1217.Aplos amerloana 1218.Astragalus oaespitosus 1219.Astragalus canadensis 

1220,Astragalu8 crassioarpus 1221.Astragalus dlstortus 

1222.Astragalus flexuosus 

l223.Astragalu8 graoilis 1224.A. graoilis parriflorus 1225.Astragalus longifolius 

1226.Astragalus lotiflorus 1227.Astrag. lotiflorus oretaoeus 1228.Astr. lotiflorus nebraskensis 

1229.Astragalus missouriensis 1230.Astragalus mollissinms 1231.Astragalus peotinatua 

1232.Asti-ftgalus plattensis 1233.A8tragalus raoemosus 1234.Baptisia minor 

1234a.Bapti8ia leuoantha 1234b.Baptisia leuoophaea 1234o. I Baptisia bicolor 

1235,Crotalaria Bagittalis 1236.Dalea alopeouroides 1237.Dalea aurea 

1238.Dalea enneandra 1239.Dalea Jameeii 1240.Dalea lanata 

1241.Dalea nana 1242.Desmodium acuminatum 1243.Desmodium bracteosum 

1244.D. braoteosum longifolium 

1245.Desmodium oanadense 

PLATE 53. Fabaceae (1212-1319). PLATE 54. Fabaceae (1212-1319). 

1246.Desmodium oanesoens 

1247.Deara. oanesoens hirsutum 1248.Beamodium dillenii 1249.Desmodium illinoense 

1250.Desmodium panioulatum 

1251.Desmodium rigldum 

1252.Desmodium sesslllfoll«ni 

1253.Galaotla regularia 1254.G.volubilis mls8i88lpplen8ls 1255.Glyoyrrhiza lepidota 

1256.Indigofera leptoeepala 1257.Lathyrua lncanus 1258.Lathyrus puslllus 

1259.Lathyrus stipulaceus 1260.Lespedeza capltata 

1261.Lespedeza hirta

100 

1262.Leaped.eza intermedia 

1265.Leapedeza prooumbens 

1268.Le8pedeza sturei 

1271.Lotns amerioanus 


l263.Lespedeza manniana 1264.Leapedeza nuttallil 

1266.Leapedeza repena 

1269.Leapedeza violacea 

1272.Lupinns puaillna 

1274.Uedioago satire l276.Melilotus alba 

1277.OxytropiB lambertii 

1280.Petalostemum mnltiflorum 

1283.Petalostemum purpureum 1283a.P. purpureum pubesoens 

PLATE 55. Fabaceae (1212-1319). 

1267. Leapedeza striata 

1270.Le8pedeaa rirginioa 

l273.Medioago lnpnlina 

1276.Malilotna officinalis 

1278.Potalostemuro oandidum 1279.Petalostenmm oompaotnm 

1281,Petalostemum oooidentale 1282.PetaloBtenrum porterianum 

1284.Petalostemum stanfieldil 


1285.Petalostemum tenulfolium 1286,Petalostemum villoatun 1287.Paoralea argophylla 

1288.Paoralea ouapidata l289.Psoralea digitata 1290.Paoralea esoulenta 

1291.Psoralea floribunda 1291a.P8oralea hypogaea 1292.Paoralea lanoeolata 

1293.Psoralea linearIfolia 1294.Paoralea paoralioidea eglandulosa 1295.Psoralea tenuifolia 

1296.Robinia biapida 1297.Robinia paaudoaoaoia I298.3eaban maorooarpa 

1299.3ophora aerioea 1300.3tropbo8tylea helrola 1301.3tr. helvola miaaourienaia 

1302.Strophoatyles leioaperma 1303.Stylosantbea biflora 1304.Tephro8ia leuooserioea 

1305.Tephrosia yirginiana 

1306.Trifolium oarolinianum 1307.Trifolium dubium 

PLATE 56. Fabaceae (1212-1319).

100 


1308.Trlfollum hybrldum l309.Trlfolium pretense 1310.Trifolium prooumbena 

1311.T. reflexum" & T.r.glabrom • 1312.Trlfollum repens 1313. Trifollum reauplnatua 

1314.Trifollum stolonlferum 1315.Viola amerloana 1316.Viola oregana 

1317.Viola satlva 1318.Vlole sparsIfolia 1319.Viola TlllOBa 

ISSO.Henohera rlohardeonil grayana 1321.Blbes mlssourlense 1322.Rlbes odoretua 

1323.Penthorna sedpldes 1324.Sedum nuttallianua 1325.3edum pnlobellnm 

1326.Sedum trlphyllun 

1327.PietanuB oooldentails 

1329.Ammannla oooolnea 1330.Cuphea petlolata 1331.Lytbrnm alatum 

PLATE 57. Fabaceae (1212-1319), Saxifragaceae (1320), Grossulariaceae (1321-1322), 

Crassulaceae (1323-1326), Platanaceae (1327), Lythraceae (1328-1333). 


1332.Peplls dlandra 1333.Botala ramoelor Interior 1334.Bhexla interior 

1335.Ciroaea latifolia 1336.Bpilobium ooloratnm 1337.Bpllobium llneare 

1338.Gaura biennis pitoheri 1339.Gaura oooolnea 1340.Gaura oooolnea glabra 

1341.Gaura oooolnla parvlfolle 1342.Gaura parrlflora 1343.Gaura Tlllosa 

1344. Jusalaea diffusa 1345.Ludwlgla alternifolla 1346.Ludwlgia glandulosa 

1347.Ludwlgla paluetrls amerloana 1348.Ludwlgia polyoarpa 1349.Oenothera albioaulis 

1350.0enothere biennis 1351.Oenothera braohyoarpa 1362.Oenothera oanesoens 

1353.Oenothera ooronoplfolia 1354.Oenothera fremontll 1355.Oenothera greggil 

PLATE 58. Lythraceae (1328-1333), Melastomataceae (1334), Oenotheraceae (1335-1373). 

(Map 1346a is on Plate 80.)

112 


1366.Oenothera hartwegii fendlerl 1357.Oenothera hooker! 1358.Oenothera laciniata 

1369.Oen. laoinlata grandiflora 1360.Oenothera latifolia 1361.Oenothera lavandulaefolia 

1362.Oenothera llnifolla 1363.Oenothera miasonrlenals 1363a.Oen. mlBsouriensls f. elongatj 

1364.0. missonrien8i8 inoana 1365.0* miesonrieneia oklahomenals 1366.Oenothera rhombipetala 

1367.Oenothera serrulate 1368.Oenothera aerrolata oblanoeolate 1369.Oenothera apeoloaa 

1370.Oenothera atrlgosa 1371.Oenothera triloba 1372.Oenothera triloba wataoni 

1373.Stenoaiphon linifolins 1374.Myriophyllum exalbeaoens 1375.Myriophyllum heterophyllum 

1376.Myriophyllum pinnatum 1377.Myriophylltun proaerpinaooidea 1378.Ariatoloohia aerpentaria 

PLATE 59. Oenotheraceae (1335-1373), Halorrhagidaceae (1374-1377), Aristolochiaceae (1378-1381). 

1379.Ariatoloohia tomentoaa 1380.Asarum oanadenae 1381.Asarum oanadenae reflexnm 

1382.Bohinooerena yiridiflorus 1383.Heomamillarla mlaaonrienaiB 1384.Ieomamillarla radioaa 

1385.«eomamillaria ainllla 1386.Heomamlllaria vlYipara 1386a.Opnntla oaraanohloa 

1387.0pnntla fragilia 1388.Opnntia humifuaa 1389.Opnntia imbrloata 

1390.0puntia maororrhiia 1391.0pnntia polyaoantha 1392.Opnntia tortiapina 

1393.1ientzelia decapetala 1394.Mentzelia nnda 1395.Mentzelia oligosperma 

1396.llentzelia atriota 1397.Cuonrbita foetidissima 1398.Cyolanthera diaseota 

1399.BohinooyBti8 lobata 1400.3ioyoB angulatne 1401.Ceanothua araericanua 

PLATE 60. Aristolochiaceae (1378-1381), Cactaceae (1382-1392), Loasaceae (1393-1396), 

Cucurbitaceae (1397-1400), Rhainnaceae (1401-1404). 

3—1646

100 

1408.Ceanothus ovatus 


1403.Ceanothus ovatue pubesoens 1404. Rhamnus lanoeolata 

l405.Ampelopsis oordata 1406.CIssue lnolaa l407.Parther*oolsaus qulnquefolia 

1408.P. qutaquefolla hirsuta l409.Parthenooissu8 ritaoea 1410.Vitis aee-tivalie 

1411.VitlB oinerea 

1418.Vitis oordifolia 

1413.Vitis linoecumii glauoa 

1414.Vitis longii 1415.Vitia vulplna l416.CelastruB soandens 

1416a.Ruonymua amerloarras 1417. Ruonymua atropurpureua 1418.Ilex decidua 

1419.Staphylaa trifolia 1420.Blaaagnus angustifolia l421.Elaeagnus argentea 

1422.Comandra pallida 1423.Comandra riohardsoniana 1424.Phoradeadron flaveaoens 

PLATE 61. Rhamnaceae (1401-1404), Vitaceae (1405-1415), Celastaceae (1416-1417), Ilicaceae (1418), 

Staphyleaceae (1419), Elaeagnaceae (1420-1421), Santalaceae (1422-1423), Loranthaceae (1424). 


1425.Cardiospermum halloaoabum 1426.Koelreuteria panioulata 1427.3aplndus drummoudll 

l428.A-esoulus glabra 1429-. Aesonlua glabra sargentli 

l430.Aoer negundo 

1431.Aoer negundo lnterlus 1432.Aoec uigYuro 1433.Aoer saooharlnura 

1434.Aoer saooharum 1435.Rhus aromatloa 1436.Rhus oopalllna 

1-437. Rhus glabra 1438.Rhus toxicodendron negundo 1439.Rhus toxicodendron radioans 

1440.Rhus toxicodendron rydbergi 1441.Rhus trilobata 1442.Rhus trilobata serotina 

1443. X Carya brownil 1444.Carya oordlformia 1445.Carya laolniosa 

1446.Carya oval is obovalis 1447.Carya ovata 1448.Carya peoan 

PLATE 62. Sapindaceae (1425-1427), Aesculaceae (1428-1429), Aceraceae (1430-1434), 

Anacardiaceae (1435-1442), Juglandaceae (1443-1451).

100 


1449.Carya tomentoaa 1450.Carya rllloaa 1451.Juglana nigra 

l452.Betula nigra 1463.Corylua amerioaaa 1464.Corylna oomnta 

1455.0atrya Tirginlana 1456. Queroua alba 1457.Queroua bioolor 

1458.Queroua boraalla maxima 1459.Queroua lmbriaaria 1460.Queroua maorooarpa 

1461.Queroua marilandioa 1462.Queroua aahlenbargil 1465.Queroua paluatrla 

1464.Queroua prinoidea 1465.Quaroua ahumrdll 1466.Queroua afcuaaurdil aohneokii 

1467.Queroua atellata 

1468.Queroua Taintina 1468a. Queroue hybrida 

1469.Aralia raoemoea 1469a.Amoaellnua popal 1470-Barula ereota 

PLATE 63. Juglandaceae (1443-1451), Betulaceae (1452-1455), Fagaceae (1456-1468a), 

Araliaceae (1469), Ammiaceae (1469a-1505). 

l471.Cfcaarophyllum prooumbena 1472.Chaerophyllum reflexnm 1475.Chaerophyllum taxanum 

1474.0 leuta maoulata 1476.0onium maoulatum 1476.Cryptotaenia oanadenalB 

1477.Cymopteraa ooaulla 1478.Cynoaoiadlum pinnatun 1479.Dauoua oarota 

1480.Dauona puaillua 1481.Rryngium leavenworthll l482.Brynglua yuoolfollum 

1485.*alophu» aaerlaarme 1488a.»aloarla rulgarla 1484.Heraoleum lanatum 

1485.Lomatlum dauoifolium 1486.Lomatium orientale 1487.Lomatium vllloaum 

1488.Oamorhisa olaytoni 1489.0aaorblia longletylla 1490.0am. longlatylia rillioaulia 

14dl.Paetinaoa aatira 1492.Phellopterua montanua 1493.Polytaenla nuttallii 

PLATE 64. Ammiaceae (1469a-1505). 

84

100 


1494.Ptlllnmiura nuttallil 1495.3anioula oaoadensls 1496.3a ill aula gregarla 

1497.3anloula marilandloa 1498.Slum suave 1499.3permolepl8 dlvarloate 

1600.3permolepla patena 1501.Taenidla lntegerrloa 1502.Thaaplum barb mode 

1503.Thaaplum trifolletum flavum 1504.Torllla Japouloua 1505.Zlaoa aurea 

1506,Cornua aaperlfolla 1507.Cornua florlda 1507a.Comua luatolouaa 

1508.CornuB Interior 1509.Comua obllqua 1610.Cephalantbua oooldentalla 

1511.Dlodla terea 1512.Galium aparina 1513.Galium aparlne valllantll 

1514.Galium olroaeeana hypomalaoum 1516.Galium oonolnnum 1516.Galium obtuaura 

PLATE 65. Ammiaceae (1469a-1505), Cornaceae (1506-1509), Rubiaceae (1510-1523). 

1517.Galium pllosam 1518.Galium tlnotorium 1519.Galium triflorum 

1520.Galium TOrum 1521.Houatonla angu8tifolla 1522.Houstonla minima 

152S.3parmaoooe glabra 162.4.Lonloera dloioa glauoasoens 1525.Lonloera Japonioa 

1526.Lonloera prollfera 

1527.3ambuou8 oanadenals 1528.3ymphorioarpo8 oooldentelle 

1529.Symphorloarpoa orbloulatus 1530.Trloateum aurantlaoum 1531.Trloateum perfollatum 

1532.Viburnum prunlfollum 

1533.Vlbumum prunlfollum buahll 

1534.Viburnum rufldulum 

1535.Valerlanella amarella 1536.Velerlanella radlata 1537.V. etenooerpe parrIflore 

1538.Campanula amerloana 1539.Lobelia appendioulata 1540.Lobelia oardlnalla 

PLATE 66. Rubiaceae (1510-1523), Caprifoliaceae (1524-1534), Valerianaceae (1535-1537), 

Campanulaceae (1538-1548). 

45

100 


1641.Lobelia inflate 1542.Lobelia alphilitioa 1543.Lobelia aploata hlrtella 

1544.Lobelia epioata leptoataohye 1646.Lobelia aplendena 1546.3peonlarla blflora 

1647.Speonlarla leptooarpa 1548.3peonlarla perfoliate 1649.Aotlnomerla altemlfolia 

1550.Berlandlera lyrata 1650a.Berlandiara texana 1551.Bidena blpinnata 

1662.Bidena oemua elliptioa 1553. Bidene oomoaa 1554.Bldena oomoaa aonta 

1655.Bidena oonnata 

1556.Bidena frondoaa 1567.Bldens glanoesoena 

1558,Bidena involuorata 1569.Bldena vulgata 1560.Bldena rolgata puberola 

1561.CoreopBie oardaminlfolia 1662.Coreop8ia grandiflora 1563.Coreopala palmata 

1664.CoreopalB tinotorla 1666.Coreopala trlpteria 1566.Sohinaoea anguetlfolla 

156 7.Eohinaoea pallida 1667a.Boblnaoea paradox* 1568.Sollpta alba 

1569.Bngelmabnia plnnatiflda 1570.Gallnaoga arlatnlata 1571.0allnsoga parviflora 

1572.Helianthna annuua 1573.Hellanthua besaeyi 1574.aellanthua forraosua 

1675.Helianthna groaaeBerratna 

1576.Hellanthua hirautus 1577.Helianthna laetlflorua 

1578.Hellanthus leptooaulla 1579.Hellanthua maxlmillani 1580.HellanthuB mollia 

1680a. Hellanthus molllBBlmua 

1581.Hellanthus petlolarle 1582.HellanthuB rigidns 

1683. Hellanthua aaliolfollua 1684.HellanthuB eeverue 1586.Hellanthua tuberoana 

PLATE 67. Campanulaceae (1538-1548)', Compositae: Helianthaceae (1549-1612). PLATE 68. Compositae: Helianthaceae (1549-1612V 

46


X586,IIellan. tuberosua suboaaasoena 

1589,Heliopala aoabra 

1592.Parthaalom iategrifolium 

1595.R. oolumaifara f. puloherrlma 

1598.Rudbeokla amplexioaullB 

1601.Rudbaokla aubtomantoaa 

1604.311phloa laolnlatum 

1607.Theleaperraa graoila 

1587.Holianthus vlrills 1588.Hallopala haliaatholdea 

1690. Melaapodltna lauoaathanram 

1593.Polymala oaoadeaals 

PLATE 69. Compositae: Helianthaceae (1549-1612). 

1591.Parthanlam hyaterophorua 

1594.Ratiblda ©olumnifara 

1696.RatlbIda plnnata 1597.Ratlb Ida tagatea 

1599.Radbaokla hlrta 

1600. Radbaokla laolnlata 

1602.Radbaokla triloba 1603.311phium latagrifollun 

1605.311phlum perfoliaturn 

1608.Tbalaapenna trlfldum 

1606.3ilpbitun spaolosum 

1609.Verbe8laa ballaathoidea 


1610.7erbealaa rirglaloa 1611.Iimoaoaia aaoalioidoa 1611a.Zim. enoalloidea axaurloulata 

16l2.Zlaaia graadlflora 1613.Ambroala bldaatata 1614.Ambroala ooroaopifolia 

1615.Ambrosia alatior 1616.Ambroala loogiatylla 1617.Ambroala trlflda 

1618.Pransarla aoauthooarpa 1619.Praoaarla teaulfolla 1620,Praaserla tomeatosa 

1621.Ira olliata 1622.Ira xanthifolla 1623.1authlum oblaeasa 

1624.Xanthlom globoaum 1626.Xauthlum ltalloum 1626.laathlum poaasylvan loam 

1627. Xanthlum apeolosom 1628.1aatblam eplnosum 1629.Aotlnella odorata 

1630.Dysaodia pappoBa 1631.Plaverla oampestrls 1688.0alllardla arlatata 

PLATE 70. Compositae: Helianthaceae (1549-1612), Ambrosiaceae (1613-1628), 

Heleniaceae (1629-1650). 

47

100 


1633.Gaillardia drumnondii 1634.Gaillardia fastigiata 1635.Gaillardia lanceolate 

1636.Gaillard ia pulohella 

163'.HeleniuiD autumnale 

1639.Helenium tenuifoliuro 1640,Hymenopappua oorymbosus 

1641.Hymenopappua soabiosaouB 1642.Hymenopappue tenoifolius 

1644.Peotis angaatifolla 1646.Pioradenlopaie oppositifolia 

1638.Helenium nudiflorum 

1640a.Hymenopappua filifollua 

1643,Othake sphaoelate 

1646.Pailostrophe villosa 

1647.Tetraneuris aoanlie 1648.Tetraneurie fastigiata 1649.Tetraneuris linearifolia 

1650.Thymophylla auree 1651.Antennaria oampestris 1662.Antennaria fallax 

165S.Antennaria neglecta 1654.Antennaria plantaginifolie 1655.Diaperia prolifera 

PLATE 71. Compositae: Heleniaceae (1629-1650), Inulaceae (1651-1659). 


1666.Gnaphalium obtusifolium 1657.Gnaphalinm purpureum 1658.Gnaphalium uliginosum 

1669.Pluohea oamphorata 1660.Amphiaohyris draounouloides 1661.Aphanostophus skirrobasis 

1662,A8ter adsurgens 1663.Aster anomalus 1664.Aster azureus 

1665.Aster ooerulesoens 1666.Aster oomznutatus 1667.A8ter drummondii 

1668.Aeter eriooides 1670.Aster eriooides polyoephalus 

1671.Aster eriooides prostratus 1672.A8ter eriooides striotioauliB 1673.Aster exilie 

16 74.Aster fendleri 1675.A8ter laeviformis 1676.Aster laevis 

1677.A8ter lateriflorus pendulus 1678.Aster novae-angliae 1679.Aster oblongifolius 

PLATE 72. Compositae: Inulaceae (1651-1659), Asteraceae (1660-1752). 

48

100 

1680.Aater paludoaua 

1683.Aster pantotriohus 


1681.Aster paniouletus 1688.Aster paniouletus aoutidens 

1684.Aater patena 1685.Aster praealtus 

1686.Aater aagittifoliua 1687.Aster serloeus 1688.Aster turbinellus 

1689.Aater Timlneus subdumoaua 1690.Astranthium integrifollum 1691.Baooharia negleota 

169£.Baoaharia sallolna 1693.Baooharla wrightli 1694.Boltonia aateroidea 

1695.Boltonla latiaquama 1696.Chrysopsl8 anguatifolia 1697.Chrysopsis asprelle 

1698.Chrysopaia bakerl 1699.Chrysopaia ballardi 1700.ChryaopsiB berlendieri 

1701.Chryaopsis foliose 1702.Chrysopsi8 hirsutlssiBa 1703.ChrysopBi8 hispida 

PLATE 73. Compositae: Asteraceae (1660-1752). 


1704.ChryBopsiB imbrioeta 1705.ChrysopBiB pilosa 1706.ChryBOp8iB stenophylla 

1707.ChryBopBi8 villoae 1708.Chrysop8iB visoida 1709.ChryBothaunrraa pulohellua baileyi 

1710.Brigeron annuus 1711.Brigeron bellidiastrnm 1712.Xrlgeron oanadonsia 

l713.Brigeron divarioatua 1714.Brigeron flagellarie 1715.Brigeron phlladelphioua 

1716.Brigeron pulohellua 1717.Brigeron promilus 1718.Brlgeron ramoaue 

1719.Buthamia graminlfolia 1720.Buthamia gyranospermoideo 1721.Buthamia nuttallii 

1722.Grindelia lanoeolata 1723.Grindelia sqnarroBa 1724.Grindelie aquarrosa nude 

1725.Gutierre«la diversifolie 1786.Gutierreiie 8arotbrae l727.Beterotheca subaxillariB 


49

112 


1728.Isopappus dlvarioatua 1729.Leuoelene eriooides 

1751.0onopBl8 ongelmannl 1732.Prlonopsia oillata 

1734.Sideranthus apinuloauB 1735.Solldago oanadenaia 


1750.Maohaeranthera tanaoetlfolla 

1755.Slderanthua annuua 

1736.3. oanadenalB gllrooaneaoena 

1737.3olldago dumetoram 1738.3olldago flexioaulia 1739.Solidago glaberrima 

1740.S. glaberrima morltnra 1741.Solldago llndhelmerlana 1742.Solldago mollis 

1743.Solldago nemoralis & rar. 1744.3. nemoralis deoemflora 1746.Solldago potlolaris 

1746.Solldago rlgida 1747.Solldago serotlna 1748.Solldago epeolosa 

1749.S. speoiosa angustata 1750.Solldago trinervata 1751.Solldago ulmifolia 


1752.Townsendla exsoapa 1763.Blephantopua oarollnianna 1754.Varnonia orlnita 

1755.Vernonia fasoloulata 1756.V, fasoionlata oorymboea 1757.Vernonia interior 

1758. X V. interior x orlnita 1759.Vernonia marginata 1760.Vernonia mlssnrloa 

1761.Briokellia nmbellata 1762.Bnpatorinm altissimum 176S.Bupatorlnm ooeleatinum 

1764.Bupatorlum faloatum 1765.Bupatorium maculatum 1766.Bupatorlum perfoliatum 

1767.Bupatorium ragosum 1768.Bupatorium serotinum 1769.Knhnla hitohoookii 

1770.Kuhnia Buaveolens 4 Tar. 1771.Llatria angUBtlfolla 1772.Llatrl8 kansana 

1773.1iatrie punctata 1774.Liatris pyonostachya 1775.1iatri8 aoariosa 

PLATE 76. Compositae: Asteraceae (1660-1752), Vernoniaceae (1753-17Q0), 

Eupatoriaceae (1761-1778). 

3—1646 

113

100 

1776.Liatria squarroBa oompacta 


1779.Aohill©a aaplenifolia 1780.Achillea millefolium 

1782.AuthemiB ootule 1783.Artemisia abrotanum 

1777.LiatriB 8quarrosa glabrata 1778.LiatriB aquarrosa hirsute 

1781.A. millefolium lauuloBB 

l784.Artemisia absinthium 

1786.Artemisia annua 1786.Artemiaia bienni8 1787.A. oampestrls oaudata 

1788.A. draounoulua draounoulina 1789.A. draounoulus glauoa 1790.Artemisie filifolia 

1791.Artemisia vulgaris oarruthi 

1794.Artemiaia vulgaris mexioana 

1797.Matricaria inodora 

1792.Art. vulgaris gnaphalodea 1793.Art. vulgaris ludovioiena 

1795.Chrysanthemum balsamita 1796.Chrysanthemum leuoanthemum 

1798.1latrioaria matrioarioides 1799.Tanaoetum vulgare 

1800.Ceoelie etriplioifolie 1801.Ceoalia tuberose 1802.Brechtitee hiereolfolie 

1803.Haploeathe8 greggii 1804.Seneoio tridenticuletuB 

1806.seneoio obovatue ombratill8 

1806.Seneoio lntegerrlmus 1807.Seneoio obovatue rotundua 1808.Seneoio plettenala 

1809. Seneoio rlddellll 

1810.Arotlum mlnua 

1811.Cerduue nutene 

1812.CarthamuB tlnotorlua 1813.Centauree amerloana 1814.Centaurea oyanue 

1816,Centaurea plorls 1816.Centanrea aolatltlalla 1817.ClrBlum altlaalmue 

1818.Ciralum arvenae 1819.Clralum dlaoolor 1819a.Clralum flodmanil 

1820.Cir8lum lanoeoletum 1821.CIrsium oohrooentrum 1822.Clralum undulatum 

PLATE 77. Compositae: Eupatoriaceae (1761-1778), Anthemidaceae (1779-1799). PLATE 78. Compositae: Seneciodnidaceae (1800-1809), Carduaceae (1810-1823).


1823.Ciraium undulatum megaoephalum 1824.Agoaeria ouepidata 

1826.Cymbia oooldentalla 

1829.Hieraoium longlpilum 

1882.L. oanadenaia integrifolia 

1835.L. ludoTioiana f. oampeatrla 

1826.Ciohori.Tm latybua 

1827.Cynthia dandelion 1828.Hleraoium gronoTii 

1830.Hieraoium panionlatnm 

1838.Laotuoa Tilloaa 1839.Laotuoa rlroaa 

1841.1orgodeamia roatrata 

18551.Laotaoa oanadenela 

l833.Laotuoa floridana 1834.Laotooa lndoriolana 

1836.Laotuoa pulohella 1837.Laotuoa aerriola 

1842.Prananthaa aapera 

1840.Lygodeamia Junoea 

1843.Ptiloria pano itlora 

1844.PyrrhopappuB oarolinianua 

1846.Pyrrhopappna grandlflorus 1846.3erinia oppoaltifolia 

PLATE 79. Compositae: Carduaceae (1810-1823), Lactucaceae (1824-1853). 

1847.3onohua aaper 1848.3onohna oleraoens 1849.Taraxacum laarigatna 

1850.Taraxacum yulgare 1851.Tragopogon porrifolius 1852.Tragopogon pratenals 

1853. X T. porrifoliua x pratenaia 

ADDENDA TO MAPS 

The following plants, collected in 1939 or earlier, were received after the 

maps had been made by the engraver. Solid dots should be added to the maps 

as indicated. This will bring the record of the Kansas State Herbarium up 

to December 31, 1939. 

Map 

No. County. 

Map 

No. County. 

52. Allium canadense 

Harvey, Crawford counties 

358. Panicum anceps 

Wilson county 

60. Asparagus officinalis 

Crawford county 

387. Paspalum pubiflorum glabrum 

Montgomery county 

63. Erythronium albidum mesachoreum 


388. Paspalum repens 


88. Commelina erecta 


416. Sorghum halepense 

Gray county 

89. Commelina erecta crispa 

Cheyenne county 

447. Hypoxis hirsuta 


94. Tradescantia occidentalis 

Harvey county 

451. Nemastylis acuta 


131. Carex bushii 

Saline county 

453. Sisyrinchium campestre 


137. Carex davisii 

Saline county 

467. Anemone caroliniana 

Marshall county 

143. Carex gravida lunelliana 

Morris county 

482. Ranunculus abortivus 


171. Carex vulpinoidea 

Morris county 

• Andropogon ischaemum 

Elk county 

505. Abutilon theophrasti 

Harvey county 

508. Callirhoe involucrata 

Marshall, Morris counties 

278. Cynodon dactylon 

Lyon county 

531. Madura pomifera 


287. Echinochloa crusgalli mitis 

Morris, Montgomery counties 

532. Morus alba 


327. Hordeum pusillum 


534. Boehmeria cylindrica 


332. Leptochloa filiformis 


PLATE 80. Compositae: Lactucaceae (1824-1853). 

1346a.Ludwigia aatana atipitata 

534a, . Boehmeria cylindrica scabra 

Crawford, Pottawatomie counties


Map 

No. County. 

536. Parietaria pennsylvanica 

Morris county 

540. Geranium carolinianum 

Crawford, Harvey, Morris 

counties 

544. Oxalis europaea bushii 

Harvey county 

545. Oxalis stricta 

Saline county 

563. Zanthoxylum americanum 

Saline county 

564. Ailanthus altissima 

Geary county 

586. Euphorbia dentata 

Morris county 

587. Euphorbia dictyosperma 

Morris county 

594. Euphorbia hyssopifolia 


624. Viola missouriensis 

Harvey county 

632. Viola sororia 


. Viola tricolor 

Reno county 

635. Argemone intermedia 

Harvey county 

663. Capsella bursapastoris 

Harvey, Morris counties 

673. Descurainia sophia 

Harvey county 

686. Lepidium draba 

Dickinson, Nemaha counties 

688. Lepidium ramosissimum 

Reno county 

. Mathiola bicornis 

Saline county 

700. Sisymbrium altissimum 

Harvey county 

703. Stanleya pinnata typica 

Trego county 

705. Thlaspi arvense 

Morris county 

728. Claytonia virginica 


734. Mollugo verticillata 


737. Populus alba 


— . Populus nigra italica 


. Salix nigra lindheimeri 

Neosho county 

. Amaranthus powellii 

Saline county 

758. Amaranthus retroflexus 


761. Froelichia campestris 

Morris county 

763. Iresine rhizomatosa 


769. Chenopodium album 

Harvey county 

804. Polygonum aviculare 


806. Polygonum buxiforme 

Morris county 

Map 

No. County. 

817. Polygonum longistylum 

Crawford, Montgomery counties 

841. Abronia fragrans 


856. Plantago aristata 

Morris county 

861. Plantago purshii 


884. Convolvulus arvensis 

Trego county 

904. Ellisia nyctelea 

Harvey county 

951. Physalis virginiana 

Harvey county 

956. Solanum nigrum interius 

Harvey county 

961. Fraxinus americana 


976. Apocynum sibiricum 

Crawford, Harvey counties 

978. Acerates angustifolia 

Morris county 

980. Acerates hirtella 

Atchison county 

989. Asclepias kansana 


998. Asclepias tuberosa 

Morris county 

1001. Asclepiodora viridis 

Harvey, Marshall counties 

1002. Gonolobus laevis 

Harvey county 

1014. Gerardia skinneriana 


1031. Penstemon albidus 

Reno county 

1036. Penstemon digitalis 

Crawford, Leavenworth counties 

1039. Penstemon tubaeflorus 

Morris county 

1041. Scrophularia marilandica 


1053. Campsis radicans 


1062. Ruellia strepens 


1065. Lippia lanceolata 


1068. Verbena canadensis 

Morris county 

1081. Lamium Harvey, amplexicaule 

1094. Remove Jackson Morris county counties from 

Monarda menthaefolia 

1095. Monarda mollis 

Chase, Jackson, Jefferson, Reno 

counties 

1096. Monarda punctata occidentalis 


1106. Pycnanthemum virginianum 

Cherokee county 

1212. Amorpha canescens 


1217. Apios americana 


1219. Astragalus canadensis 



Map 

No. County. 

1234b. Baptisia leucophaea 


1259. Lathyrus stipulaceus 

Clay county 

1270. Lespedeza virginica 

Wilson county 

1274. Medicago sativa 


1275. Melilotus alba 

Harvey county 

1276. Melilotus officinalis 

Crawford, Harvey counties 

1280. Petalostemum multiflorum 

Morris county 

1286. Petalostemum villosum 

Saline county 

Map 

No. County. 

1566. Echinacea angustifolia 


. Helianthus ciliaris 

Osborne county 

1586. Helianthus tuberosus subcanescens 

Geary county 

1598. Rudbeckia amplexicaulis 


1599. Rudbeckia hirta 

Morris county 

1600. Rudbeckia laciniata 


1604. Silphium laciniatum 


1625. Xanthium italicum 


1287. Psoralea argophylla 

1630. Dyssodia papposa (Boebera p.) 

Morris county 


1290. Psoralea esculenta 

1637. Helenium autumnale 



1300. Strophostyles helvola 

1647. Tetraneuris acaulis 


1301. Strophostyles helvola missouriensis 


1309. Trifolium pratense 


Reno county 

1656. Gnaphalium obtusifolium 


1657. Gnaphalium purpureum 


1311. Trifolium reflexum 


1660. Amphiachyris dracunculoides 


1312. Trifolium repens 


1331. Lythrum alatum 

Harvey county 

1344. Jussiaea diffusa 


1345. Ludwigia alternifolia 


1352. Oenothera canescens 


1369. Oenothera speciosa 

Harvey county 

1370. Oenothera strigosa 


1433. Acer saccharinum 


1438. Rhus toxicodendron negundo 

Morris county 

1680. Aster paludosus 


1710. Erigeron annuus 


1740. Solidago glaberrima moritura 


1749. Solidago speciosa angustata 


1760. Vernonia missourica 


1767. Eupatorium rugosum 

(E. urticaefolium) 


1770. Kuhnia suaveolens 

Jackson county 

1793. Artemisia vulgaris ludoviciana 

1815. Centaurea Morris picris county 

Atchison, Wabaunsee counties 

1458. Quercus borealis maxima 


1816. Centaurea solstitialis 

Johnson county 

1473. Chaerophyllum texanum 

Morris county 

1494. Ptilimnium nuttallii 

Wilson county 

1502. Thaspium barbinode 

1832. Lactuca canadensis integrifolia 


1833. Lactuca floridana 


1837. Lactuca serriola 

Morris county 

Morris county 

1847. Sonchus asper 

1531. Triosteum perfoliatum 

Jackson county 

1510. Lobelia cardinalis 


1547. Specularia leptocarpa 


1549. Actinomeris alternifolia 


Crawford, Harvey, Montgomery 

counties 

1850. Taraxacum vulgare 

Harvey county 

1851. Tragopogon norrifolius 

Harvey county 

1852. Tragopogon pratensis 

Harvev county 

1564. The Coreopsis Arnold Arboretum tinctoria has 562, Ptelea trifolmta from Wilson county; 1427 fapindus 

drummondii Crawford from Cherokee county county, and 1467, Quercus stellata from Douglas and Wilson 

counties.


Annotated List 

PHYLUM PTERIDOPHYTA 

FAMILY OPHIOGLOSSACEAE (Addertung Family) 

Botrychium virginianum (L.) Sw. Grape Fern. 

Woods. East half (map 1). 

Ophioglossum vulgatum L. Adder's tung. 

Meadow. Douglas county, a single station (K.U.) (map 2). 

FAMILY ISOETACEAE (Quillwort Family) 

Isoetes butleri Engelm. Quillwort. 

Moist hillsides. Extreme southeast (Cherokee county) (map 3). 

FAMILY OSMUNDACEAE (Royal Fern Family) 

Osmunda regalis L. Royal Fern. 

Moist places. Woodson county (K.U.) (map 4). 

FAMILY POLYPODIACEAE (Fern Family) 

Adiantum pedatum L. Maidenhair Fern. 

Damp woods or shaded moist ground in thickets. East fourth (map 5). 

Asplenium platyneuron (L.) Oakes. Spleenwort. 

Among rocks. Southeast (Woodson, Labette and Cherokee counties) 

(map 6). 

Asplenium resiliens Kunze. 

Limestone rocks. Southeast ninth (map 7). 

Asplenium trichomanes L. 

Limestone rocks. Wilson county (map 8). 

Athyrium acrostichoides (Sw.) Diels. Lady Fern. 

Rich woods. "Kans.," fide Rydberg. 

Athyrium "filix femina." 

Woods. Osage county (map 8a). 

Athyrium pycnocarpon (Spreng.). Tidestrom. 

Moist woods. Leavenworth and Wyandotte counties (map 9). 

Camptosorus rhizophyllus (L.) Link. Walking Fern. 

Shaded calcareous rocks. East third (map 10). 

Cheilanthes feei Moore. Lip Fern. 

On or among rocks. Uncommon (map 11). 

Cheilanthes lanosa (Michx.) Watt. Lip Fern. 

Rocks. "Kans.," fide Rydberg. 

Cystopteris fragilis (L.) Bernh. 

Filix fragilis (R). 

Rocky ravines. East third, but mostly its north half (map 12). 

Dryopteris goldiana (Hook.) A. Gray. Goldie's Shield Fern. 

Woods. Northeast (Leavenworth county) (K.U.) (map 13). 

Dryopteris marginalis (L.) A. Gray. 

Rocky places. Saline, Wilson and Leavenworth counties (map 14). 

Dryopteris thelypteris (L.) A. Gray. Marsh Shield Fern. 

Marshes. Northeast fourth (map 15). 

Nothoiaena dealbata (Pursh) Kunze. 

Limestone rocks. Scattered in east half (map 16). 

Onoclea sensibilis L. Sensitive Fern. 

Damp places. Scattered in east half (map 17). 

Pellaea atropurpurea Link. 

Dry rocks, especially in ravines. Scattered in east half (map 18). 

Pellaea atropurpurea bushii Mackenzie. 

Pellaea glabella (R). 

Dry rocks, especially limestone. East two-thirds (map 19). 

Pellaea mucronata D. C. Eat. and Pellaea pumila. Rydb. credited to Kansas in Rydberg must 

be mistaken identifications. 

Polypodium polypodioides (L.) Watt. Polypody. 

On trees or rarely rocks. "Kans.," fide Rydberg. 

. Polystichum acrostichoides (Michx.) Schott. Holly Fern, Christmas Fern. 

Rocky places. Extreme southeast (Cherokee county) (map 20). 

Woodsia obtusa (Spreng.) Torr. 

Rocks in ravines. East three-fifths (map 21). 

FAMILY MARSILEACEAE. (Marsilea Family) 

Marsilea vestita Hook. & Grev. Marsilea. 

Marshes or shallow water. West three-fourths (map 22). 

PHYLUM CALAMOPHYTA 

(FAMILY EQUISETACEAE. (Horsetail Family 1 ) 

Equisetum arvense L. Horsetail. 

River banks, moist bluffs and westward perennial springs. Northeast 

fourth, plus Rooks county (map 23). 

Equisetum kansanum Schaffn. Scouring Rush. 

Ravines, moist slopes, especially north facing, even prairies and 

plains. Throughout, less frequent in southeast (map 24). 

Equisetum laevigatum A. Br. Smooth Scouring Rush. 

River bottoms and wet prairies. Scattered, presumably throughout 

(map 25). 

Equisetum praealtum Raf. Scouring Rush. 

E. robustum (R). 

River and creek banks, abandoned river beds. Scattered, possibly 

throughout (map 26). 

Ginkgo biloba L. Ginkgo. 

PHYLUM CYCADOPHYTA 

FAMILY GINKGOACEAE 

Tree, only and rarely in cultivation. Mesophanerophyte. 

FAMILY EPHEDRACEAE 

Ephedra sp. (probably E. sinica Stapf.) 

Low, branched shrub, only in cultivation in experimental plots at 

Manhattan, but apparently promising in soil-erosion work. Chemical 

analyses show a relatively high percentage of ephedrin from these Kansas-grown 

specimens. 

1. Contributed by Jolm H. Schaffner in 1934.

100 


PHYLUM STROBILOPHYTA 

FAMILY PINACEAE. (Pine Family) 

Juniperus virginiana L. Red Cedar. 

Sabina virginiana (R). 

Woods, banks, ravines and also freely in cultivation. Throughout 

except the southwest (map 27). Mesophanerophyte. 

Pinus echinata Mill. Southern Yellow Pine. 

Old records credit this pine to extreme southeastern Kansas, but 

neither authenticating herbarium specimens nor trees have been found 

within the past seventy years. Mesophanerophyte. 

Of the several conifers planted, especially in eastern Kansas, occasional 

local escapes have been found of Pinus banksiana Lamb., Jackpine, 

Pinus nigra Arnold, Austrian pine (Saline, Riley and Geary counties), 

and Pinus sylvestris L., Scotch pine. Escapes of Pinus ponderosa, 

western yellow pine, are now to be expected as the many trees planted 

are coming into bearing. For the first time in recorded Kansas history, 

Pinus sylvestris was severely injured by drought in the great droughts of 

1934-'35. 

Many other conifers are planted, especially in eastern Kansas, but 

have shown no tendency to escape. 

PHYLUM ANTHOPHYTA 

CLASS MONOCOTYLEDONEAE 

FAMILY ALISMATACEAE (Water Plantain Family) 

Alisma subcordatum Raf. Water Plantain. 

Water and muddy shores. East half plus Rooks county (map 28). 

Helophyte. 

Echinodorus cordifolius (L.) Griseb. Burhead. 

Swamps and muddy shores. Scattered mostly along streams in the 

east three-fourths (map 29). Helophyte. 

Echinodorus radicans (Nutt.) Engelm. Creeping Burhead. 

Bordering ponds. Southeast sixth (map 30). Helophyte. 

Lophotocarpus calycinus (Engelm.) J. G. Smith. 

Shallow water and muddy shores. Scattered in east four-fifths (map 

31). Helophyte. 

Sagittaria ambigua J. G. Smith. Lance-leaved Arrowhead. 

Shallow water and muddy shores. Scattered in east half (map 32). 

Helophyte. The type specimen from McPherson county (Kansas State 

Herbarium). 

Sagittaria brevirostra Mack, and Bush. ShorWbeaked Arrowhead. 

Shallow water and muddy shores. Scattered, mostly in east half; 

Sherman county (map 33). Helophyte. 

Sagittaria cuneata Sheldon. Arrowhead. 

Mud and shallow water. Scattered in the west three-fourths (map 


Sagittaria esculenta Howell. Arrowhead. 

Shallow water. Scattered in east two-thirds (map 35). Helophyte. 

Sagittaria graminea Michx. Grass-leaved Arrowhead. 

Shallow ponds and marshes. Extreme southeast (Cherokee county) 

(map 36). Helophyte. 

Sagittaria latifolia Willd. Arrowhead. 

Shallow water. Throughout (map 37). Helophyte. 

Sagittaria longiloba Engelm. Arrowhead. 

Shallow ponds. Scattered in west two-thirds (map 38). Helophyte. 

Sagittaria platyphylla (Engelm.) J. G. Smith. Arrowhead. 

Shallow water. Extreme southeast (Cherokee county) (map 39). 

Helophyte. 

Sagittaria rigida Pursh. Arrowhead. 

Shallow water. "Kans.," fide Rvdberg. Helophyte. 

FAMILY TYPHACEAE (Cattail Family) 

Typha angustifolia L. Narrow-leaved Cattail. 

Marshes, especially saline. South central (map 40). Helophyte. 

Typha latifolia L. Cattail. 

Marshes and muddy shores of lakes and streams. At least east fivesixths 


FAMILY SPARGANIACEAE (Burreed Family) 

Sparganium eurycarpum Engelm. Burreed. 

Swamps, shallow lakes and along streams. Scattered, at least east 

five-sixths (map 42). Helophyte. 

FAMILY POTAMOGETONACEAE (Pondweed Family) 

Potamogeton americanus Cham, and Schlecht. Long-leaved Pondweed. 

Ponds and streams. Scattered throughout (map 43). Hydrophyte. 

Potamogeton diversifolius Raf. Pondweed. 

Including Potamogeton dimorphus Raf. 

Ponds and streams. Scattered in east half (map 44). Hydrophyte. 

Potamogeton foliosus Raf. Pondweed. 

Ponds and streams. Scattered, mostly central (map 45). Hydrophyte. 

Potamogeton lucens L. Shining Pondweed. 

Ponds. Comanche county (map 46). Hydrophyte. 

Potamogeton obtusifolius Mert. and Koch. Pondweed. 

Stillwater. Sheridan and Riley counties (map 47). Hydrophyte. 

Potamogeton pectinatus L. Fennel-leaved Pondweed. 

Fresh, salt, or alkali water. Scattered (map 48). Hydrophyte. 

Potamogeton pusillus L. Pondweed. 

Ponds and slow streams. Saline county. (Sheridan county?) (map 

49). Hydrophyte. 

Ruppia maritima rostrata Agardh. (Rh. 16:125. 1914.) Ditchgrass. 

Salt or brackish water. Scattered in west half (map 50). Hydrophyte. 

106


Zannichellia palustris major (Boenningh.) Koch. Horned Pondweed. 

Fresh and brackish ponds and ditches. Scattered (map 51). 

Hydrophyte. 

FAMILY LILIACEAE (Lily Family) 

Allium arenicola Small. Wild Onion. 

Sandy woods. Labette county (map 51a). Bulb geophyte. 

Allium canadense L. Wild Garlic, Wild Onion. 

In fields and prairies. East half (map 52). Bulb geophyte. 

Allium cepa L. Onion. 

Cultivated and occasionally escaped. Bulb geophyte. 

Allium cernuum Roth. Nodding Wild Onion. 

Prairies. Saline county (map 53). Bulb geophyte. 

Allium, helleri Small is given in Small as ranging north to Nebraska. No Kansas specimens 

at hand fit the description, however. 

Allium mutabile Michx. Wild Onion. 

Woods, thickets and prairies. Scattered in east four-fifths (map 54). 

Bulb geophyte. 

Allium nuttallii S. Wats. Wild Onion. 

Plains and prairies. West three-fifths and Labette county (map 55). 


Allium perdulce S. V. Fraser. Trans. Kan. Acad. Sci. 42:123-126. 1939 (1940). 

Sweet smelling bulbous prairie herb. Central (map 55a). Bulb 

geophyte. 

Allium porrum L. 

Escaped from cultivation. Saline and Washington counties (map 56). 


Allium stellatum Ker. Wild Onion. 

Rocky land prairies. East third (map 57). Bulb geophyte. 

Allium textile Nels. and Macbride. Wild Onion. 

Hills in high plains. Northwest (Cheyenne and Decatur counties.) 

(map 58). Bulb geophyte. 

Allium vineale L. Crow Garlic. 

Saline county (map 58a). Introduced. 

Androstephium caeruleum (Scheele) Greene. 

Prairies. Central, west of Flint Hills (map 59). Bulb geophyte. 

Asparagus officinalis L. Asparagus. 

Frequently escaped from cultivation. East half (map 60). Rhizome 

geophyte. 

Camassia scillioides (Raf.) Cory. (Rhod. 38:405. 1936.) Blue Camas, Wild 

Hyacinth, Swamp Sego. 

Camassia esculenta (R.). 

Thickets and meadows. East third (map 61). Bulb geophyte. 

Erythronium albidum Nutt. White Adder's-tongue, White Dogtooth Violet. 

Rich woods along streams and bluffs. East half (map 62). Bulb 

geophyte. 


Erythronium albidum mesochoreum (Knerr) Rickett. (Rhod. 39:101-105. 

1937.) Prairie Adder's-tongue, Prairie Dogtooth Violet. 

Erythronium mesochoreum (R.). 

Rocky prairies, ravines and barrens. East half (map 63). Bulb 

geophyte. 

Hemerocallis fulva L. Day Lily. 

Meadows and along streams escaped from cultivation. Johnson 

county (K.U.) (map 64). Rhizome geophyte. 

Lilium michiganense Farwell. Turk's-cap Lily. 

Lilium canadense (R.). 

Meadows and swamps. East fourth (map 65). Rare. Bulb geophyte. 

Melanthium virginicum L. Bunchflower. 

Swamps and meadows. East sixth (map 66). Rhizome geophyte. 

Nothoscordum bivalve (L.) Britton. False Garlic. 

Prairies and barrens. East half (map 67). Bulb geophyte. 

Ornithogalum umbellatum L. Star-of-Bethlehem. 

Rarely escaped from gardens (Riley and Saline counties) (map 68). 


Polygonatum canaliculatum (Muhl.) Pursh. Large Solomon's Seal. 

Polygonatum commutatum (Schulte) (R.). 

Polygonatum giganteum Dietr. (R.). 

Moist woods and alluvial thicket?. East half (map 69). Rhizome 

geophyte. 

Smilacina racemosa cylindrata Fernald. (Rhod. 40:406. 1938.) False Spikenard, 

False Solomon's Seal. 

Rocky woods and thickets. Scattered in east half (map 70). Rhizome 

geophyte. 

Smilacina stellata (L.) Desf. False Solomon's Seal. 

Moist rich woods and thickets. Scattered in north two-thirds (map 

71). Rhizome geophyte. 

Smilax bona-nox L. Smilax, Greenbrier. 

Thickets. Scattered in east (map 72). Specimens not showing the 

fiddle leaves frequently identified as S. rotundijolia. Liana. 

Smilax ecirrhata (Engelm.) Wats. 

Nemexia ecirrhata (R.). 

Woods. Douglas county (map 73). Vine, Hemicryptophyte. 

Smilax herbacea L. Carrion Flower, Smilax. 

Nemexia herbacea (R.). 

Woods and thickets. East fourth (map 74). Root tuber geophyte. 

Smilax herbacea lasioneuron (Hook.) A. DC. Carrion Flower, Smilax. 

Smilax lasioneuron (R.). 

Woods and thickets. East half (map 75). 

Smilax hispida Muhl. Greenbrier, Smilax. 

Thickets. East two-thirds (map 76). Liana. A few very long peduncled 

specimens have been identified as S. pseudo-china L.


Trillium gleasoni Fernald. Trillium, Wake-robin. 

Trillium declinatum (R.). 

Woods. Shawnee county (map 77). Rhizome geophyte. 

Trillium sessile L. Trillium, Wake-robin. 

Woods. Extreme east (Miami and Cherokee counties) (map 78). 

Rhizome geophyte. 

Trillium viride Beck. Trillium. 

Woods. "Kans.," fide Rydberg. Rhizome geophyte. 

Trillium viridescens Nutt. Trillium. 

Rocky or alluvial woods. Southeast (map 79). Rhizome geophyte. 

A specimen collected by E. N. Plank in 1898 labeled T. viride Beck? 

from southwestern Kansas certainly with wrong locality. 

Uvularia grandiflora Smith. Bellwort. 

Woods and thickets. Extreme east (map 80). Uncommon. Rhizome 

geophyte. 

Veratrum woodii Robbins. False Hellebore. 

Woods and hills. "Kans.," fide Rydberg. Rhizome geophyte. 

Yucca baccata Torr. Spanish Bayonet. 

Plants of dry plains. "Kans.," fide Rydberg. Chamaephyte. 

Yucca filamentosa L. Spanish Bayonet, Needle and Thread. 

Cultivated, sometimes naturalized. Chamaephyte. 

Yucca glauca Nutt. Yucca, Soapweed, Beargrass. 

Plains, hillsides and sanddunes. West three-fourths (map 81). 

Chamaephyte. 

Zygadenus nuttallii S. Wats. Death Camas. 

Toxicoscordion nuttallii (R). 

Prairie, on dry limestone slopes and rocky ravines. South threefourths 

of east two-fifths (map 82). Bulb geophyte. 

Many species of the family Liliaceae are in Kansas only in cultivation. 

Among them are Convallaria majalu L., Lily of the Valley; 

Hosta spp.; Muscari botryoides (L.) Mill, Grape Hyacinth; Tulipa spp., 

Tulip. 

FAMILY PONTEDERIACEAE (Pickerelweed Family) 

Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Schlecht. Water Hyacinth. 

Cultivated, but not persisting after escaping. 

Heteranthera dubia (Jacq.) MacM. Water Stargrass. 

Zosterella dubia (R). 

Streams and still water. Scattered in central (Riley to Decatur 

counties) (map 83). Hydrophyte. 

Heteranthera limosa (Sw.) Willd. Mud Plantain. 

Shallow water. Scattered throughout (map 84). Hydrophyte. A 

form albiflora Benke from great Bend, Barton county, August 10, 1929. 

Benke 5127 (type) in Field Museum. (Rhod. 34:9. 1932.) 

Heteranthera reniformis R. & P. Mud Plantain. 

Heteranthera peduncularis (R). 

Shallow water. Scattered in east half (map 85). Hydrophyte. 

Pontederia cordata L. Pickerelweed. 

Bordering shores, ponds and swamps. Extreme southeast (Cherokee 

county) (map 86). Helophyte. 

FAMILY COMMELINACEAE (Day Flower Family) 

Commelina communis L. Creeping Day Flower. 

Waste places. Scattered in east fourth (map 87). Hemicryptophyte. 

Commelina erecta L. Day Flower. 

Banks, woods and sand bars. East half (map 88). Hemicryptophyte. 

Commelina erecta crispa (Wooton) Palmer and Steyermark. Day Flower. 

Sandy and rocky places. Southwest fourth to Saline county (map 

89). Plus Cheyenne county. Hemicryptophyte. 

Commelina longicaulis Jacq. Day Flower. 

Commelina nudiflora. 

Moist sandy or alluvial, open or cultivated ground. East sixth (map 

90). Hemicryptophyte. 

Commelina virginica L. Day Flower. 

Perennial in damp soils. East half and Sheridan and Kiowa counties 

(map 91). Hemicryptophyte. 

Tradescantia bracteata Small. Spiderwort. 

Prairies. East two-thirds (map 92). Hemicryptophyte. 

Tradescantia canaliculata Raf. 

Tradescantia reflexa Raf. (R). 

Especially in sandy soil. East half and Seward county (map 93). 

Hemicryptophyte. 

Tradescantia hirsutiflora Bush. 

Sandy places. "Kans.," fide Rydberg. Hemicryptophyte. 

Tradescantia occidentalis (Britton) Smyth. Spiderwort. 

Wet prairies and plains. West two-thirds (map 94). 


X Tradescantia occidentalis X T. canaliculata. 

Sand praii'ie. Saline county. Hemicryptophyte. 

Tradescantia pilosa Lelim. (Tradescantia subaspera Ker-Gawl). 

"Kans.," fide Rydberg but not known west of eastern Missouri. One Riley county 

specimen, must have been cultivated. 

Tradescantia tharpii Anderson & Woodson. 

Tradescantia brevicaulis (R). 

Rocky prairies, hillsides and thickets. Central (map 95). 


X Tradescantia tharpii X (T. bracteata). 

Sand prairies. Cloud and Saline counties. Hemicryptophyte. 

Tradescantia virginiana L. Many old collections so labeled, but not known west of eastern 

Missouri. 

FAMILY JUNCACEAE 2 (Rush Family) 

Juncus acuminatus Michx. Knotty-leaved Rush. 

Marshes and low places. Central (Saline county) (map 96). 

Helophyte. 

2. Contributed by F. J. Hermann.


Juncus acuminatus obtusatus F. J. Hermann. 

Wet places. Pottawatomie county (map 96). Helophyte. 

Juncus aristulatus Michx. 

Juncus biflorus Ell. 

Moist sand prairies and meadows. Southeast fourth plus Saline 

county (map 97). Helo-hemicryptophyte. 

Juncus balticus montanus Engelm. 

Juncus ater (R). 

Valleys of the plains and high plains. Southwest fourth and Cheyenne 

county (map 98). Hemicryptophyte. 

Juncus diffusissimus Buckley. 

Low spots in prairies and plains and borders of streams. Scattered 


Juncus dudleyi Wieg. 

Moist prairies and wet places along streams in plains. Scattered 

throughout (map 100). Helo-hemicryptophyte. 

Juncus effusus solutus Fern. & Wiegand. Rush. 

(Approaching J. effusus pylaei [Laharp].) 

Swamps, borders of ponds and streams. Southeast (Sedgwick and 

Crawford counties) (map 101). Helophyte. 

Juncus interior Wieg. 

Prairies and plains. East two-thirds plus northwest ninth (map 102). 

General. Helo-hemicryptophyte. 

Juncus kansanus F. J. Hermann. 

Prairies. Cloud, Saline and Chautauqua counties (map 103). Hemicryptophyte. 

Juncus macer S. F. Gray. Slender Rush. 

Juncus tenuis Willd. (R). 

Scattered in east half (map 104). Hemicryptophyte. 

Juncus marginatus Rostk. 

Low sandy meadows and prairies. East half (map 105). Helo-hemicryptophyte. 

Juncus marginatus setosus Coville. 

Moist thickets. South central (Kingman county) (map 105). Hemicryptophyte. 

Juncus neomexicanus Wieg. 

Prairies. East (Shawnee county) (map 106). Hemicryptophyte. 

Juncus nodatus Coville. 

Wet sand prairies, borders of streams. East half (map 107). Hemicryptophyte. 

Juncus scirpoides Lam. 

Wet sandy soil. Central (Stafford county) (map 108). Helophyte. 

Juncus torreyi Coville. Rush. 

Borders of ponds and streams, and wet sandy areas in prairies and 

plains. Throughout (map 109). General. Helophyte. 

Juncus validus Coville. 

Wet sandy places. Southeast (Chautauqua county) (map 110). 

Helophyte. 


Luzula campestris bulbosa A. Wood. Woodrush. 

Isuzula bulbosa (R). 

Woods and thickets. East fifth (map 111). Hemicryptophyte. 

FAMILY NAIADACEAE 

Naias guadalupensis (Spreng.) Morong. Naiad. 

Shallow water in ponds and lakes. Trego, Ness and Riley? counties 

(map 112). Hydrophyte. 

FAMILY ARACEAE (Arum Family) 

Acorus calamus L. Sweet Flag, Calamus Root. 

Swamps and borders of ponds and streams. Scattered in east twothirds 

(map 113). Rhizome geophyte. 

Arisaema dracontium (L.) Schott. Green Dragon. 

Muricauda dracontium (R). 

Moist rocky ravines. East half (map 114). Corm geophyte. 

Arisaema triphyllum (L.) Schott. Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Indian Turnip. 

Rich or rocky woods and thickets. East third (map 115). Corm 

geophyte. 

Peltandra virginica (L.) Kunlh. Arrow Arum. 

Cultivated in wet soil. Sedgwick county. Corm geophyte. 

FAMILY LEMNACEAE (Duckweed Family) 

Lemna minima Philippe. Duckweed. 

Pools. Geary and Saline counties (map 116). Floating hydrophyte. 

Lemna minor L. Little Duckweed. 

Stagnant water and slow streams. Central (map 117). Floating 

hydrophyte. 

Lemna perpusilla Torr. Duckweed. 

Ponds and streams. Scattered throughout (map 118). Floating 

hydrophyte. 

Spirodela polyrhiza (L.) Schleiden. Large Duckweed. 

Pools and ponds. Scattered throughout (map 119). Floating 

hydrophyte. 

Wolffia Columbiana Karst. 

Lakes and pools. Scattered in central (map 120). Floating 

hydrophyte. 

Wolffia papulifera C. H. Thompson. 

Pools. Linn county (map 121). Floating hydrophyte. 

FAMILY CYPERACEAE (Sedge Family) 

Bulbostylis capillaris (L.) C. B. Clarke. 

Stenophyllus capillaris (R). 

River valleys. Scattered in east two-fifths (map 122). Therophyte. 

Carex 3 aggregata Mackenzie. Sedge. 

Dry woods and thickets. Northeast fourth (map 123). Hemicryptophyte. 

J,- c0 ? tr ^ te o d ^/- J - Hermann - T1 »e genus Carex in Kansas. The American 

Midland Naturalist 17:849-865. 1986. 

3—1646

100 KANSAS STATE COLLEGE BULLETIN THE FLORA OF KANSAS 

Carex annectens xanthocarpa (Bickn.) Wiegand. Sedge. 

Carex brachyglossa Mack. (R). 

Fields and pastures. Scattered in east third (Cherokee, Lyon and 

Saline counties) (map 124). Hemicryptophyte. 

Carex artitecta Mackenzie. Sedge. 

Carex varia Muhl. (R). 

Dry soil. East two-fifths (map 125). Hemicryptophyte. 

Carex austrina (Small) Mack. Sedge. 

Dry soil. Scattered, mostly central (map 126). 

Carex bicknellii Britton. Sedge. 

Dry soil. East third plus Sherman county (map 127). 

Carex blanda Dewey. Sedge. 

Woods and thickets. East two-fifths (map 128). Hemicrytophyte. 

Carex brevior (Dewey) Mack. Sedge. 

Carex festucacea in part. 

Dry soil. 

cryptophyte. 

Throughout except southwest eighth (map 129). Hemi- 

Carex brevior molesta (Mack.) F. C. Gates. 

Dry soil. Scattered in east three-fifths (west to Osborne county) 


Carex bushii Mackenzie. Sedge. 

Prairies. Cloud, Clay, Saline and Cherokee counties (map 131). 


Carex cephalophora Muhl. Sedge. 

Dry soil. Riley, Wyandotte and Cherokee counties (map 132). 


Carex conjuncta Boott. Sedge. 

Moist meadows and thickets. Extreme eastern (Wyandotte county) 


Carex convoluta Mack. Sedge. 

Dry woods. Leavenworth and Wyandotte counties (map 134). 


Carex crawei Limestone Dewey. areas. Sedge. Shawnee county (map 135). Hemicryptophyte. 

Carex crus-corvi Shuttlew. Sedge. 

Swamps and low wet woods. Wabaunsee and Wyandotte counties 

(map 136). Hemicryptophyte, helophyte. 

Carex davisii Schw. & Torr. Sedge. 

Thickets, meadows and borders of streams. 


Carex eleocharis Bailey. Sedge. 

(C. stenophylla of old lists.) 

Northeast sixth (map 

Dry soil of plains. Northwest eighth plus Riley county (map 138). 


Carex emoryi Dewey. Sedge. 

(C. stricta of old lists.) 

Swamps and on river banks. East two-thirds, but mostly north half 

(map 139). Hemicryptophyte, helophyte. 

Carex frankii Knuth. Sedge. 

Swamps and borders of streams. South two-thirds of east fourth 


Carex granulans Muhl. Sedge. 

Moist meadows. Wyandotte county (and Saline county?) (map 141). 


Carex granulans haleana (Olney) Porter. Sedge. 

Moist prairie. Riley and Ellis counties (map 141). Hemicryptophyte. 

Carex gravida Bailey. Sedge. 

Plains and prairies. Northwest, central and northeast (map 142). 


Carex gravida lunelliana (Mack.) Hermann. Sedge. 

Carex lunelliana Mack. (R). 

Dry prairies. East half plus Sheridan county (map 143). 


Carex grisea Wahl. Sedge. 

Woods and thickets. East half plus Osborne county (map 144). 


Carex heliophila Mack. Sedge. 

Prairies and plains. East half plus Osborne county (map 145). 


Carex hirsutella Mack. Sedge. 

Dry rocky woods. Cherokee county (map 146). Hemicrytophyte. 

Carex hirtifolia Mack. Sedge. 

(Misspelled hirtiflora [R]). 

Woods and thickets. Wyandotte county (map 147). Hemicrytophyte. 

Carex hyalinolepis Steud. Sedge. 

Carex riparia (R). 

Swamps. East sixth (map 148). Helophyte. 

Carex hystricina Muhl. Sedge. 

Swampy soil. North half, except extreme west, plus Wilson county 


Carex interior Bailey. Sedge. 

Swampy places. Trego and Riley counties (map 150). Hemicryptophyte. 

Carex jamesii Schw. Sedge. 

Dry woods. Kansas river valley east from Shawnee county (map 


Carex laeviconica Dewey. Sedge. 

Marshes. Cloud to Pottawatomie to Saline counties (map 152). 

Hemicryptophy te. 

59


Carex lanuginosa Miehx. Sedge. 

Swampy places. Northeast of a line from Decatur to Montgomery 

counties (map 153). Hemicryptophyte. 

Carex leavenworthii Dewey. Sedge. 

Prairies. Scattered in east third south from Cloud county (map 154). 


Carex lupulina Muhl. Sedge. 

Swamps. Wyandotte and Labette counties (map 155). Hemicryptophyte, 

helophyte. 

Carex meadii Dewey. Sedge. 

Meadows and prairies. East two-fifths plus Sheridan county (map 


Carex microdonta Torr. & Hook. Sedge. 

Chautauqua and Montgomery counties (map 157). Hemicryptophyte. 

Carex muhlenbergii enervis Boott. Sedge. 

Prairie. Cherokee county (map 158). Hemicryptophyte. 

Carex muskingumensis Schwein. Sedge. 

Moist woods and thickets. W.yandotte county (map 159). Hemicryptophyte. 

Carex nebraskensis Dewey. Sedge. 

Meadows and swamps of high plains. Cheyenne county (map 160). 

Hemicryptophyte (helophyte?). 

Carex normalis Mack. Sedge. 

Woodlands. Wyandotte county (map 161). Hemicryptophyte. 

Carex oligocarpa Schk. Sedge. 

Dry woods. Riley and Wyandotte counties (map 162). Hemicryptophyte. 

Carex praegracilis W. Boott. Sedge. 

(C. marcida of old lists.) 

Plains and prairies. Scattered but mostly in north half (map 163). 


Carex retroflexa Muhl. Sedge. 

Woods and thickets. Cherokee county (map 164). Hemicryptophyte. 

Carex rosea Schk. Sedge. 

Woods and thickets. Franklin and Wyandotte counties (map 165). 


Carex scoparia Schk. Sedge. 

Moist soil. Cloud. Washington, Saline. Clay and Linn counties (map 


Carex shortiana Dewey. Sedge. 

Moist woods. Leavenworth and Wyandotte counties (map 167). 


Carex siccata Dewey. Sedge. 

Immature specimens from Logan county in western Kansas seem to 

be this species (map 167a). 


Carex sparganioides Muhl. Sedge. 

Swampy woods and thickets. Leavenworth and Wyandotte counties 


Carex stipata Muhl. Sedge. 

Wet meadows and swamps. Cloud and Saline counties east plus 

Crawford county (map 169). Hemicryptophyte. 

Carex tribuloides Wahl. Sedge. 

Prairies. Wyandotte county (map 170). Hemicryptophyte. 

Carex vulpinoidea Michx. Sedge. 

Swampy places. General except less frequent westward and absent 

in extreme west (map 171). Hemicryptophyte. 

The following are credited definitely to Kansas in Rydberg's Manual, but 

no specimens have been located to support such distribution: 

Carex mesochorea Mack. 

Carex xerantica Bailey. 

Carex tetanica Schk. as specimens are C. meadii. 

Carex shriveri Britton. 

Carex trichocarpa Muhl. but not the specimens. 

The following from Britton, 3d edition: 

Carex lanuginosa kansana Britton (not now recognized). 

Carex castanea Wahl. 

Carex filifolia Nutt. 

The following species are listed by Smyth as occurring in Kansas, but are 

unsupported by specimens and all are more or less doubtful: 

534. Carex gigantea Rudge. 551. Carex globosa (Bailey). 

535. Carex utriculata Boott. 558. Carex platyphylla Carey. 

536. Carex monile Tuckerman. 559. Carex setifolia Britt. 

537. Carex lurida Wahl. 562. Carex umbellata Schk. 

539. Carex squarrosa L. 565. Carex douglasii Boott. 

542. Carex aristata R. Br. 570. Carex diandra Schrank. 

Cyperus acuminatus Torr. & Hook. Sedge. 

Wet soil. At least east three-fourths (map 172). Therophyte. 

Cyperus diandrus Torr. Sedge. 

Marshes. East three-fourths (map 173). Therophyte. 

Cyperus erythrorhizos Muhl. Sedge. 

Wet places. Northeast fourth (map 174). Therophyte. 

Cyperus esculentus L. Yellow Nutgrass. 

Moist ground, sand and gravel bars and cultivated ground. Rhizome 

tuberbearing. Probably throughout (map 175). Geophyte. 

Cyperus ferruginescens Boeckl. (Rhod. 37:150. 1935.) 

Cyperus speciosus Vahl. 

Marshes. East two-thirds (map 176). Therophyte. 

Cyperus filiculmis Vahl. Sedge. 

(Including Cyperus bushii Britton.) 

Dry fields and hillsides. Throughout (map 177). Rhizome geophyte. 

60


Cyperus flavescens L. 

Low ground. Johnson and Wyandotte counties (map 178). Therophyte. 

Cyperus hallii Britton. 

Wet places. Southeast (west to Barber county, north to Osage 

county) (map 179). Hemicryptophyte. 

Cyperus houghtoni Torr. 

Sandy places. Possibly throughout (map 180). Geophyte? 

Cyperus infiexus Muhl. 

Wet sandy soil of ravines, river bars, and cultivated grounds. East 

five-sixths (map 181). Therophyte. 

Cyperus ovularis (Michx.) Torr. 

Sandy soil along streams, dry open woods and prairies. Southeast 

ninth (map 182). Geophyte. 

Cyperus pseudovegetus Steud. 

Wet places in prairies and borders of streams. Southeast (Neosho 

and Cherokee counties) (map 183). 

Cyperus rivularis Kunth. 

Along streams and in ponds. North central (map 184). Therophyte. 

Cyperus rotundus L. 

Sandy fields. "Kans.," fide Rydberg. Geophyte. 

Cyperus schweinitzii Torr. 

Sandy, low ground along streams and ponds. West two-thirds and 

northeast sixth (map 185). Hemicryptophyte. 

Cyperus strigosus L. 

Low, wet ground, along streams and ponds. East two-thirds and 

Stevens county (map 186). Hemicryptophyte. 

A variety, capitatus Britton, is in Kingman county; variety, compositus 

Britton, in Riley and Leavenworth counties; variety, gracilis, in 

Riley county and variety, robiLStior Britton, scattered in east two-thirds 

(map 187). Hemicryptophytes. 

Eleocharis 4 acicularis (L.) R. & S. Spikerush. 

Wet places. Throughout (map 188). Hemicryptophyte. 

Eleocharis compressa Sulliv. Spikerush. 

Eleocharis acuminata (R). 

Wet places, bordering ponds and ditches. Scattered (map 189). 


Eleocharis elliptica Kunth. 

Eleocharis capitata borealis Svenson. 

Wet places, uncommon. Douglas county (map 190). 

Eleocharis engelmanni Steud. 

Wet soil. Woodson and Saline counties (map 191). Therophyte. 

Eleocharis geniculata (L.) R. & S. 

Eleocharis atropurpwrea (Retz.) Kunth of old lists. 

Moist soil. Barber county (map 192). Therophyte. 

4. Plants all checked over by Dr. H. K. Svenson in 1939. 

THE FLORA OF KANSAS 11» 

Eleocharis macrostachya Britton. Spikerush. 

A species complex which includes Eleocharis palustris and E. palustns 

glaucescens of old lists and E. calva Torr., E. mamillata Lindb. and E. 

xyridiformis Fernald & Brackett as to Kansas specimens of more recent 

work. 

Wet soil. Throughout (map 193). Hemicryptophyte. 

Eleocharis obtusa (Willd.) Schultes. Spikerush. 

Muddy borders of streams and ponds. East half (194). Therophyte. 

Eleocharis tenuis verrucosa Svenson. 

Wet places. Cherokee county (map 198). Hemicryptophyte. 

Eleocharis wolfii A. Gray. 

Wet soil. Throughout (map 199). 

Fimbristylis castanea puberula (Michx.) Britton. 

Meadows, sandy prairies. East two-thirds (map 200). Hemicrypto- 

phyte. 

Fimbristylis interior Britton. 

Meadows. Scattered throughout (map 201). Hemicryptophyte. 

Fimbristylis mucronulata (Michx.) Blake. 

Fimbristylis autumnalis (R). 

Sandy moist places. South central and southeast (map 202). Hemi- 

cryptophyte. 

Fuirena simplex Vahl. Umbrellagrass. 

Moist soil. Scattered mostly in central (map 203). Hemicryptophyte. 

Hemicarpha drummondii Nees. 

Damp sand. Wyandotte and Neosho counties (map 204). Therophyte. 

Hemicarpha micrantha (Vahl.) Pax. 

Sandy places. Pottawatomie, Clay and Rooks counties (map 205). 

Therophyte. 

Hemicarpha micrantha aristulata Coville. 

Sandy banks. Trego and Cloud counties (map 206). Therophyte. 

Kvllingia pumila Michx. 

Cyperus densicaespitosus Hattf. & Kukenth. 

Moist or wet soil in prairies or woods. Wyandotte county (map 207). 

Therophyte. 

Rynchospora corniculata (Lam.) Gray. Beaked Rush. 

Swamps. Crawford county (map 208). Hemicryptophyte. 

Scirpus americanus Pers. Bulrush, Three-square. 

Fresh or saline swamps and sandy or alluvial banks of streams. West 

two-thirds and east through the Kansas river valley (map 209). Helophyte. 

Scirpus americanus longispicatus. 

Trego and Morton counties. Helophyte. 

Scirpus atrovirens Muhl. 

Swampy open ground. East five-sixths (map 210). Helophyte.


Scirpus fluviatilis (Torr.) Gray. River Bulrush. 

Wet places along streams and ponds and in ditches. Scattered in east 

and central and southwest (map 211). Helophyte. 

Scirpus hallii A. Gray. 

Wet places. Rooks county (map 212). Therophyte. 

Scirpus lineatus Michx. 

Swamps and wet prairies. East half and ? Seward county (map 213). 

Helophyte. 

Scirpus pallidus (Britton) Fernald. 

Wet open ground. Scattered (map 214). Helophyte. 

Scirpus paludosus A. Nels. 

Salt marshes. West two-thirds (map 215). Helophyte. 

Scirpus validus Vahl. Bulrush. 

Water and wet places in prairies. Throughout (map 216). Helophyte. 

Scleria pauciflora Muhl. Nutgrass. 

Barrens and dry places. Southeast twelfth (map 217). Hemicryptophyte. 

A variety kansana Fernald in Cherokee county 

Scleria triglomerata Michx. Tall Nutgrass. 

Meadows and thickets. East fourth (map 218). Hemicrytophyte. 

FAMILY POACEAE (GRAMINEAE) (Grass Family) 

Aegilops cylindrica Host. Goat Grass. 

Wheat fields and waste places in towns and along railroads. Introduced. 

Central (map 219). Therophyte. (Winter annual.) Pubescent 

plants are known as var. rubiginosa Popova and have the same range. 

X Aegilops cylindrica x Triticum aestivum was discovered by C. O. Johnson in 

Geary county in 1937 and was present in quantity in 1938. Also Barton 

county. 

Agropyron cristatum (L.) Beauv. Crested Wheatgrass. 

Cultivated fields and vicinity. West (map 220). Hemicryptophyte. 

Agropyron pauciflorum (Schwein.) Hitchc. 

Agropyron tenerum Vasey. (R). 

Agropyron trachycaulum typicum Fernald. 

Dry soil. Cheyenne county (map 221). Hemicryptophyte. 

Agropyron pseudorepens Scribn. & Smith. 

Plains, fide Smyth. Hemicryptophyte. 

Agropyron repens (L.) Beauv. Quackgrass, Couch Grass. 

Fields and waste places. Introduced. Northeast (map 222). Hemicryptophyte—rhizome 

geophyte. 

Agropyron smithii Rydb. Western Wheatgrass, Bluejoint. 

Prairies and plains. Throughout, but commoner westward (map 223). 

Hemicryptophyte— rhizome geophyte. 

Agropyron subsecundum (Link.) Hitchc. 

Agropyron caninum. 

Agropyron richardsonii (R). 

Meadows and thickets according to Smyth. Hemicryptophyte. 


Agrostis alba L. Redtop. 

Agrostis palustris Huds. 

Including A. vulgaris of Smyth's List. 

A. stolonijera L. and A. tenuis Sibth. 

Fields, wet meadows and waste places. East three-fourths (map 224). 


Agrostis elliottiana Schultes. 

Dry soil. Southeast (Chautauqua and Crawford counties) (map 225). 

Therophyte. 

Agrostis exarata. 

Credited to Kansas but no evidence of its occurrence. The specimens are Agrostis 

alba. 

Agrostis hyemalis (Walt.) B.S.P. Hairgrass, Ticklegrass. 

Open places. East two-thirds (map 226). Hemicryptophyte. 

Agrostis perennans (Walt.) Tuckerm. 

Including A. schweinitzii Trin. (A. perennans aestivalis Vasey.) 

Woods and wooded banks. East fifth (map 227). Hemicryptophyte. 

Alopecurus aequalis Sobol. Floating Foxtail Grass. 

Alopecurus aiistulatus Michx. (R). 

Wet meadows. Shawnee county (map 228). Hemicryptophyte. 

Alopecurus carolinianus Walt. Foxtail Grass. 

Alopecurus geniculatus L. (R). 

Wet meadows, ditches and waste ground. Scattered in east threefourths 

(map 229). Therophyte. 

Alopecurus myosuroides Huds. Foxtail Grass. 

Waste places and railway banks. Adventative from Europe. 

Riley county (map 230). Hemicryptophyte. 

Alopecurus pratensis L. Meadow Foxtail Grass. 

Meadows and waste places. Riley county (map 231). 


Andropogon furcatus Muhl. Big Bluestem, Bluejoint Turkeyfoot. 

Andropogon provincialis Lam. (R). 

Prairies and open rocky woods. Abundant. Throughout except extreme 

southwest (map 232). Hemicryptophyte. 

Andropogon hallii Hack. Turkeyfoot. 

Including A. chrysocomus Nash. (R). 

Plains, sandhills. West half (map 233). Hemicryptophyte. 

Andropogon ischaemum L. 

A patch 30 by 50 feet of this low grass, west of Howard, Elk county 

was found in 1937 by D. R. Cornelius. Specimens transplanted to Manhattan 

are flourishing (1939). 

Andropogon saccharoides Sw. Silver Beardgrass. 

Bothrichloa saccharoides (Sw.) (R). 

Prairies and plains. Mostly southwest, but to Osborne, Shawnee and 

Labette counties (map 234). Hemicryptophyte.


Andropogon scoparius Michx. Little Bluestem, Prairie Beardgrass. 

Prairies, plains, open woods and sand hills. Var. polyclados Scribn. 

& Nash. (Rhod. 19:103 1917.) Abundant. Throughout (map 235). 


Andropogon ternarius Michx. Silvery Beardgrass. 

Sandy open woods. Wilson county (map 236). Hemicryptophyte. 

First collected in Kansas in 1935 by D. R. Cornelius. 

Andropogon virginicus L. Beardgrass, Broomsedge. 

Old fields and waste ground. Scattered in east half. Spreading 

rapidly of late (map 237). Hemicryptophyte. 

Anthoxanthum odoratum L. Sweet Vernalgrass. 

Meadows, only in cultivation. Hemicryptophyte. 

Aristida adscensionis L. Tufted Wiregrass. 

Aristida jasciculata Torr. (R). 

Dry open ground. Southwest (map 238). Therophyte. 

Aristida basiramea Engelm. Triple-awn. 

Dry prairies. East half (map 239). Hemicryptophyte. 

Aristida curtissii (A. Gray) Nash. 

Dry soil in open ground. Cloud and Saline counties (map 240). 


Aristida desmantha Trin. & Rupr. 

Open sandy soil. Credited to southwestern Kansas by Smyth, but 

no specimens. 

Aristida dichotoma Michx. Poverty Grass. 

Dry open prairies and woods. Labette and Cherokee counties (map 


Aristida divaricata Humb. & Bonpl. Poverty Triple-awn. 

Dry soil, hills and plains. Southwest sixth (map 242). Hemicryptophyte. 

Aristida fendleriana Steud. Fendler Triple-awn. 

Dry soil, plains and hills. Southwest fourth (map 243). Hemicryptophyte. 

Aristida intermedia Scribn. & Ball. Triple-awn. 

Low sandy soil. Scattered in east two-thirds (map 244). Hemicryptophyte. 

Aristida longespica Poir. 

Aristida gracilis Ell. (R). 

Poor or sandy dry soil. Extreme southwest (Morton county) (map 

245). Therophyte. 

Aristida longiseta Steud. Dogtown Grass, Red Triple-awn. 

Dry or sandy, plains and foothills. West two-thirds (map 246). 


Aristida longiseta robusta Merr. 

Dry or sandy, plains and foothills. Scattered in west two-thirds (map 


Aristida oligantha Michx. Prairie Triple-awn. 

Open dry sterile soil. East two-thirds (map 248). Therophyte. 

Aristida purpurascens Poir. Arrowfeather. 

Dry sandy soil. East half (map 249). Hemicryptophyte. 

Aristida purpurea Nutt. Purple Triple-awn. 

Dry hills and plains. Southwest and Riley county (map 250). Hemicryptophyte. 

Aristida ramosissima Engelm. Triple-awn. 

Dry prairies. "Kans.," fide Rydberg (288 in Smyth). Hemicryptophyte. 

Aristida wrightii Nash. Triple-awn. 

Dry soils, plains and hills. "Kans.," fide Rydberg, B. & B. Hemicryptophyte. 

Arrhenatherum elatius (L.) Beauv. Oatgrass. 

Fields and waste places. Cultivated, seldom escaping. Eastern. 

(350 in Smyth). Hemicryptophyte. 

Arundo donax L. Giant Reed. 

Only in cultivation in Kansas. Rare. (871 in Smyth.) 

Avena fatua L. Wild Oats. 

Fields and waste places. Northeast Kansas fide Smyth. Therophyte. 

Avena sativa L. Oats. 

Cultivated, escaping to waste ground along roads and railroads. 

Scattered throughout. Therophyte. 

Beckmannia syzigachne (Steud.) Fernald. American Sloughgrass. 

Wet ground. Sherman and Shawnee counties (map 251). 

Bouteloua curtipendula (Michx.) Torr. Tall or Sideoats Grama. 

Prairies, plains, rocky hills and open woods. Throughout (map 252). 


Bouteloua gracilis (H. B. K.) Lag. Blue Gramagrass. 

Plains and prairies. West five-sixths (map 253). Hemicryptophyte. 

Bouteloua hirsuta Lag. Hairy Gramagrass. 

Prairies, plains and rocky hills. West five-sixths (map 254). Hemicryptophyte. 

Brachyelvtrum erectum (Schreber) Beauv. 

Moist or rocky woods. Wyandotte county (map 255). Hemicryptophyte. 

Briza maxima L. Big Quaking Grass. 

Only in cultivation in gardens. Therophyte. 

Briza media L. Quaking Grass. 

Only in cultivation in gardens. Therophyte. 

Bromus anomalus Rupr. Nodding Bromegrass. 

Bromus porteri (Coult.) (R). 

Hillsides. According to Smyth, Norton county, rare. Therophyte. 

Bromus carinatus Hook. & Arn. 

Open ground in Ellis county (map 256). 

Bromus catharticus Vahl. Rescue Grass. 

Bromus unioloides (Willd.) (R). 

Pastures and waste places. Central (map 257). Therophyte. 

123

148 


Bromus ciliatus laeviglumis Scribn. Bromegrass. 

Meadows and hillsides. Cloud county (map 258). Hemicryptophyte. 

Bromus commutatus Schrader. Hairy Chess. 

Fields and waste places. Scattered in east third (map 259) Therophyte. 

Bromus inermis Leyss. Awnless Bromegrass. 

Fields and meadows. Northeast fourth (map 260). Hemicryptophyte. 

Bromus japonicus Thunb. Japanese Chess or Brome. 

Bromus patulus Mert. & Koch. (R). 

Waste places. East half, west to Sheridan county in north (map 261). 

Therophyte (winter annual). 

Bromus mollis L. Soft Chess. 

Bromus hordeaceus L. (R). 

Roadsides, fields and waste places. Riley and Kiowa counties (map 


Bromus purgans L. Canada Brome, Hairy Woodchess. 

Moist rocky woodlands and shady banks. East third and Ottawa 

and Rooks counties (map 263). Hemicryptophyte. 

Bromus purgans latiglumis (Scribn.) Shear. Brome. 

Bromus altissimus Pursh. (R). 

Meadows. Douglas and Leavenworth counties (map 264). Hemicryptophyte. 

A form incanus (Shear) Hitchc., on wooded hills, northeast fourth 

of Kansas (map 265). Hemicryptophyte. 

Bromus racemosus L. Chess. 

Waste places. Labette, Wyandotte, Douglas and Ellis counties (map 


Bromus secalinus L. Cheat. 

Grainfields, roadsides, and waste places. East three-fourths (map 


Bromus secalinus velutinus (Schrad.) Koch. 

Waste places. Cloud and Montgomery counties (map 268). 

Therophyte. 

Bromus squarrosus L. 

"Kans." fide Rydberg but specimens are Bromus japonicus. 

Bromus tectorum L. Downy Chess. 

Waste places, roadsides and sandy soil. Scattered, but mostly west 

three-fourths (map 269). The variety, nudus Klett & Rucht (map 

269), has been recently found in Sheridan county. Therophyte. 

Buchloe dactyloides (Nutt.) Engelm. Buffalo Grass. 

High plains, dry hilltops and ledges in the prairie. Throughout, but 

most abundant westward (map 270). Hemicryptophyte. The most important 

grass of the high plains. 

Calamagrostis canadensis (Michx.) Nutt. Reed Grass. 

Banks and swamps. Extreme west (Hamilton county) (map 271). 

Hemicryptophyte or helophyte. 

Calamagrostis inexpansa A. Gray. 

"Kans." fide Smyth and Rydberg, but no authenticating specimens. 

Calamovilfa gigantea (Nutt.) Scribn. and Merr. Sandgrass. 

Sanddunes. Southwest to Sedgwick county and in Riley county (map 


Calamovilfa longifolia (Hook.) Hack. Sandgrass. 

Sanddunes and sand prairie. Jewell to Shawnee counties and Cheyenne 

and Comanche counties (map 273). Hemicryptophyte. 

Cenchrus pauciflorus Benth. Sandbur. 

Sandy soil of valleys, fioodplains, fields and cultivated ground. 

Throughout (map 274). Therophyte. 

Chlovis subdolichostachya C. Muell. 

Chloris brevispica Nash (R). 

A single depauperate specimen, Benke 2142, from Hutchinson, Reno 

county, October 10, 1918, in the Field Museum, seems to be the only 

Kansas specimen known (map 274a). 

Chloris gayana Ivunth. Rhodes Grass. 

Meadowgrass occasionally cultivated under irrigation. 

Chloris verticillata Nutt. Windmill Grass. 

Prairies and plains. Throughout (map 275). Hemicryptophyte. 

Chloris virgata Swartz. Feather Fingergrass. 

Chloris elecjans H. B. K. (R). 

Sandy soil. Central (Edwards, Reno and Ellis counties) (map 276). 

Therophyte. 

Cinna arundinacea L. Wood Reedgrass. 

Moist woods. East two-thirds (map 277). Hemicryptophyte. 

Coix lachryma-jobi L. Job's-tears. 

Only in cultivation as an ornamental. 

Cortaderia selloana (Schult.) Aschers. and Graebn. Pampasgrass. 

Only in cultivation. 

Cvnodon dact.ylon (L.) Pers. Bermuda Grass. 

Cultivated and frequently escaped. East three-fifths (map 278). 

Cynosurus cristatus L. 

Cultivated only. 

Dactylis glomerata L. Orchard Grass. 

Fields and waste places. Scattered but commoner eastward 

(map 279). 

Danthonia spicata (L.) Beauv. Wildoatgrass, Poverty Grass. 

Woods and hillsides. Extreme southeast (Cherokee county) (map 


Diarrhena americana Beauv. 

Diarrhena arundinacea (R). 

Diarina jestucoides Raf. 

Rich woods. East half (map 281). Hemicryptophyte. 

Digitaria filiformis (L.) Koeler. Slender Fingergrass. 

Syntherisma filijormis (R). 

Sandy soil. East third (map 282). Therophyte. 

124

126 


Digitaria ischaemum Schreb. Small Crabgrass. 

Syntherisma ischaemum (R). 

Waste places and fields. East third (map 283). Therophyte. 

Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. Crabgrass. 

Syntherisma sanguinalis (R). 

Syntherisma sanguinalis marginata (Link). 

Cultivated ground and waste places, lawns and roadsides (map 284). 

Throughout. Therophyte. 

Distichlis stricta (Torr.) Rydb. Alkaligrass, Saltgrass. 

Salt marshes, alkalin soils and waste places. West three-fourths 


Echinochloa crusgalli (L.) Beauv. Barnyard Grass. 

Including 

Echinochloa occidentalis (Wieg.) (R). 

Echinochloa pungens (Poir.) (R). 

Moist open places, ditches, river banks, waste places and cultivated 

fields. Throughout (map 286). Therophyte. 

Echinochloa crusgalli mitis (Pursh) Peterm. 

Including 

Echinochloa occidentalis (Wieg.) (R). 

Echinochloa microstachya (Wieg.) (R). 

With the species but most frequently westward. Throughout (map 


Echinochloa crusgalli frumentacea (Roxb.) Wight. Billion-dollar Grass. 

Echinochloa frumentacea (Roxb.) (R). 

Sometimes cultivated, seldom escaping. Therophyte. 

Echinochloa crusgalli zelayensis (H. B. K.) Hitchc. 

(Specimens are often identified as E. colona.) 

Wet sandy soil. Southwest fourth and Greenwood county (map 288). 

Therophyte. 

Echinochloa walteri (Pursh) Heller. 

Recorded by Smyth, but specimens are E. crusgalli. Therophyte. 

Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. Goosegrass, Yard Grass. 

Waste and cultivated ground, naturalized from Eurasia. East fourfifths 


Elymus canadensis L. Nodding Wild Rye. 

River banks among bushes, prairie, open ground and sandy soil. 

Scattered throughout (map 290). Hemicryptophyte. 

Elymus canadensis brachystachys (Scribn. & Ball.) Farwell. Wild Rye. 

Moist open or partly shaded ground. Throughout except southwest 


Elymus canadensis robustus (Scribn. & Smith) Mackenzie & Bush. Wild Rye. 

Elymus canadensis f. glaucifolius (Michx.) 

Valleys, prairies and plains. Common. Throughout (map 292). 


Elymus macounii Vasey. Wild Rye. 

Meadows. Hamilton county (map 293). Hemicryptophyte. 

V' 


Elymus villosus Muhl. Wild Rye. 

Elymus striatus Willd. (R). 

Woods and on river banks. Scattered east half and southwest fourth 


Elymus villosus arkansanus (Scribn. & Ball) Hitchc. Wild Rye. 

Elymus striatus arkansanus (R). 

Rocky woods. Scattered in east two-thirds (map 295). 


Elymus virginicus L. Virginia Wild Rye. 

Moist soil, low woods, prairies and along streams (map 296). 


Elymus virginicus australis (Scribn. & Ball) Hitchc. Southern Wild Rye. 

Prairies, rocky hills and open woods. Finney county (KU) (map 297). 


Elymus virginicus glabriflorus (Vasey.) Bush. Wild Rye. 

Elymus glabriflorus (R). 

Woods and thickets. Doniphan (KU) and Wilson (KU) counties 


Elymus virginicus intermedius (Vasey.) Bush. Wild Rye. 

Elymus hirsutiglumis Scribn. (R). 

Thickets, low ground and river banks. Scattered in east fourth (map 


Elymus virginicus submuticus Hook. 

Elymus curvatus Piper (R). 

Woods and open ground. East three-fifths (map 300). Hemicryptophyte. 

Elymus glaucus of Smyth's list is possibly Elymus macounii. 

Elymus condensatus of Smyth's list was certainly misidentified. 

Eragrostis barrelieri Daveau. 

Waste places. Saline county (map 301). Therophyte. 

Eragrostis capillaris (L.) Nees. Lacegrass, Lovegrass. 

Open dry places. East half (map 302). Therophyte. 

Eragrostis cilianensis (All.) Link. Lovegrass, Stinkgrass. 

Waste places and cultivated ground. Throughout (map 303). 

Therophyte. 

Eragrostis curtipedicellata Buckl. 

Prairies, plains and open woods. Extreme south central (map 304). 


Eragrostis frankii C. A. Meyer. Frank's Lovegrass. 

Moist low or sandy ground. East fourth (map 305). Therophyte. 

Eragrostis hypnoides (Lam.) B. S. P. Smooth Creeping Lovegrass. 

Moist sandy or gravelly river banks on wet ground. East half (map 


Eragrostis intermedia Hitchc. Plains Lovegrass. 

Dry, rocky, gravelly or sandy prairies. Extreme south central (map 


127


Eragrostis pectinacea (Michx.) Nees. Pursh Lovegrass. 

Eragrostis purshii Schrad. (R). 

Waste places, open ground and along streams. At least east threefourths 


Eragrostis pilosa (L.) Beauv. India Lovegrass. 

Cultivated ground and waste places. Throughout (map 309). Therophyte. 

Eragrostis poaeoides Beauv. Low Lovegrass. 

Waste places and cultivated ground. Uncommon (map 310). Therophyte. 

Eragrostis reptans (Michx.) Nees. Hairy Creeping Lovegrass. 

Sandy soil, river banks. Saline and Chautauqua counties (map 311). 

Therophyte. 

Eragrostis secundiflora Presl. 

Dry or sandy soil. Southwest fourth northeast to Pottawatomie 


Eragrostis sessilispica Buckl. 

Acamptoclados sessilispica Buckl. (R). 

Plains and sandy prairies. Southwest to Kiowa county (map 313). 


Eragrostis spectabilis (Pursh). Steud. Purple Lovegrass. 

Eragrostis pectinacea (R). 

Dry or sandy soil. Mostly east two-thirds (map 314). Hemicryptophyte. 

Eragrostis trichodes (Nutt.) Nash. 

Sandy soil in barrens, sanddunes, or open sandy wood?. Central and 

northeast sixth (map 315). Hemicryptophyte. 

Eragrostis trichodes pilifera (Scheele) Fernald (Rhod. 40:331. 1938). 

Eragrostis pilifera (R). 

Sandy woods. Tufted perennial in shady sandy places. Central (map 


Erianthus ravennae (L.) Beauv. Ravenna Grass. 

Only in cultivation as an ornamental. Hemicryptophyte. 

Eriochloa contracta Hitchc. Prairie Cupgrass. 

Open moist to wet places, ditches, low fields. South and east of line 

from Grant to Washington counties (map 317). Therophyte. 

Euchlaena mexicana Schrad. 

Only in cultivation. Therophyte. 

Festuca elatior L. Meadow Fescue. 

Meadows, open woods and waste ground. East, two-thirds (map 318). 


Festuca obtusa Spreng. 

Festuca nutans Spreng. (G), (B & B). 

Woods. East two-fifths (map 319). Hemicryptophyte. 

Festuca octoflora Walt. Slender Fescue Grass. 

Sandy or rocky soil in prairies and open woods. Throughout (map 


Festuca octoflora hirtella Piper. 

Prairies, Ellis county (map 320a). A. W. Albertson in 1938. 

Festuca ovina L. Sheep Fescue. 

Cultivated in lawns and escaped in Ellis and Saline counties (map 321). 


Festuca paradoxa Desv. Fescue. 

Festuca shortii Kunth. 

Wet prairies, thickets and open woods. East third (map 322). Hemicryptophyte. 

Glyceria canadensis (Michx.) Trin. 

"Kans." fide B & B & Rydberg, but no authenticating specimens. 

Glyceria striata (Lam.) Hitchc. Fowl Meadowgrass, Mannagrass. 

Glyceria nervata (R). 

Wet meadows and swamps. North half and east third (map 323). 


Glyceria grandis (424 in Smyth as G. americana) and 

Glyceria septentrionalis (425 in Smyth as G. fluitam). 

Both without authenticating specimens and improbable. 

Gymnopogon ambiguus (Michx.) BSP. 

Dry sandy woods. Chautauqua county (map 324). Hemicryptophyte. 

Hierochloe odorata (L.) Beauv. Sweet Grass, Holy Grass. 

Only in cultivation. Hemicryptophyte. 

Holcus lanatus L. Velvet Grass. 

Meadows and waste places. Eastern Kansas. Hemicryptophyte. 

Hordeum jubatum L. Foxtail Barley, Squirreltail Grass. 

Dry sandy soil, prairies and waste places. Probably throughout (map 


Hordeum jubatum caespitosum (Scribn.) Hitchc. 

Hordeum caespitosum Scrib. (R). 

Meadows and springy places. West half and ? Allen county (map 


Hordeum pusillum Nutt. Little Barley. 

Plains, waste places, and open frequently alkalin ground. Throughout 


Hordeum nodosum L. Meadow Barley. 


Hordeum vulgare L. Barley. 

Cultivated; occasionally in waste ground. Therophyte. 

Hordeum vulgare trifurcatum (Schlecht.) Alefeld. Beardless Barley. 

Cultivated, or in waste ground. Therophyte. 

Hystrix patula Moench. Bottlebrush Grass. 

Woods. East fourth (map 328). Hemicryptophyte. 

Tmperata sacchariflora (206 in Smyth as only in cultivation). 

Koeleria cristata Pers. Crested Hairgrass, Junegrass. 

Including Koeleria latifrons, Koeleria nitida and Koeleria gracilis (R). 

Prairies. East two-thirds, west in the north to Cheyenne county 


10—1646


Leersia lenticularis Michx. Catchfly Grass. 

Wet ground, ditches, and swamps. (271 in Smyth.) Hemicryptophyte-helophyte. 

No authenticating specimens known, but quite likely 

present. 

Leersia oryzoides (L.) Swartz. Rice Cutgrass. 

Swamps, river banks and lake edges. Scattered throughout (map 

330). Hemicryptophyte-helophyte. 

Leersia virginica Willd. Cutgrass, Whitegrass. 

Moist or wet ground along streams and in woods. East three-fourths 

(map 331). Hemicryptophyte-helophyte. Most specimens are clearly 

the var. ovata (Poir.) Fern, except from Miami and Labette counties. 

Leptochloa fascicularis (Lam.) Gray. Salt Meadowgrass. 

Including Diplachne acuminata Nash. (R). 

Brackish meadows, ditches, alkali flats or shallow water. Scattered in 

east three-fifths (map 333). Hemicryptophyte. 

Leptochloa filiformis (Lam.) Beauv. Red Sprangletop. 

Including Leptochloa mucronata Kunth. 

Open or shady ground, fields and sandy river banks. Scattered in 

east two-thirds (map 332). Therophyte. 

Leptochloa filiformis f. attenuata (Steud.). 

Scattered in southeast. Therophyte. 

Leptoloma cognatum (Schultes) Chase. Fall Witchgrass. 

Dry soil, sand hills and sand prairie. East two-thirds (map 334). 


Lolium multiflorum Lam. Italian Ryegrass. 

Introduced in lawns, fields and waste places. Scattered, mostly east 


Lolium perenne L. Perennial Ryegrass. 

Introduced in lawns, waste places and cultivated ground. Northeast 

fourth and Sheridan county (map 336). Hemicryptophyte. 

Lolium temulentum L. Darnel, Poison Darnel. 

Introduced in fields and waste ground. Neosho and Riley counties 


Melica mutica Walt., 400 of Smyth's list is a misidentification. 

Melica nitens Nutt. Three-flower Melic. 

Rocky woods. East third and Finney county (map 338). Hemicryptophyte. 

Melica porteri Scribn. Porter Melic. 

Ravines, moist open woods. East fourth (map 339). Hemicryptophyte. 

Miscanthus sinensis Anderss. Plumegrass, Eulalia. 

Miscanthus sinensis gracillimus Hitchc. 

Miscanthus sinensis variegatus Beal. 

Miscanthus sinensis zebrinus Beal. 

Only in cultivation as ornamentals. 

Muhlenbergia andina (Nutt.) Hitchc. Foxtail Muhly. 

Muhlenbergia comata (R). 

Plains and river valleys, southwestern, fide Hitchcock (map 340). 


Muhlenbergia arenicola Buckl. 

Sandy plains, mesas and foothills. Russell county (USNH) (map 


Muhlenbergia asperifolia (Nees & Meyen) Parodi. Scratchgrass. 

Sporobolus asperifolius (R). 

Damp or marshy, often alkalin soils along streams and ditches. West 

three-fifths (map 342). Hemicryptophyte. 

Muhlenbergia brachyphylla Bush. 

East half, mostly north part (map 343). Hemicryptophyte. 

Muhlenbergia capillaris (Lam.) Trin. 

Dry rocky or sandy soil. Elk and Chautauqua counties (map 344). 


Muhlenbergia cuspidata (Torr.) Rydb. 

Stony slopes and dry prairies. East three-fifths (map 345). 


Muhlenbergia filiformis (Thurb.) Rydb. 

Muhlenbergia simplex (Scribn.). 

Waste places. Finney county (map 346). Therophyte. 

Muhlenbergia foliosa (Roem. & Schult.) Trin. 

Moist thickets, woods, swamps. Central (Kingman and Saline 

counties) (map 347). 

Muhlenbergia mexicana (L.) Trin. Satin Grass, Wirestem Muhly. 

Wet meadows, thickets and waste places. East three-fourths (map 

348). Hemicryptophyte. A form, filiformis, in Barton, Riley, Osage and 

Wyandotte counties. 

Muhlenbergia mexicana f. commutata (Scribn.) 

Muhlenbergia commutata (R). 

Meadows. Central north (map 349). Hemicryptophyte. 

Muhlenbergia microsperma (DC.), 305 in Smyth's list is a misidentification. 

Muhlenbergia pun gens Thurb., 308 in Smyth's list is a misidentification. 

Muhlenbergia racemosa (Michx.) BSP. Marsh Muhly. 

Moist meadows, thickets and open woods. Except southwest and 

southeast (map 350). Hemicryptophyte. 

Muhlenbergia schreberi Gmel. Nimblewill. 

Dry hills and woods. East half (map 351). Hemicryptophyte. 

Muhlenbergia sobolifera (Muhl.) Trin. 

Rocky woods and thickets. East half and Sheridan county (map 


Muhlenbergia tenuiflora (Willd.) BSP. 

Credited to eastern Kansas (304 in Smyth's List), but no authenticating specimens 

have been found. 

Muhlenbergia sylvatica Torr. 

Muhlenbergia umbrosa Scribn.


Muhlenbergia torreyi (Kunth) (R). 

Moist woods and thickets. Scattered in east two-thirds (map 353). 


Muhlenbergia torreyi (Kunth) Hitchc. Ringgrass. 

Muhlenbergia gracillima Torr. (R). 

Plains. Southwest fourth to Russell county (map 354). Hemicryptophyte. 

Munroa squarrosa (Nutt.) Torr. False Buffalo Grass. 

Dry plains and hills especially in disturbed soil. West half and 

Cherokee county (map 355). Therophyte. 

Oryza sativa L. 

Occasionally cultivated. 

Oryzopsis hymenoides Nutt. 

Eriocoma hymenoides (R). 

Badlands and sandy places. Northwest fourth (map 356). Hemicryptophyte. 

Oryzopsis micrantha (Trin. & Rupr.), 276 in Smyth's list; 

Oryzopsis racemosa (Smith), 278. O. melanocarpa in Smyth's list, and 

Oryzopsis asperifolia Michx., 277 in Smyth's list, all without specimen evidence, and the lattef 

two certainly misidentifications. 

Panicum agrostoides Spreng. Redtop Panicgrass. 

Wet meadows, ditches and borders of ponds. East half (map 357). 


Panicum anceps Michx. 

Moist, sandy soil. Cherokee and Wilson counties (map 358). Hemicryptophyte. 

Panicum capillare L. Ticklegrass, Witchgrass. 

Dry or sandy soil, waste places and cultivated ground. Throughout 


Panicum capillare occidentale Rydb. Western Ticklegrass. 

Panicum barbipulvinatum (R). 

Sandy soil, open ground. Scattered in north half from Riley county 

west (map 360). Therophyte. 

Panicum clandestinum L. 

Moist ground. East third (map 361). Hemicryptophyte. 

Panicum depauperatum Muhl. 

Dry soil and open woods. McPherson county fide A. S. Hitchcock in 

literatur (Plank 18) (map 362). Hemicryptophyte. 

Panicum dichotomiflorum Michx. Fall Panicum. 

Wet soil, fields, waste places and cultivated ground. East five-sixths 

(map 363). Therophyte. Mostly, if not entirely, the variety geniculatum 

(Wood) Fernald. (Rh. 38:387). 

Panicum gattingeri Nash. 

Open ground and waste places. "Kans.," fide Rydberg. Therophyte. 

Panicum hillmani Chase. 

Open places. Scattered in central and southwestern Kansas (map 


Panicum huachucae Ashe. Hairy Panicgrass. 

Prairies and open ground. East two-thirds (map 365). Hemicryptophyte. 

Panicum huachucae fasciculatum (Torr.) F. T. Hubb. 

Panicum huachucae silvicola Hitchc & Chase. 

Dry open woods. East third (map 366). Hemicryptophyte. 

Panicum latifolium L. 

Woods. East sixth (map 367). Probably also 252 in Smyth's list as 

Panicum boscii. Hemicryptophyte. 

Panicum leibergii (Vasey) Scribn. 

Prairies. East fifth (map 368). Hemicryptophyte. 

Panicum lindheimeri Nash. 

Dry sandy or sterile woods or prairies. Labette county (map 369). 


Panicum linearifolium Scribn. 

Dry, open woods and prairies. Southeast (Chautauqua and Cherokee 

counties) (map 370). Hemicryptophyte. 

Panicum malacophyllum Nash. 

Sandy woods. Jackson county (KU) (map 371). Hemicryptophyte. 

Panicum miliaceum L. Broomcorn Millet. 

Waste places, escaped from cultivation. Sheridan and Jefferson counties 


Panicum obtusum H. B. K. Vine Mesquite. 

Sandy or gravelly soil. Southwest fourth (map 373). Hemicryptophyte. 

Panicum perlongum Nash. 

Prairies and dry hills. Saline, Riley and Geary counties (map 374). 


Panicum praecocius Hitchc. & Chase. 

Dry, open places, prairies. East two-thirds (map 375). Hemicryptophyte. 

Panicum pseudopubescens Nash. 

Sandy open woods. Central (map 376). First identified from wet 

year specimens as Panicum ovale and so recorded in Hitchcock's manual. 


Panicum scoparioides Ashe. 

"Kans.," fide Rydberg, but specimens are P. villosissimum Nash. 

Panicum scoparium Lam. 

Moist prairies. "Kans.," fide Rydberg. 

Panicum scribnerianum Nash. 

Meadows, prairies, sand prairies. East three-fourths (map 377). 


Panicum sphaerocarpon Ell. 

Sandy ground. Southeast twelfth (map 378). Hemicryptophyte. 

Panicum tennesseense Ashe. 

Open, rather moist ground and borders of woods. Scattered in east 

two-thirds (map 379). Hemicryptophyte. 

133

134 148 KANSAS STATE COLLEGE BULLETIN 

Panicum texanum Buck!. Texas Millet. 

Prairies and low open ground along streams and irrigation ditches. 

Hamilton county (map 380). Therophyte. 

Panicum villosissimum Nash. 

Sandy or poor soil, open woods and hillsides. Saline county (map 


Panicum virgatum L. Switchgrass. 

Prairies and plains, especially in sandy soil. Throughout (map 382). 


Panicum werneri Scribn. 

Sterile woods and knolls. "Southeast Kansas," fide Rydberg. Hemicryptophyte. 

Panicum wilcoxianum Vasey. 

Prairies and plains. Central Kansas (map 383). Hemicryptophyte. 

Pappophorum mucronulatum Nees. Pappusgrass. 

Pappophorum vaginatum Buckl. (R). 

Low places in gravelly or sandy soil. Fide Smyth and C. 0. Johnston 


Paspalum ciliatifolium Michx. 

Prairie. Southeast (map 384a). 

Paspalum circulare Nash. 

Fields, open moist ground. Cherokee county (map 385). (219 in 

Smyth's List as Paspalum laeve and 220 as Paspalum angustifolium are 

both this.) Hemicryptophyte. 

Paspalum floridanum glabratum Engelm. Paspalum. 

Low ground, marshes. Southeast (Montgomery to Crawford counties) 

(map 386). Hemicryptophyte. No Kansas specimens of the species 

itself are known. 

Paspalum pubiflorum glabrum Vasey. 

Moist ground in woods or on banks. Labette and Montgomery counties 


Paspalum repens Bergius. Water Paspalum. 

(Paspalum fluitam [Ell.] Kunth in Rhod. 39:385. 1937.) 

Paspalum mucronatum Muhl. (R). 

Aquatic, mostly submerged, rarely terrestrial. Southeast (Labette, 

Montgomery and Cherokee counties) (map 388). Hydrophyte (helophyte) 

. 

Paspalum stramineum Nash. 

Including Paspalum setaceum and Paspalum muhlenbergii in Rydberg 

as pertaining to Kansas. 

Sandy soil in the open and in woods. Throughout (map 389). Hemicryptophyte. 

Pennisetum alopecuroides (L.) Spreng. 


Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br. Pearl Millet. 

Only in cultivation. Therophyte. 


Pennisetum ruppelii Steud. Fountain Grass. 


Pennisetum villosum R. Br. Feathertop. 

Only in cultivation, not persistent upon escaping. Hemicryptophyte. 

Phalaris arundinacea L. Reed Canary Grass. 

Wet places, marshes, river banks and ditches. Scattered (map 390). 


Phalaris arundinacea picta L. Ribbon Grass. 


Phalaris canadensis L. Canary Grass. 

Waste places. Scattered (map 391). Therophyte. 

Phalaris caroliniana Walt. Canary Grass. 

Wet ground. Southeast twelfth plus Saline county (map 392). Therophyte. 

Phalaris minor Retz. 


Phleum pratense L. Timothy. 

Meadows, roadsides, lawns and waste ground. East four-fifths (map 


Phragmites communis berlandieri (Fournier) Fernald. Reed, Canegrass. 

Swamps, marshes and in water. Widely scattered (map 394). Helophyte. 

Poa annua L. Annual Bluegrass. 

Lawns, waste places and cultivated ground. Scattered throughout 


Poa arachnifera Torr. Texas Bluegrass. 

Grassy valleys. South central (map 396). Rhizome geophyte. 

Poa arida Vasey. Plains Bluegrass. 

Including Poa praiensijormis Rydb. (R). 

Prairies, plains and alkali meadows. West two-thirds (map 397). 


Poa bulbosa L. Bulbous Bluegrass. 

Escaped at Lindsborg, McPherson county, 1938 (map 398). 

Poa chapmaniana Scribn. Chapman Bluegrass. 

Dry soil, in open ground or cultivated fields. Shawnee county (map 


Poa compressa L. Canada or English Bluegrass. 

Waste places, cultivated ground and woodlands in dry, mostly sterile, 

soil. East third and Clark county (map 400). 

Poa pratensis L. Kentucky Bluegrass. 

Lawns, fields, meadows and woodlands. Throughout, but more suited 

to northeast fourth (map 401). Rhizome geophyte. 

Poa sylvestris A. Gray. Sylvan Speargrass. 

Rich woods and thickets. East third (map 402). 

134


Poa trivialis L. 

Ottawa county (map 403). 

Smyth lists the following, 421. Poa buckleyana, 417. Poa alsodes, 416. Poa 

autumnalis, 412. Poa palustris, and 418. Poa wolfii, for none of which have authenticating 

specimens been found. 

Poa languida Hitchc. credited to Kansas in Rydberg, but Smyth's specimen is Festuca obtusa. 

Polypogon monspeliensis (L.) Desf. Rabbit-foot Grass. 

Sandy soil along the Arkansas river from Hamilton county to Cowley 

county (map 404). Therophyte. 

Puccinellia nuttalliana (Schultes) Hitchc. Nuttall Alkaligrass. 

Moist usually alkalin or saline soil. Southwest fourth (map 405). 


Redfieldia flexuosa (Thurber) Vasey. Blowout Grass, Sandgrass. 

Sandhills. Southwest fourth and Shawnee county (map 406). Hemicryptophyte. 

Sasa japonica Mak. Bamboo. 

Only in cultivation. Here a hemicryptophyte. 

Schedonnardus paniculatus (Nutt.) Trel. Tumblegrass. 

Prairies and plains especially in sandy soil. Throughout (map 407). 

Therophyte. 

Secale cereale L. Rye. 

Cultivated and escaping to waste places, roadsides, etc. Scattered, 

mostly northern (map 408). 

Setaria geniculata (Lam.) Beauv. Knotroot Bristlegrass. 

Meadows, salt marshes and cultivated ground. Scattered in southern 

two-thirds (map 409). Rhizome geophyte. 

Setaria italica (L.) Beauv. Foxtail Millet, Italian Millet. 

Cultivated and escaping along roadsides, etc. Throughout (map 410). 

Therophyte. 

Setaria lutescens (Weigel) Hubbard. Yellow Foxtail, Yellow Bristlegrass. 

Waste places, roadsides and cultivated ground. Throughout (map 

411). Common. Therophyte. 

Setaria verticillata (L.) Beauv. Bur Bristlegrass. 

Waste places and around dwellings. Clay and Riley counties (map 


Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv. Green Foxtail, Green Bristlegrass. 

Waste places and in cultivated ground. Throughout. Abundant (map 


Sitanion hystrix (Nutt.) J. G. Smith. 

Including Sitanion elymoides Raf. (R). 

Dry hills and plains. West two-fifths and Republic and Cherokee 


Sorghastrum nutans (L.) Nash. Indian Grass. 

Prairies, plains and open woods. Throughout (map 415). Hemicryptophyte. 

Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. Johnson Grass. 

Fields and waste places. Scattered throughout (map 416). Rhizome 

geophyte to therophyte from south to north. 

Sorghum vulgare L. in many varieties cultivated, frequently escaping, but not 

persistent. Throughout. Therophyte. 

Sorghum vulgare sudanense (Piper) Hitchc. Sudan Grass. 

Cultivated, frequently escaping, but not persistent. Scattered throughout. 

Therophyte. 

Spartina gracilis Trin. Alkali Cordgrass. 

Alkalin meadows and plains. Hamilton and Cloud counties (map 


Spartina pectinata Link. Prairie Cordgrass, Sloughgrass. 

Marshes and along streams in both fresh and brackish water. Essentially 

throughout, but less frequent in the northwest (map 418). 


Spartina juncea Psh. 355 of Smyth's List is a misidentification. 

Sphenopholis intermedia Rydb. Slender Wedgegrass. 

Including Sphenopholis pallens in Rydberg and 343 of Smyth's list, both 

erroneously determined. 

Damp or rocky woods, ravines and meadows. East fourth (map 419). 


Sphenopholis obtusata (Michx.) Scribn. Wedgegrass. 

Prairies, plains and valleys. Throughout (map 420). 


Sporobolus airoides Torr. Alkali Sacaton. 

Dry plains and river valleys. Southwest and Shawnee county (map 


Sporobolus asper (Michx.) Kunth. Dropseed. 

Including Sporobolus longifolius, 317 of Smyth's list. 

Dry or sandy soil of prairies and plains. Throughout (map 422). 


Sporobolus asper hookeri (Trin.) Vasey. 

Sporobolus attenuatus Nash, and Sporobolus drummondii Vasey. 

Plains. Saline county (map 423). Hemicryptophyte. 

Sporobolus asper pilosus (Vasey) Hitchc. 

Sporobolus pilosus Vasey. (R). 

Prairies, plains and rocky hills. Scattered in central part from Stanton 

to Shawnee county (map 424). Hemicryptophyte. 

Sporobolus clandestinus (Spreng.) Hitchc. 

Including Sporobolus canovirens Nash (R). 

Sandy fields, hills and prairies. Northeast fourth (map 425). 


Sporobolus cryptandrus (Torr.) Gray. Sand Dropseed. 

Sandy open soil. Presumably throughout (map 426). 


Sporobolus flexuosus (Thurb.) Rydb. 

Sandy soil of high plains. Seward county (map 427). 


Sporobolus gracilis Merr. 

Sporobolus ejuncidus Nash. (R). 

"Kans.," fide Rydberg, but ?.

148 


Sporobolus heterolepis A. Gray. Prairie Dropseed. 

Prairies. East third, commoner northward (map 428). 


Sporobolus neglectus Nash. 

Dry soil, sandy fields and parkings. East four-fifths (map 429). 

Therophyte. 

Sporobolus pyramidatus (Lam.) Hitchc. Pointed Dropseedgrass. 

Sporobolus argutus (Nees) Kunth. 

Sandy or gravelly soils, alkalin areas. South central (map 430). 


Sporobolus texanus Vasey. Dropseed. 

Plains, mesas and salt marshes. Central (map 431). Hemicryptophyte. 

Sporobolus vaginiflorus (Torr.) Wood. 

Sterile fields and open waste places. East half (map 432). 

Therophyte. 

Stipa comata Trin. and Rupr. Needle and Thread. 

Prairies, plains and dry hills. West fifth (map 433). 


Stipa spartea Trin. Porcupine Grass. 

Prairies. East half (map 434). Hemicryptophyte. (Probably 282 

of Smyth's list as Stipa avenacea belongs here.) 

Stipa robusta Scribn. Sleepy Grass. 

Stipa vaseyi Scribn. (R). 281 in Smyth's list, but no authenticating specimens. 

Stipa viridula Trin. Green Needlegrass. 

Plains and prairies. Rooks and Norton counties (map 435). 


Triodia albescens Vasey. White Prairiegrass. 

Rhombolytrum albescens (R). 

Plains, prairies, gravelly soil. Scattered (Kiowa, Lyon counties) (map 


Triodia elongata (Buckl.) Scribn. 

Tridens elongatus (R). 

Sandy prairies and rocky slopes. Chautauqua county (map 437). 


Triodia flava (L.) Smyth. False Redtop. 

Tridens flavus (R). 

Fields, prairies and open woods. East two-thirds (map 438). 


Triodia pilosa (Buckl.) Merr. Hairy Triodia. 

Erioneuron pilosum (R). 

Dry gravelly or sandy soil, plains and rocky hills. West third (map 


Triodia stricta (Nutt.) Benth. 

Tridens strictus (R). 

Moist soil and low woods. Southeast twelfth (map 440). 


Triplasis purpurea (Walt.) Chapm. Sandgrass. 

Sandy places. Southwest, central and northeast (map 441). 

Therophyte. 

Tripsacum dactyloides L. Gamagrass, Sesame Grass. 

Prairies, especially along streams. East half, Hodgeman and Logan 


Trisetum flavescens (L.) Beauv. 

Waste places. Riley county (map 443). Hemicryptophyte. 

Trisetum interruptum Buckl. No. 347 of Smyth's list, but no authenticating specimens have 

been located. 

Trisetum subspicatum (L.). No. 346 of Smyth's list, but certainly a misidentification. 

Triticum aestivum L. Wheat. 

Cultivated, infrequently escaping and then not persistent. Probably 

throughout. Therophyte (winter annual). 

Uniola latifolia Michx. Broadleaf Uniola, Spikegrass. 

Rich woods, shaded slopes and low thickets. East half (map 444). 


Zea mays L. Corn, Maize. 

Extensively cultivated, freely escaping but not persisting. Throughout. 

Therophyte. 

Zizania aquatica interior Fassett. Wild Rice, Indian Rice. 

In water of marshes and ponds. Occasionally cultivated. Shawnee 

county. Therophyte. 

FAMILY HYDROCHARITACEAE 

Anacharis occidentalis (Pursh) Victorin. Waterweed, Elodea. 

Elodea canadensis Michx. in part. 

Ponds and slow streams. Leavenworth. Linn and Douglas counties 

(map 445). Hydrophyte. 

FAMILY AMARYLLIDACEAE 

Cooperia drummondii Herb. Prairie Lily. 

Prairie. Chautauqua and Montgomery counties (map 446). Bulb 

geophyte. 

Cooperia kansensis W. C. Stevens (Trans. Kansas Acad. Sci. 40 :95-99. 1937). 

High rocky prairies. Southeastern Kansas, Sumner to Montgomery 

counties (map 446a). Type from Wilson county in University of Kansas 

Herbarium. Bulb geophyte. 

Hypoxis hirsuta (L.) Coville. Yellow Stargrass. 

Prairies. Scattered in east third (map 447). Rhizome geophyte. 

Species of Leucojum, Galanthus and Narcissus only in cultivation. 

FAMILY IRIDACEAE (Iris Family) 

Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC. Blackberry Lily. 

Cultivated, escaped and established in prairies and along roadsides 


Iris foliosa Mack, and Bush. Iris, Blue Flag. 

Swamps. Leavenworth and Wyandotte counties (map 449). Rhizome 

geophyte. 

138


Iris germanica L. German Iris, Fleur-de-lis. 

Frequently cultivated, but rarely escaping. Saline county, escaped. 


Iris virginica L. Iris, Blue Flag. 

Swamps. Wyandotte county (map 450). Rhizome geophyte. 

Nemastylis acuta (Bart.) Herb. 

Prairies. South fourth of east half (map 451). Bulb geophyte. 

Sisyrinchium angustifolium Mill. Blue-eyed Grass. 

Plains, west. (Cheyenne and Ford ? counties) (map 452). Hemicryptophyte. 

Sisyrinchium campestre Bickn. Blue-eyed Grass. 

Prairies. East half and south third of west half (map 453). Hemicryptophyte. 

A var. kansanum Bicknell from its name should be in 

Kansas, but no specimens are present at Manhattan. 

Sisyrinchium graminoides Bickn. Blue-eyed Grass. 

Prairies. East sixth (map 454). Hemicryptophyte. 

Various species of Crocus, Gladiolus, and Iris in cultivation only. 

FAMILY DIOSCOREACEAE 

Dioscorea batatas Decne. Cinnamon vine. 

Cultivated, escaped in Kansas river floodplain near Manhattan for 

several years, but killed in the 1935 flood. Tuber geophyte. 

Dioscorea villosa L. Wild Yam. 

Dioscorea paniculata Michx. 

Thickets. East sixth (map 455). Geophyte? 

FAMILY ORCHIDACEAE (Orchid Family) 

Corallorrhiza wisteriana Conrad. Coralroot. 

Leafless saprophyte with corralloid roots in woods. Extreme southeast 

(Cherokee county) (map 456). 

Cypripedium parviflorum Salisb. Yellow Lady's Slipper. 

Woods. Northeast border counties north from Johnson county (map 


Cypripedium parviflorum pubescens (Willd.) Knight. Large Yellow Lady's 

Slipper 

Woods. Northeastern (probably Doniphan county). 


Cypripedium reginae Walt. Showy Lady's Slipper. 

Cypripedium hirsutum (R). 

Swamps and woods. "Kans.," fide Rydberg. Hemicryptophyte. 

Habenaria leucophaea (Nutt.) Gray. White-flowered Prairie Orchis. 

Blephariglottis leucophaea (R). 

Wet meadows. Northeast sixth (map 458). 

Liparis loeselii (L.) Richard. Twayblade. 

Woods and thickets. Pottawatomie county (map 459). Corm 

geophyte. 

1 

Orchis spectabilis L. Showy Orchid. 

Galeorchis spectabilis (R). 

Woods. Wyandotte and Doniphan counties (map 460). 


Pogonia ophioglossoides (L.) Ker. 

Swamps and meadows. "Kans.," fide Rydberg. Hemicryptophyte. 

Spiranthes cemua (L.) Richard. Nodding Ladies' Tresses. 

Meadows and swamps. East two-thirds (map 461). Hemicryptophyte. 

Spiranthes cernua ochroleuca (Rydb.) Ames. Ladies' Tresses. 

Spiranthes ochroleuca (R). 

Hillsides. Cloud county (map 461). Hemicryptophyte. 

Spiranthes gracilis (Bigel.) Beck. Ladies' Tresses. 

Open woods. Cloud county (map 462). Hemicryptophyte. 

Spiranthes vernalis Engelm. and Gray. Ladies' Tresses. 

Sandy woods. East two-fifths (map 463). Hemicryptophyte. 

Triphora trianthophora (Sw.) Rydb. 

Pogonia trianthophora. 

Rich woods. "Kans.," fide Rydberg. Hemicryptophyte. 

CLASS DICOTYLEDONEAE 

Subclass DICOTYLEDONEAE—AXIFLORAE 

FAMILY- MAGNOLIACEAE (Magnolia Family) 

Liriodendron tulipifera L. Tuliptree. 

Only in cultivation. Mesophanerophyte. 

FAMILY CALYCANTHACEAE 

Calycanthus fertilis Walt. Strawberrybush. 

In cultivation. Riley county. 

FAMILY ANONACEAE 

Asimina triloba (L.) Dunal. Papaw. 

Rich woods, especially in ravines. East third (map 464). 

FAMILY SAURURACEAE 

Saururus cernuus L. Lizard-tail. 

Mostly in swamps. Extreme southeast (Cherokee county) (map 465). 

Hemicryptophyte-helophyte. 

FAMILY RANUNCULACEAE (Buttercup or Crowfoot Family) 

Anemone canadensis L. White Anemone. 

Low ground. Kansas river valley west to Riley county (map 466). 


Anemone caroliniana Walt. Prairie Anemone. 

Prairies. Scattered throughout, except possibly extreme west (map 

467). Root tuber geophyte. 

Anemone cylindrica A. Gray. Anemone. 

Prairies, hillsides and river banks. Northeast ninth (map 468). 

Hemicryptophyte.


Anemone decapetala Ard. Anemone. 

Prairies. Scattered in central and east (map 469). Root tuber 

geophyte. 

Anemone virginiana L. Anemone. 

Woods and river banks. East third (map 470). Hemicryptophyte. 

Aquilegia latiuscula Greene. Columbine. 

Open woods. East third (map 471). Hemicryptophyte. 

Clematis fremontii S. Watts. 

Viorna fremontii (R). 

Prairies. North central (map 472). Hemicryptophyte. 

Clematis ligusticifolia Nutt. Western Virgin's Bower. 

Canyons. North central (map 473). Liana. 

Clematis pitcheri T. and G. Clematis, Leather Flower. 

Viorna pitcheri (T. and G.) (R). 

Thickets. East half (map 474). Vine. 

Clematis virginiana L. Virgin's Bower. 

Among bushes. Northeast quarter (map 475). Liana. A form missouriensis 

(Rydb.) Fernald in woods of northeast sixth (west to Cloud 

county) (map 475a). 

Delphinium ajacis L. Garden Larkspur. 

Escaped from cultivation. Scattered (map 476). Therophyte. 

? Delphinium exaltatum Ait. Larkspur. 

Woods. Cowley county (Rydb.) but?. Hemicryptophyte. 

Delphinium tricorne Michx. Dwarf Larkspur. 

Woods and prairie borders. East third (map 477). Hemicryptophyte. 

Delphinium virescens Nutt. Prairie Larkspur. 

Prairies and plains. Throughout (map 478). Hemicryptophyte. 

Variety penardi (Huth) Perry is scattered irregularly from northwestern 

to southeastern corners (map 479) and 3 southeastern specimens have no 

glandular pubescence. (Rhod. 39:20. 1937.) 

Hydrastis canadensis L. Golden Seal. 

Said to have been in eastern Kansas. 

Isopyrum biternatum (Raf.) T. and G. False Rue Anemone. 

Moist woods and thickets. East third (map 480). Hemicryptophyte. 

Myosurus minimus L. Mousetail. 

Mud, shallow water and low cultivated ground. East five-sixths, 

mostly northern part (map 481). Therophyte. 

Nigella damascena L. Love-in-a-mist. 

Waste places, escaped from cultivation. Shawnee county. Therophyte. 

Pulsatilla ludoviciana (Nutt.) Heller. Pasque Flower. 

Prairies. Not collected since 1868. 

Ranunculus abortivus L. Small-flowered Buttercup or Crowfoot. 

Wet places and open woods. East half to Osborne county (map 482). 

Ranunculus abortivus f. giganteus F. C. Gates. (Trans. Kansas Acad. Sci. 33 : 

28. 1930.) 

Woods. Woodson county (map 482a). Therophyte. 

Ranunculus acris L. Buttercup, Crowfoot. 

Meadows and fields. Northeast (Riley, Pottawatomie and Lyon 


Ranunculus cymbalaria f. hebecaulis Fernald. 

Halerpestes cymbalaria (Pursh) (R). 

Wet sandy or alkaline soils. West two-thirds (map 484). Usually 

helophyte. 

Ranunculus fascicularis apricus (Greene) Fernald. Prairie Buttercup. 

Hillsides. East fifth (map 485). ± Hemicryptophyte. 

Ranunculus fiabellaris Raf. Yellow Water Crowfoot. 

Ranunculus delphinifolius (R). 

Shallow water and mud. Northeast fourth + Rooks county (map 

486). Hydrophyte. 

Ranunculus hispidus falsus Fern. (Rhod. 22:30. 1920.) 

Moist places. Extreme east (map 487). Hemicryptophyte. 

Ranunculus longirostris Godron. White Water Crowfoot. 

Batrachium divaricatum (R). 

Ponds and streams. West two-thirds of north half (map 488). Hydrophyte. 

Ranunculus macounii Britton. Buttercup. 

Wet meadows. McPherson and Finney counties (map 489). Hemicryptophyte. 

Ranunculus pusillus Poir. 

Wet places. "Kans.," fide Rydberg. Therophyte. 

Ranunculus recurvatus Poir. Hooked Crowfoot. 

Woods. Extreme east (Wyandottte, Leavenworth and Miami counties) 


Ranunculus sceleratus L. Cursed Crowfoot. 

Shallow wateir and mud. Scattered but more frequent in northeast 


Ranunculus septentrionalis Poir. Swamp Buttercup, Crowfoot. 

Specimens formerly identified as this prove to be R. hispidus falsus, which takes 

away proof of the presence of R. septentrionalis, although it should be present. 

Syndesmon thalictroides (L.) Hoffmgg. Rue Anemone. 

Anemonella thalictroides (L.) Spach. (G). 

Woods. East fifth (map 492). 

Thalictrum dasycarpum Fisch. and Ave-Lall. Meadow Rue. 

Thickets and meadows. East four-fifths, especially east half (map 


Thalictrum dasycarpum f. hypoglaucum (Rydb.) Steyermark. Meadow Rue. 

Woods and thickets along rivers. East half and Rawlins county (map 


Species of Aquilegia, Clematis, Delphinium, Paeonia are frequently 

cultivated. 

FAMILY LARDIZABALACEAE 

Akebia quinata Decne. Akebia. 

Only in cultivation. Liana.


FAMILY BERBEHIDACEAE 

Berberis thunbergii DC. Japanese Barberry. 

Shrub in cultivation, seldom escaping. Nanophanerophyte. 

Berberis vulgaris L. European Barberry. 

Shrub in cultivation, seldom escaping. Microphanerophyte. 

Mahonia aquifolium (Pursh) Nutt. Oregon Grape. 

Shrub in cultivation. 

Podophyllum peltaturn L. Mayapple. 

Wooded areas. East fourth (map 495). Rhizome geophyte. 

FAMILY MENISPERMACEAE (Moonseed Family) 

Calycocarpum lyoni (Pursh) Nutt. Cupseed. 

Woods along streams! Extreme east (Johnson county) (map 496). 

Cocculus carolinus (L.) DC. Coral Bead. 

In rocky woods and thickets. Southeast sixth (map 497). 

Menispermum canadense L. Moonseed. 

Woods and thickets. East four-fifths (map 498). Hemicryptophyte 

vine. 

FAMILY LATJRACEAE (Laurel Family) 

Benzoin aestivale (L.) Nees. Spicebush, Benzoin. 

Woods along streams. Southeast three counties (map 499). Nanomicrophanerophyte. 

Sassafras albidum (Nutt.) Nees. Sassafras. 

Sassafras variifolium (Salisb.). 

Sassafras officinale Nees & Eberm. 

Woods and thickets. Extreme southeast (Cherokee county) (map 

500). Cultivated elsewhere. Microphanerophyte. 

FAMILY NELUMBONACEAE (Lotus Family) 

Nelumbo pentapetala (Walt.) Fernald. Yellow Lotus. 

Nelumbo lutea (Willd.) (R). 

Ponds and slow streams. East third (map 501). Helophyte. 

FAMILY NYMPHAEACEAE (Waterlily Family) 

Nuphar advena Ait. Spatter Dock, Yellow Waterlily. 

Ponds, slow streams. Southeast sixth (map 502). Helophyte. 

Nymphaea ordorata Ait. White Waterlily. 

Lakes, ponds and slow streams. Scattered (map 503). Helophyte. 

FAMILY CERATOPHYLLACEAE (Hornwort Family) 

Ceratophyllum demersum L. Hornwort. 

Ponds and still water. Scattered (map 504). Hydrophyte. 

FAMILY MALVACEAE (Mallow Family) 

Abutilon theophrasti Medic. Butterprint, Velvetweed. 

Waste places and fields. Mainly east half (map 505). Therophyte. 

Althaea rosea (L.) Cav. Hollyhock. 

In common cultivation. Escaped in north central (Osborne and Rooks 

counties). Hemicryptophyte. 


Callirhoe alceoides (Michx.) A. Gray. Poppymallow. 

Dry soil in prairies. East half to Edwards county (map 506). Hemicryptophyte. 

Callirhoe digitata Nutt. Poppymallow. 

Dry soil. Southeast fourth (Harvey and Cherokee counties) (map 


Callirhoe involucrata (T. & G.) A. Gray. Poppymallow. 

Plains and prairie. West three-fourths and more east in the north 


Callirhoe papaver (Cav.) A. Gray. 

Sandy soil. "Kan.," fide Rydberg. Hemicryptophyte. 

Gossypium herbaceum L. Cotton. 

Sometimes cultivated in east third, occasionally escaping in southeast. 

Therophyte. 

Hibiscus esculentus L. Okra. 

Cultivated for food. Therophyte. 

Hibiscus militaris. Cav. Marshmallow. 

Along river banks. East third (map 509). Hemicryptophyte. 

Hibiscus syriacus L. Rose of Sharon. 

Cultivated as an ornamental. Nanophanerophyte. 

Hibiscus trionum L. Flower-of-an-hour. 

Waste places and fields. Naturalized from Europe. At least east 

three-fourths (map 510). Therophyte. 

Malva neglecta Wallr. Common Mallow, Cheeses. 

Malva rotundifolia (R). 

Fields, lawns, and waste places. East half, especially northern part 


Malva parviflora L. — 

Waste places. Central (Mitchell county) (map 512). Therophyte. 

Malva rotundifolia L. 

Malva pusilla Smith (R). 

Waste places. Scattered (map 513). Therophyte. 

Malva sylvestris L. 

Waste places. Northwest (Cheyenne and Sheridan counties) (map 

513a). 

Malva verticillata v. crispa L. 

In cultivation escaping? (Dickinson and Osborne counties). Therophyte. 

Sida hederacea (Dougl.) Torr. 

Disella hederacea (R). 

Alkali flats. Meade county (map 513b). Hemicryptophyte. 

Sida spinosa L. Sida. 

Waste places and fields. East half and Sheridan county (map 514). 

10—1646

148 


Sphaeralcea angusta (A. Gray) Fern. (Rhodora 41:435. 1939.) Yellow False 

Mallow. 

Malvastrum angustum Gray. 

Sidopsis hispida (R). 

Prairies and plains. Scattered east and west to Seward county (map 


Sphaeralcea coccinea (Nutt.) Rydb. Scarlet Mallow. 

Malvastrum cocdneum (Nutt.) A. Gray. 

Plains and prairies. West two-thirds (map 516). Hemicryptophyte. 

Sphaeralcea cuspidata Torr. 

High plains. Southwest (Hamilton and Kearny counties) (map 517). 


FAMILY TILIACEAE (Basswood Family) 

Tilia americana L. Basswood. 

Tilia glabra Vent. 

In woods along streams. Except the southwest quarter of the east 

half (map 518). Mesophanerophyte. 

Tilia palmeri Bush ex F. C. Gates. Basswood. (Trans. Kan. Acad. Sci. 42: 

135-136. 1939 (1940). 

Woods. Central part of east fourth. Micro-mesophanerophyte. 

Tilia platyphyllos Scop, and varieties. Linden. 

Only in cultivation. Mesophanerophyte. 

FAMILY ULMACEAE (Elm Family) 

Celtis laevigata Willd. Southern or Mississippi Hackberry. 

River banks. Southeastern Kansas and Barber county, cultivated to 

Riley county (Map 519). Mesophanerophyte. 

Celtis laevigata texana (Scheele) Sarg. 

Rocky ledges. Cowley county fide Palmer (map 520). Mesophanerophyte. 

Celtis occidentalis L. Hackberry. 

Low and upland woods, mostly along streams. East five-sixths (map 

521). Mesophanerophyte. 

Celtis occidentalis canina (Raf.) Sarg. 

Low and upland woods, mostly along streams (map 522). Mesophanerophyte. 

Celtis occidentalis crassifolia (Lam.) Gray. 

Celtis crassifolia (Gray) (R). 

Woods and hillsides. Except the southwest sixth (map 522a). Mesophanerophyte. 

Celtis pumila georgiana (Small) Sarg. (Bot. Gaz. 67:227. 1919). Dwarf Hackberry. 

Scattered in east three-fourths (map 523). Microphanerophyte. 

Celtis reticulata Torr. Hackberry. 

Dry rocky places. In the third fourth (Ellis to Barber counties) 

(map 524). Nano-microphanerophyte. 

Celtis rugulosa Rydb. Hackberry. 

In valleys in hills in high plains. West half (map 525). Microphanerophyte. 

Ulmus alata Michx. Winged or Wahoo Elm. 

Along streams. Also planted. "Kans.," fide Rydberg, but specimen 

is Ulmus thomasi. No native specimens known, but cultivated in a few 

places. Mesophanerophyte. 

Ulmus americana L. American Elm. 

Woods principally along streams. Except southwest sixth (map 526). 

Mesophanerophyte. 

Ulmus fulva Michx. Slippery Elm, Red Elm. 

Rich woods and along streams. North third and east half (map 527). 


Ulmus japonica Sargent. Japanese Elm. 

In cultivation, escaped in Logan and Riley counties. Mesophanerophyte. 

Ulmus parvifolia Jacq. Chinese Elm. 

In cultivation. Mesophanerophyte. 

Ulmus procera Salisb. English Elm. 

Ulmus campestris. 

In cultivation and escaped in Saline county. Mesophanerophyte. 

Ulmus pumila L. Chinese Elm. 

In cultivation and escaping. Throughout. Micro-mesophanerophyte. 

Ulmus pumila arborea Litvin. Chinese Elm. 

In cultivation in Shawnee county. Mesophanerophyte. 

Ulmus thomasi Sarg. Cork or Rock Elm. 

Ulmus racemosa Thomas. 

Rich soil. Scattered in east half (map 528). Mesophanerophyte. 

FAMILY MORACEAE (Mulberry Family) 

Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) Yent. Paper Mulberry. 


Cannabis sativa L. Indian Hemp, Marihuana, Cannabis. 

Waste places, especially along streams. East three-fourths (map 529). 

Therophyte. 

Humulus japonicus Sieb. and Zucc. Japanese Hops. 

Escaped from cultivation. "Kans.," fide Rydberg. Therophytic vine. 

Humulus lupulus L. Hops. 

Waste ground as an escape. East half and Kearny county (map 530). 

Hemicry ptophy te-vine. 

Maclura pomifera (Raf.) C. K. Schneid. Osage Orange. Bois d'arc. 

Planted in hedges and escaping. Credited as native in southeast 

Kansas. East three-fifths (map 531). Mostly microphanerophyte. 

Morus alba L. and varieties. White Mulberry. 

Escaped from cultivation. Presumably scattered throughout (map 

532). Microphanerophyte. 

146


Morus nigra L. Black Mulberry. 

Escaped from cultivation. At least central (map 532a). Microphanerophyte. 

Morus rubra L. Red Mulberry. 

Woods and fields. East three-fifths (map 533). Mesophanerophyte. 

FAMILY URTICACEAE (Nettle Family) 

Boehmeria cylindrica (L.) Sw. False Nettle. 

Woods and low ground. Scattered in east two-thirds (map 534). 

Boehmeria cylindrica drummondiana Wedd. 

Boehmeria drummondiana (R). 

Swamps. Pottawatomie and Crawford counties (map 534a). 

Laportea canadensis (L.) Gaud. Wood Nettle. 

Rich woods. East third (map 535). 

Parietaria pennsylvanica Muhl. Pellitory. 

Shaded banks, rock or gardens. North half and east fourth (map 

536). Slender therophyte. 

Pilea pumila (L.) A. Gray. Richweed, Clearweed. 

Damp shaded places. East half and Kiowa county (map 537). Therophyte. 

Urtica procera Muhl. Nettle. 

Including Urtica viridis Rydb. 

Alluvial soil and waste places. North third and east half (map 538). 

FAMILY GERANIACEAE (Geranium Family) 

Erodium cicutarium (L.) L'Her. Alfilaria. 

Waste places. Scattered in central (map 539). Therophyte. 

Geranium carolinianum L. 

Fields and waste places. East three-fifths plus Sheridan county (map 


Geranium maculatum L. Wild Geranium. 

Woods. Extreme east (map 541). Hemicryptophyte. 

Geranium rotundifolium L. 

Waste places. Cloud county (map 542). Therophyte. 

FAMILY OXALIDACEAE (Oxalis Family) 

Oxalis europaea Jord. Oxalis, Wood Sorrel. 

Oxalis corniculata of Am. auth., not L. 

Xanthoxalis corniculata (R). 

Open woods, thickets, fields, gardens and waste places. East fivesixths. 

Common (map 543). Hemicryptophyte. 

Oxalis europaea bushii (Small) Wiegand. Oxalis, Wood Sorrel. 

Oxalis bushii Small. 

Xanthoxalis bushii (R). 

Open woods and thickets, rocky ravines and waste ground. East 

half (map 544). Hemicryptophyte. 

Oxalis stricta L. Yellow Wood Sorrel. 

Xanthoxalis stricta (R). 

Fields, roadsides, ravines, prairies and woods. East two-thirds (map 

545). 


Oxalis violacea L. Wood Sorrel. 

Ionoxalis violacea (R). 

Prairies and woods. East two-thirds (map 546). 

FAMILY BALSAMINACEAE 

Impatiens balsamina L. 

In cultivation, seldom escaping, not hardy. Riley and Doniphan 

counties. Therophyte. 

Impatiens biflora Walt. Jewelweed, Touch-me-not. 

Wet woods and thickets and springy banks. North half (to Norton 

county) (map 547). Therophyte. 

Impatiens nortonii Rydb. Jewelweed, Touch-me-not. 

Wet woods and river banks. East third (map 548). Therophyte. 

Impatiens pallida Nutt. Jewelweed, Pale Touch-me-not. 

Wet woods and thickets and springy banks. East third (map 549). 

Therophyte. 

FAMILY - LINACESAE (Flax Family) 

Linum compactum A. Nelson. Yellow Flax. 

Cathartolinum compactum (R). 

Dry plains. West two-thirds (map 550). Hemicryptophyte. 

Linum lewisii Pursh. Blue Flax. 

Plains in hills. Scattered in west half (map 551). 

Linum pratense (Norton) Small. Flax. 

Dry plains. Extreme west and Cloud and Barber counties (map 552). 

Hemicryptophyte. Type, Hitchcock 1078, from Kearny county (Mo. 

Bot. Gard). Cotype (K. S. C.). 

Linum rigidum Pursh. Yellow Flax. 

Cathartolinum rigidum (R). 

Plains and hills. West two-thirds (map 553). Hemicryptophyte. 

Linum rigidum puberulum Engelm. Yellow Flax. 

Cathartolinum puberulum (R). 

Dry plains. West fourth (map 554). Hemicryptophyte. 

Linum sulcatum Riddell. Yellow Flax. 

Cathartolinum sulcatum (R). 

Prairies. East two-thirds (map 555). Therophyte. 

Linum usitatissimum L. Flax. 

Cultivated and escaping. Possibly throughout, but more frequent in 

east, north central, and west (map 556). Therophyte. 

Linum virginicum L. 

Cathartolinum virginianum (R). 

Shady places. Crawford county (KU) (map 557). Hemicryptophyte. 

FAMILY - ZYGOPHYLLACEAE 

Kallstroemia hirsutissima Vail. 

Sandy soil. Southwest fourth to Rooks county, plus Elk county 


Kallstroemia intermedia Rydb. 

Sandy soil. Northeast quarter plus Rooks county (map 559). Therophyte. 

149


Tribulus terrestris L. Caltrop, Puncturvine. 

Waste places and sandy soils. Presumably throughout (less frequent 

in southeast) (map 560). Therophyte. 

Zygophyllum fabago L. 

Fields. Geary county (map 561). 

FAMILY RUTACEAE 

Ptelea trifoliata L. Hoptree. 

Rocky situations. East third (map 562). Nano-microphanerophyte. 

Zanthoxylum americanum Mill. Pricklyash. 

Rocky woods and banks, sometimes in thickets. East half (map 563). 

Nano-microphanerophyte. 

Zanthoxylum americanum f. armatius F. C. Gates. (Trans. Kan. Acad. Sci. 

42:136. 1939 (1940).) 

Rocky woods. Northeast. Riley and Marshall counties (map 563a). 

Nanophanerophyte, with prickles on leaf-rachises and internodes as well 

as the pair at each node. 

Cultivated species include the shrub, Dictamnus albus L., the tree, Phellodendron 

amurense Rupr., and the garden herb, Ruta graveolens L. 

FAMILY SIMARUBACEAE 

Ailanthus altissima Swingle. Tree of Heaven. 

Ailanthus glandulosa (R). 

In cultivation, possibly throughout. Freely escaping (map 564). 


FAMILY POLYGALACEAE (Milkwort Family) 

Polygala alba Nutt. Milkwort. 


Polygala incarnata L. Pink Milkwort. 

Sandy soil. East half (map 566). Therophyte. 

Polygala verticillata L. Milkwort. 

Open woods, ravines and thickets. East five-sixths (map 567). Therophyte. 

Polygala viridescens L. Milkwort. 

Moist sandy soil. South half of east fifth (map 568). Therophyte. 

FAMILY EUPHORBIACEAE (Spurge Family) 

Acalypha gracilens A. Gray. Three-seeded Mercury. 

Dry woods. East third (map 569). Therophyte. A variety monococca 

Engelm. at least in Anderson county. 

Acalypha ostryaefolia Riddell. Three-seeded Mercury. 

Thickets and moist open and cultivated ground. East two-thirds 


Acalypha rhomboidea Raf. (Rhod. 39:16. 1937.) 

Thickets and woods. Northeast fourth (map 571). 

Acalypha virginica L. Three-seeded Mercury. 

Woods, thickets and gardens. East half and Kiowa county (map 


I 

T H E FLORA OF K A N S A S 1 5 1 

Croton capitatus Michx. Croton. 

Dry soil of prairies and hills. East two-thirds, especially southern 

two-thirds (map 573). Therophyte. 

Croton glandulosus septentrionalis Muell. Arg. Croton. 

Croton glandulosus L. (R). 

Waste places. East two-thirds, especially southern part (map 574). 

Therophyte. 

Croton lindheimerianus Scheele. Croton. 

Sand prairies. Extreme south central (Kiowa and Harper counties) 


Croton monanthogynus Michx. Croton. 

Dry ground of prairies, barrens, rocky hillsides and waste ground. 

East two-thirds (map 576). Therophyte. 

Croton texensis (Klotzsch) Muell. Arg. Texas Croton. 

Plains and prairies. Mostly west two-thirds and scattered in east 

third (map 577). Therophyte. 

Crotonopsis elliptica Willd. 

Sandy or rocky soil. Southeast (Cherokee and Chautauqua counties) 


Ditaxis humilis (Engelm. & Gray) Pax. 

Prairies. Southwest sixth (map 579). Hemicryptophyte. 

Ditaxis mercurialina (Nutt.) Coulter. 

Dry soil. Southwest fourth (map 580). Hemicryptophyte. 

Euphorbia albicaulis Rydb. 

Chamaesyce albicaulis (R). 

Sandy ground. Sedgwick county (KU) (map 581). 

Euphorbia commutata Engelm. 

Galarrhoeus commutatus (R). 

Dry ground. Geary county (map 582). Therophyte usually. 

Euphorbia corollata L. Flowering spurge. 

Tithymalopsis corollata (R). 

Prairies and dry soil. East third plus Cheyenne county (map 583). 


Euphorbia cuphosperma Boiss. Spurge. 

Poinsettia cuphosperma (R). 

Plains and prairies. Scattered in central third (map 584). Therophyte. 

Euphorbia cyparissias L. Cypress Spurge. 

Galarrhoeus cyparissias (R). 

Planted especially in cemeteries and occasionally escaping. Scattered, 

but mostly east third (map 585). 

Euphorbia dentata Michx. Spurge. 

Poinsettia dentata (R). 

Dry soil of woods, roadsides and waste ground. Probably throughout 

(map 586). Therophyte.


Euphorbia dictyosperma Fisch. and Mey. 

Euphorbia cerkansanus (R). 

Euphorbia missouriensis (R). 

Rocky ledges, ravines, open ground, etc. Scattered throughout (map 


Euphorbia geyeri Engelm. 

Chamaesyce geyeri (R). 

Plains and prairies. Southwest fourth (map 588). Therophyte. 

Euphorbia glyptosperma Engelm. 

Chamaesyce glyptosperma (R). 

Sandy and loamy soils of plains, valleys and flood plains. West threefourths 

and Wyandotte and Labette counties (map 589). Therophyte. 

Euphorbia greenei Millsp. 

Chamaesyce greenei (R). 

Dry or sandy plains. Southwest fourth (map 590). Hemicryptophyte. 

Euphorbia heterophylla L. Spurge. 

Poinsettia heterophylla (R). 

Open rocky woods, thickets, ravines, and alluvial soils. Except southwest 


Euphorbia hexagona Nutt. 

Zygophyllidium hexagona (R). 

Sandy prairies and river valleys. Except southeast eighth (map 592). 

Therophyte. 

Euphorbia humistrata Engelm. 

Chamaesyce hximistrata (R). 

Sandy and rocky soils. Scattered in east third (map 593). 

Therophyte. 

Euphorbia hyssopifolia L. Upright Spurge. 

Chamaesyce hyssopifolia (R). 

Euphorbia nutans Lag. 

Euphorbia preslii Guss. 

Fields, thickets, waste ground. East three-fourths and Greeley and 

Wallace counties (map 594). Therophyte. 

Euphorbia lata Engelm. 

Chamaesyce lata (R). 

Plains. Southwest ninth plus Trego county (map 595). Hemicryptophyte. 

Euphorbia lucida L. 

Galarrhoeus lucidus (R). 

Cultivated ground, roadsides. Washington county (map 596). Hemicryptophyte. 

Euphorbia maculata L. Spotted Spurge. 

Chamaesyce maculata (R). 

Dry ground, cultivated and waste places. About east two-thirds (map 


Euphorbia marginata Pursch. Snow-on-the-mountain. 

Lepadena marginata (R). 

Prairies, plains and river bottoms. Possibly throughout, but less 

frequent in east fifth (map 598). Therophyte. 


Euphorbia nuttallii (Engelm.) Small. 

Chamaesyce nuttallii (R). 

Dry prairies. Except extreme north and northwest (map 599). 

•Therophyte. 

Euphorbia obtusata Pursh. 

Galarrhoeus obtusata (R). 

Dry soil. Scattered, mostly central (map 600). Therophyte. 

Euphorbia petaloidea Engelm. 

Chamaesyce petaloidea (R). 

Sandy plains and prairies. Scattered in west two-thirds (map 601). 

Therophyte. 

Euphorbia serpens H. B. K. 

Chamaesyce serpens (R). 

Usually in heavy soil on prairies and plains. Throughout (map 602). 

Therophyte. 

Euphorbia serpyllifolia Pers. 

Chamaesyce serpyllifolia (R). 

Plains. West two-thirds (map 603). Therophyte. 

Euphorbia stictospora Engelm. 

Chamaesyce stictospora (R). 

Dry soil. Throughout, commoner west (map 604). Therophyte. 

Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walt. 

Moist thickets. Southeast (Labette and Crawford counties) (map 


Ricinus communis L. Castor Oil Plant. 

Cultivated, occasionally escaping, but not persisting. Therophyte. 

Stillingia salicifolia (Torr.) Raf. Queen's Delight. 

Sandy soil. South third of east half (map 606). Specimens were 

formerly called S. sylvatica L. 

Tragia nepetaefolia Cav. 

Sandy soil. Scattered in east third (map 607). Hemicryptophyte. 

Tragia ramosa Torr. 

Dry soil, more xeromorfic westward. East three-fourths (map 608). 


FAMILY CALLITRICHACEAE 

Callitriche heterophylla Pursh. Water Starwort. 

Still water or mud. Scattered in east two-thirds (map 609). Hydrophyte 

or helophyte. 

FAMILY CISTACEAE 

Helianthemum bicknellii Fern. Frostweed, Rock Rose. 

Crocanthemum bicknellii (R). 

Rocky prairies and dry open woods. East third (map 610). Hemicryptophyte. 

? Lechea leggettii. 

Woodson county (KU) ?. 

A specimen in KU from Woodson county, not certainly identifiable, seems to 

be this.


Lechea tenuifolia Michx. Pinweed. 

Rocky open woods and ravines. Scattered in east half (map 611). 

Chamaephyte or hemicryptophyte (?). 

Lechea villosa Ell. Pinweed. 

Open rocky woods, ravines. Cherokee county (map 612). Chamaephyte 

(?), hemicryptophyte (?), the variety macrotheca Hodgdon in 

Rice county (map 612). 

FAMILY HYPERICACEAE (St. John's-wort Family) 

Ascyrum hypericoides multicaule (Michx.) Fernald. St. Andrew's Cross. 

(Rhod. 38:433. 1936.) 

Rocky open woods. Extreme southeast (Cherokee county) (map 

613). Chamaephyte? Hemicryptophyte? 

Hypericum ascyron L. Great St. John's-wort. 

Banks. Extreme northeast (Doniphan county) (map 613). 

Nanophanerophy te. 

Hypericum sphaerocarpum Michx. St. John's-wort. 

Rocky prairies, ravines and woods. East fourth, mostly south of 

Kansas river (map 614). Hemicryptophyte. 

Hypericum drummondii T. & G. Pineweed, Orange Grass. 

Sarothra drummondii (R). 

Dry soil, fields, barrens and open woods. Southeast twelfth (map 


Hypericum gymnanthum Engelm & Gray. St. John's-wort. 

Low ground. Clay county (map 616). Therophyte. 

Hypericum mutilum L. St. John's-wort. 

Prairie swales and borders of ditches and ponds. Southeast and Kansas 

river valley to Cloud and Saline counties (map 617). 

Hypericum perforatum L. St. John's-wort. 

Waste places. Scattered in east third (map 618). Hemicryptophyte. 

Hypericum punctatum Lam. St. John's-wort. 

Moist thickets, woods and prairies. East third (map 619). Hemicryptophyte. 

Hypericum punctatum pseudomaculatum (Bush.) Fernald. St. John's-wort. 

Woods and dry soil. "Kans.," fide Rydberg. Hemicryptophyte. 

FAMILY VIOLACEAE (Violet Family) 

Calceolaria verticillata (Ortega) Kuntze. Green Violet. 

Dry prairies and plains. Scattered in west three-fourths (map 620). 


Cubelium concolor (T. F. Forst.) Raf. Green Violet. 

Hybanthus concolor (R). 

Rich woods. Leavenworth and Wyandotte counties (map 621). 


Viola arvensis Murray. Pansy Violet. 

Waste places. Saline county (map 622). Therophyte. 

Viola eriocarpa Schw. Smooth Yellow Violet. 

Rich or rocky woods. East two-fifths (map 623). Hemicryptophyte. 

A variety, leiocarpa Fernald & Wiegand, with ovaries and capsuls 

glabrous is found in Linn county. (Rhodora 23:275. 1921.) 

Viola missouriensis Greene. Missouri Violet. 

Low woods, thickets and river flood plains. Scattered in east twofifths 


X Viola missouriensis x sororia. 

Low open ground. "Kans.," fide Rydberg. 

Viola nephrophylla Greene. 

Wet springy places. Crawford and Saline counties (map 625). 

Viola nuttallii Pursh. Nuttall Violet. 

Foothills and plains. Northwest fourth (map 626). Hemicryptophyte. 

Viola papilionacea Pursh. Blue Violet. 

Including Viola pratincola Greene (R). 

Woods, thickets, prairies and river flood plains. Except the southwest 


X Viola papilionacea x sororia. (= X Viola napaea House) 

Moist woods, thickets, and open ground along roads and banks. 

Crawford county. Hemicryptophyte. 

Viola pedata L. Birds-foot Violet. 

Rocky open woods and prairies. Southeast twelfth (map 628). Hemicryptophyte. 

Var. lineariloba DC. in McPherson county (map 628). 

Viola pedatifida G. Don. Prairie Violet. 

Prairies. East two-fifths (map 629). Hemicryptophyte. The leaf 

form V. bernardi Greene is present in at least four counties between Linn 

and Riley. 

Viola rafinesquii Greene. Wild Pansy, Johnny-jump-up. 

Viola kitaibeliana rafinesquii (Greene) Fernald. (Rhod. 40:443-446.1938.) 

Fields, gardens and waste places. East three-fifths and Sheridan 


Viola retusa Greene. 

Borders of streams. Riley and Saline counties (map 631). Hemicryptophyte. 

Viola sagittata Aiton. 

Moist banks. Extreme southeast (map 631). Hemicryptophyte. 

Viola sororia Willd. Hairy Blue Violet. 

Moist meadows, prairies. Northeast fourth plus Crawford county 


Viola tricolor L. Pansy. 

Cultivated frequently, occasionally somewhat naturalized in grass in 

Reno county. 

FAMILY PASSIFLORACEAE (Passionflower Family) 

Passiflora incarnata L. Maypops, Passionflower. 

Thickets. Cultivated in Crawford county. Vine-hemicryptophyte. 

Passiflora lutea L. Passionflower. 

Thickets and open rocky woods. Southeast two counties (map 633). 

Vine-hemicryptophyte.

158 


FAMILY PAPAVERACEAE (Poppy Family) 

Argemone hispida A. Gray. Prickly Poppy. 

High plains. West two-fifths (map 634). Therophyte. 

Argemone intermedia Sweet. White Prickly Poppy. 

Plains and prairies and in waste places. West four-fifths and Wyandotte 


Argemone mexioana L. Prickly Poppy. 

Possible escape from cultivation. Douglas county. Therophyte. 

Argemone squarrosa Greene. Prickly Poppy. 

High plains. South half of west two-fifths (map 636). Therophyte. 

Papaver rhoeas L. Corn Poppy. 

Waste places, moist woods, escaped. Wabaunsee county (map 637). 

Therophyte. 

Sanguinaria canadensis L. Bloodroot. 

Woods. Extreme east (map 638). Rhizome geophyte. 

FAMILY FUMARIACEAE (Fumitory Family) 

Adlumia fungosa (Ait.) Greene. Climbing Fumitory. 

Woods. "Kans.," fide B&B, Rydberg. Vine. 

? Corydalis aurea Willd. 

River banks, thickets and woods. Wilson county. Therophyte. 

Corydalis aurea occidentalis Engelm. Corydalis. 

Corydalis montana (R). 

Open or rocky woods, prairies and waste places. East three-fifths 

(map 639). Therophyte (Biennial). 

Corydalis campestris (Britton) Buchholz and Palmer. Corydalis. 

Fields and woods. Scattered in east three-fifths (map 640). Therophyte. 

Corydalis crystallina Engelm. Corydalis. 

Fields and open ground. Southeast twelfth (map 641). Therophyte. 

Corydalis flavula (Raf.) DC. Corydalis. 

Rocky woods. East fifth (map 642). Therophyte. 

Corydalis micrantha (Engelm.) Gray. Corydalis. 

Rich woods, ravines and shaded banks. Scattered in east three-fifths 


Dicentra cucullaria (L.) Bernh. Dutchman's Breeches. 

Rich woods or banks. East third (map 644). Bulb geophyte. 

FAMILY RESEDACEAE (Mignonette Family) 

Reseda lutea L. 

Escaped from cultivation not persisting. Shawnee county. 

FAMILY CAPPARIDACEAE 

Cleome serrulata Pursh. Bee Flower. 

Peritoma serrulata (R). 

Sandy areas, plains, prairies, waste places, etc. West three-fifths and 

northeast sixth (map 645). Therophyte. 

Cleome spinosa L. Spider flower. 

In cultivation. Escaped in Wilson county. Therophyte. 

Cleomella angustifolia Torr. 

River valleys and plains. South central and southwest (map 646). 

Therophyte. 

Cristatella jamesii T. & G. Cristatella. 

Sandy soil. West three-fifths (map 647). Therophyte. 

Polanisia trachysperma T. & G. Clammyweed. 

Sandy and rocky soils. Essentially throughout (except part of southeast) 


FAMILY BRASSICACEAE (Mustard Family) 

Alliaria officinalis Andrz. Garlic Mustard. 

Waste places. Naturalized in northeast sixth (map 649). 

Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. Mouse-ear Cress. 

Waste places. "Kans.," fide Rydberg. 

Arabis canadensis L. Sicklepod. 

Rocky woods. East third (map 650). Therophyte (biennial). 

Arabis dentata (Torr.) T. & G. Rock Cress. 

Rich woods, ravines, river banks. Scattered in east third, especially 

north part (map 651). 

Arabis laevigata (Muhl.) Poir. Rock Cress. 

Dry rocky places. Cherokee and Douglas counties (map 652). 

Arabis pycnocarpa Hopkins. 

Arabis ovata (R). 

Among rocks in waste places. Riley and Pottawatomie counties 

(map 653). 

Arabis virginica (L.) Poir. Rock Cress. 

Open sandy places. Sedgwick, Linn, Crawford and Cherokee counties 

(map 654). 

Barbarea vulgaris R. Br. Winter Cress. 

Waste places, naturalized from Europe. Riley and Saline counties 

(map 655). 

Berteroa incana (L.) DC. Hoary Alyssum. 

Waste places. Introduced in Riley, Jackson and Sedgwick counties 

(map 656). 

Brassica campestris L. Swedish Turnip, Rutabaga. 

Fields and waste places, escaped from cultivation. East third and 

north third of west half (map 657). Therophyte-biennial. 

Brassica juncea (L.) Losson. Indian Mustard. 

Fields and waste places, adventive or naturalized from Asia. Scattered 

in east half (map 658). Therophyte. 

Brassica kaber (DC.) Wheeler. (Rhod. 40 :306. 1938). Charlock. 

Brassica arvensis (L.) Rab. 

Sinapis arvensis (L.) (R). 

Fields and waste places, introduced. Scattered in north half and 

Cherokee county (map 659). Therophyte. 

156


Brassica nigra (L.) Koch. Black Mustard. 

Waste places and fields, introduced. East half and scattered in west 


Brassica oleracea L. and varieties. Cabbage, etc. 

Cultivated, escaping, but not persistent. 

Camelina microcarpa Andrz. False Flax. 

Waste places, naturalized. North half and Sedgwick county (map 


Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz. False Flax. 

Waste places, naturalized. Douglas (KU), Rawlins and Ellis counties 


Capsella bursapastoris (L.) Medic. Shepherd's-Purse. 

Fields, waste places, roadsides, and gardens, naturalized. Presumably 

throughout, unless not in southwest (map 663). Therophyte (winter 

annual). 

Cardamine bulbosa (Schreber) BSP. Bitter Cress. 

Wet woods and prairies. Pottawatomie, Cherokee and Leavenworth 

counties (map 664). Hemicryptophyte ?. 

Cardamine parviflora arenicola (Britton) 0. E. Schulz. Bitter Cress. 

Cardamine parviflora L. (R). 

Wet rocky ledges, ravines and open woods. Extreme south in east 

fourth (map 665). Hemicryptophyte. 

Cardamine pennsylvanica Muhl. Cress. 

Wet springy places. Saline and McPherson counties (map 666). 


Conringia orientalis (L.) Dumort. Hare's-ear Mustard. 

Waste places, introduced. Scattered in northern half (map 667). 

Dentaria laciniata Muhl. Toothwort. 

Rich woods. East third (map 668). Geophyte. 

Descurainia intermedia (Rydb.). Daniels. Tansy Mustard. 

Sophia intermedia Rydb. (R). 

Plains, prairies and waste places. Scattered both in east half and 

northwest sixth (map 669). Therophyte (or biennial). 

Descurainia magna (Rydb.). F. C. Gates. Tansy Mustard. 

Sophia magna Rydb. (R). 

River bluffs. Gove county (map 670). 

Descurainia pinnata (Walt.) Britton. Tansy Mustard. 

Sophia pinnata (Walt.). (R). 

Dry or sandy soil. Throughout (map 671). 

Descurainia pinnata brachycarpa (Richardson). Detlinger. Tansy Mustard. 

Sophia pinnata brachycarpa (Richardson). 

Waste places. North Central (map 672). 

Descurainia richardsoni (Sweet). 0. E. Schulz. Tansy Mustard. 

Sophia richardsoniana (R). 

Sandy valleys of high plains. Logan county (map 672a). 

Descurainia sophia (L.) Webb ex Prantl. Tansy Mustard. 

Sophia multifida Gilib. (R). 

Waste places, naturalized from Europe. Mostly scattered in north 

half (map 673). 

Draba brachycarpa Nutt. 

Dry hills and fields. Very scattered in east half (map 674). Therophyte. 

Draba cuneifolia Nutt. 

Rocky open woods and prairies. East half, very scattered (map 675). 

Therophyte. 

Draba cuneifolia leiocarpa 0. E. Schulz. 

Grassy places. Cowley county. Therophyte. 

Draba reptans (Lam.) Fernald. Draba, Whitlowgrass. 

Draba caroliniana Walt. (R). 

Ravines, waste ground. Kansas river valley east from Clay county 

and in Sedgwick, Cowley and Chautauqua counties (map 676). Therophyte. 

Draba reptans micrantha (Nutt.) Fernald. 

Draba micrantha (R). 

Including Draba coloradensis Rydb. (R). 

Sandy soil in plains and prairies. Northwest fourth and east half 


Eruca sativa Lam. Garden Rocket. 

Waste places, introduced. Riley county (map 678). Therophyte. 

Erysimum asperum DC. Prairie Rocket, Western Wallflower. 

Cheirinia aspera (R). 

High plains coming east on prairies. West third and north central 

(map 679). Therophyte (biennial). 

Erysimum inconspicuum S. Watts. Prairie Rocket. 

Cheirinia inconspicvM (R). 

Dry soil. Scott county (KU) (map 680). 

Erysimum repandum L. 

Cheirinia repanda (R). 

Waste places, naturalized from Europe. Scattered in north half of 


Hesperis matronalis L. Dame's Rocket. 

Fields and roadsides, recently introduced. North central (map 682). 

Hemicryptophyte or therophyte. 

Iodanthus pinnatifidus (Michx.) Steud. Purple Rocket. 

River banks. East sixth to Pottawatomie county (map 683). Hemicryptophyte. 

Lepidium campestre (L.) R. Br. Peppergrass. 

Fields and waste places, introduced. East third, scattered (map 684). 

Therophyte. 

Lepidium densiflorum Schrad. Peppergrass. 

Including Lepidum neglectum Thellung in (R). 

Plains, fields, waste places, prairies. Throughout (map 685). Therophyte.


Lepidium draba L. White Top. 

Cardaria draba (R). 

Waste places and in cultivated ground. East half, increasing (map 


Lepidium perfoliatum L. Peppergrass. 

In waste places and cultivated fields, introduced. Scattered in north 

half (map 687). Therophyte. 

Lepidium oblongum Small. 

Waste ground. A southern species, known in limited area in Salina, 

since 1900, by John Hancin (map 687a as L. pubescens). 

Lepidium ramosissimum A. Nels. Peppergrass. 

In waste or cultivated ground. Northeast fourth (map 688). Therophyte. 

Lepidium virginicum L. Peppergrass. 

Including Lepidium texanum Buckl. (R). 

Fields, roadsides and waste places, naturalized from Europe. East 

half and scattered in northwest quarter (map 689). 

Lesquerella globosa (Desv.) S. Wats. 

Rocky banks. "Kans.," fide Rydberg. Therophyte. 

Lesquerella ludoviciana (Nutt.) S. Wats. Bladderpod. 

High plains. Logan, Ellis and Cheyenne counties (map 690). 


Lesquerella ovalifolia Rydb. Bladderpod. 

High plains. West half (map 691). Hemicryptophyte. 

Lesquerella repanda (Nutt.) S. Wats. Bladderpod. 

Prairies. East fourth (map 692). Therophyte. 

Lobularia maritima Desv. Sweet Alyssum. 

Freely cultivated, seldom escaping. Riley county. Therophyte. 

Mathiola bicorni.s DC. Evening Stock. 

Roadside near Salina, 1939. John Hancin. 

Nasturtium officinale R. Br. Watercress. 

Rorippa nasturtiumâquxiticum (L.) Schinz and Thell. 

Streams and mud, naturalized from Europe. Scattered in east threefourths 


Raphanus sativus L. Radish. 

Waste places, escaped from cultivation. Northeast and north central 

(map 694). 

Rorippa armoracia (L.) Hitchc. Horseradish. 

Armoracia rusticana Gaerth. (R). 

Around dwellings. Escaped in northeast fourth (map 694a). 

Rorippa hispida glabrata Lunell. Yellow Watercress, Marsh Watercress. 

Water or wet places. East half (map 695). Seldom a plant with a 

few hairs on the stem. 

Rorippa obtusa (Nutt.) Britton. Yellow Watercress. 

Wet places. Wyandotte county (map 696). Therophyte. 

Rorippa sessilifiora (Nutt.) Hitchc. Yellow Watercress. 

Wet open woods, borders of ditches and streams. East half and 

northwest third (map 697). Therophyte (biennial). 

Rorippa sinuata (Nutt.) Hitchc. Yellow Watercress. 

River valleys. Except the southern and the northeast corners (map 

698). 

Selenia aurea Nutt.® 

Sandy open places. Chautauqua and Crawford counties (map 699). 

Therophyte. 

Sisymbrium altissimum L. Tumble Mustard. 

Fields, waste ground and railroad ballast, naturalized from Europe. 

Scattered mostly north half (map 700). Therophyte. 

Sisymbrium officinale (L.) Scop. Hedge Mustard. 

Erysimum officinale (R). 

Fields, waste places, railroad ballast, naturalized from Europe. East 

fourth (map 701). Therophyte. 

Sisymbrium officinale leiocarpum DC. Hedge Mustard. 

Erysimum, officinale leiocarpum (DC.) 

Waste places, naturalized from Europe. East half (map 702). Therophyte. 

Stanleya pinnata (Pursh) Britton. Prince's Plume. 

Dry canyons in high plains. Hamilton and Trego counties (map 


Stanleya pinnata integrifolia (James) Rollins. (Lloydia 2:119. 1939) Prince's 

Plume. 

Including S. glauca (R). 

Dry plains and hills. West third, mostly northern half of it (map 


Thlaspi arvense L. Pennycress. 

Waste places and roadsides, naturalized from Europe. Northeast 

quarter and scattered in northwest quarter (map 705). Therophyte. 

FAMILY ILLECEBRACEAE (Corrigiolaceae) 

(Whitlow-wort or Knotwort Family) 

Anychia canadensis (L.) BSP. Forked Chickweed. 

Open woods and hillsides. East fourth (map 706). Therophyte. 

Anychia polygonoides Raf. 

Dry soil. South half of east half (map 707). Therophyte. 

Paronychia diffusa A. Nels. Whitlow-wort. 

High plains. "Kans.," fide Rydberg. Hemicryptophyte. 

Paronychia jamesii T. & G. 

Including Paronychia wardii Rydb. (R). 

Dry plains and hills. West three-fifths (map 708). 

5. Verified by Robert F. Martin in 1939. 

11—1646


FAMILY CARYOPHYLLACEAE (Pink Family) 

Agrostemma githago L. Corn Cockle. 

Cultivated and waste ground. North half of east third (map 709). 

Therophyte. 

Arenaria fendleri A. Gray. Sandwort. 

Mountains and dry hills. "Kans.," fide Rydberg. 

Arenaria patula Michx. Sandwort. 

Sabulina stricta Michx. (R). 

Rocky woods and open places. South part of east fourth (map 710). 

Therophyte. 

Arenaria serpyllifolia L. Thyme-leaved Sandwort. 

Sandy soils, fields and open places, naturalized from Europe. Central 


Arenaria stricta Michx. Sandwort. 

Sabulina stricta Michx. (R). 

Rocky places. "Kans.," fide Rydberg, probably really the next. 

Arenaria texana (B. L. Robinson) Britton. Rock Sandwort. 

Sabulina texana (Robinson) (R). 

Rocky hillsides, ravines, and sandy ground. West half, especially 

north part, plus Cowley and Crawford counties (map 712). 

Cerastium brachypodum (Engelm.) Robinson. Mouse-ear Chickweed. 

Rich open woods, prairies, waste and cultivated ground. Scattered in 


Cerastium nutans Raf. Nodding Chickweed. 

Moist ground, prairies, woods, waste and cultivated ground. East 

fourth (map 714). 

Cerastium vulgatum hirsutum Fries. Mouse-ear Chickweed. 

Fields and thickets. Scattered in east half (map 715). A form, 

glandulosum (Boenn.) Druce of this variety in Ellsworth and Shawnee 

counties. 

Gypsophila elegans Bieb. 

Escaped from cultivation. Crawford county. 

Lychnis alba Mill. White Campion. 

Melandriwm album, (R). 

Waste places, adventive from Eurasia. Saline, Riley and Ellis counties 

(map 716). 

Sagina decumbens (Ell.) T. & G. Pearlwort. 

Not Sagina procumbens as stated in (R). 

Waste ground, open rocky or sandy ground. Chautauqua and Cherokee 

counties (map 717). 

Saponaria officinalis L. Soapwort, Bouncing Bet. 

Along roads and in waste places, introduced. Scattered in east threefourths 

plus Scott county (map 718). Hemicryptophyte. 

Silene antirrhina L. Sleepy Catchfly. 

Fields, prairies and waste places. East four-fifths (map 719). Therophyte. 

Silene antirrhina divaricata Robinson. 

Waste places. Pottawatomie county (map 719). Therophyte. 

I 


Silene latifolia (Mill.) Britton and Rendle. Bladder Campion. 

Silene vulgaris (Moench) Garcke (R). 

Fields and waste places, naturalized from Europe. Scattered in east 

third (map 720). Hemicryptophyte. 

Silene noctiflora L. Night-blooming Catchfly. 

Fields and waste places, naturalized from Europe. Ellsworth, Riley 

and Sheridan counties (map 721). Therophyte. 

Silene stellata (L.) Ait. f. Starry Campion. 

Wooded banks. East third (map 722). Hemicryptophyte. 

Spergula arvensis L. Spurrey. 

Fields and waste places, naturalized from Europe. Riley county (map 


Stellaria media (L.) Cyrill. Chickweed. 

Lawns, waste places, and cultivated ground. East half and scattered 

in west half (map 724). Therophyte. 

Vaccaria vulgaris Host. Cow Cockle. 

Saponaria vulgaris L. 

Waste places. Scattered in north third (map 725). Therophyte. 

FAMILY ELATINACEAE 

Bergia texana (Hook.) Seubert. 

Sandy or alluvial soil. Scattered, west to Gray county (map 726). 

Therophyte. 

Elatine americana (Pursh) Arn. Waterwort, Mud Purslane. 

Shallow water or mud. Sherman and Harvey counties (KSTC) (map 


FAMILY PORTULACACEAE (Portulaca Family) 

Claytonia virginica L. Spring Beauty. 

Rich woods or in thickets. East half, but mostly east third (map 

728). Corm geophyte. 

Portulaca grandiflora Hook. Garden Portulaca. 

Occasionally escaping from cultivation. 

Portulaca neglecta Mack, and Bush. 

Bottomlands. "Kans.," fide Rydberg, also No. Am. Flora. Therophyte. 

Portulaca oleracea L. Purslane, Pursley, Pussley. 

Fields and waste places, cultivated ground. Throughout (map 729). 

Therophyte. 

Portulaca parvula A. Gray. 

Sandy soil. East three-fourths, mostly southern part (map 730). 

Therophyte. 

Portulaca retusa Engelm 

Sandy soil. Seward county (map 731). Therophyte. 

Talinum ealycinum Engelm. Fameflower. 

Sandy soil or exposed rocky ledges. Scattered, but mostly central 


Talinum parviflorum Nutt. Fameflower. 

Rocky soil. East third (map 733). Hemicryptophyte.


FAMILY AIZOACEAE (Carpetweed Family) 

Mollugo vertieillata L. Carpetweed. 

Fields and waste places. Probably throughout, except, perhaps, most 

of the northwest (map 734). Therophyte. 

Sesuvium verrucosum Raf. Sea Purslane. 

River banks and saline plains. Ford county (map 735). Hemicryptophyte. 

FAMILY TAMARICACEAE 

Tamarix gallica L. Tamarix, Tamarisk. 

River floodplains, roadsides and salt marshes. Cheyenne Bottoms 

near Great Bend, where a 35,000-acre lake in 1927 has been freely invaded. 

Scattered in west two-thirds (map 736). Nanophanerophytemicrophanerophyte. 

FAMILY SALICACEAE 6 (Willow Family) 

Populus alba L. White or Silver Poplar. 

Occasionally planted and escaping along fence rows. Scattered in east 

and west (map 737). Mesophanerophyte. 

Populus canadensis eugenei (Simon-Louis) Schelle. Carolina Poplar 

Frequently planted and occasionally escaping. Mesophanerophyte. 

Populus deltoides Marsh. Cottonwood. 

Populus virginiana Fourg. 

Along streams. Throughout, but less frequent westward (map 738). 

Mesophanerophyte, rarely megaphanerophyte. A form pilosa (Sarg.) 

Sudw. in lowlands fide Rehder. 

Populus nigra italica Dur. Lombardy Poplar. 

Frequently planted, seldom escaping. East third, especially northeast. 


Populus sargentii Dode. Plains Cottonwood. 

Along streams. West two-thirds, more frequent westward (map 739). 

Mesophanerophyte to megaphanerophyte. 

Populus tremuloides Michx. Quaking Aspen. 

Only in cultivation in Kansas. Riley county. Microphanerophyte. 

Salix alba L. White Willow. 

Seldom escaping from cultivation. Shawnee county. Mesophanerophyte. 

Salix alba vitellina (L.) Stokes. 

In cultivation, seldom escaping. Riley county. Mesophanerophyte. 

Salix amygdaloides Anders. Peach-leaved Willow. 

Low woods, lake shores, alluvial banks of streams. Throughout, but 

commoner northward (map 740). Mesophanerophyte. 

Salix amygdaloides wrightii (Anders.) Schn. Wright Willow. 

Small tree along stream in southwest (map 741). Microphanerophyte. 

X Salix amygdaloides x nigra Glatf. 

Along streams. Saline, Pratt and Reno counties. Mesophanerophyte. 

Salix babylonica L. AVeeping Willow. 

In cultivation in east third. Mesophanerophyte. 

6. Material of Salix cheeked over by C. R. Ball. 

Salix cordata Muhl. Heart-leaved Willow. 

Wet open ground along streams, especially near springs. Scattered 


Salix discolor Muhl. Pussy Willow. 

Cultivated. 

Salix exigua luteosericea (Rydb.) Schneider. Sandbar Willow. 

Sandbars. West fourth to Sedgwick county (map 743). Nanophanerophyte. 

Salix fragilis L. Crack Willow, Brittle Willow. 

Cultivated and escaped (map 744). Mesophanerophyte. 

Salix humilis rigidiuscula Anders. Prairie Willow. 

Prairies. East half (map 745). Nanophanerophyte. 

Salix interior Rowlee. Sandbar Willow. 

Sandbars. Throughout (map 746). Nano-microphanerophyte. Two 

plants have leaves 11 mm. wide. 

Salix interior pedicellata (Anderson) Ball. Sandbar Willow. 

Including Salix linearijolia Rydb. (R). 

Scrub, scattered (map 747). 

Salix longipes wardii (Bebb.) Schneider. Ward Willow. 

Salix wardii (R). 

Along streams. Scattered in south two-thirds of east two-thirds (map 


Salix missouriensis Bebb. Missouri Willow. 

Along larger streams. East two-thirds (map 749). Micro-mesophanerophyte. 

Salix nigra Marsh. Black Willow. 

Along rivers and other wet places. Southeast diagonal half. East of 

a line from Nemaha to Comanche counties (map 750). Mesophanerophyte. 

Salix nigra lindheimeri Schneider. 

Along a stream in Neosho county, July 28, 1939. C. R. Ball. 

Salix tristis Ait. Dwarf Gray Willow. 

Shrub scattered in east half (map 751). Nanophanerophyte. 

FAMILY PHYTOLACCACEAE (Pokeweed Family) 

Phytolacca decandra L. Pokeweed. 

Phytolacca americana L. 

Along streams, in gardens and thickets. East half plus Sheridan 


FAMILY AMARANTHACEAE (Amaranth Family) 

?Acnida altissima Riddell. 

Swamps. Riley and Shawnee counties. Therophyte. 

Acnida tamariscina (Nutt.) Wood. Waterhemp. 

Swamps and alluvial soils. Possibly throughout, but scattered in west 


Amaranthus blitoides S. Wats. 

Dry ground, roadsides and waste places. Throughout (map 754). 

Therophyte.

164 


Amaranthus graecizans L. Tumbleweed. 

Waste places and cultivated ground. Throughout (map 755). Therophyte. 

Amaranthus hybridus L. 

Naturalized from Europe in waste places and fields. East half and 

scattered in west half (map 756). Therophyte. 

Amaranthus hybridus f. hypochondriacus (L.) Robinson. Prince's Feather. 

Cultivated and rarely escaped. Ellis (Hays) and Washington counties. 

Therophyte. 

Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats. 

Banks and in river valleys. Widely scattered (map 757). Therophyte. 

Amaranthus powellii Wats. 

A recent specimen from Saline county (Hancin 2180). 

Amaranthus retroflexus L. Green Amaranth, Pigweed, Redroot. 

Naturalized from Europe in waste places and fields. Throughout 


Amaranthus spinosus L. Spiny Amaranth. 

Waste places. East fourth and Reno county (map 759). Therophyte. 

Amaranthus torreyi (A. Gray) Benth. 

Sandy soil. Southwest sixth and Saline county (map 760). Therophyte. 

Celosia argentea cristata Kuntze. 

In cultivation, not persisting after escape. 

Froelichia campestris Small. 

Dry or sandy soil. Scattered throughout except northwest, more 

frequent in central (map 761). Therophyte. 

Froelichia gracilis Moq. 

Sandy soils. Scattered, perhaps throughout (map 762). Therophyte. 

Gomphrena globosa L. Globe Amaranth. 

In cultivation, not persistent after escaping. 

Iresine rhizomatosa Standley. 

Dry soil. Extreme southeast (Cherokee, Labette and Montgomery 

counties) (map 763). Therophyte-hemicryptophyte. 

Tidestromia lanuginosa (Nutt.) Standi. 

Cladothrix lanuginosa (R). 

High plains. West third plus Riley and Lyon counties (map 764). 

Therophyte. 

FAMILY CHENOPODIACEAE (Goosefoot Family) 

Atriplex argentea Nutt. Saltbush, Silverscale. 

Alkalin flats and dry open ground. West two-thirds and Wyandotte 


Atriplex canescens (Pursh) Nutt. Wingscale. 

Dry uplands and alkalin flats. West fourth (map 766). ? Chamaephyte. 

Atriplex hortensis L. Gardenscale. 

Waste ground, escaped from cultivation. North central (map 766a). 


Atriplex patula hastata (L.) Hall & Clements. Saltbush, Silverscale. 

Alkalin meadows and flats. West three-fifths (map 767). Therophyte. 

Atriplex rosea L. 

Alkalin soils. Wyandotte county (Standley). Therophyte. 

Chenopodium albescens Small. 

Dry soil. West fourth (map 768). Therophyte. 

Chenopodium album L. Lamb's-quarters. 

Including Chenopodium paganum Reichenb. and several "forms." 

Fields, waste places, thickets, etc. Throughout (map 769). Therophyte. 

A form lanceolatum (Muhl.) Aellen occurs in Rooks and Ellis 

counties. 

Chenopodium ambrosioides L. Mexican Tea. 

Waste places and thickets. East half plus Cheyenne county (1934) 


Chenopodium atrovirens Rydb. 

Canyons. West (Scott county) (map 771). Therophyte. 

Chenopodium berlandieri Moq. 

Dry soil. East two-thirds (map 772). Therophyte. The quadrinomials 

and quinquenomials of Aellen are left to the future. 

Chenopodium boscianum Moq. 

Woods and waste places. East two-thirds (map 773). Therophyte. 

Chenopodium botrys L. Feather Geranium, Jerusalem Oak. 

Waste places, naturalized from Europe. Wyandotte and Norton 

counties (map 774). Therophyte. 

Chenopodium cycloides A. Nels. 

Sand hills in Grant county (Type locality) (map 775). Therophyte. 

Chenopodium fremontii S. Wats. 

Valleys and canyons. Central plus Hamilton county (map 776). 

Therophyte. 

Chenopodium gigantospermum Aellen. 

Chenopodium hybridum (R). 

Woods and rich waste places, naturalized from Europe. East, twothirds 

and scattered in west (map 777). Therophyte. 

Chenopodium glaucum L. Oak-leaved Goosefoot. 

Alluvial soil, introduced Wyandotte county. Introduced (map 778). 

Therophyte. 

Chenopodium incanum (S. Wats.) Heller. 

Dry ground, especially in prairiedog towns. West half (map 779). 

Therophyte. 

Chenopodium Ieptophyllum Nutt. 

Sandy or dry soil. Scattered throughout (map 780). Therophyte. 

Chenopodium Ieptophyllum leptophylloides (Murr.) Thellung & Aellen. 

Chenopodium desiccatum A. Nels. (R). 

Dry soils. West half (map 781). Therophyte. 

Chenopodium Ieptophyllum prat-ericola (Rydb.) F. C. Gates. 

Chenopodium pratericola Rydb. (R). 

Sandy soils, fields and waste ground. Especially in west four-fifths 


166


Chenopodium leptophyllum subglabrum S. Wats. 

Sandy soil. Scattered throughout (map 783). Therophyte. 

Chenopodium murale L. 

Waste places. Johnson county. Introduced. Therophyte. 

Chenopodium petiolare H. B. K. 

Dry soil. Graham county (map 783a). Therophyte. 

Chenopodium salinum Standi. 

Alkali land. Southwest (map 784). Therophyte. 

Corispermum hyssopifolium L. 

Including Corispermum marginale Rydb. (R). 

and Corispermum villosum Rydb. (R). 

Sand hills, sandy valleys and fields. West half (map 785). Therophyte. 

Corispermum nitidum Kit. Bugseed. 

Sand hills and in canyons. Southwest (map 786). Therophyte. 

Cycloloma atriplicifolium (Spreng.) Coult. Winged Pigweed. 

Sandy soil of fields, floodplains, railroad ballast. Scattered throughout 

except the southeast (map 787). Therophyte. 

Eurotia lanata (Pursh) Moq. Winter Sage, Winter Fat. 

Low pubescent undershrub on high plains. West (Logan county) 

(map 788). ? Chamaephyte. 

Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad. Summer Cypress, Mexican Fireweed. 

Waste places, fields and roadsides, introduced recently and spreading 

rapidly. Scattered, except perhaps in the southeast, most frequent in 

west two-thirds (map 789). 

Kochia trichophylla Stapf. Firebush, Summer Cypress. 

Fields and roadsides, escaped from cultivation, mostly in Kansas 

river counties (map 790). 

Monolepis nuttalliana (R. & S.) Wats. Povertyweed. 

Waste places, salin soils. Scattered throughout, except perhaps in the 

southwest (map 791). Therophyte. 

Salicornia rubra A. Nels. Glasswort. 

Alkalin shores. Stafford county (map 792). 

Salsola pestifer A. Nels. Russian Thistle. 

Fields, waste places, flood plains, etc. Throughout, but more frequent 

in west (map 793). Therophyte. 

Spinacia oleracea L. Spinach. 

In cultivation, not persisting after an occasional escape. 

Suaeda depressa (Pursh) S. Wats. Sea Blite. 

Salin or alkalin soil. Central and west (map 794). Therophyte. 

Suaeda erecta (S. Wats.) A. Nels. Sea Blite. 

Alkalin or salin soil. South central and southwest (map 795). Therophyte. 

FAMILY POLYGONACEAE (Buckwheat Family) 

Eriogonum alatum Torr. 

High plains. Scott county (map 796). Hemicryptophyte. 

Eriogonum annuum Nutt. 

Sand prairies and high plains. West two-thirds, commoner in south 

part (map 797). Therophyte. 

Eriogonum corymbosum Benth. 

Dry plains. "Kans.," fide Rydberg. Chamaephyte. 

Eriogonum helichrysoides (Gand.) Rydb. 

Badlands. Logan, Gove and Ellis counties (map 798). Hemicryptophyte. 

Eriogonum jamesii Benth. 

Hills on high plains. Logan county (map 799). Hemicryptophyte. 

Eriogonum lachnogynum Torr. 

High plains. Extreme southwest (Morton county) (map 800). Hemicryptophyte. 

Eriogonum longifolium Nutt. 

Sandy soil. Southwest twelfth (map 801). Hemicryptophyte. 

Fagopyrum esculentum Moench. Buckwheat. 

Rich cultivated or waste ground, escaped from cultivation (map 802). 

Scattered. Therophyte. 

Polygonum achoreum Blake. 

Waste places and in sandy soil. Riley county (N. Y. Bot. Gard.) 


Polygonum aviculare L. Knotweed. 

Waste places, naturalized from Europe. Scattered (map 804). Therophyte. 

Polygonum aviculare angustissimum Meisn. Knotweed. 

Polygonum neglectum Besser. 

Waste places and about dwellings. Scattered (map 805). 

Polygonum buxiforme Small. 

Sandy or alkalin soil. Throughout (map 806). Therophyte. 

Polygonum coccineum pratincolum (Greene) Stanford. (Rhod. 27:165. 1925.) 

Smartweed. 

Persicaria pratincola (R). 

Prairies and open woods or borders of streams and ponds. Throughout, 

except perhaps extreme west (map 807). 

Polygonum convolvulus L. Climbing Buckwheat, Black Bindweed. 

Bilderdykia convolvulus (R). 

Thickets, waste and cultivated ground. Throughout. Introduced 

(map 808). Therophyte to vine. 

Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. & Zucc. 

In cultivation. Riley and Shawnee counties. Hemicryptophyte. 

Polygonum densifiorum Meisn. (See Weatherby, Rhod. 38:415, 1936.) Smartweed. 

Persicaria portoricensis (Bertero.) (R). 

Swamps. Cowley county (U. S. N. M.) (map 809). 

Polygonum dumetoram L. False Buckwheat. 

Bilderdykia dumetorum (R). 

Thickets. Nemaha county (map 809a). Vine hemicryptophyte. 

Polygonum erectum L. 

Low wet woods and banks of streams and ponds. East half (map 

810). Therophyte.


Polygonum hydropiper L. Water Pepper. 

Persicaria hydropiper (R). 

Wet woods and prairies. East third (map 811). Therophyte. 

Polygonum hydropiperoides Michx. Little Waterpepper. 

Persicaria hydropiperoides (R). 

Swamps, wet open ground about ponds and streams. Scattered in 

east two-thirds (map 812). Helophyte. 

Polygonum hydropiperoides f. strigosum (Small) Stanford. Little Waterpepper. 

Persicaria hydropiperoides strigosum (R). 

Including Polygonum opelousanum Riddell. 

Swamps. East two-thirds (map 813). Helophyte. 

Polygonum lapathifolium L. Smartweed. 

Persicaria lapathifolium (R). 

Including Polygonum incarnatum. 

Wet open ground, bordering ponds, river floodplains, and waste 

ground. East three-fourths plus Kearny county (map 814). Therophyte. 

Polygonum latum Small. 

Along roads and rivers. West half (map 815). Therophyte. 

Polygonum leptocarpum B. L. Robinson. 

Sandy places. Cowley county (map 816). Therophyte. 

Polygonum longistylum Small. Smartweed. 

Persicaria longistyla (R). 

Wet or moist open ground along streams, in roadside ditches and 

around ponds (map 817). Therophyte or hemicryptophyte. 

Polygonum nebraskense Greene. Smartweed. 

Persicaria nebraskensis (R). 

Water and wet places. Cloud county (map 818). 

Polygonum omissum Greene. Smartweed. 

Persicaria omissa (R). 

Wet ground and dried up ponds. Riley and Saline counties (map 


Polygonum orientale L. Prince's Feather. 

Escaped from cultivation. Northeast sixth (map 820). Therophyte. 

Polygonum pennsylvanicum L. Smartweed. 

Persicaria pennsylvanica (R). 

Waste and cultivated ground and borders of streams and ponds (map 


Polygonum persicaria L. Lady's Thumb. 

Persicaria maculosa (R). 

Waste places and rich soil. Mostly east half. Introduced (map 822). 

Therophyte. 

Polygonum persicarioides H. B. K. Smartweed. 

Persicaria persicarioides (R). 

Plains and prairies. North Central (map 823). Hemicryptophyte. 

Polygonum prolificum (Small) Robinson. 

Sandy places. Grant, Cloud and Leavenworth counties (map 824). 

Therophyte. 


Polygonum punctatum Ell. Smartweed, Waterpepper. 

Persicaria punctata (R). 

Swamps and wet places. At least east two-thirds (map 825). 

Polygonum punctatum leptostachyum Meisn. 

Wet places in woods. Jefferson and Lyon counties (map 825a). 

Polygonum ramosissimum Michx. 

River valleys, prairies, plains, waste ground and sandy soils. Throughout 


Polygonum scandens L. Climbing False Buckwheat. 

Bilderdykia scandens (R). 

Thickets, fence rows, cultivated ground. Throughout (map 827). 


Polygonum setaceum Baldw. 

Persicaria setacea (R). 

Swamps. "Kans.," fide Rydberg. Helophyte. 

Polygonum tenue Michx. 

Dry or stony soil. East half (map 828). Therophyte. 

Polygonum tomentosum Schrank. Smartweed. 

Persicaria tomentosa (R). 

Wet places and swamps. Osborne county (map 829). Therophyte. 

Polygonum virginianum L. 

Tovara virginiana (R). 

Woods and thickets. East half (map 830). Hemicryptophyte. 

Rheum rhaponticum L. Rhubarb, Pieplant. 

Cultivated, occasionally escaping or persisting. Geophyte. 

R.umex acetosella L. Sheep Sorrel. 

Waste places and sparingly in cultivated ground. Scattered in east 

half and Sherman county (map 831). Rhizome geophyte. 

Rumex altissimus Wood. Pale Dock. 

Along streams, thickets, fields and waste places. Throughout (map 


? Rumex brittanica L. 

A specimen from Douglas county in Kansas University herbarium has 

been thus identified, but is not certainly identifiable. 

Rumex crispus L. Curled Dock. 

Including Rumex elongatus Guss. 

Fields and waste places, naturalized from Europe. East half, scattered 

in west half (map 833). Hemicryptophyte. 

Rumex hastatulus Baldw. 

Sandy open ground. Chautauqua and (?) Leavenworth counties 


Rumex maritimus fueginus (Philippi) Dusen. Golden Dock. 

Rumex persicarioides L. (R). 

Sandy shores. Scattered, mostly in northern third (map 835). Therophyte. 

Rumex obtusifolius L. Broad-leaved Dock. 

Fields and waste places. Scattered in east half and Sherman county 

(map 836).


Rumex ocoidentalis S. Wats. Dock. 

Wet places. Saline county (map 837). Hemicryptophyte. 

Rumex patientia L. Patience Dock. 

Waste places, native of Europe. Scattered in east half, Sheridan and 

Cheyenne counties (map 838). Hemicryptophyte. 

Rumex triangulivalvis (Dauser) Rech. f. 

Rumex viexicanus Meissn. (R). 

Along rivers. Wyandotte county (map 838a). Hemicryptophyte. 

Rumex venosus Pursh. Wild Hydrangea. 

Sandy soil, cinders, prairies and plains. West two-thirds (map 839). 

Rumex verticillatus L. Swamp Dock. 

Swamps and low wet woods. Wyandotte county (map 840). 

FAMILY NYCTAGINACEAE (Four O'clock Family) 

Abronia fragrans Nutt. Sand Verbena. 

Dry soil. Southwest fourth to Cheyenne county on west border 


Abronia micrantha Torr. Sand Puffs. 

Tripterocalyx micrantha (R). 

Sandy soil on high plains. Hamilton county (map 842). Therophyte. 

Mirabilis albida (Walt.) Heimerl. 

Allionia albida (R). 

Dry soils. East half to Clark county (map 843). 

Mirabilis carletoni Standi. 

Allionia carletoni Standi. (R). 

Plains. At least Barber and Saline counties (map 844). Hemicryptophyte. 

Type locality Barber county, Kansas. 

Mirabilis glabra (Wats.) Standi. 

Allionia glabra (R). 

Diy soil. Southwest (Hamilton and Kearny counties) (map 845). 


Mirabilis hirsuta (Pursh). MacM. 

Allionia hirsuta (R). 

Allionia pilosa 

Sandy soil, dry open ground. East half (map 846). Hemicryptophyte. 

Mirabilis jalapa L. Four-o'clock. 

Only in cultivation. Rooks county (Hays). 

Mirabilis linearis (Pursh) Heimerl. 

Allionia linearis (R). 

Allionia decumbens (R). 

Allionia diffusa (R). 

Dry soil of plains and prairies. Throughout, except northeast (glaciated 

section) (map 847). Hemicryptophyte. Prostrate to low bushy 

branched plants from Cheyenne to Greeley to Scott to Rooks counties 

have been known as A. diffusa Heller (map 847a). Plants from two 

counties (Wichita and Rooks) are transitions to regular Mirabilis linearis. 

Mirabilis nyctaginea (Michx.) MacM. Wild Four-o'clock. 

Allionia nyctaginea (R). 

Rich soil. Probably throughout, less frequent in extreme southwest 


Mirabilis nyctaginea ovata (Pursh). 

Allionia ovata (R). 

Dry soil. Scattered (map 849). Hemicryptophyte. 

FAMILY PRIMTJLACEAE (Primrose Family) 

Anagallis arvensis L. Shepherd's Weatherglass, Pimpernel. 

Waste places. Ellsworth, Riley, Harvey, Lyon and Saline counties 


Androsace occidentalis Pursh. Androsace. 

Dry or sandy soil, rocky prairies, open woods and ravines. Except 

extreme west (map 851). Therophyte. 

Dodecatheon meadia L. Shooting Star. 

Rocky bluffs. Southeast (Montgomery and Cherokee counties) (map 


Dodecatheon radicatum Greene. 

Wet meadows. "West," fide Rydberg. Hemicryptophyte. 

Lysimachia ciliata L. Fringed Loosestrife. 

Steironema ciliatum (R). 

Moist thickets, banks of ponds and streams. East half (map 853). 


Lysimachia hybrida Michx. 

Steironema hybridum (R). 

Thickets. Miami county. Oyster in 1883 (map 854). Hemicryptophyte. 

Lysimachia nummularia L. Moneywort. 

Cultivated, seldom escaping. Atchison and Franklin counties. 

Samolus parviflorus Raf. Water Pimpernel, Brookweed. 

Samolus floribundus H. B. K. 

Wet places. Southeast and south central sixth (map 855). Hemicryptophyte-helophyte. 

FAMILY PLANTAGINACEAE (Plantain Family) 

Plantago aristata Michx. 

Dry soils, prairies and waste ground. At least east half (map 856). 

Therophyte. 

Plantago asiatica L. 

Arkansas river bottoms. Hamilton county. (KU) (map 857). Therophyte. 

Plantago elongata Pursh. 

Wet places. Central (map 858). Therophyte. 

Plantago heterophylla Nutt. 

Moist soil. "Kans.," fide Rydberg. Therophyte. 

Plantago lanceolata L. 

Lawns, roadsides and waste places. East half, but mostly east fourth, 

plus Sheridan county (map 859). Naturalized.


Plantago major L. Plantain. 

Lawns, fields, waste places. Uncommon. East fourth, scattered in 

west half (map 860). Naturalized. Hemicryptophyte. 

Plantago purshii R. & S. 

Dry or sandy soil in valleys, prairies and plains. Throughout (map 


Plantago pusilla Nutt. 

Wet places. Ellis, Cloud and Shawnee counties (map 862). Therophyte. 

Plantago rhodosperma Dene. Red-seeded Plantain. 

Sandy soil. East third (map 863). Therophyte. 

Plantago rugelii Dene. Rugel's Plantain. 

Woods, waste places, dooryards. East two-thirds, but mostly east half 


Plantago spinulosa Dene. 

> Plains. Scattered in west half (map 865). Therophyte. 

Plantago virginica L. 

Dry soil. East half (map 866). Therophyte. 

FAMILY ERICACEAE (Heath Family) 

Vaccinium arboreum Marsh. Farkleberry. 

Batodendron arboreum (R). 

Sandy soil in woods. Southeast corner (U. S. N. M.) (map 867). 

Nano to microphanerophyte. 

Vaccinium canadense Kalm. Blueberry. 

Cyanococcus canadensis (R). 

Moist woods. "Southeast," fide Rydberg. Nanophanerophyte. 

Vaccinium stamineum L. Squaw Huckleberry. 

Polycodium stamineum (R). 

Rocky woods. Extreme southeast (Cherokee county) (map 868). 

Nanophanerophyte. 

Vaccinium stamineum neglectum (Small) Dean. 

Polycodium neglectum (R). 


868). Nanophanerophyte. 

Vaccinium vacillans Kalm. Lowbush Blueberry. 

Cyanococcus vacillans (R). 


Chamae- to nanophanerophyte. 

FAMILY SAPOTACEAE 

Bumelia lanuginosa (Michx.) Pers. Chittimwood, Gumelastic, Woolly Buckthorn. 

Sandy soil. Southeast, north to Wyandotte county, and west to 

Harper county (map 870). Microphanerophyte. 

Bumelia lycioides (L.) Pers. Buckthorn, Shittimwood. 

Low ground. "Southeast," fide Rydberg. Microphanerophyte. 

FAMILY EBENACEAE (Ebony Family) 

Diospyros virginiana L. Persimmon. 

Borders of woods along small streams, to the northwestward cultivated. 

Native in south half of east third and cultivated as far as Harper, 

Ellsworth, Riley and Atchison counties (map 871). Mesophanerophyte. 

FAMILY POLEMONIACEAE (Phlox Family) 

Gilia acerosa (A. Gray.) Britton. 

Gilia rigidula acerosa (A. Gray). 

Giliastrum acerosum (R). 

Sandy plains. South two-thirds of west third (map 872). Chamaephyte 

(? hemicryptophyte). 

Gilia aggregata (Pursh) Spreng. Gilia. 

Hills of high plains. Clark and Stevens counties (map 873). 

Gilia calcarea M. E. Jones. Gilia. 

Sandy soil of high plains. Hamilton county (map 874). 

Gilia inconspicua (Smith) Dougl. Gilia. 

Hillsides of high plains. Hamilton county fide Aller: Thesis (unpublished) 

. 

Gilia laxiflora (Coult.) Osterhout. Gilia. 

Plains. Harper and Stevens counties (map 875). 

Gilia longiflora (Torr.) G. Don. Gilia. 

Sandhills of high plains. Southwest, east to Harper county (map 

876). 

Gilia rubra (L.) Heller. 

Cultivated on sandy soil. Chautauqua and Montgomery counties. 

Gilia spicata Nutt. Gilia. 

Hills of high plains. Hamilton and Scott counties (map 877). Therophyte 

or hemicryptophyte. 

Navarretia breweri (A. Gray) Greene. 

"Kans. (?)" fide Rydberg. 

Phlox bifida glandifera Beck. 

Ravines. Pottawatomie and Cowley counties (map 878). Hemicryptophyte. 

Phlox divaricata laphami Wood. Woodland or Blue Phlox. 

Woodlands. East third (map 879). Hemicryptophyte. 

Phlox maculata L. Phlox. 

Low ground. Leavenworth county (Rare). (KU) (map 880). Hemicryptophyte. 

Phlox paniculata L. Phlox. 

Woods. Doniphan county. Cultivated in Riley county (map 881). 


Phlox pilosa L. Prairie Phlox. 

Sandy prairies. East third. The plants in northeastern Kansas, i.e., 

north of Kansas river basin, are variety fulgida Wherry (map 882) and 

those in southeastern Kansas are variety virens (Michx.) (map 882) 

Hemicryptophyte.


Polemonium reptans L. Jacob's Ladder. 

Woods and thickets. Brown, Doniphan and Cherokee counties (map 

883). (?Therophyte.) 

FAMILY CONVOLVULACEAE (Morning-glory Family) 

Convolvulus arvensis L. Bindweed, Field Bindweed. 

Including Convolvulus ambigens House (R). 

Cultivated and waste ground. Throughout (map 884). Rhizome 

geophyte. 

Convolvulus incanus Vahl. 

Dry hills and plains. Southwest (3 counties) (map 885). Some 

specimens formerly identified as Convolvulus hermannioides A. Gray. 

Convolvulus interior House. Bindweed. 

Sandy soil. Probably throughout, or except southwest (map 886). 

Convolvulus japonicus Thunb. Japanese Morning-glory. 

Escaped from cultivation. East (Bourbon county). 

Convolvulus sepium L. Hedge Bindweed. 

Including Convolvulus americanus (Sims.) Greene (R). 

and Convolvulus fraterniflorus Mack. & Bush., a short-peduncled plant, 

the forms present. 

Thickets, fields and fence rows. Except perhaps southwest (map 887). 

Cuscuta cephalanthi Engelm. Dodder. 

Moist ground, thickets; on coarse herbs and shrubs. Northeast fourth 

(map 888). Therophyte-vine. 

Cuscuta coryli Engelm. Hazel Dodder. 

Thickets; on hazel and other shrubs. Scattered, Meade, Rooks and 

Riley counties (map 889). Therophyte-vine. 

Cuscuta curta (Engelm.) Rydb. 

"Kans.," fide Rydberg. 

Cuscuta cuspidata Engelm. Dodder. 

Low open woods and thickets along streams: on Ambrosiaceae and 

rarely legumes. Except northwest (map 890). Therophyte-vine. 

Cuscuta glomerata Chois. Dodder. 

Cuscuta varadoxa Raf. (R). 

Wet ground, thickets and woods along streams, on Compositae and 

other tall herbs. Throughout, but mostly east half (map 891). Therophyte-vine. 

Cuscuta gronovii vulgivaga Engelm,. Dodder. 

Moist ground, thickets and prairies: on various coarse herbs and 

shrubs. Marshall county (map 892). Therophyte-vine. 

Cuscuta indecora Choisy. Dodder. 

Thickets: on herbs and low shrubs, mostly composites and legumes. 

Very scattered (map 893). Therophyte-vine. 

Cuscuta pentagona Engelm. Dodder. 

Thickets and prairies: on herbs especially composites. East half (map 

894). Therophyte-vine. 

Cuscuta polygonorum Engelm. Smartweed Dodder. 

Moist ground along streams, thickets and woods: on species of Polygonum 

and other herbs. East half (map 895). Therophyte-vine. 

THE FLOKA OF KANSAS 177 

Evolvulus nuttallianus R. & S. Evolvulus. 

Sandy soil on plain and prairie. Except extreme east (map 896). 


Ipomoea batatas Lam. Sweet Potato. 

Cultivated, not persisting after escape. Therophyte. 

Ipomoea hederacea Jacq. Blue Morning-glory. 

Cultivated and waste ground, roadsides, etc. East half, scattering 

westward (map 897). Therophyte-vine. Common. 

Ipomoea Iacunosa L. Small White Morning-glory. 

Fields and low ground. East third (map 898). Therophyte-vine. 

Ipomoea leptophylla Torr. Sand Morning-glory, Bush Morning-glory. 

Sandy soil, plains and prairies. West four-fifths (map 899). Root 

tuber geophyte. The large root often weighing 20 to 30 pounds or more. 

Ipomoea pandurata (L.) G. F. W. Mey. Man-of-the-Earth. 

Prairies, fields and waste ground. East third (map 900). Hemicryptophyte 

(roottuber geophyte). 

Ipomoea purpurea (L.) Roth. Common Morning-glory. 

Cultivated and waste ground, roadsides, etc. Mostly east half (map 

901). Therophyte-vine. 

X Ipomoea hederacea x purpurea. 

Hybrids both ways have been collected at Salina by Hancin and 

doubtless exist at other places in the state. 

Quamoclit coccinea (L.) Moench. Cypress Vine, Red Morning-glory. 

Thickets. East half, plus Sheridan county (map 902). Therophyte. 

Quamoclit coccinea hederifolia House. 

Thickets. Riley and Crawford counties (map 902). Therophyte. 

Quamoclit vulgaris Choisy. Cypress Vine. 

Waste places, naturalized from tropical America. Doniphan and 

Riley counties (map 903). Therophyte. 

FAMILY' IIYDROPHYLLACEAE (Waterleaf Family) 

Ellisia nvctelea L. 

Moist woods, thickets, cultivated and waste ground. Dwarfing westward. 

Throughout, except southwest fourth (map 904). Therophyte 

Hydrophyllum appendiculatum Michx. Waterleaf. 

Decemium appendiculatum (R). 

Rich woods. Extreme central east (map 905). Hemicryptophyte. 

Hydrophyllum virginianum L. Waterleaf. 

Rich moist woods and thickets along streams. East fourth (map 


Phacelia hirsuta Nutt. Scorpionweed. 

Dry soil in open woods, ravines, and thickets along streams. Southeast 

ninth (map 907). Hemicryptophyte. Earlier specimens mislabeled 

P. dubia (L.) Small. 

Phacelia integrifolia Torr. Scorpionweed. 

Gypsum soil Extreme south central (Barber and Harper counties) 

(map 908). Hemicryptophyte (?). 

12—1616

164 


Phacelia tanacetifolia Benth. 

Escaped from cultivation. Geary county. 

FAMILY BORAGINACEAE (Borage Family) 

Cryptantha crassisepala (T. & G.) Greene. 

Loose soil on plains. West two-fifths to Ellsworth county (map 909). 

Therophyte. 

Cynoglossum officinale L. Hound's-tung. 

Fields, pastures, thickets and woods. East third (map 910). Hemicryptophyte. 

Cynoglossum virginianum L. Wild Comfrey. 

Rich or rocky woods. "Kans.," fide Rydberg. 

Echium vulgare L. Viper's Bugloss. 

Waste places and roadsides. Ford, Pottawatomie and Riley counties 

(map 911). 

Heliotropium convolvulaceum A. Gray. 

Euploca convolvulacea (R). 

Sandy high plains. Southwest fourth, east to Reno county (map 


Heliotropium indicum L. Indian Heliotrope. 

Tiaridium indicum (R). 

Waste places. "Kans.," fide Rydberg. Therophyte. 

Heliotropium spathulatum Rydb. Heliotrope. 

River valleys. Finney and Grant counties (map 913). Hemicryptophyte. 

Heliotropium tenellum (Nutt.) Torr. 

Lilhococca tenella (R). 

Dry soil. Southeast sixth (map 914). Therophyte. 

Lappula americana A. Gray. 

Thickets. Clay county (map 915). Therophyte (biennial). 

Lappula echinata Gilib. Stickseed. 

Waste and cultivated ground. East third (Kansas river valley, plus 

Greenwood county) (map 916). Therophyte. 

Lappula heterosperma Greene. 

Valleys. West half, but especially northwest fourth (map 917). 

Therophyte. 

Lappula occidentalis (S. Wats.) Greene. 

Sandy areas and plains. Probably throughout, but more common 

westward (map 918). Therophyte. 

Lappula virginiana (L.) Greene. Stickseed, Beggar's Lice. 

Woods and thickets. Northeast half plus southeast two-thirds, plus 

Sheridan county (map 919). 

Lithospermum arvense L. Corn Gromwell. 

Railway ballast and waste ground. East third and north central 


Lithospermum canescens (Michx.) Lehm. Puccoon. 

Prairies and open woods. Northeast sixth (? -f Reno county) (map 


Lithospermum croceum Fernald. (Rhod. 37:329. 1935.) Puccoon. 

Lithospermum caroliniense (Walt.) MacM. 

Lithospermum gmelini (Michx.) (R). 

Prairies, plains and open woods. East half, mostly north quarter 


Lithospermum latifolium Michx. 

Rich woods and thickets. Extreme central east (map 923). Hemicryptophyte. 

Lithospermum officinale L. 

Waste places. "Kans.," fide Rydberg. Hemicryptophyte. 

Lithospermum linearifolium Goldie. Narrow-leaved Puccoon. 

Including Lithospermum breviflorum and 

Lithospermum mandanense (R). 

Dry soil in prairies and plains. Probably throughout (map 924). 

Variable. A Sumner county plant is identified by Rydberg as L. breviflorum 

Engelm. & Gray, and several plains specimens from western 

Kansas as L. mandanense Spreng., but neither seems separable as a 

species. Hemicryptophyte. 

Mertensia virginica L. Mertensia, Lungwort. 

Wooded banks in alluvial soil. Miami county (Mo. Bot. Gard.) 

(map 925). Riley county (cult.). Hemicryptophyte. 

Myosotis virginica (L.) B. S. P. Forget-me-not. 

Dry and rocky places. East half, plus Ellis and Cheyenne counties 


Onosmodium hispidissimum Mack. False Gromwell. 

River banks. East fourth plus Rawlins county (map 927). Hemicryptophyte. 

Onosmodium occidentale Mack. False Gromwell. 

Plains, prairies and rocky open woods. Northeast four-fifths, plus 

southeast third (map 928). Hemicryptophyte. 

Oreocarya cana A. Nels. 

Hamilton county (Aller's thesis [unpublished]). 

Oreocarya suffruticosa (Torr.) Greene. 

Plains. Southwest fourth, plus Graham county (map 929). Hemicryptophyte. 

FAMILY SOLANACEAE (Potato Family) 

Chamaesaracha conioides (Moric.) Britton. 

High plains. Southwest sixth and Woodson county (map 930). 


Chamaesaracha coronopus (Dunal) A. Gray. 

Dry clayey soil. "Kans.," fide Rydberg. Hemicryptophyte. 

Datura metel L. 

Cultivated and escaping. Ellis to Cloud to Shawnee to Greenwood 


Datura stramonium L. Jimsonweed. 

Including Datura tatula L. 

Cultivated and waste ground, thickets along streams. East half and 


178


Lycium chinense Mill. Chinese Matrimony Vine. 

Cultivated, seldom escaping. Liana to microphanerophyte. 

Lycium halimifolium Mill. Matrimony Vine. 

Thickets and waste places, escaped. North half (map 933). Mostly 

nanophanerophytes. 

Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. Tomato. 

Cultivated, occasionally escaping. 

Nicandra physalodes (L.) Pers. Apple of Peru. 

Escaping from cultivation. Clay, Riley and Sheridan counties (map 


Petunia axillaris B. S. P. 

Cultivated. Atchison county (KU). 

Petunia violacea Lindl. Petunia. 

Much cultivated, seldom escaping. Riley county, etc. Therophyte. 

Physalis ambigua (A. Gray) Rydb. 

Prairies. Saline and Shawnee counties (map 935). Hemicryptophyte. 

Physalis angulata L. Ground Cherry. 

Rich soil. Marion and Riley counties (map 936). Therophyte. 

Physalis comata Rydb. Ground Cherry. 

Hillsides and plains. Rooks to Douglas counties (map 937). Hemicryptophyte. 

Physalis heterophylla Nees. Ground Cherry. 

Roadsides, fields and waste places. East two-thirds, plus Sheridan 


Physalis ixocarpa Brot. Tomatillo. 

Railway ballast. Riley and Pottawatomie counties (map 939). 

Therophyte. 

Physalis lanceolata Michx. Ground Cherry. 

Prairies and plains. Throughout (possibly except southeast) (map 


Physalis longifolia Nutt. Ground Cherry. 

River valleys and rich soil. Throughout (map 941). Hemicryptophyte. 

Physalis macrophysa Rydb. Ground Cherry. 

Rich soil. Sparsely scattered (map 942). Hemicryptophyte. 

Physalis missouriensis Mack. & Bush. 

Rich soil along streams. East third (map 943). Therophyte. 

Physalis mollis Nutt. Ground Cherry. 

Thickets along streams. Barber county (KU) (map 944). Hemicryptophyte. 

Physalis pendula Rydb. Ground Cherry. 

Rich soil. East third (map 945). Therophyte. 

Physalis pruinosa L. Strawberry Tomato. 

Cultivated ground. Osborne and Wyandotte counties (map 946). 

Therophyte. 

Physalis pubescens L. Ground Cheny. 

Cultivated and waste sandy soil. East third (map 947). Therophyte. 

Physalis pumila Nutt. Ground Cherry. 

Prairies and valleys. East half, plus Kiowa and Wallace counties 


Physalis rotundata Rydb. Ground Cherry. 

Plains and prairies. West three-fourths (map 949). Hemicryptophyte. 

Physalis subglabrata Mack. & Bush. Ground Cherry. 

Valleys and cultivated ground. Throughout, but more frequent in 

east third (map 950). Hemicryptophyte. 

Physalis virginiana Mill. Ground Cherry. 

Prairies, valleys, woods, thickets and cultivated grounds. East half, 

plus Cheyenne county (map 951). 

Quincula lobata (Torr.) Raf. 

Physalis lobata Torr. 

High Plains. West two-fifths to Reno county (map 952). Hemicryptophyte. 

Solanum carolinense L. Horse Nettle, Carolina Nightshade. 

Sandy soil, rocky prairies, railway ballast, and waste ground. East 

half (map 953). Hemicryptophyte. 

Solanum citrullifolium A. Br. 

Androcera citrullifolia (R). 

Sandy soil. "Kans.," fide Rydberg. Therophyte. 

Solanum dulcamara L. Bittersweet. 

Cultivated. Northeast fourth. Vine. 

Solanum elaeagnifolium Cav. Nightshade. 

Rocky prairies, railway ballast and waste ground. East and south 


Solanum nigrum L. Black or Garden Nightshade. 

Waste places and cultivated ground. East two-thirds, the western 

specimens passing into the next (map 955). Therophyte. 

Solanum nigrum interius (Rydb.) F. C. Gates. 

Solanum interius (R). 

Valleys among bushes. Throughout (map 956). Therophyte. 

Solanum rostratum Dunal. Buffalobur. 

Androcera rostrata (R). 

Open situations, plains, roadsides, cultivated land, etc. Throughout 


Solanum torreyi A. Gray. Nightshade. 

Rocky or sandy open ground. South central and Saline county (map 


Solanum triflorum Nutt. Nightshade. 

Plains, prairies, cultivated ground. West half plus Riley and Wyandotte 

(railroad yards) counties (map 959). Therophyte. 

Solanum triquetrum Cav. 

Thickets. "Kans.," fide Rydberg. 

Solanum tuberosum L. Potato. 

Cultivated, seldom escaping and not long persistent. Tuber geophyte.


FAMILY OLEACEAE 

Forestiera acuminata (Michx.) Poir. Adelia. 

Adelia acuminata Michx. (R). 

Swamps and river banks. Extreme southeast, also planted elsewhere 

(map 960). Microphanerophyte. 

Forsythia viridissima Lindl. Golden Bell. 

Shrub, escaped in Washington and Shawnee counties (map 960a). 

Fraxinus americana L. White Ash. 

Rich woods, borders of streams. East fourth (map 961). Mesophanerophyte. 

Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh. Red Ash. 

Woods and along streams. East four-fifths (map 962). Micromesophanerophyte. 

Fraxinus pennsylvanica campestris (Britton) F. C. Gates. Prairie Ash. 

Fraxinus campestris (R). 

Along prairie streams, river banks, river bluffs along streams in 

prairies and plains. Scattered, apparently except southwest and southeast 

ninth (map 963). Micro-(meso?)-phanerophyte. 

Fraxinus pennsylvanica lanceolata (Borkh.) Sarg. Green Ash. 

Fraxinus lanceolata (R). 

Low woods, swamps and borders of streams. Apparently except 

southwest (map 964). Micro-mesophanerophyte. 

Fraxinus quadrangulata Michx. Blue Ash. 

Rich woods. Southeast twelfth and cultivated to the northward (map 

965). Micro-mesophanerophyte in rich woods. 

Syringa vulgaris L. Lilac. 

Cultivated and persisting after abandonment. Microphanerophyte. 

Several additional species are in cultivation. They include species 

of Chionanthus, Fontanesia, Fraxinus, Ligustrum, Olea and Syringa. 

FAMILY LOGANIACEAE 

The shrubs, Buddleia davidi Franch. and B. japonica Hernsl. are only 

in cultivation. 

FAMILY GENTIANACEAE (Gentian Family) 

Centaurium texense (Griseb.) Fern. Centaury. 

Rocky places. "Kans.," fide Rydberg. No authenticating specimens 

are known. 

Eustoma russellianum (L.) Griseb. Eustoma. 

Grassland on high plains and prairies. Southwest fourth, including 

Reno county (map 966). Therophyte to hemicryptophyte. 

Gentiana puberula Michx. Purple Gentian. 

Dasystephana puberula (R). 

Prairies. East third (map 967). Hemicryptophyte (at least often 

biennial). 

Sabatia angularis (L.) Pursh. Rose Pink, Sabatia. 

Rocky open woods and thickets. Extreme southeast (Cherokee 

county) (map 968). 


Sabatia campestris Nutt, Prairie Pink. 

Prairies, fields and ravines. Southeast ninth (map 969). 

FAMILY APOCYNACEAE (Dogbane Family) 

Amsonia illustris Woodson. 

Rocky open ground and gravel bars of streams. Allen and Cherokee 


Amsonia tabernaemontana Walt. Amsonia. 

Woods and thickets. Cherokee county. Cultivated in Riley, Sedgwick 

and Morris counties (map 971). Hemicryptophyte. 

Amsonia tabernaemontana salicifolia (Pursh) Woodson. 

Amsonia salicifolia (R). 

River banks. Cherokee county (map 972). Hemicryptophyte. 

Apocynum cannabinum L. Indian Hemp, Dogbane. 

Fields, prairies and thickets. At least east three-fourths (probably 

throughout) (map 973). Hemicryptophyte. 

Apocynum cannabinum glaberrimum DC. A. album (R). 

Fields and thickets. Scattered, northeast to southwest (map 974). 


Apocynum cannabinum pubescens (Mitchell) DC. 

Apocynum pubescens (R). 

Rocky open weeds, thickets and waste ground. East two-fifths (map 


Apocynum sibiricum Jacq. Dogbane. 

Fields, valleys and hillsides. Throughout (map 976). Hemicryptophyte. 

Apocynum sibiricum cordigerum (Greene) Fernald. 

Apocynum cordigerum Greene (R). 

Apocynum hypericifolium cordigerum (Greene) Beg. & Bel. 

Prairies. Eastern (Geary, Elk, Sedgwick, Reno and Sheridan counties) 


Vinca minor L. Periwinkle, Myrtle. 

Cultivated and sometimes escaping. Doniphan and Harvey counties. 

Chamaephyte. 

FAMILY ASCLEPIADACEAE (Milkweed Family) 

Acerates angustifolia (Nutt.) Dec. Green Milkweed. 

Plains and prairies. Throughout (map 978). Hemicryptophyte. 

Acerates auriculata Engelm. Green Milkweed. 

Plains and prairies. West half (map 979). Hemicryptophyte. 

Acerates hirtella Pennell. Green Milkweed. 

Rocky prairies. Extreme east and southeast, plus Cloud county (map 


Acerates lanuginosa (Nutt.) DC. Green Milkweed. 

Prairies. East half, scattered plus Sherman county (map 981). 


Acerates viridiflora (Raf.) Eaton. Green Milkweed. 

Dry or sandy soil. Throughout (map 982). Hemicryptophyte. 

183

164 

Acerates yiridiflora ivesii Britton. 


Sandy soil. Throughout, but more frequent in east half (map 983) 


Acerates yiridiflora linearis A. Gray. 

Dry soil. Decatur, Stevens, Finney, and Labette counties (map 984) 


Asclepias amplexicaulis Smith. 

Sandy soil. East three-fifths (map 985). Hemicryptophyte. 

Asclepias arenaria Torr. 

Sandy soil. West half, plus Riley and Shawnee counties (map 986) 


Asclepias brachystephana Engelm. 

Dry soil. "Kans," fide Rydberg, reported by Smyth. Hemicryptophyte. 

Asclepias galioides H. B. IC. Bedstraw Milkweed, Whorled Milkweed. 

High plains. Sherman county (map 987). Hemicryptophyte. 

Asclepias incarnata L. Swamp Milkweed. 

Swamps and along streams. Throughout (map 988). Helophyte. 

Asclepias kansana Vail. Kansas Milkweed. 

Prairies and open woods. East three-fifths + Thomas and Sheridan 


Asclepias latifolia (Torr.) Raf. 

Dry plains. West half to Sedgwick county (map 990). Hemicryptophyte. 

Asclepias meadii Torr. 

Prairies. Douglas county (KU) (map 991). 

Asclepias pumila (A. Gray) Vail. Low Milkweed. 

Dry plains. West three-fourths, mostly west half (map 992). Hemicryptophyte. 

Asclepias purpurascens L. Purple Milkweed. 

Rocky open woods and thickets. East seventh and Wallace county 


Asclepias quadrifolia Jacq. 



Asclepias speciosa Torr. Showy Milkweed. 

Valleys of prairie and plain. Throughout, but less frequent in southeast 


Asclepias sullivantii Engelm. 

Prairies and thickets. East half (map 996). Hemicryptophyte. 

Asclepias syriaca L. Milkweed. 

Fields and waste places. East two-thirds, plus Decatur county (map 

997). Hemicryptophyte. Confused with A. kansana, if specimens are not 

in fruit. As A. kansana was not named when most of the milkweeds 

were collected, recollecting of fruiting specimens is much to be desired. 

However, by no means all the pods have numerous processes, characteristic 

of A. kansana. 

Asclepias tuberosa L. Butterflyweed, Orange Milkweed. 

Dry fields, meadows and prairies. East three-fourths (map 998). 


Asclepias variegata L. 

Woods and thickets. "Kans.," fide Rydberg. Hemicryptophyte. 

Asclepias verticillata L. Whorled Milkweed. 

Dry prairies, valleys and rocky hillsides. Mostly east three-fourths 


Asclepiodora decumbens (Nutt.) A. Gray. Spider Milkweed. 

Dry, sandy soil. Central (map 1000). Hemicryptophyte. 

Asclepiodora viridis (Walt.) A. Gray. Spider Milkweed. 

Dry and rocky prairies. East two-thirds and Logan county (map 


Cynanchum nigrum (L.) Pers. 

Escaping from cultivation. Riley county. Vine hemicryptophyte. 

Gonolobus Iaevis Michx. Sandvine, Climbing Milkweed. 

Moist alluvial woods, thickets and cultivated fields. East two-thirds 

(map 1002). Root tuber geophyte. 

Periploca graeca L. Silkvine. 

Escaped from cultivation in woods along streams. Greenwood county 

(map 1003). Liana. 

FAMILY SCROPHULARIACEAE 7 (Figwort Family) 

Antirrhinum ma jus L. Snapdragon. 

Frequently cultivated, but not persisting after an escape. Gardens 

throughout. Therophyte. 

Aureolaria grandiflora (Benth.) Pennell. False Foxglove. 

Woods. "Kans.," fide Rydberg. Hemicryptophyte. 

Aureolaria grandiflora cinerea Pennell. False Foxglove. 

Dry soil. Southeast ninth (map 1004). Hemicryptophyte. 

Buchnera americana L. Blue Hearts. 

Upland prairies and ravines. Southeast twelfth (map 1005). Hemicryptophyte-therophyte 

(biennial). 

Castiileja citrina Pennell. 

Bluffs at edge of high plains region. Comanche to Harper counties 


Castiileja coccinea (L.) Spreng. Indian Blanket, Painted Cup. 

Prairie. Extreme east (map 1007). Hemicryptophyte (biennial or 

therophyte). 

Castiileja indivisa Engelm. 

Sandy soil. "Kans.," fide Rydberg, but no specimen discovered. 

Castiileja sessilifiora Pursh. Indian Paintbrush. 

Prairies and plains. West four-fifths (map 1008). Hemicryptophyte. 

Chelone glabra L. Turtlehead. 

"Kans," fide B&B, Rydberg, but no specimens discovered. 

Collinsia verna Nutt. Blue-eyed Mary. 

Woods. East fifth (map 1009). Therophyte. 

7. Specimens of Scrophulariaceae checked over by F. W. Pennell. 

184


Collinsia violacea Nutt. Blue-eyed Mary. 

Rocky woods. Southeast, north to Miami county (map 1010). Therophyte. 

Dasistoma macrophylla (Nutt.) Raf. Mullen Foxglove. 

Open woods and thickets. East third (map 1011). Hemicryptophyte. 

Gerardia aspera Dougl. Gerardia. 

Agalinis aspera (Dougl.) Britton. 

Prairies and moist ground along small streams. East two-thirds, plus 


Gerardia gattingeri Small. 

Miami county (Mo. Bot. Gard.) (map 1013). 

Gerardia skinneriana Wood. Gerardia. 

Agalinis skinneriana (Wood) Britton. 

Dry open woods and thickets. Southeast sixth (map 1014). Therophyte 

(?). 

Gerardia tenuifolia macrophylla Bentham. Gerardia. 

Agalinis tenuifolia macrophylla (Benth.) Blake. 

Prairies, moist ground along rivers. East third (map 1015). Hemicryptophyte 

(?). 

Gerardia tenuifolia parviflora Nutt. Gerardia, 

Agalinis tenuifolia parviflora (Nutt.) Pennell. 

Prairies and thickets, moist banks. Scattered throughout (map 1016). 


Gratiola lutea Raf. Hedge Hyssop. 

Gratiola neglecta Torr. (R). 

Mud and shallow water. Cherokee county. Extreme east (map 

1017). Helophyte-hydrophyte. 

Gratiola virginiana L. 

In pools between sand dunes. Reno and Anderson counties (map 


Leucospora multifida (Michx.) Nutt. 

Conobea multifida (Michx.) Benth. 

River floodplains, banks and fields. East two-thirds (map 1019). 

Therophyte. 

Linaria canadensis (L.) Dumort. 

Open places. Crawford county (KU) and Stevens county (Mo. Bot. 

Gard.) (map 1020). 

Linaria texana Scheele. Blue Toadflax. 

Rocky prairies and sandy open ground. East half (map 1021). 

Therophyte or hemicryptophyte. 

Linaria vulgaris Hill. Butter and Eggs. 

Waste ground and along roads. Scattered, mostly northern (northwest, 

central, and northeast) (map 1022). Hemicryptophyte. 

Lindernia anagallidea (Michx.) Pennell. False Pimpernel. 

Ilysanthes inaequalis (Walt.) (R). 

Borders of ponds and streams. Scattered in east half (map 1023). 

Therophyte (?). 

Lindernia dubia typica (L.) Pennell. False Pimpernel. 

Ilysanthes dubia (R). 

Low wet woods and borders of streams and ponds. Scattered in east 

half (map 1024). Therophyte (?). 

Lindernia dubia major (Pursh) Pennell. False Pimpernel. 

Ilysanthes dubia (R). 

Wet places. Scattered in east half (map 1025). Therophyte (?). 

Macuillamia rotundifolia (Michx.) Raf. Water Hyssop. 

Borders of ponds and streams. Throughout, but scattered (map 

1026). Succulent helophyte. 

Mimulus alatus Solander in Ait. Monkeyflower. 

Swamps and borders of streams. East fourth (map 1027). ?Hemicryptophyte. 

Mimulus glabratus fremontii (Benth.) Grant. 

Mimulus geyeri Torr. (R). 

Springs. Scattered (northwest, central, northeast) (map 1028). 

Helophyte-hydrophyte. 

Mimulus ringens L. Monkeyflower. 

Marshes and river banks. Northeast sixth (map 1029). Hemicryptophyte 

and helophyte. 

Paulownia tomentosa (Thumb.) Steud. Paulownia. 

In cultivation, winterkilling to a greater or less extent each year. 

East third. Microphanerophyte. 

Pedicularis canadensis L. Lousewort. 

Woods and thickets. East third (map 1030). Hemicryptophyte, more 

or less hemiparasitic. 

Penstemon albidus Nutt. Beardtung. 

High plains. West half (map 1031). Hemicryptophyte. 

Penstemon ambiguus Torr. Beardtung. 

High plains. Extreme southwest (map 1032). Hemicryptophyte. 

Penstemon buckleyi Pennell. Beardtung. 

Sand hills on high plains. Southwest sixth and Ellsworth and Cloud 


Penstemon caudatus Heller. Beardtung. 

Penstemon acuminatus. 

Penstemon angustifolius Pursh. (R). 

Prairies and high plains. Scattered in west two-thirds (14 counties) 


Penstemon cobaea Nutt. Beardtung. 

Rocky prairies. East six-tenths (map 1035). Hemicryptophyte. 

Penstemon digitalis (Sweet) Nutt. Beardtung. 

Fields and thickets. East fifth (map 1036). Hemicryptophyte. 

Penstemon fendleri A. Gray. Beardtung. 

High plains. Seward county, in southwest (map 1037). Hemicryptophyte. 

Penstemon grandifiorus Nutt. Beardtung. 

Sandy and rocky prairies. Smoky Hill-Kansas river valley region in 

east two-thirds (map 1038). Hemicryptophyte.

164 


Penstemon pallidus Small. Beardtung. 

Only in cultivation. Shawnee county. 

Penstemon tubaeflorus Nutt. Beardtung. 

Moist prairies and thickets. East third, mostly southeast sixth (map 


Scrophularia lanceolata Pursh. Figwort. 

Including Scrophularia occidentalis Rydb. 

Woods. Scattered in east half (map 1040). Hemicryptophyte. 

Scrophularia marilandica L. Figwort. 

Including Scrophularia neglecta Rydb. (S. m. f. neglecta [Rydb.] Pennell.) 

The type specimen from Riley county (Norton 779 in N. Y. 

Bot. Gard.). 

Woods. East third (map 1041). Hemicryptophyte. 

Tomanthera auriculata (Michx.) Raf. Gerardia. 

Otophylla auriculata (R). 

Low ground in prairies and thickets. East fourth (map 1042). 

Therophyte. 

Tomanthera densiflora (Benth.) Pennell. Gerardia. 

Otophylla densiflora (Benth.) (R). 

Prairies. East third (map 1043). Therophyte. 

Verbascum blattaria L. Moth Mullen. 

Fields and waste places. Scattered (8 counties) in east half and 

Sheridan and Hamilton counties (map 1044). Hemicryptophyte (biennial). 

Verbascum thapsus L. Mullen. ' 

Fields and waste places. East three-fifths, but especially east fourth 

(map 1045). Hemicryptophyte (biennial). 

Veronica arvensis L. Speedwell. 

Cultivated and waste ground, overcut lawns, naturalized from Europe. 

East half (map 1046). Therophyte. 

Veronica connata Raf. Brooklime. 

Veronica catenata Pennell. 

Wet places and in water. Scattered in north third (map 1047). 

Helophyte, hydrophyte. Variety glaberrima Pennell in the same territory 

(map 1047). 

Veronica didvma Tenore. Speedwell. 

Scattered in northeast fourth (map 1048). Therophyte. 

Veronica peregrina L. Speedwell. 

Cultivated and waste ground. East fifth (map 1049). Therophyte. 

Veronica peregrina xalapensis (H. B. K.) Pennell. Speedwell. 

Fields, cultivated and waste ground, more common than the species. 

Scattered throughout, on the increase (map 1050). Therophyte. 

Veronica triphylos L. 

Waste ground, Junction City, Geary county (map 1051). T. E. 

Brooks in 1935. First time in United States. 

Veronicastrum virginicum (L.) Farwell. Culver's Root. 

Meadows and thickets. East fourth (map 1052). Hemicryptophyte. 

The form villosum (Raf.) Pennell in Jackson county. 

FAMILY BIGNONIACEAE (Bignonia Family) 

Campsis radicans (L.) Seem. Trumpet Creeper. 

Tecoma radicans (L.) Juss. (R). 

Woods and thickets, probably native in extreme southeast and escaped 

elsewhere in southeast Kansas (map 1053). Cultivated in east 

third, often as the variety speciosa. Liana. 

Catalpa bignonioides Walt. Catalpa. 

Only in cultivation. East. Tree. 

Catalpa speciosa Warder. Catalpa. 

Introduced along streams and into waste ground, also cultivated, occasionally 

escaping (map 1054). Tree. 

FAMILY MARTYNIACEAE (Unicorn-plant Family) 

Martynia louisianica Mill. Devil's Claw. 

Proboscidea louisiana (R). 

Plains and in cultivated and waste ground eastward. Frequent in 

west two-thirds, occasionally more eastward (map 1055). Therophyte. 

FAMILY' OROBANCHACEAE (Broomrape Family) 

Orobanche ludoviciana Nutt. 

Myzorrhiza ludoviciana (R). 

Parasite on roots of Xanthium, Artemisia and other composites, etc, 

in sandy soil in river flood plains. Scattered, mostly western, Geary and 

Allen counties in eastern Kansas (map 1056). 

Orobanche uniflora L. Cancerroot. 

Anoplanthus uniflorus (R). 

In woods, parasites on tree roots. Sparing in east half (map 1057). 

FAMILY LENTIBULARIACEAE (Bladderwort Family) 

Utricularia vulgaris americana A. Gray. Bladderwort. 

Utricularia macrorrhiza LeConte (R). 

Pond and shallow streams. Scattered, if suitable habitats, presumably 

throughout (map 1058). Hydrophyte. 

FAMILY ACANTHACEAE (Acanthus Family) 

Dianthera americana L. Waterwillow. 

Marshes and streams. In Kansas river valley and south in east third 

(map 1059). Helophyte or hemicryptophyte. 

Dicliptera brachiata (Pursh) Spreng. 

Low alluvial soil in woods and thickets. Southeast corner counties 

and Sedgwick and Osage counties (map 1060). 

Ruellia caroliniensis (Walt.) Steud. Ruellia. 

Ruellia ciliosa Pursh (R). 

Rocky prairies and thickets (map 1061). Hemicryptophyte. 

Ruellia strepens L. Ruellia. 

Rocky open woods and prairies. East, third, except north tier (map 

1062). Hemicryptophyte. A variety cleistantha A. Gray in Saline 

county. 

188


FAMILY PHRYMACEAE (Lopseed Family) 

Phryma leptostachya L. Lopseed. 

Rocky or alluvial woods and thickets. East half (map 1063). Hemicryptophyte. 

FAMILY VERBENACEAE (Verbena Family) 

Callicarpa purpurea Juss. 

Cultivated, seldom spreading. Riley county. Nanophanerophyte. 

Lippia cuneifolia (Torr.) Steud. 

Phylla cuneifolia (R). 

Damp places in prairies and plains. West two-thirds, Kansas river to 

Shawnee county and Cherokee county (map 1064). Hemicryptophyte. 

Lippia lanceolata recognita Fernald & Griscom. 

Phyla lanceolata (R). 

Damp or wet places in valleys or prairies. East two-thirds (map 


Verbena bipinnatifida Nutt. Wild Verbena. 

Rocky prairies and dry soil on the plains. West three-fourths (map 


Verbena bracteata Lag. & Rodr. Vervain, Verbena. 

Verbena bracteosa Michx. (R). 

Dry places along roads and on prairie and plains. Throughout (map 

1067). Therophyte or hemicryptophyte. 

X Verbena bracteata x hastata. 

McPherson county. 

X Verbena bracteata x stricta. 

McPherson county. 

X Verbena bracteata x urticifolia. 

Open ground. Pottawatomie county. 

Verbena canadensis (L.) Britton. Wild Verbena. 

Including Verbena drummondii (Lind.) (R). 

Prairies, fields and rocky hillsides. Mostly in east third, but scattering 

locations in the west (map 1068). Hemicryptophyte. 

Verbena hastata L. Vervain or Verbena. 

Low open woods and thickets, wet prairies, and waste ground. 

Throughout, except the westernmost counties (map 1069). Hemicryptophyte. 

X Verbena hastata x stricta. 

Barber, Cloud, Elk, Shawnee, Cherokee and Osborne counties. 

X Verbena hastata x urticifolia. 

Scattered, Meade, Crawford and Bourbon counties. 

Verbena simplex Lehm. Vervain or Verbena. 

Verbena angustifolia Michx. (R). 

Dry soil. Mostly in southern two-thirds of east third (map 1070). 


X Verbena simplex x hastata. 

Eastern Kansas (Neosho, Osage, Cherokee, Butler, Lyon, Montgomery 

and Douglas counties). 

X Verbena simplex x stricta. 

Montgomery county. 

Verbena stricta Vent. Vervain or Verbena. 

Dry soils, valleys, thickets and waste places. Throughout, except 

southwest corner (map 1071). Hemicryptophyte. Forma roseiflora 

Benke, Concordia, Cloud county, in 1929. Benke 5176 (type in Field 

Museum). Rhod. 34:10. 1932. 

Verbena urticifolia L. Nettleleaved Verbena. 

Thickets, waste places, and roadsides. East two-thirds (map 1072). 

Therophyte or hemicryptophyte. 

X Verbena stricta x urticifolia. 

Pottawatomie, Doniphan and Labette counties. 

X Verbena urticifolia x simplex. 

Crawford county (Ross Herbarium). 

The shrubs Vilex agnus castus L. (Chaste Tree), and Vitex negundo 

incisa Clarke are found only in cultivation. 

FAMILY LAMIACEAE 8 (Mint Family) 

Agastache nepetoides (L) Ktze. Giant Hyssop. 

Woods and thickets. East half and Kiowa and Hamilton counties 


Agastache scrophulariaefolia (Willd.) Ktze. Giant Hyssop. 

Hillside thickets. Leavenworth county (map 1074). Hemicryptophyte. 

Blephilia ciliata (L.) Raf. 

Woods and thickets. Extreme southeast (Cherokee county) (map 


Blephilia hirsuta (Pursh) Benth. 

Rich woods and thickets. Extreme east. Wyandotte, Miami and 

Leavenworth counties (map 1076). Hemicryptophyte. 

Hedeoma drummondii Benth. 

Hedeoma camporurn Rydb. (R). 

Arroyos in high plains and ravines, etc. West half (map 1077). 


Hedeoma hispidum Pursh. 

Rocky and sandy prairies. Throughout, except southwest (map 1078). 

Therophyte. 

Hedeoma pulegioides (L.) Pers. American Pennyroyal. 

Rocky open woods and thickets. East fourth (map 1079). Therophyte. 

Isanthus brachiatus (L.) B. S. P. False Pennyroyal. 

Rocky prairies and plains. East third, plus Sheridan county (map 


Lamium amplexicaule L. Dead Nettle, Henbit. 

Waste places and cultivated ground, recently introduced and spreading 

rapidly in lawns. East half (map 1081). Therophyte. 

8. In part checked by Carl Epling.


Leonurus cardiaca L. Motherwort. 

Fields, roadsides and about dwellings. North half east from Sheridan 

county and Cherokee county (map 1082). Hemicryptophyte. 

Leonurus sibiricus L. Motherwort. 

Only in cultivation. Clay and Sheridan counties. Hemicryptophyte. 

Lvcopus americanus Muhl. Water Horehound. 

Low wet woods and margins of ponds and streams. Throughout (map 

1083). Hemicryptophyte or helophyte. 

Lycopus lucidus Turcz. Water Horehound. 

Wet soil, especially in thickets. Marshall. Riley and Miami counties 

(map 1084). Hemicryptophyte or helophyte. 

Lycopus uniflorus Michx. 

Moist soil. Pottawatomie county (map 1085). Hemicryptophyte. 

Lycopus virginicus L. Water Horehound, Bugleweed. 

Low wet woods and open ground. Northeast fourth (map 1086). 

Hem icry ptophy te. 

Marrubium vulgare L Horehound. 

Hillsides and waste ground, especially about old dwellings. East 

four-fifths (map 1087). Hemicryptophyte. 

Melissa officinalis L. Bee Balm, Lemon Balm. 

Waste places, adventive from Europe. Johnson county (map 1088). 


Mentha arvensis glabrata (Benth.) Fernald. Horse Mint. 

Mentha glabrior (Hook.) Rydb. (R). 

Swamps, marshes, along streams and in springy places. East half, plus 

a xerofitic plant in Hamilton county (map 1089). Hemicryptophyte or 

helophyte. 

Mentha longifolia Huds. (See Rhod. 26:175. 1924.) 

Mentha sylvestris L. 

Escaped from cultivation in Sedgwick county (map 1090). 

Mentha piperita L. Peppermint. 

Probably only in cultivation. Scattered in east third (map 1090). 

Hem icryptophy te. 

Mentha spicata L. Spearmint. 

Fields and waste places, naturalized from Europe. Cloud county 


Monarda bradburiana Beck. 

Open rocky woods and thickets. "Kans," fide Rydberg. Hemicryptophyte. 

Monarda citriodora Cerv. 

Monarda dispersa Small. (R). 

Plains and prairies. East three-fourths (map 1092). Therophyte. 

Monarda clinopodioides A. Gray. 

Plains and prairies. South central (map 1093). Therophyte. 

Monarda fistulosa L. Bergamot. 

Dry hillsides and thickets. "Kans." fide Rydberg. Hemicryptophyte. Herbarium 

specimens seen are all Monarda mollis. 

Monarda menthaefolia Benth. 

Hillsides. Chase, Marion and Jackson counties (map 1094). Hemicryptophyte. 

Monarda mollis L. Wild Bergamot. 

Monarda fistulosa mollis (L.) Benth. 

Rocky prairies and thickets. East two-thirds (map 1095). Hemicryptophyte. 

Monarda punctata occidentalis Epling. (Madrono 3:25. 1935.) 

Often identified as Monarda pectinata Nutt. from (R). Sandy open 

ground. Scattered mostly in south central; Shawnee county (map 1096). 


Nepeta cataria L. Catnip, Cat.nep, Cat Mint. 

Fields, roadsides, ravines and waste ground, especially about old 

dwellings. East half, plus northwest fourth (map 1097). Hemicryptophyte. 

Nepeta hederacea parviflora Benth, Ground Ivy, Gill-over-the-ground. 

Glecoma hederacea L. 

Waste places, thickets, etc, naturalized from Europe. East third 

(map 1098). Hemicryptophyte-chamaephyte. 

Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton. Beefsteak Plant. 

Escaped from cultivation along roads, in fields, waste ground and 

along streams. Eastern, mostly northeast fourth (map 1099). Hemicryptophyte. 

Physostegia formosior Lunell. False Dragonhead. 

Dracocephalum formosius (R). 

Lowlands. Wyandotte and Douglas counties (map 1100). Hemicryptophyte. 

Physostegia intermedia (Nutt.) Engelm. & Gray. False Dragonhead. 

Dracocephalum intermedium (R). 

Dracocephalum denticulatum Ait. (R) (?). 

Prairies. Southeast twelfth (map 1101). Hemicryptophyte. 

Physostegia virginiana (L.) Benth. False Dragonhead. 

Dracocephalum virginianum (R). 

Moist soil. East third (map 1102). Hemicryptophyte. 

Physostegia virginiana speciosa (Sweet) A. Gray. False Dragonhead. 

Dracocephalum speciosum (R). 

Low ground. "Kans," fide Rydberg. Hemicryptophyte. 

Prunella vulgaris lanceolata (Barton) Fernald. Self-heal. 

Woods and thickets in wet places. East half, plus Hamilton county 


Pycnanthemum 9 flexuosum (Walt.) BSP. Mountain Mint. 

Rocky open woods, fields and thickets. East third (map 1104). 


Pycnanthemum pilosum Nutt. Mountain Mint. 

Prairies and open woods. East fifth (map 1105). Hemicryptophyte. 

9. Specimens of Pycnanthemum verified by E. Grant, during 1939. 

13—1646


Pycnanthemum virginianum (L.) Durand & Jackson. Mountain Mint. 

Rocky woods and thickets. Scattered in east fourth (Pottawatomie, 

Cherokee and Wyandotte counties) (map 1106). Hemicryptophyte. 

Salvia pitcheri Torr. Pitcher's Sage. 

Salvia azurea grandiflora Benth. 

Dry prairies and plains. East four-fifths (map 1107). Hemicryptophyte. 

Salvia reflexa Hornem. Sage. 

Salvia lanceolata Willd. 

Prairies, plains and waste ground. Throughout (map 1108). Hemicryptophyte. 

Salvia pratensis L. 

In pasture (station now destroyed, Hancin). Saline county. Hemicryptophyte. 

Scutellaria australis (Fassett) Epl. 

Rocky prairies and sandy soil. East half (map 1109). 

Scutellaria drummondii Benth. Skullcap. 

Prairies. "Kans.," fide Rydberg, but not the specimen. Therophyte. 

Scutellaria incana Spreng. Skullcap. 

Scutellaria canescens Nutt. 

Woods and thickets. Extreme southeast (Cherokee county) (map. 


Scutellaria lateriflora L. Mad-dog Skullcap. 

Swamps or along streams. Throughout (map 1111). Hemicryptophyte 

or helophyte. 

Scutellaria leonardi Epling. Skullcap. 

Scutellaria ambigua (R). 

Dry, sandy soil. Northeast fourth and southeast ninth (map 1112). 


Scutellaria ovata Hill. 

Scutellaria ovata bracteata (Benth.) Epl. 

Moist banks. East border and Chautauqua county (map 1113). 


Scutellaria parvula Michx. Skullcap. 

Rocky prairies. Southeast (Cowley and Wilson counties) (map 1114). 


Scutellaria resinosa Torr. Skullcap. 

Prairies and plains. North and central part of western half, plus 

Clay county (map 1115). Hemicryptophyte with a woody caudex. 

Stachys ambigua Sm. 

Swamps. Riley county (map 1115a). Hemicryptophyte. Specimens 

key to Stachys pustulosa in R, 

Stachys annua L. 

Waste places, naturalized from Europe. Shawnee county (map 1116). 

Therophyte. 

Stachys palustris L. 

Extreme east (Wyandotte county) (map 1117). 

Stachys tenuifolia Willd. Hedge Nettle. 

Moist ground in rich woods, thickets and roadsides. East third, plus 

Cloud county (map 1118). Hemicryptophyte. 

Teucrium canadense virginicum (L.) Eaton. (Rhod. 35 :395. 1933) Germander, 

Wood Sage. 

Teucrium. canadense (R). 

Woods, thickets, along streams, etc. East three-fourths (map 1119). 


Teucrium laciniatum Torr. 

Melosmon laciniatum (R). 

Plains. Extreme northwest and southwest. (Cheyenne and Morton 


Teucrium occidentale A. Gray. Wood Sage. 

Woods and thickets, etc. Wyandotte, Wabaunsee and Hamilton 


Many mints are in cultivation but have not been found as escapes. 

They include Coleus blumei Benth., Mentha citrata Ehrh., Molucella 

laevis L., Ocimum basilicum L., Ocimum minimum L., Salvia splendens 

Ker., and Satureja hortensis L. (Molucella, a waif near Salina, in 1939. 

John Hancin.) 

Subclass DICOTYLEDONEAE—CALYCIFLORAE 

FAMILY ROSACEAE (Rose Family) 

Agrimonia gryposepala Wallr. Agrimony. 

Rocky open woods and thickets. Elk county (map 1122). Hemicryptophyte. 

Agrimonia parviflora Ait. 

Low open woods, moist thickets, along streams. At least east twothirds, 

not so far west in north as south (map 1123). Hemicryptophyte. 

Agrimonia pubescens Wallr. 

Rocky open woods and thickets. East third (map 1124). Hemicryptophyte. 

Agrimonia rostellata Wallr. 

Rocky slopes in woods and thickets. East seventh (map 1125). 


Cercocarpus montanus Raf. Mountain Mahogany. 

Hills in high plains (map 1126). The flood waters of 1935 spread seeds 

along the flooding Republican river. Nanophanerophyte. 

Fragaria virginiana Duchesne. Wild Strawberry. 

Prairies. East third (map 1127). Hemicryptophyte. 

Fragaria virginiana illinoensis (Prince) Gray. Wild Strawberry. 

Fragaria grayana Yilmorin (R). 

Open places. East half (map 1128). Hemicryptophyte. 

Geum canadense Jacq. 

Rich woods. ?Miami and Washington counties (map 1129). Hemicryptophyte.


Geum canadense camporum (Rydb.) Fernald & Weatherby. 

Woods and prairies. East four-fifths (map 1130). Hemicryptophyte. 

Geum Iaciniatum trichocarpum Fernald. Avens. 

Geum virginianum L. (R). 

Thickets. East (Anderson and Sedgwick counties) (map 1131). 


Geum vernum (Raf.) T. & G. Early Water Avens. 

Moist woods and thickets. Southeast sixth (map 1132). Hemicryptophyte. 

Gillenia stipulata (Muhl.) Trelease. American Ipecac. 

Porteranthus stipvlatus (R) 



Potentilla argentea L. 

Roadsides and waste places. "Kans," fide Rydberg. Hemicryptophyte. 

Potentilla arguta Pursh. 

Drymocallis agrimonioides (Pursh.) (R). 

Prairies and rocky places. East fourth (map 1134). Hemicryptophyte. 

Potentilla nicolletii (S. Wats.) Sheldon. 

Low ground. Riley county (map 1135). 

Potentilla norvegica hirsuta (Michx.) Lehm. 

Potentilla monspeliensis L. (R). 

Rich soil and waste places. East half, mostly northern part (map 

1136). 

Potentilla paradoxa Nutt. 

Low ground. Northeast (Cloud to Wyandotte counties), plus Hamilton 

county (map 1137). 

Potentilla rivalis Nutt. 

River valleys. Riley and Wyandotte counties (map 1138). 

Potentilla rivalis millegrana (Engelm.) Wats. 

Potentilla millegrana (R). 

Waste places. Sheridan, Cloud and Clay counties (map 1139). 

Potentilla rivalis pentandra (Engelm.) Wats. 

Potentilla pentandra (R). 

Bottomland. Riley, Shawnee and Saline counties (map 1140). 

Therophyte. 

Potentilla simplex Michx. Cinquefoil, Five-finger. 

Potentilla canadensis L. (R). 

Rocky open woods and waste ground. East fourth (map 1141). 

Potentilla sulfurea Lam. 

Waste places. Northeast sixth (map 1142). 

Poteridium annuum (Nutt.) Spach. 

Moist places. Extreme southwest (Morton county) (map 1143). 

Therophyte. 

Rosa arkansana Porter, as now understood is a Rocky Mountain species. A Comanche county 

specimen, however, somewhat resembles it. 

Rosa blanda Ait. 

Prairies. Scattered in east half (map 1144). Nanophanerophyte. 

Rosa Carolina L. Pasture Rose. 

Hillsides. Extreme southwest (Cherokee county) (map 1145). Nanophanerophyte. 

Rosa Carolina villosa (Best) Rehder. 

Rosa lyoni Pursh. (R). 

Hillsides. Southeast (Linn and Cherokee counties) (map 1145). 


Rosa conjuncta Rydb. 

Hillsides. Extreme east (Linn county) (map 1146). Nanophanerophyte. 

Rosa pimpinellifolia L. 

Escaped from cultivation. Doniphan and Linn counties (map 1146a). 


Rosa rubifolia R. Br. 

Thickets. East third (map 1147). Nanophanerophyte. 

Rosa rubiginosa L. Sweetbrier. 

Thickets. Riley and Jackson counties (map 1148). 

Rosa rudiuscula Greene. 

Thickets. Lyon county (map 1149). 

Rosa serrulata Raf. 

Hills. Kearny county (KU) (map 1150). Nanophanerophyte. 

Rosa setigera Michx. Prairie Rose, Climbing Rose. 

Thickets. East seventh (map 1151). Nanophanerophyte. 

Rosa subserrulata according to E. J. Palmer is "common in cherty woods in Jasper county, 

Missouri, and undoubtedly extends into Cherokee county," Kansas, but no herbarium 

specimens are known. 

Rosa suffulta Greene. Prairie Rose. 

Prairies and plains. Throughout, but less frequent in southwest (map 

1152). Nanophanerophyte. (Most specimens formerly known as R. 

arkansana.) 

Rosa woodsii Lindl. 

Plains. Western (Rawlins and Hamilton counties) (map 1153). Nanophanerophyte. 

Rubus flagellaris Willd. 

Rub us bailey anus Britton. 

Rubus plicatijolius Blanchard. 

Rubus aboriginum Rydb. 

Open woods and thickets. East third (map 1154). Chamaephyte to 

hemicryptophyte. 

Rubus flagellaris occidualis Bailey. 

Thickets. Saline county (map 1155). 

Rubus hispidus L. 

Damp woods. "Kans," fide Rydberg. Chamaephyte. 

Rubus laciniatus Willd. 

Cultivated in Cherokee county. Hemicryptophyte.


Rubus laudatus Berger. (Probably better considered under Rubus ostryifolius.) 

Thickets. Saline county (map 1156). 

Rubus nigrobaccus Bailey. 

Thickets. Woodson and Leavenworth counties (map 1157). 

Rubus occidentalis L. Black Raspberry. 

Thickets, etc. East two-thirds (map 1158). Nanophanerophyte. 

Rubus odoratus L. Flowering Raspberry. 

Cultivated, sometimes escaping (Rydb.). Nanophanerophyte. 

Rubus ostryifolius Rydb. Blackberry. 

Rubus argutus Link (R). 

Open places. East two-thirds, but mostly east third (map 1159). 


Spiraea salicifolia L. Meadowsweet. 

Escaped from cultivation. "Kans.," fide Rydberg but no specimens. 

Spiraea tomentosa L. 

Wet places. "Kans.," fide Rydberg but no specimens. 

Many species of this family are cultivated in Kansas, but have shown 

no signs of escaping. They include the shrubs Exochorda racemosa 

Kerria japonica, Physocarpus opulijolius, Potentilla fruticosa, Rhodotypos 

kerrioides, Rosa spp., Rubus spp., Sorbaria spp., and Spiraea spp., and 

the garden strawberry, Fragaria chiloensis. 

FAMILY MALACEAE (Apple Family) 

Amelanchier canadensis (L.) Medic. Service Berry, Juneberry. 

Rocky woods and thickets. East fourth (map 1160). Microphanerophyte. 

Amelanchier canadensis nuda Palmer & Steyermark. 

Cherokee county (map 1160). 

Amelanchier humilis Wieg. 

Open ground. Rare in east fifth (map 1161). Nanophanerophyte. 

Amelanchier laevis Wieg. 

Damp soil. Northeast (map 1162). Microphanerophyte. 

Crataegus 10 calpodendron (Ehrh.) Medic. 

Thickets. East fifth (map 1163). Microphanerophyte. 

Crataegus calpodendron hispidula (Sarg.) Palmer. 

Crataegus hispidula Sarg. 

Crataegus spinidosa Sarg. 

Thickets. Southeast (map 1164). 

Crataegus calpodendron obesa (Ashe.) Palmer. 

Crataegus globosa Sarg. (R). 

Thickets. East fourth, especially southeast (map 1165). Microphanerophyte. 

Crataegus coccinoides Ashe. 

Crataegus disjuncta. 

Thickets. Riley and Cherokee counties (map 1166). Microphanerophyte. 

10. Crataegus with the assistance of E. J. Palmer of the Arnold Arboretum. 

Crataegus collina Ell. 

Crataegus macropoda Sarg. 

Crataegus vicina Sarg. 

Thickets. Southeastern (map 1167). 

Crataegus crusgalli L. Cockspur Thorn. 

Thickets. East fourth (map 1168). Microphanerophyte. 

Crataegus discolor Sarg. 

Crataegus rubrijolia Sarg. 

Thickets. Eastern (Franklin and Cherokee counties) (map 1169). 

Crataegus engelmannii Sarg. 

Crataegus munita Sarg (R). 

Thickets and open woods (map 1170). 

Crataegus lanuginosa Sarg. 

Crataegus dasyphylla Sarg. (R). 

Open woods and thickets (map 1171). Microphanerophyte. 

Crataegus mackenzii bracteata (Sarg.) Palmer. 

Crataegus bracteata Sarg. (R). 

Rocky open woods. Southeast (map 1172). Microphanerophyte. 

Crataegus mollis (T. & G.) Scheele. 

Crataegus lasiantha Sarg. 

Open woods and thickets along streams. East third (map 1173). 

Microphanerophyte. 

Crataegus palmeri Sarg. 

Cherokee county (map 1174). 

Crataegus regalis paradoxa (Sarg.) Palmer. 

Prairies and thickets along small streams (map 1175). 

Crataegus stevensiana Sarg. 

Wilson county (map 1176). 

Crataegus succulenta Schrad. Thornapple. 

Crataegus neofluviatilis Ashe. 

Thickets. Ellis and Pottawatomie counties (map 1177). Microphanerophyte. 

Crataegus succulenta pertomentosa (Ashe) Palmer. 

Thickets. Ea'st third (map 1178). 

Crataegus Crataegus viridis furcata L. Sarg. 

Thickets. Southeast (map 1179). 

Malus angustifolia Ait. Crabapple. 

Thickets. "Kans.," fide Rydberg. 

Malus coronaria (L.) Mill. American Crabapple. 

Thickets. 

phanerophyte. 

Eastern (Riley, plus two counties) (map 1180). Micro- 

Malus ioensis (Wood) Bailey. Iowa Crabapple. 

Thickets and woods. Northeast sixth, plus Cherokee and Ellsworth 

counties (map 1181). Microphanerophyte. 

Malus Malus pumila sylvestris Mill. Apple. (L.) Mill. 

Extensively cultivated. Microphanerophyte.

164 


Pyrus communis L. Pear. 

Cultivated, escaping. Saline county. 

Sorbus aucuparia L. 

Cultivated and escaping in Bourbon county. Phanerophyte. 

Among the several cultivated are species of the following genera: 

Amelanchier, Aronia, Chaenomeles, Crataegus, Cydonia, Malus, Pyrus 

and Sorbus. 

FAMILY PRUNACEAE (Plum Family) 

Prunus americana Marsh. Wild Plum. 

Thickets, prairies and river banks. East two-thirds and north part 

of west third (map 1181a). Nano-microphanerophyte. 

A few leafy twigs of what seems to be this species but with leaves 

whose margins suggest elm leaves have been collected in Washington, 

Ellis and Butler counties. Whether they are a hybrid, diseased plants, 

or a new form is not now known. 

Prunus angustifolia Marsh. Chickasaw Plum. 

Including a variety watsoni Waugh (P. watsoni Sarg.), apparently the 

common plant in Kansas, and a variety, varians Wight & Hedr, a stouter 

plant with broader leaves, less inclined to be conduplicate, most frequent 

in the southeastern part of the state. 

Thickets, prairies, especially on sandy soils. Triangle between Seward, 

Jewell and Cherokee counties, plus Sheridan and Cheyenne counties 

(map 1182). Nanophanerophyte. 

Prunus armeniaca L. Apricot. 

Cultivated, seedlings occasionally found wild. Saline county. 

Prunus besseyi Bailey. Sand Cherry. 

Sandhills and prairies. North central sixth (map 1183). Nanophanerophyte. 

Prunus cerasus L. Sour Cherry. 

Cultivated, infrequently escaping. 

Prunus domestica L. Garden Plum. 

Cultivated, sometimes persisting after abandonment. The variety 

insititia occurs as seedlings in a ravine near Salina. 

Prunus gracilis Engelm. & Gray. 

Including Prunus rugosa Rydb. 

Sandy soil. Kearny, Morton, Saline, and Cowley counties (map 


Prunus hortulana Bailey. Plum. 

Thickets. Southeast sixth to Wyandotte county (map 1185). Microphanerophyte. 

Prunus lanata Mack. & Bush. Plum. 

Thickets. North half and southeast sixth (map 1186). Microphanerophyte. 

Prunus mahaleb L. Mahaleb Cherry. 

Cultivated and escaping. Lincoln, Miami, Clay and Lyon counties 


Prunus mexioana S. Wats. Bigtree Plum. 

Rocky open woods and thickets. Southeast (Wilson, Chautauqua, 

Montgomery and Labette counties) (map 1188). Microphanerophyte. 

Prunus munsoniana Wight & Hedr. Wild Goose Plum. 

Thickets and borders of streams. Southeast ninth, plus Rooks county 


Prunus orthosepala Koehne. Plum. 

X Prunus angustifolia watsoni x Prunus americana. 

Thickets, originating in Ellis county, Kansas. Ellis county (map 


Prunus persica Batsch. Peach. 

Cultivated, escaping in Wallace, Mitchell and Saline counties (map 

1191). 

Prunus serotina Ehrh. Black Cherry. 

Prunus virginiana (R) 

Woods. Eastern third (map 1192). Phanerophyte. 

X Prunus slavini Palmer (P. gracilis x P. angustifolia). 

Hybrid. Harvey and Cowley counties, fide E. J. Palmer (map 1193). 

Prunus virginiana L. Chokecherry. 

Prunus nana DuRoi. (R). 

River banks and rocky woods. East half, especially north half of it 


Prunus virginiana melanocarpa (A. Nels.) Sarg. Chokecherry. 

Prunus melanocarpa (R). 

Hills and river banks. West two-thirds (map 1195). Nano-microphanerophyte. 

Species of Prunus frequently albeit exclusively in cultivation include: 

P. avium L. (Mazzard), P. padus L. (European bird cherry), and P. triloba 

Lindl. (Flowering Almond). 

FAMILY MIMOSACEAE (Mimosa Family) 

Acacia angustissima hirta (Nutt.) Robinson. Prairie Acacia. 

Acaciella hirta (R). 

Sandy prairies and plains. Southern border. Chautauqua and Morton 


Desmanthus illinoensis (Michx.) MacM. Prairie Mimosa, Acuan. 

Rocky open ground, thickets and prairies. Throughout, except riverless 

high plains (map 1197). Hemicryptophyte. 

Desmanthus leptolobus T. & G. 

Moist prairies. Extreme southwest and scattered in the central (map 


Prosopis chilensis glandulosa (Torr.) Standley. Mesquite. 

Neltuma glandulosa (R). 

Plains. Extreme south central (Kiowa county) (map 1199). Nanomicrophanerophyte. 

Schrankia uncinata Willd. Sensitive Brier. 

Leptoglottis nuttallii DC. (R). 

Prairies and dry soils. Probably throughout (no specimens from central 

west and extreme northeastern counties) (map 1200). Hemicryptophyte.

164 


FAMILY CASSIACEAE (Cassia Family) 

Cassia marilandica L. Senna. 

Cassia medsgeri of Shafer, but not Linnaean type (R). 

Thickets and open woods. East two-thirds (map 1201). Therophyte 

(biennial). 

Cassia occidentalis L. Coffee Weed. 

Alluvial waste ground. Wyandotte county (map 1202). 

Cassia tora L. 

Waste ground. Wyandotte county in 1896 (map 1203). Therophyte. 

Cercis canadensis L. Redbud, Judastree. 

Woods, thickets, hills and along streams. East two-fifths, cultivated 

farther west (map 1204). Microphanerophyte. 

Chamaecrista fasciculata (Michx.) Greene. Partridge Pea. 

Cassia fasciculata Michx. 

Thickets, rocky hillsides, roadsides and prairies. East two-thirds 

(map 1205). 

Chamaecrista nictitans (L.) Moench. Sensitive Pea. 

Cassia nictitans L. 

Rocky woods and thickets, fields. Southeast twelfth (map 1206). 

Therophyte. 

Chamaecrista rostrata Wooton & Standley. 

Sandy soil. Southwest sixth (map 1206a). 

Gleditsia triacanthos L. Honey Locust. 

Woods especially along streams and ravines. More and more freely 

planted. Originally native in the east half, but planted throughout and 

freely escaping throughout (map 1207). Mesophanerophyte. 

Gleditsia triacanthos f. inermis (Pursh) Fassett. Thornless Honey Locust, 

Woods occasional, but most frequently in cultivation. Throughout. 


Gymnocladus dioica (L.) K. Koch. Kentucky Coffeetree. 

Woods, especially along streams. East half (map 1208). Mesophanerophyte. 

Hoffmanseggia densiflora Benth. 

Larrea densiflora (R). 

Plains. Extreme southwest (Morton county) (map 1209). Hemicryptophyte. 

Hoffmanseggia jamesii T. & G. 

Larrea jamesii (R). 

Plains. West third, east to Barber county (map 1210). Hemicryptophyte. 

FAMILY KRAMEBIACEAE (Krameria Family) 

Krameria secundiflora DC. 

Sandy soil. West (Morton and Thomas counties) (map 1211). Hemicryptophyte. 

FAMILY FABACEAE (Pea or Bean Family) 

Amorpha canescens Pursh. Lead Plant. 

Rocky open woods, prairies, and plains. East three-fourths to Rawlins 

county (map 1212). Nanophanerophyte. 

Amorpha fruticosa L. False Indigo. 

Including the inconstant varieties angustifolia Pursh (A. fragrans Sweet), 

its form latior Fassett, and tennesseensis (Shuttlew.) Palmer. 

Wet ground along streams and about ponds. Very valuable in soil 

erosion projects. Presumably throughout (map 1213) mostly as the 

variety angustifolia. Nano-microphanerophyte. 

Amorpha nana Nutt. 

Prairie hillsides. Riley, Wabaunsee, Geary and Rooks counties (map 


Amphicarpa bracteata (L.) Fernald. Hog Peanut. 

Amphicarpa comosa (L.) (R). 

Thickets. Cherokee county, plus Cloud and Doniphan counties (map 


Amphicarpa bracteata comosa (L.) Fernald. Hog Peanut. 

Amphicarpa pitcheri T. & G. (R). 

Moist woods and thickets. East half, plus Sheridan county (map 


Apios americana Medic. Groundnut. 

Apios tuberosa Moench. (R). 

Thickets along streams. East half, plus Kiowa county (map 1217). 

Root tuber geophyte. At least some specimens from Pottawatomie, 

Riley, Saline and Cherokee counties are the variety, turrigera Fernald. 

Arachis hypogaea L. Peanut. 

Escaped from cultivation. Douglas county (KU). Therophyte. 

Astragalus caespitosus (Nutt.). 

Orophaca caespitosa (R). 

Astragalus triphyllus Pursh. 

Dry gravelly hills. Extreme central west (map 1218). Hemicryptophyte. 

Astragalus canadensis L. Rattleweed, Milk Vetch. 

Open woods, thickets, prairies and plains. East third, plus northwest 

fourth (map 1219). 

Astragalus crassicarpus Nutt. Ground Plum. 

Geoprumnon crassicarpus (R). 

Prairie and plain. Throughout (map 1220). Hemicryptophyte. 

Astragalus distortus T. & G. Milk Vetch. 

Holcophacos distortus (R). 

Rocky prairies. Extreme east (Cherokee and Miami counties) (map 


Astragalus flexuosus Dougl. 

Pisophaca flexuosa (R). 

Dry plains. South central (Harper county) (map 1222). Hemicryptophyte.


Astragalus gracilis Nutt. Milk Vetch. 

Microphacos gracilis (R). 

Plains. West half (map 1223). Hemicryptophyte. 

Astragalus gracilis parviflorus (Pursh) F. C. Gates. Milk Vetch. 

Microphacos parviflorus (R). 

Plains. Third fourth west, or Graham to Barber counties (map 1224). 


Astragalus leptocarpus T. & G. 

Hamosa leptocarpus (R). 

Dry soil. "Kans. (?)," fide Rydberg. Therophyte. 

Astragalus longifolius (Pursh.) Rydb. Rattlepod. 

Phaca longifolia (R). 

Sandhills. West (Finney and Hamilton counties) (map 1225). Hemicryptophyte. 

Astragalus lotiflorus Hook. 

Batidophaca lotiflorus (R). 

Plains and prairies. West three-fourths, plus Woodson county (map 


Astragalus lotiflorus cretaceus (Buckl.) F. C. Gates. 

Batidophaca cretacea (R). 

Prairies. Central (map 1227). 

Astragalus lotiflorus nebraskensis Bates. 

Batidophaca nebraskensis (R). 

Plains. Trego, Rooks and Osborne counties to Scott county (map 


Astragalus missouriensis Nutt. Speedpod. 

Xylophacos missouriensis (R). 

Plains and prairie hills. Mostly west half, but east to Riley county 


Astragalus mollissimus Torr. Woolly Locoweed. 

Prairies and plains. West half (map 1230). Hemicryptophyte. 

Astragalus pectinatus Hook. Milk Vetch. 

Cnemidophacos pectinatus (R). 

Dry plains. West third (map 1231). Hemicryptophyte. 

Astragalus plattensis Nutt. Ground Plum. 

Geoprumnon plattensis (R). 

Prairies and plains. Scattered, but more northward (map 1232). 


Astragalus racemosus Pursh. 

Tium racemosum (R). 

Plains and hills. West half to Cloud county (map 1233). Hemicryptophyte. 

Astragalus mexicanus trichocalyx (Nutt.) Fernald. (Rhod. 39:317. 1937.) 

Ground Plum. 

Geoprumnon trichocalyx (R). 

Prairies. "Kans," fide Rydberg. Southeastern. Hemicryptophyte. 

XBaptisia 11 bicolor Greenman & Larisey (B. minor x B. leucophaea.) Hybrid 

Wild Indigo. 

Rocky prairies. At least Riley and Saline counties (map 1234c). 


Baptisia leucantha T. & G. Wild Indigo. 

Rich prairies. East fourth (map 1234a). Hemicryptophyte. 

Baptisia leucophaea Nutt. Wild Indigo. 

Baptisia bracteata (G), (B. & B.). 

Rocky prairies and open woods. East half, except northwest corner 

of half (map 1234b). Hemicryptophyte. 

Baptisia minor Lehm. Wild Indigo. 

Baptisia australis minor (Lehm.) Fernald. 

Baptisia vespertina Small in R. 

Rocky prairies. East two-thirds, except northwestwards (map 1234) 

Cicer arietinum L. Chick Pea. 

In cultivation, occasionally escaping. Riley and Sheridan counties. 

Crotalaria sagittalis L. Rattlebox. 

Dry or sandy soil. East half, plus Hamilton and Seward counties 


Dalea alopecuroides Willd. 

Parosela alopecuroides (Willd.) Rydb. (R). 

Parosela dalea (L.) Britton. 

Prairies in sandy ground and along rivers. Scattered in east twothirds 


Dalea aurea Nutt. 

Parosela aurea (R). 

Plains and hills. West four-fifths (map 1237). ?Hemicryptophvte. 

Dalea enneandra Nutt. 

Parosela enneandra (Nutt.) Britton. 

Prairies and plains, often abundant. West two-thirds, seldom more 

eastward (map 1238). Hemicryptophyte. 

Dalea jamesii T. & G. 

Parosela jamesii (R). 

Dry plains. Southwest (Stanton and Morton counties) (map 1239). 

?Hemicryptophyte. 

Dalea Janata Spreng. 

Parosela lanata (R). 

Dry soil of high plains. Southwest (Hamilton to Barber counties) 

(map 1240). ?Hemicryptophyte. 

Dalea nana Torr. 

Parosela nana (R). 

Dry soil in plains. Southwest (Hamilton, Finney to Comanche counties) 


Desmodium acuminatum (Michx.) DC. Beggar's Lice, Beggar's Ticks. 

Desmodium grandiflorum (G). 

Meibomia acuminata (R). 

Rocky woods, and hillsides. East half and ? Hamilton county (map 


11. Specimens of Baptisia checked by Maxine Larisey in 1938.


Desmodium bracteosum (Michx.) DC. 

Meibomia bracteosa (R). 

Dry open woods and thickets. Douglas county (map 1243). Hemicryptophyte. 

Desmodium bracteosum longifolium (T. & G.) Robinson. 

Meibomia longijolia (R). 

Dry open woods and thickets. East third (map 1244). Hemicryptophyte. 

Desmodium canadense (L.) DC. Ticktrefoil. 

Meibomia canadensis (R). 

Prairies, rocky hillsides and woods. East third, plus Comanche 


Desmodium 'canescens (L.) DC. 

Meibomia canescens (R). 

Moist ground in thickets and borders of woods. East half (map 


Desmodium canescens hirsutum (Hook.) Robinson. 

Rocky thickets and woods. Atchison, Leavenworth and Greenwood 


Desmodium dillenii Darl. 

Meibomia dillenii (R). 

Rocky open woods and thickets. East third (map 1248). Hemicryptophyte. 

Desmodium illinoense Gray. Ticktrefoil. 

Meibomia illinoensis (R). 

Prairies and rocky open woods. About east four-fifths (map 1249). 


Desmodium nudiflorum (L.) DC. Ticktrefoil. 

Meibomia nudiflora (R). Ticktrefoil. 

Rocky woods. "Kans.," fide Rydberg. 

Desmodium paniculatum (L.) DC. 

Meibomia paniculata (R). 

Including v. pnbens (T. & G.) (M. pubens [T. & G.] Rydb.). 

Woods and thickets. East half (map 1250). Hemicryptophyte. 

Desmodium paucifiorum (Nutt.) DC. 

Meibomia pauciflora (R). 

Rich woods or thickets. "Kans.," fide Rydberg. Hemicryptophyte. 

Desmodium rigidum (Ell.) DC. 

Meibomia rigida (R). 

Rocky and sandy woods and prairies. Chautauqua county (map 


Desmodium sessilifolium (Torr.) T. & G. 

Meibomia sessilijolia (R). 

Rocky open woods, thickets and prairies. East half, plus Hamilton 


Galactia regularis (L.) BSP. Milk Pea. 

Woods and thickets along streams. Chautauqua county (map 1253). 

: 


Galactia volubilis mississippiensis Vail. Milk Pea. 

Galactia mississippiensis (R). 

Rocky or sandy woods and hillsides. Extreme southeast (Cherokee 


Galega officinalis L. 

"Escaped from cultivation—Kans.," fide Rydberg. 

Glycyrrhiza lepidota (Nutt.) Pursh. Liquorice. 

River valleys, prairies, waste ground. Presumably throughout (map 

1255). 

Indigofera leptosepala Nutt. Indigo Plant. 

Dry soil. Extreme southern (Harper to Clark counties) and Rawlins 

and Shawnee counties (map 1256). 

Lathyrus incanus (Smith and Rydb.) Rydb. Vetchling. 

Dry sandy plains. Northwest (Cheyenne and Logan counties) (map 

1257). 

Lathyrus latifolius L. 

Recently escaped along fence row in Leavenworth county. 

Lathyrus pusillus Ell. Vetchling. 

Rocky open woods and ravines. Southeast (Montgomery to Cherokee 

counties) (map 1258). Therophyte. 

Lathyrus stipulaceus (Pursh) Butters & St. John. Vetchling. 

Prairies and plains. Northwest, plus Riley and Geary counties (map 

1259). 

Lathyrus venosus Muhl. presumably the var. intonsus Butters and St. John. 

Bushy Vetch. 

"Kans.," fide Rydberg, no specimens seen. 

Lespedeza capitata Michx. 

Rocky and sandy prairies and open woods. West two-thirds, plus 

Hamilton county (map 1260). Hemicryptophyte. 

Lespedeza hirta (L.) Homem. Hairy Bush Clover. 



Lespedeza intermedia (Wats.) Britton. (Rhod. 26:29. 1924.) 

Lespedeza jrutescens (L.) (R). 

Rocky open woods and thickets. Linn and Wyandotte counties (map 


Lespedeza manniana Mack. & Bush. 

Barrens or open rocky woods. Pottawatomie county (map 1263). 


Lespedeza nuttallii Darl. 

Rocky thickets. Chase arid Shawnee counties (map 1264). Hemicryptophyte. 

Lespedeza procumbens Michx. Bush Clover. 

Dry rocky woods. Chautauqua county (map 1265). 

Lespedeza repens (L.) Bart. Bush Clover. 

Rocky or sandy open woods. East third (map 1266). Hemicryptophyte.

164 


Lespedeza striata (Thunb.) H. & A. Japan Clover. 

Cultivated and escaped along roads and in rocky open woods. East 


Lespedeza stuvei Nutt. 

Dry open woods, thickets and prairies. Southeast fourth (map 1268). 

.Hemicry ptophy te. 

Lespedeza violacea (L.) Pers. Bush Clover. 

Rocky or dry open woods, thickets, and rocky prairies. East third 

(map 1269). 

Lespedeza virginica (L.) Britton. Bush Clover. 

Rocky or dry open woods, thickets and prairies. Southeast fourth, 

plus Wyandotte and Dickinson counties (map 1270). 

Lotus americanus (Nutt.) Bisch. 

Acmispon americanus (R). 

Hosackia americanus (Nutt.) Piper (G), (B. & B.). 

Prairies, especially in sandy soil. Central and eastern Kansas, east 

and west of the flint hills region, south of glaciated area (map 1271). 

Therophyte. 

Lupinus plattensis S. Wats. Lupine. 

Plains and hills. "Kans," fide Rydberg. Hemicryptophyte. 

Lupinus pusillus Pursh. Low Lupine. 

Plains, especially in sandy places. West third (map 1272). Therophyte. 

Medicago lupulina L. Nonesuch, Black Medick. 

Lawns, fields and waste places. East three-fourths, spreading in 

recent years (map 1273). Therophyte. 

Medicago sativa L. Alfalfa. 

Commonly cultivated and escaping. Throughout (map 1274). Hemicryptophyte. 

Melilotus alba Desf. White Sweetclover. 

Roadsides, railways, fields, and waste places. Presumably throughout 


Melilotus officinalis (L.) Lam. Yellow Sweetclover. 

Roadsides, fields and waste places. At least east four-fifths (map 

1276). Therophyte (biennial). 

Oxytropis lambertii Pursh. Stemless Loco, Locoweed. 

Including Oxytropis involuta (A. Nelson). (R.) and Kansas specimens 

labeled Oxytropis dispar (A. Nels.) and Oxytropis pinetorum (Heller). 

Oxytropis plattensis Nutt. 

Plains and prairies. West three-fourths (map 1277). Hemicryptophyte. 

Petalostemum candidum Michx. White Prairie Clover. 

Prairies and rocky hillsides. Just over east half plus Seward county 


Petalostemum compactum (Spreng.) Swezey. Prairie Clover. 

Sand hills on the plains. Southwest (Grant and Stevens counties) 


Petalostemum multiflorum Nutt. Prairie Clover. 

Rocky prairies and plains. Essentially throughout (map 1280). 


Petalostemum occidentale (Gray) Fernald. (Rhodora 39:28. 1937.) Prairie 

Clover. 

Petalostemum oligophyllum (Torr.) Rydb. 

Prairies, plains and canyons. Essentially throughout (map 1281). 


Petalostemum porterianum Small. Prairie Clover. 

Plains. Morton and Stevens counties in southwest and apparently 

also Edwards and Saline counties (map 1282). Hemicryptophyte. 

Petalostemum pulcherrimum A. Heller. Prairie Clover. 

"Kans," fide Rydberg, but specimen is from northeastern Oklahoma. 

Petalostemum purpureum (Vent.) Rydb. Prairie Clover. 

Prairies, plains and hills. Probably throughout, but infrequent in 

west fifth (map 1283). Hemicryptophyte. A few northwestern specimens 

(Cheyenne, Decatur, Thomas and Sheridan counties) suggest P. 

molle Rvdb. and several eastern specimens (Saline to Marshall to Wyandotte 

counties) (map 1283a) are f. pubescens (Gray) Fassett. 

Petalostemum stansfieldii Small. Prairie Clover. 

Plains. (Finney county) (map 1284). Hemicryptophyte. 

Petalostemum tenuifolium A. Gray. Prairie Clover. 

Plains. Southwest (Hamilton and Morton counties) (map 1285). 


Petalostemum tenue (Coult.) A. Heller. Prairie Clover. 

Dry soil. "Kans," fide Rydberg. Hemicryptophyte. 

Petalostemum villosum Nutt. Prairie Clover. 

Sandy hills, railway ballast eastward. North central and southwest 

and south central, plus Wyandotte county (RR) (map 1286). Hemicryptophyte. 

Psoralea argophylla Pursh. Psoralea. 

Psoralidium argophyllum (R). 

Prairies and plains. Essentially throughout, less frequent in southwest 

and extreme southeast (map 1287). Hemicryptophyte. 

Psoralea cuspidata Pursh. 

Pediomelum cuspidatxtm (R). 

Sandy soil. West half (map 1288). ?Hemicryptophyte. 

Psoralea digitata Nutt. 

Psoralidium digitatum (R). 

Sandy prairies and plains. Southwest and south central sixths plus 

Wyandotte county (RR) (map 1289). Hemicryptophyte. 

Psoralea esculenta Pursh. Pomme de Prairie, Pomme Blanche, Indian Breadroot. 

Pediomelum esculentum (R). 

Prairies and plains. Throughout, except southwest and northeast 

glaciated area (map 1290). Geophyte. 

Psoralea floribunda Nutt. 

Psoralidium floribundum (R). 

Prairies and valleys. East half, plus Logan county (map 1291). 


Psoralea hypogaea Nutt. Small Indian Breadroot. 

Pediomelum hypogaeum (R). 

High plains. Finney county (map 1291a). Geophyte. 

14—1646


Psoralea lanceolata Pursh. 

Including Psoralea micranthum A. Gray. 

Psoralidium lanceolatum and Psoralidium micranthum (R). 

Sandy plains. Irregularly nearly throughout (map 1292). Hemicryptophyte. 

Psoralea linearifolia T. & G. 

Psoralidium linearifolium (R). 

Plains and hills. West third (map 1293). Hemicryptophyte. 

Psoralea psoralioides eglandulosa (Ell.) Freeman. (Rhod. 39:426. 1937.) 

Psoralea pedunculata (Mill.) Vail. 

Orbexilum pedunculatum (R). 

Open rocky woods and prairies. Extreme southeast (Cherokee 


Psoralea tenuiflora Pursh. 

Psoralidium tenuiflorum (R). 

Prairies and plains. Throughout, but commoner in west two-thirds 


Robinia hispida L. Rose or Bristly Acacia or Locust. 

In cultivation, seldom escaping. Riley county (cult.), Atchison and 

Douglas counties (escaped) (map 1296). Nanophanerophyte. 

Robinia pseudoacacia L. Black Locust. 

Naturalized and frequently planted. Throughout, but less frequent 

westward (map 1297). Mesophanerophyte. 

Sesban macrocarpa Muhl. 

Escaped from cultivation. Riley and Wyandotte counties (map 1298). 

Therophyte. 

Sophora sericea Nutt. Silky Sophora. 

Dry prairies and plains. Mostly west half, but east to Saline and 

Woodson counties (map 1299). Hemicryptophyte. 

Strophostyles helvola (L.) Britton. Wild Bean. 

Sandy and rocky woods and thickets. East half approximately and 

west to Kiowa county in the south (map 1300). Vine. 

Strophostyles helvola missouriensis (Wats.) Britton. Wild Bean. 

Strophostyles missouriensis (R). 

Moist alluvial and sandy woods and thickets. Northeast sixth (map 

1301). Also Crawford county. Vine. 

Strophostyles leiosperma (T. & G.) Piper. Wild Bean. 

Sandy soil and on river banks. Throughout, except perhaps the northwest 

corner (map 1302). Vine. 

Stylosanthes biflora (L.) BSP. Pencil Flower. 

Rocky open woods or sandy soil. Southeast twelfth (map 1303). 


Tephrosia leucosericea (Rydb.) Cory. 

Cracca leucosericea Rydb. 

Sandy or rocky open woods and prairies. Central third (Clay to 

Kiowa to Chautauqua counties) (map 1304). 

Tephrosia virginiana (L.) Pers. Catgut, Goat's Rue. 

Cracca virginiana L. (R). 

Rocky open woods and prairies. East third (map 1305). 

Thermopsis rhombifolia (Nutt.) Richards. 

Sandy places. "Kans.," (NW) fide B. & B. 2d. Hemicryptophyte. 

Trifolium aureum Poll. Yello Clover. 

Fields and waste places, naturalized from Europe. "Kans.," fide 

Rydberg. 

Trifolium carolinianum Michx. 

Rocky ravines and waste places. Extreme southeast (Cherokee 


Trifolium dubium Sibth. Little Hop Clover. 

Waste places, naturalized from Europe. Neosho county (map 1307). 

Trifolium hybridum L. Alsike Clover. 

Roadsides and waste ground. Escaped from cultivation. East third 

(map 1308). 

Trifolium incarnatum L. Crimson Clover. 

Fields and waste ground. In cultivation, rare. Therophyte. 

(Trifolium medium L. Zigzag Clover. 

Adventive from Europe. Credited to Kansas in Rydberg, but specimens seen all 

Trifolium pratense. Hemicryptophyte.) 

Trifolium pratense L. Red Clover. 

Fields, meadows, roadsides and waste ground. East half, plus Ellis 

and Sheridan counties (map 1309). Introduced. Hemicryptophyte. 

Trifolium procumbens L. Low Hop Clover. 

Fields and waste places, naturalized from Europe. Cowley and 

Cherokee counties (map 1310). 

Trifolium reflexum L. Buffalo Clover. 

Waste rocky ground. Extreme southeast (Cherokee county) (map 


Trifolium reflexum glabrum Lojacono. 

Waste rocky ground. East fourth, plus Republic county (map 1311). 

Trifolium repens L. White or Dutch Clover. 

Lawns, fields and waste places. Mostly east half (map 1312). Introduced. 


Trifolium resupinatum L. 

Introduced in Riley and Saline counties (map 1313). 

Trifolium stoloniferum Muhl. Running Buffalo Clover. 

Open woods and prairies. Miami county Oyster 1513, Linn countv 

(map 1314). 

Vicia americana Muhl. Vetch. 

Open woods and thickets. East half (map 1315). Hemicryptophyte. 

Vicia caroliniana Walt. Vetch. 

Open woods and river banks. "Kans.," fide Rydberg. Vine. 

Vicia ludoviciana Nutt. Vetch. 

Open rocky woods and along rivers. "Kans.," fide Rydberg. Vine. 

Vicia oregana Nutt. Vetch. 

Meadows. Except the southeast sixth (map 1316). Vine. 

Vicia sativa L. Spring Vetch. 

Escaped from cultivation. Wyandotte county (map 1317). Therophyte.


Vicia sparsifolia Nutt. Vetch. 

Prairies and plains. Scattered (map 1318). Hemicryptophyte 

Vicia trifida Dietr. (? really V. oregana form ?) Vetch. 

Wet meadows. Cloud, Rooks and Logan counties. Hemicryptophyte. 

Vicia villosa Roth. Winter Vetch. 

Fields and waste places, escaped from cultivation. Scattered in east 

third (map 1319). Therophyte. (Sometimes mistaken for V. cracca L.) 

Among the many legumes most frequently in cultivation in Kansas are: 

TREES: Cladrastis lutea (Michx. f.) Koch, American Yellowwood; Sophora 

japonica L., Pagodatree. 

SHRUBS: Caragana arborescens Lam, Siberian Pea; Colutea arborescens 

L, Bladder Senna; Cytisus capitatus, Scotch Broom; Lespedeza formosa 

Koehne; Lespedeza japonica Bailey; Robinia viscosa Vent. Clammy Locust. 

LIANAS: Pueraria thunbergiana Benth., Kudzu Vine; Wisteria frutescens 

(L.) Poir and Wisteria macrostachya Nutt, Wisteria. 

VINES: Canavalia ensijormis DC, Jack Bean; Dolichos lablab L, Hyacinth 

Bean; Glycine max (L.) Merr, Soy Bean; Mucuna sp.; Phaseolus vulgaris 

and other species, Beans; Pis-urn sativum L, Garden Pea; Vicia spp. Vetch; 

Vigna sesquipedalis W. F. Wight, Asparagus or Yardlong Bean; Vigna sinensis 

(L.) Endl, Cowpea. 

HERBS: Hedysarum boreale Nutt. 

FAMILY SAXIFRAGACEAE (Saxifrage Family) 

Heuchera richardsonii grayana Rosendahl, Butters & Lakela. Alumroot. 

Heuchera hispida Pursh. (R). 

Rocky open woods. East fifth (map 1320). Hemicryptophyte. 

FAMILY' HY'DRANGEACEAE (Hydrangea Family) 

Shrubs including Itea virginica L. and various species of Hydrangea and 

Philadelphus (mock orange) are found only in cultivation. 

FAMILY GROSSULARIACEAE: (Gooseberry Family) 

Ribes missouriense Nutt. Missouri Gooseberry. 

Grossularia missouriensis (R). 

Woodlands along streams. East half to Osborne county (map 1321). 


Ribes odoratum Wendl. Flowering Currant. 

Chrysobotrya odorata (R). 

At least west four-fifths, introduced eastwards (map 1322). Nanophanerophyte. 

Additional species of Ribes in cultivation include Ribes americanum 

Mill, Ribes grossularia L, Ribes nigrum L, and Ribes sativum Syme. 

FAMILY CRASSTJLACEAE (Orpine Family) 

Penthorum sedoides L. Ditch Stonecrop. 

Ditches and swamps and low wet woods. East half and Rooks county 

(map 1323). Hemicryptophyte. A peculiar form in Geary county. 

Sedum nuttallianum Raf. Stonecrop. 

Dry ground. Southeast (Chautauqua and Montgomery counties) 



Sedum pulchellum Michx. Stonecrop. 

Rocky soil. Southeast triangle Linn to Chautauqua counties (map 


- Sedum triphyllum (Haw.) S. F. Gray. Stonecrop. 

Fields and roadsides. Escaped in Leavenworth and Rooks counties, 

cultivated elsewhere (map 1326). Hemicryptophyte. 

FAMILY HAMAMELIDACEAE (Witch Hazel Family) 

Occasionally cultivated are the shrub, Hamamelis virginiana L, (Witch 

Hazel) and Liquidambar styraciflua L. Sweetgum. 

FAMILY PLATANACEAE (Sycamore Family) 

Platanus acerifolia Willd. London Planetree. 

Occasionally planted as a shade tree. Mesophanerophyte. 

Platanus occidentalis L. Sycamore. 

Woods and along streams and planted as a shade tree in towns. East 

half (map 1327). Mesophanerophyte. A Douglas and a Leavenworth 

county specimen are f. attenuata Sarg. 

FAMILY LYTHRACEAE (Loosestrife Family) 

Ammannia auriculata Willd. Ammania. 

Ditches, muddy margins of ponds and slow streams. Scattered in 

east six-sevenths (map 1328). Therophyte. 

Ammannia coccinea Rottb. Toothcup. 

Ditches, muddy margins of ponds and slow streams. East six-sevenths 


Cuphea petiolata (L.) Koehne. Blue Waxweed. 

Hillsides or on dry soil. Southeast (Miami to Labette counties) (map 


Decodon verticillatus (L.) Ell. Swamp Loosestrife. 

Swamps. "Kans," fide Rydberg. Helophyte. 

Lythrum alatum Pursh. Winged Loosestrife. 

Wet prairies and alluvial margins of ponds and small streams. Probably 

throughout, except perhaps the northwest (map 1331). Hemicryptophyte. 

Lythrum lineare L. 

Salt meadows. "Kans," fide Rydberg. Hemicryptophyte. 

Peplis diandra Nutt. Water Purslane. 

Didivlis diandra (R). 

Borders of ponds and ditches or in shallow water. Jackson and Saline 


Rotala ramosior interior Fernald & Griscom. Toothcup, Rotala. 

Wet places. Scattered in east half (map 1333). Therophyte. 

FAMILY MELASTOMACEAE (Meadow Beauty Family) 

Rhexia interior Pennell. Meadow Beauty. 

Moist sandy soil. Extreme southeast (Cherokee county) (map 1334) 

Hemicryptophyte.

164 


FAMILY OENOTHERACEAE (Evening Primrose Family) 

Circaea latifolia Hill. Enchanter's Nightshade. 

Circaea lutetiana L. (R). 

Rich woods. East third (map 1335). Hemicryptophyte. 

Epilobium coloratum Muhl. Willowherb. 

Wet ground along streams.- Scattered (Northwest, central and northeast) 

(map 1336). Includes specimens previously recorded as Epilobium 

adenocaulon. Hemicryptophyte. 

Epilobium lineare Muhl. 

Swamps. Scattered, central (map 1337). Hemicryptophyte. 

Epilobium strictum Muhl. 

Wet meadows. "Kans.," fide Rydberg. Hemicryptophyte. 

Gaura biennis pitcheri T. & G. Butterfly weed. 

Prairies. East half and Sherman county (map 1338). Therophyte 

(biennial). The species is credited to Kansas in Rydb., but all the 

specimens seen are easily referable to the variety. 

Gaura coccinea Nutt. Butterflyweed. 

Plains and prairie. West two-thirds (map 1339). Therophyte (biennial). 

Gaura coccinea glabra (Lehm.) Munz. 

Gaura glabra (R). 

Dry plains and prairies. West fourth (map 1340). 

Gaura coccinea parvifolia (Torr.) Rickett. 

Gaura parvifolia (R). 

Dry hills and plains. West half (map 1341). Hemicryptophyte. 

Gaura michauxii Spach. 

Dry fields. "Kans.," fide Rydberg. 

Gaura parviflora Dougl. Butterflyweed. 

Dry plains and prairies. Probably throughout, except perhaps southeast 


Gaura sinuata Nutt. 

Dry soil. "Kans.," fide Rydberg. 

Gaura villosa Torr. 

Plains and prairies. Southwest sixth (map 1343). 

Jussiaea diffusa Forsk. Floating Primrosewillow. 

Shallow water and on muddy banks. South two-thirds of east half 

(map 1344). Usually helophyte. 

Ludwigia alternifolia L. False Loosestrife, Seedbox. 

Swamps and shallow water. East half (map 1345). Helophyte (or 

hemicryptophyte). 

Ludwigia glandulosa Walt. 

Swamps. Extreme southeast (Cherokee county) (map 1346). Helophyte 

(or hemicryptophyte). 

Ludwigia natans stipitata Fern. 

Swamps. Southern (Cowley county) (map 1346a on Plate 80). 

Ludwigia palustris americana (DC.) Fernald & Griscom. Marsh Purslane. 

Isnardia palustris (R). 

Borders of slow streams, ponds and ditches. East two-thirds (map 

1347). 


Ludwigia polycarpa Short & Peter. False Loosestrife. 

Swamps. Eastern (Jackson, Cloud and Linn counties) (map 1348). 

Helophyte (or hemicryptophyte). 

Oenothera albicaulis Pursh. White Evening Primrose. 

Anogra albicaidis (R). Including Anogra perplexa Rydb. 

Hillsides, plains and in sandy soil. West fourth (map 1349). Therophyte 

(biennial). 

Oenothera biennis L. Evening Primrose. 

Fields, thickets and waste ground. Throughout (map 1350). 

Oenothera brachycarpa A. Gray. Evening Primrose. 

Megapterium brachycarpum (R). 

High plains. Extreme west, Hamilton county (map 1351). Hemicryptophyte. 

Oenothera canescens Torr. 

Gaurella canescens (R). 

Plains and prairies. West third and Chautauqua county (map 1352). 


Oenothera coronopifolia T. & G. White Evening Primrose. 

Anogra coronopifolia (R). 

Prairies and plains. Extreme western tier of counties and Harper 


Oenothera fremontii S. Wats. Evening Primrose. 

Megapterium fremontii (R). 


Oenothera greggii A. Gray. 

(Flowers like var. typica while leaves are var. lampasana = Galpinsia interior 

Small.) 

Plains. Extreme southwest (Morton county) (map 1355). Hemicryptophyte. 

Oenothera hartwegii fendleri A. Gray. 

Galpinsia fendleri (R). 

Rocky soil. Central (Ellis, Barber and Ford counties) (map 1356). 


Oenothera hookeri T. & G. Evening Primrose. 

Valleys. Southwest fourth (map 1357). 

Oenothera laciniata Hill. Evening Primrose. 

Fields, prairies, roadsides and waste ground. East two-thirds and 

northwest (map 1358). Therophyte. 

Oenothera laciniata grandiflora (Wats.) Robinson. Evening Primrose. 

Oenothera grandis (Britton) (R). 

Sandy soils of prairies, roadsides and waste ground. West threefourths 


Oenothera latifolia (Rydb.) Munz. White Evening Primrose. 

Anogra latifolia (R). 

Sandy soil. West two-fifths (map 1360). Hemicryptophyte. 

Oenothera lavandulaefolia T. & G. 

Galpinsia lavandulaefolia (R). 


214


Oenothera linifolia Nutt. Sundrops. 

Peniophyllum linijolium (R). 

Prairies, dry soils. Southeast twelfth (map 1362). Therophyte. 

Oenothera missouriensis Sims. Missouri Evening Primrose. 

Megapterium missouriense (R). 

Rocky prairies. East two-thirds (map 1363). Hemicryptophyte. 

Oenothera missouriensis f. elongata F. C. Gates. (Trans. Kan. Acad Sci 42- 

137. 1939 (1940). 

Rocky prairie. Geary county (map 1363a). Type (F. C. Gates 18668, 

Oct. 3, 1935) from Geary county in the herbarium of Kansas State College. 

Oenothera missouriensis incana Torr. 

Megapterium argophyllum R. R. Gates (R). 

Dry gravelly hills. Central, especially east central (map 1364). 


Oenothera missouriensis oklahomensis (Norton) Munz. (Amer. Jour. Bot. 17.) 

Megapterium oklahomense (R). 

Hillsides and plains. South central (Barber county) (map 1365). 


Oenothera perennis L. Sundrops. 

Kneiffia perennis (R). 

Mostly alluvial ground. "Kans.," fide Rydberg. 

Oenothera rhombipetala Nutt. Evening Primrose. 

Sandy prairies. Central (map 1366). 

Oenothera serrulata Nutt. 

Meriolix serrulata (R). 

MerioUx intermedia Rydb. (R). (The irregularly larger flowered and/or 

leaved more eastern plant in Kansas.) 

Fields, prairies and plains. Probably throughout, but infrequent in 

extreme east (map 1367). 

Oenothera serrulata drummondii T. & G. 

Meriolix melanoglottis Rydb. (R). 

Dry soil. "Kans," fide Rydberg, but not north of Texas fide Munz. 

Oenothera serrulata oblanceolata (Rydb.) F. C. Gates. 

Meriolix oblanceolata (R). 

Pratt, Kan. (J. N. Rose & Wm. R. Fitch 17156 in U. S. N. M.) and 

Reno county (map 1368). 

Oenothera spachiana T. & G. Sundrops. 

Kneiffia spachiana (R). 

Sandy soil. "Kans," fide Rydberg. 

Oenothera speciosa Nutt, White Evening Primrose. 

Hartmannia speciosa (R). 

Plains and prairies. East two-thirds, plus Sheridan county (map 


Oenothera strigosa (Rydb.) Mack. & Bush. Evening Primrose. 

Fields, prairies, waste grounds. Possibly throughout, less frequent 

towards northwest (map 1370). Therophyte (biennial). 

Oenothera triloba Nutt. 

Lavauxia triloba (R). 

Limestone ravines, prairies and waste ground. Scattered in east twothirds 


Oenothera triloba watsoni (Britton) F. C. Gates. 

Lavauxia watsonii (R). 

Plains. Scattered in central (Trego to Wilson counties) (map 1372). 

Therophyte. 

Stenosiphon linifolius (Nutt.) Britton. 

Dry prairies and plains. Probably throughout (map 1373). Hemicryptophyte. 

FAMILY HAI.ORAGIDACEAE 

Myriophvllum exalbescens Fernald. Water Milfoil. 

Ponds and slow streams. Northwest (Decatur and Sheridan counties) 

(map 1374). Hydrophyte. Specimens usually identified as M. spicatwm L. 

Mvriophyllum heterophyllum Michx. Water Milfoil. 

Ponds and slow streams. North central (Trego, Mitchell and Riley 

counties) (map 1375). Hydrophyte. 

Myriophyllum pinnatum (Walt.) BSP. Water Milfoil. 

Ponds, ditches and muddy shores. Central, scattered (map 1376). 

Hydrophyte. 

Myriophyllum proserpinacoides Gill. Water Feather. 

In an abandoned spring in Saline county (map 1377). Hydrophyte. 

A Chilean species often cultivated in pools and aquaria. 

FAMILY ARISTOLOCHIACEAE 

Aristolochia maorophylla Lam. Dutchman's Pipe. 

"Kans," fide Rydberg. Specimens are all Aristolochia tomentosa, however. 

Aristolochia serpentaria L. 

Rich woods. Extreme southeast (Cherokee county) (map 1378). 


Aristolochia tomentosa Sims. Pipe Vine, Dutchman's Pipe. 

Woods. Southeast (Chautauqua to Cherokee counties) (map 1379). 

Liana. 

Asarum canadense L. Wild Ginger. 

Rich woods. Wyandotte and Leavenworth counties (map 1380). 


Asarum canadense reflexum (Bicknell.) Robinson. Wild Ginger. 

Rich woods. Extreme east (map 1381). Hemicryptophyte. 

FAMILY CACTACEAE (Cactus Family) 

Echinocereus caespitosus Engelm. & Gray. Hedgehog Cactus. 

Plains. "Kans," fide Rydberg. Stem succulent. 

Echinocereus viridiflorus Engelm. Hedgehog Cactus. 

Plains and hills. Southwest three counties (map 1382). Stem succulent. 

Neomamillaria missouriensis (Sweet) Britton & Rose. Ball or Nipple Cactus. 

Plains and hills. Scattered in central to Wabaunsee county (map 

1383). Stem succulent.


Neomamillaria radiosa (Engelm.) Rydb. 

Plains. Edwards and Ellsworth counties (map 1384). Stem succulent. 

Neomamillaria similis (Engelm.) Britton & Rose. 

Plains. Saline and Wilson counties (map 1385). Stem succulent. 

Neomamillaria vivipara (Nutt.) Britton & Rose. 

Plains. West three-fifths (map 1386). Stem succulent. 

Opuntia camanchica Engelm. 

Plains and hillsides. Saline and Sedgwick counties (map 1386a). 

Stem succulent. 

Opuntia fragilis (Nutt.) Haw. 

Plains and hills. West half (map 1387). Stem succulent. 

Opuntia humifusa Raf. Prickly Pear. 

Sandy soil. Throughout except the glaciated northeast (map 1388). 

Stem succulent. 

Opuntia imbricata (Haw.) Engelm. Tree Cactus. 

Opuntia arborescens Engelm. (B. & B.). 

Foothills and plains. Native in Decatur county and often cultivated 

in western Kansas (map 1389). Stem succulent. 

Opuntia macrorrhiza Engelm. Prickly Pear. 

Plains and prairies. Scattered (map 1390). Stem succulent. 

Opuntia polyacantha Haw. 

Plains and prairies. West third (and Shawnee county [cult.]) (map 

1391). Stem succulent. 

Opuntia tortispina Engelm. 

Hills. Woodson and Saline counties (map 1392). Stem succulent. 

Pediocactus simpsoni (Engelm.) Britton & Rose. 

Mesas and plains. "W. Kans.," fide Rydberg. Stem succulent. 

FAMILY LOASACEAE (Loasa Family) 

Mentzelia decapetala (Pursh) Urban & Gilg. Sand Lily, Nuttallia. 

Nuttallia decapetala (R). 

Plains and hills. West half (map 1393). ?Therophyte (biennial). 

Mentzelia nuda (Pursh) T. & G. 

Nuttallia nuda (R). 

Gravelly hillsides. Southwest (Hamilton and Seward counties) (map 

1394). 

Mentzelia oligosperma Nutt. Stickleaf. 

Rocky hillsides. Several counties in east half and a few in west half 


Mentzelia stricta (Osterhout) Stevens ex Jeff. & Little. Sand Lily, Nuttallia. 

Nuttallia stricta (R). 

Plains and hills. West half (map 1396). Hemicryptophyte. 

FAMILY CUCURBITACEAE (Gourd Family) 

Cucurbita foetidissima H. B. K. Missouri Gourd. 

Pepo foetidissima (R). 

Plains, prairies, waste ground and along roads and railways. West 

four-fifths, plus Leavenworth and Wyandotte counties (map 1397). 

Hemicryptophyte with large taproot. 

Cyclanthera dissecta (T. & W.) Arn. 

Woods and thickets. West half (map 1398). Therophytic climber. 

Echinocystis lobata (Michx.) T. & G. Balsam Apple. 

Micrampelis lobata (R). 

Alluvial soil. East two-thirds, plus Sheridan county (map 1399). 

Therophytic vine. 

Sicyos angulatus L. Bur or Star Cucumber. 

Alluvial woods and thickets. East half (map 1400). Therophytic 

vine. 

The watermelon (Citrullus vulgaris Schrad.), muskmelon (Cucumis 

melo L.), cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.), 

and the gourd (Lagenaria vulgaris Ser.), are often found growing for a 

season on dumps, waste ground, along roads and in picnic spots. 

FAMILY RHAMNACEAE (Buckthorn Family) 

Ceanothus americanus L. New Jersey Tea. 

Rocky hillside prairies and woods. East third (map 1401). Nanophanerophyte. 

Ceanothus ovatus Desf. New Jersey Tea. 

Sandy or rocky hillside prairies and plains. East two-thirds, plus 

Morton county (map 1402). Chamae-nanophanerophyte. 

Ceanothus ovatus pubescens T. & G. New Jersey Tea. 

Sandy or rocky hillside prairies. East two-thirds (map 1403). 

Chamae-nanophanerophyte. 

Rhamnus caroliniana Walt. Carolina Buckthorn. 

Woods and thickets along streams. "Kans.," fide Rydberg. Nanomicrophanerophyte. 

Rhamnus lanceolata Pursh. Buckthorn. 

Rocky open woods or thickets usually along streams. East half (map 


Cultivated species belonging to this family include the following 

shrubs or small trees: Rhamnus. cathartica L. and R. frangula, buckthorns, 

and Ziziphus jujuba, the jujube. 

FAMILY VITACEAE (Grape Family) 

Ampelopsis cordata Michx. False Grape. 

Open woods, thickets and river banks. East half with scattered 

counties in west half (map 1405). High liana. 

Cissus incisa (Nutt.) Des Moulins. 

Rocky ledges and sandy shores. Southeast (Chautauqua county) 

(map 1406). ?Therophyte. 

Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.) Planch. Virginia Creeper. 

Psedera quinquefolia (R). 

Open woods, thickets, and rocky hillsides. East half, plus Rush and 

Hamilton counties (map 1407). Liana. 

Parthenocissus quinquefolia hirsuta (Donn.) Planch. 

Psedera hirsuta (R). 

Rocky open woods and thickets. Scattered in east two-fifths (map 

1408). Liana.

164 


Parthenocissus vitacea (Knerr) Hitchc. 

Psedera vitacea (R). 

Open woods and thickets along streams. Scattered, but mostly east 

half (map 1409). Liana. 

Vitis aestivalis Michx. Summer Grape, Wild Grape. 

Thickets and rocky places. Northeast (Brown to Leavenworth counties) 


Vitis cinerea Engelm. Winter Grape. 

Alluvial woods and-thickets. East two-fifths plus (?) Norton county 


Vitis cordifolia Michx. Frost Grape. 

Along streams in woods and thickets. East third (map 1412). Liana. 

A form, some or most of whose leaves are 5-lobed has been collected in 

Riley and Pottawatomie counties. 

Vitis lincecumii glauca Munson. Wild Grape. 

Vitis bicolor Le Conte. 

Woods and on river banks. Extreme east (map 1413). Liana. 

Vitis longii Prince. Wild Grape. 

Sandy soil. Southwest fourth, plus Rawlins county (map 1414). 


Vitis rotundifolia Michx. Muscadin Grape. 

Muscadinia rotundifolia (Michx.) (R). 

"Kans," fide Rydberg, but no Kansas specimens known. 

Vitis vulpina L. Riverbank Grape. 

Alluvial woods and thickets along streams. Throughout, except probably 

southwest (map 1415). Liana. 

FAMILY CELASTRACEAE (Stafftree Family) 

Celastrus scandens L. Climbing Bittersweet. 

Woods, thickets and fencerows. East two-thirds (map 1416). Liana. 

Euonymus americanus L. Strawberrybush. 

Low woods along streams. Coffey county (map 1416a). 

Euonymus atropurpureus Jacq. Wahoo, Burningbush. 

Woods and thickets along streams. East half (map 1417). Nanomicrophanerophyte. 

_ Species of Euonymus in cultivation include: E. alatus Reg. (winged 

spindletree), E. europaeus L. (European spindletree), and E. radicans 

vegetus Rehd. 

FAMILY ILICACEAE (Holly Family) 

Ilex decidua Walt. Holly, Winterberry. 

Low wood and thickets. Southeast twelfth, west to Sumner county 


FAMILY STAPHYLEACEAE (Bladdernut Family) 

Staphylea trifolia L. Bladdernut. 

Staphylea trijoliata (R). 

Woods and thickets along streams. East third (map 1419). Nanomicrophanerophyte. 

FAMILY ELAEAGNACEAE (Oleaster Family) 

Elaeagnus angustifolia L. Russian Olive. 

Cultivated throughout, but sometimes escaping. Scattered, mostly 

northern (map 1420). Microphanerophyte. 

Elaeagnus argentea (Nutt.) A. Nelson. Buffaloberry. 

Shepherd.ia argentea (R). 

River banks. Finney county, cultivated formerly in Riley county 


FAMILY SANTALACEAE (Sandalwood Family) 

Comandra pallida A. DC. Bastard Toadflax. 

Prairies, rocky hillsides and plains. Scattered in northern half, plus 

Reno and Morton counties (map 1422). Hemicryptophyte, often hemiparasitic 

(see paper by T. E. Brooks, Trans. Kan. Acad. Sci. 40:65-66. 

1937). 

Comandra richardsoniana Fernald. Bastard Toadflax. 

Dry rocky woods. Northeast twelfth and east sixth (map 1423). 

Hemicryptophyte, often hemiparasitic. 

FAMILY LORANTHACEAE (Mistletoe Family) 

Phoradendron flavescens (Pursh) Nutt. Mistletoe. 

Parasitic on various trees, especially Populus and Quercus. Southeast 

(Montgomery and Cherokee counties) (map 1424). Epiphyte. 

FAMILY SAPINDACEAE (Soapberry Family) 

Cardiospermum halicacabum L. Balloonvine Heartseed. 

Escaped from cultivation. Wyandotte, Republic and Barton counties 

(map 1425). 

Koelreuteria paniculata Laxm. Chinese Varnish Tree. 

In cultivation, escaped in Saline county (map 1426). Microphanerophyte. 

Sapindus drummondii H. & A. Soapberry, Chinaberry. 

Rocky hillsides. Scattered, Riley to Lincoln and Meade to Wilson 

counties (map 1427). Microphanerophyte. 

Only in cultivation are Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bge. and Koelreuteria 

bipinnata Franch. The latter is winter hardy in Geary county only in 

mild winters. 

FAMILY AESCULACEAE (Buckeye Family) 

Aesculus glabra Willd. Ohio Buckeye. 

Rich woods. Central east (Kansas river valley from Douglas county 

east) (map 1428). Mesophanerophyte. A tree transplanted from Ohio 

to near Salina is now giving rise to seedlings along Dry Creek (J. 

Hancin). 

Aesculus glabra sargentii Rehder. Western Buckeye. 

Aesculus arguta Robinson (R). 

Alluvial soil in woods along streams. Barely east half (map 1429). 

Nano-microphanerophyte. 

In cultivation only, Aesculus hippocastanum L, the Horse Chestnut 

and Aesculus octandra Marsh, a southern buckeye, may seldom be found. 

220


FAMILY ACERACEAE (Maple Family) 

Acer negundo L. Ashleaved Maple, Boxelder. 

Including the inconstant variety violaceum Kirch. 

Negundo nuttallii (Nieuwl.) (R). 

River valleys. Northeast of line between Cheyenne and Sumner 

counties and cultivated in the southwest (map 1430). Usually microphanerophyte, 

sometimes mesophanerophyte, very variable in color of 

twigs and in number of leaflets. 

Acer negundo interius Sarg. Boxelder. 

Negundo interius (Britton) (R). 

Along streams. Montgomery and Riley counties (map 1431). Usually 

microphanerophyte. 

Acer nigrum Michx. f. Black Maple. 

Woods. Extreme east north of Kansas river and cultivated farther 

west (map 1432). Mesophanerophyte. 

Acer saccharinum L. Soft Maple, Silver Maple. 

Low wet floodland woods and alluvial banks of streams. At least east 

third and cultivated farther west (map 1433). Mesophanerophyte. 

Acer saccharum Marsh. Sugar Maple, Hard Maple. 

Woods. Extreme east, south of Kansas river (map 1434). Mesophanerophyte. 

In cultivation only Acer ginnala Maxim (Ginnala maple), Acer platanoides 

L. (Norway maple), Acer rubrum L. (Red maple) and Acer 

tataricum L. (Tatarian maple) may be found. 

FAMILY ANACAHDIACEAE (Sumac Family) 

Rhus aromatica Ait. Aromatic Sumac. 

Rhus crenata (Mill.) Rydb. (R). 

Rhus nortoni Greene in part (R). 

Sandy soil and rocky woods. Southeast from Wyandotte county to 

Labette county (map 1435). Nanophanerophyte. 

Rhus copallina L. Sumac. 

Prairies, thickets and open woods. Northeast sixth, plus southeast 

fourth (map 1436). Nanophanerophyte. 

Rhus glabra L. Smooth Sumac. 

Including Rhus cismontana Greene (R). 

Dry soil. Except southwest sixth (map 1437). Nanophanerophyte. 

Rhus toxicodendron negundo (Greene) F. C. Gates. Poison Ivy. 

Toxicodendron negundo (R). 

Lowland woods and thickets. East half (map 1438). Nanophanerophyte 

or liana. 

Rhus toxicodendron radicans (L.) Torr. Poison Ivy. 

Toxicodendron radicans (R). 

Woods, thickets and river banks. At least east two-thirds (map 1439). 

Liana. 

ilhus toxicodendron rydbergi (Small) Garrett. Poison Ivy. 

Toxicodendron rydbergi (R). 

Rocky hillsides and open woods along streams. West half (map 1440). 



Rhus trilobata Nutt. Aromatic Sumac. 

Including Rhus osterhoutii Rydb. in Ellis and Morton counties. 

Hills and plains. West half (map 1441). 

Rhus trilobata serotina (Greene) Barkley. Aromatic Sumac. 

Rocky hillsides. North half and southeast (map 1442). Many specimens 

of this, together with the one above, have been identified as Rhus 

nortoni (Greene) Rydb. 

Rhus typhina laciniata wood. Hairy Sumac. 

Escaped from cultivation in Sedgwick county (SHC). 

Found only in cultivation are Cotinus coggygria Scop. (Smoketree) 

and Rhus typhina Torner (Hairy sumac). 

FAMILY JUGLANDACEAE (Walnut Family) 

X Carya brownii Sarg. (Carya pecan x cordiformis). 

Lowland woods. Chautauqua and Cowley counties (map 1443). 


Carya cordiformis (Wang.) K. Koch. Pignut Hickory, Bitternut Hickory, 

Yellowbud Hickory. 

Hicoria cordiformis (Wang.) (B. & B.). 

Woods, in moist ground along streams. East third (map 1444). 


Carya laciniosa (Michx. f.) Loud. Kingnut, Big Shellbark Hickory. 

Rich woods along streams. Southeast of line from Wyandotte to 

Cowley counties (map 1445). Mesophanerophyte. 

Carya ovalis obovalis (Marsh.) Sarg. Pignut Hickory. 

Carya glabra (Mill.) Spach. (R). 

Upland woods. Northeast twelfth (map 1446). Mesophanerophyte. 

Carya ovata (Mill.) K. Koch. Shagbark Hickory. 

Rich woods along streams. East third, but mostly east fourth (map 


Carya pecan (Marsh.) Engel. & Graebn. Pecan. 

Along streams and increasingly cultivated. Southeast, cultivated to 

the north and west (map 1448). Mesophanerophyte. 

Carya tomentosa Nutt. Mocker Nut, White Hickory. 

Carya alba (L.) K. Koch. (R). 

Douglas and Cherokee counties (map 1449). 

Carya villosa Ashe. 

Carya buckleyi villosa Sarg. 

Dry and rocky upland woods. East fourth south of Kansas river 

(map 1450). Mesophanerophyte. 

Juglans cinerea L. Butternut. 

Rich woods. "Kans.," fide Rydberg and several others but no specimens. 


Juglans nigra L. Black Walnut. 

Rich woods and lowlands pushing westward. East two-thirds (map 

1451). Mesophanerophyte.

192 


FAMILY BETULACEAE (Birch Family) 

Betula nigra L. River Birch. 

Banks of streams and in swamps. Southeast (Chautauqua and Cherokee 

counties, cultivated to northwest) (map 1452). Mesophanerophyte. 

Corylus americana Walt. American Hazelnut. 

Woods and thickets. East third (map 1453). Microphanerophyte. 

Most of the specimens come within the limits of f. missouriensis (A. DC.) 

Fern. 

Corylus cornuta Marsh. Beaked Hazelnut, 

Corylus rostrata Ait. 

Thickets. Eastern (Leavenworth and Anderson counties) (map 1454). 


Ostrya virginiana (Mill.) K. Koch. Ironwood, Hop-hornbeam. 

Borders of upland woods to the east and westward in rocky ravines 

and hillsides. East third (map 1455). Mesophanerophyte. A few 

glandular hairs on some specimens from Wabaunsee, Pottawatomie and 

Riley counties suggest f. glandulosa (Spach.) Macbr. 

The following are known only in cultivation: Alnus spp. (alders), 

Betula pendula Roth. (Weeping birch), Carpinus caroliniana Walt. 

(Bluebeech), Corylus avellana L. (Hazel). 

FAMILY FACACEAE (Beech or Oak Family) 

Quercus alba L. White Oak. 

Chiefly upland woods. East sixth, cultivated westward (map 1456). 


Quercus bicolor Willd. White Swamp Oak. 

Alluvial ground along streams. East (Pottawatomie and Shawnee 

counties) (map 1457). Mesophanerophyte. 

Quercus borealis maxima (Marsh.) Ashe. Red Oak. 

Quercus m,axima (R). 

Upland woods and rocky hillsides. At least east third, west to Cloud 

county (map 1458). Mesophanerophyte. 

X Quercus bushii Sarg. (Quercus marilandica x velutina.) 

Upland rocky woods. Doniphan county. Mesophanerophyte. 

X Quercus hillii Trelease. (Quercus macrocarpa x Quercus muhlenbergii.) 

Upland woods. East third (Butler, Douglas, Geary, Pottawatomie, 

Riley and Saline counties.) Mesophanerophyte. 

Quercus imbricaria Michx. Shingle Oak. 

Upland woods. Kansas river drainage west to Jefferson county, cultivated 

farther west (map 1459). Mesophanerophyte. 

Quercus macrocarpa Michx. Bur Oak. 

Upland woods and woods along streams. East three-fifths, plus 

Sheridan county (map 1460). Micro-mesophanerophyte. 

Quercus marilandica Munch. Blackjack Oak. 

Dry or rocky upland woods. East third (map 1461). Microphanerophyte-mesophanerophyte. 

Var. ashei in Riley county. 


Quercus muhlenbergii Engelm. Muhlenberg Oak, Chinquapin Oak, Yellow 

Oak. 

Upland woods, rocky hillsides, ravines, abundant. East half (map 


Quercus palustris Miinch. Pin Oak. 

Swampy woods and freely planted as a street tree. Southeastern, but 

freely cultivated to north and west (map 1463). Mesophanerophyte. 

Quercus prinoides Willd. Chinquapin or Scrub Chestnut Oak. 

Borders of woods and rocky hillsides. East third (map 1464). Nanomicrophanerophyte. 

Quercus shumardii Buckl. Shumard's Oak, Red Oak. 

Low or upland woods. Southeast (Linn to Cowley counties) (map 


Quercus shumardii schneckii (Britton) Sarg. Schneck's Oak, Red Oak. 

Quercus schneckii Britton (R). 

Quercus texana of auth, not Buckl. (R). 

Upland woods, bluffs and alluvial soil along streams. Southeast, plus 

Doniphan county (map 1466). Mesophanerophyte. 

Quercus stellata Wang. Post Oak. 

Upland woods and along small streams. East third, mostly southern 

half (map 1467). Mesophanerophyte. 

X Quercus stelloides Palmer. (Jour. Arnold Arb. 18:140. 1937.) 

Quercus prinoides x Quercus stellata. 

Wilson county. Mesophanerophyte. 

Quercus velutina Lam. Black Oak. 

Upland woods, ravines. East third (map 1468). Mesophanerophyte. 

Only in cultivation may be found Castanea dentata and Castanea 

crenata (chestnuts), and the following oaks: Quercus prinus L., specimens 

of which for the most part succumbed in the great drought of 1936, 

and the English oaks, Quercus robur L. and Q. robur pedunculata A. DC. 

FAMILY ARALIACEAE (Ginseng Family) 

Aralia racemosa L. Sarsaparilla, Spikenard. 

Rich wooded hillsides. Northeast (Doniphan and Leavenworth 


Acanthopanax sieboldianus Mak. (Acanthopanax) and Aralia spinosa 

L. (Hercules' Club) are in cultivation only. 

FAMILY AMMIACEAE (Carrot Family) 

Ammoselinum popei T. & G. Sand Parsley. 

Sandy soil. A specimen collected by Plank in southwest Kansas is in 

the U. S. Nat. Museum (map 1469a). Therophyte. 

Anethum graveolens L. Dill. 

Cultivated, seldom escaping. Saline and Cloud counties. Therophyte. 

Apium petroselinum L. Parsley. 

Possibly only in cultivation. 

Berula erecta (Huds.) Coville. Water Parsnip. 

Swamps and streams. Mostly central, scattered in western and east 

thirds (map 1470). Helophyte. 

13—1646 

224


Bupleurum rotundifolium L. Thurowax. 

Roadside. Escaped in Wilson county in 1890. Therophyte. 

Chaerophyllum procumbens (L.) Crantz. Wild Chervil. 

Including Chaerophyllum procumbens shortii T. & G. 

Rich or rocky open woods, thickets and open alluvial ground. East 

half (map 1471). Therophyte. 

Chaerophyllum reflexum Bush. 

Open woods and thickets. Southeast plus Pottawatomie county (map 


Chaerophyllum texanum C. & R. Chervil. 

Ravines and waste rocky ground. East two-fifths, mostly southeast 

(map 1473). Therophyte. (Often formerly identified as C. teinturieri 

Hook.) 

Cicuta maculata L. Cicuta, Cowbane or Water Hemlock. 

Swamp, springs and rocky hillsides. East two-thirds and Scott county 

(map 1474). With root tubers. 

Conium maculatum L. Poison Hemlock. 

Frequently cultivated and freely escaping to waste ground, along 

roads and even to the prairie. Scattered (map 1475). Therophyte 

(biennial). 

Cryptotaenia canadensis (L.) DC. Honeywort, Honewort. 

Rocky woods. East third (map 1476). Hemicryptophyte. 

Cymopterus acaulis (Pursh) Rydb. 

Arid plains. West half (map 1477). Hemicrpytophyte. 

Cynosciadium pinnatum DC. 

Wet places. Extreme southeast (Cherokee county) (map 1478). 

Therophyte. 

Daucus carota L. Carrot, Queen Anne's Lace. 

Much cultivated, escaping to waste places. East third, plus Saline 

and Sheridan counties (map 1479). Therophyte (biennial). 

Daucus pusillus Michx. 

Rocky prairies. Extreme southeast (Cherokee county) (map 1480). 

Therophyte. 

Erigenia bulbosa (Michx.) Nutt. Harbinger-of-spring. 

Rich woods. "Kans.," fide Rydberg. Root tuber geophyte. 

Eryngium leavenworthii T. & G. 

Rocky prairies and hillsides. The flint hill region, spread to northwest 

in railway ballast (map 1481). Hemicryptophyte. 

Eryngium yuccifolium (yuccaefolium) Michx. Rattlesnakemaster. 

Rocky open woods and prairies. East third (map 1482). Hemicryptophyte. 

Eryngium planum L. 

Only in cultivation. Riley, Clay and Sheridan counties. 

Eulophus americanus Nutt. 

Rocky open woods. Southeast (Linn to Montgomery counties) (map 


Falcaria vulgaris Bernh. 

A weed new to Kansas collected by Rudolph Cumro in 1936 in Marshall 

county (map 1483a). 

Foeniculum vulgare Gaertn. Fennel. 

Probably only in cultivation. 

Heracleum lanatum Michx. Cow Parsnip, 

Moist rich woods and thickets. Northeast (Brown county) (map 

1484). 

Lomatium daucifolium (Nutt.) Coulter & Rose. Whiskbroom Parsley. 

Cogswellia daucifolia (Nutt.) M. E. Jones. 

Rocky prairies. East two-thirds (map 1485). Hemicryptophyte. 

Lomatium orientale Coulter & Rose. Whiskbroom Parsley. 

Cogswellia orientalis (Coulter & Rose) M. E. Jones. 

Prairies and plains. West four-fifths, especially northern half of it 


Lomatium villosum Raf. 

Cogswellia villosa (Raf.) Schultes. 

Prairies. Northeast sixth (map 1487). Hemicryptophyte. 

Osmorhiza claytoni (Michx.) Clarke. Woolly Sweet Cicely. 

Wooded hillsides. Extreme east (Wyandotte county) (map 1488). 


Osmorhiza longistylis (Torr.) DC. Smooth Sweet Cicely. 

Rich woods and thickets. Northeast eighth (map 1489). Hemicryptophyte. 

Osmorhiza longistylis villicaulis Fernald. 

Osmorhiza viUicaulis (Fernald) (R). 

Rich woods and thickets. East third (map 1490). Hemicryptophyte. 

Pastinaca sativa L. Parsnip. 

Meadows and waste places, escaped from cultivation. Scattered in 

east half (map 1491). Therophyte (biennial). 

Phellopterus montanus Nutt. 

Plains. West third (map 1492). Hemicryptophyte. 

Pimpinella anisum L. Anise. 


Polytaenia nuttallii DC. Prairie Parsley. 

Pleiotaenia nuttallii (DC.). 

Rocky prairies and open woods. East third, plus Edwards county 

(map 1493). 

Ptilimnium capillaceum (Michx.) Raf. 

"Kans.," fide Gray's Manual 7th ed., but specimens are the next. 

Ptilimnium nuttallii (DC.) Britton. 

Swamps and depressions in prairie. Southeast five counties (map 


Sanicula canadensis L. 

Rocky open woods and thickets. Scattered throughout, but mostly 

east half (map 1495). Hemicryptophyte.


Sanicula gregaria Bickn. Black Snakeroot.. 

Rocky open woods and thickets. Scattered in east half (map 1496). 


Sanicula marilandica L. Sanicle, Snakeroot. 

Rocky open woods and thickets. Northeast sixth (map 1497). Hemicryptophyte. 

Sium suave Walt. Water Parsley, Water Parsnip. 

Siurn cicutaefolium Gmel. (R). 

In water or very wet places. Extreme central east (Douglas to Wyandotte 

counties) (map 1498). Helophyte. 

Spermolepis divaricata (Walt.) Britton. 

Sandy or gravelly prairies. Scattered (Riley to Seward counties) 


Spermolepis echinata (Nutt.) Heller. 

Rocky prairies and gravelly or sandy soil along streams. "Kans," 

fide Rydberg. Therophyte. 

Spermolepis patens (Nutt.) Robinson. 

Rocky or sandy prairies. East three-fourths (map 1500). Therophyte. 

Taenidia integerrima (L.) Drude. Yellow Pimpernel. 

Rocky or sandy woods or thickets. East fifth (map 1501). Hemicryptophyte. 

Thaspium barbinode (Michx.) Nutt. 

Rocky open woods along streams. East fourth (map 1502). Hemicryptophyte. 

Thaspium trifoliatum flavum Blake. Meadow Parsnip. 

Thaspium trifoliatum (L.) Gray. 

Thickets and rocky prairies. East fourth (map 1503). 

Torilis japonicus (Houtt.) DC. Hedge Parsley, Hemlock Chervil. 

Torilis anthriscus Gmel. (R). 

Roadsides and waste ground. Cherokee county (map 1504). Therophyte. 

Zizia aurea (L.) Kock. Alexanders, Meadow Parsnip. 

Rocky woods and thickets. East half (map 1505). Hemicryptophyte. 

FAMILY CORNACEAE (Dogwood Family) 

Cornus asperifolia Michx, Ruffleaved Dogwood. 

Svida asperifolia (R). 

Dry rocky hillsides, thickets, open woods and alluvial ground of 

stream beds. East two-thirds (map 1506). Nano-microphanerophyte. 

Cornus florida L. Flowering Dogwood. 

Cynoxylon floridum (R). 



Cornus instolonea A. Nels. Dogwood. 

Svida instolonea (R). 

River banks. At least Douglas county (map 1507a). Nanophanerophyte. 


Cornus interior Rydb. Dogwood. 

Svida interior (R). 

River banks. Northeast sixth (map 1508). Nanophanerophyte. 

Cornus obliqua Raf. Dogwood, Kinnikinick. 

Svida amonum (Mill.) (R). 

Thickets, wet prairies along streams. East third (map 1509). 

Only in cultivation are the dogwoods: Cornus alba and varieties, 

C'. mas L, C. stolonifera Michx, and C. stolonifera flaviramea Rehd. 

FAMILY RUBIACEAE (Madder Family) 

Cephalanthus occidentalis L. Buttonbush. 

Borders of streams and ponds and in swamps. East half, plus Barton 

and Hodgeman counties (map 1510). Nano-microphanerophyte. 

Diodia teres Walt. Buttonweed. 

Sand prairies. East half, especially southern third (map 1511). 

Therophyte. 

Galium aparine L. Bedstraw, Cleavers. 

Rich woods, thickets, alluvial and-waste ground. Naturalized in east 

half, plus Rooks, Sheridan and Sherman counties (map 1512). Therophyte. 

Galium aparine vaillantii (DC.) Koch. 

Galium vaillantii (R). 

Low ground in thickets. Scattered east and west (map 1513). Therophyte. 

Galium circaezans hypomalacum Fernald. (Rhod. 30:450. 1937.) Bedstraw, 

Wild Licorice. 

Rocky woods and thickets. East half (map 1514). Hemiciyptophyte. 

Galium concinnum T. & G. Shining Bedstraw. 

Hillsides and moist open woods. East of Marshall to Cherokee 


Galium obtusum Bigelow. Bedstraw. 

Galium tinctorium L. (R). 

Swamps and low wet woods and thickets. East third (map 1516). 


Galium pilosum Ait. Bedstraw. 

Rocky woods and thickets. East third (map 1517). Hemicryptophyte. 

Galium tinctorium L. Bedstraw. 

Galium claytoni Michx. (R). 

Marshes and open wet thickets. East fourth (map 1518). Hemicryptophyte. 

Galium triflorum Michx. Bedstraw. 

Moist open woods and thickets (map 1519). 

Galium verum L. Yellow Bedstraw. 

Fields, introduced. Pottawatomie county (map 1520). Hemicryptophyte. 

229

164 


Houstonia angustifolia Michx. 

Rocky ledges and prairies. Throughout (map 1521). Hemicryptophyte. 

Houstonia minima Beck. Small Bluets. 

Prairies, rocky ledges and dry, open woods. Some years in great 

abundance. East half, scattered (map 1522). Therophyte. 

Sherardia arvensis L. Field Madder. 

Cultivated and escaping but not established. Ellsworth and Sheridan 

counties. 

Spermacoce glabra Michx. Smooth Buttonweed. 

Borders of ponds and streams. Southeast (Labette and Cherokee 


FAMILY CAPRIFOLIACEAE (Honeysuckle Family) 

Lonicera dioica glaucescens (Rydb.) Butters. 

Lonicera glaucescens (R). Honeysuckle. 

Thicket-covered hillsides. Northeastern sixth, plus Sedgwick county 

(map 1524). 

Lonicera japonica Thunb. Japanese Honeysuckle. 

Thickets and roadsides sparingly escaped from cultivation. East 

third (Montgomery and Riley counties) (map 1525). Vine to liana. 

Lonicera prolifera (Kirchner) Rehder. Honeysuckle. 

Lonicera sullivantii Gray. (G), (B & B). 

Wooded bluffs. East (Leavenworth county) (map 1526). Vine. 

Sambucus canadensis L. Elder, Elderberry. 

Damp soil in woods and thickets. East three-fifths, plus Thomas and 

Scott counties (map 1527). Nano-microphanerophyte. 

Symphoricarpos occidentalis Hook. Wolfberry. 

Hillsides, open woods and river banks. West two-thirds of north half 

and west fourth of south half (map 1528). 

Symphoricarpos orbiculatus Moench. Coralberry, Buckbrush. 

River banks, prairies bordering woods. East three-fourths (map 


Triosteum aurantiacum Bicknell. Horse Gentian. 

Rich or rocky woods and bluffs. East fourth (map 1530). Hemicryptophyte. 

Triosteum perfoliatum L. Horse Gentian. 

Thickets. East third (map 1531). Hemicryptophyte. 

Viburnum prunifolium L. Black Haw, Viburnum. 

Woods, thickets and banks of streams. Southeastern, north to Johnson 

county, west to Cowley county, cultivated to northwest (map 1532). 


Viburnum prunifolium bushii (Ashe) Palmer & Steyermark. Viburnum, Black 

Haw, Nannyberry. 

Woods and along streams. Extreme east (map 1533). Microphanerophyte. 

Specimens have previously been identified as V. lentago which 

is more eastern. 

Viburnum rufidulum Raf. Viburnum, Black Haw. 

Rocky woods, thickets and banks of streams. Southeast sixth (plus 

Phillips county Cult. ?) (map 1534). Microphanerophyte. 

The following among those only in cultivation: Abelia grandiflora, 

Diervilla florida, D. japonica, Lonicera caprifolium, L. flava, L. morrom, 

L. occidentalis, L. sempervirens, L. siberica, L. tatarica and varieties, 

Symphoricarpos albus and varieties, S. orbiculatus variegatus, Viburnum 

lantana, and V. opulus. 

FAMILY VALERIANACEAE (Valerian Family) 

Valerianella amarella (Lindh.) Krok. 

Low ground. Extreme central east (map 1535). 

Valerianella radiata (L.) Dufr. 

Low ground. Southeast (map 1536). A Chautauqua county specimen 

suggests V. missouriensis Dyal. 

Valerianella stenocarpa parviflora Dyal. 

Low ground. Southeastern (Wilson county) (map 1537). Therophyte. 

FAMILY DIPSACEAE (Teasel Family) 

Scabiosa atropurpurea L. Sweet Scabious. 

Once escaped from cultivation. Clark county. 

FAMILY CAMPANULACEAE 

Campanula americana L. Tall Bellflower. 

Campanulastrum americanum in (R). 

Woods and thickets, especially along streams. East third, plus Ellsworth 


Lobelia appendiculata A. DC. 

Cited by Rogers McVaugh from Cherokee county (Melrose, by 

Rydberg and Imler 242) and Miami county (Paola, by Oyster, July, 

1883), Rhodora 38:329. 1936. No specimens at Manhattan (map 1539). 

Lobelia cardinalis L. Cardinal Flower. 

Wet ground along streams. Southeast twelfth (map 1540). 

Lobelia halei Small. 

A specimen of this species in Mo. Bot. Garden, said to be from Parsons, Labette 

county, is doubtful as to locality according to McVaugh (Rhod. 38:349. 1936). 

Lobelia inflata L. Indian Tobacco. 

Rocky open woods. East (Shawnee, Miami and Cherokee counties) 


Lobelia puberula Michx. = what? in R. 

"Kans.," fide Rydberg but not according to McVaugh. 

Lobelia siphilitica L. Blue Lobelia. 

Borders of ponds and small streams and wet ledges under springs. 

East four-fifths (map 1542). At least several of those in most parts of 

central Kansas could be considered var. ludoviciana A. DC., but very 

many specimens are intermediate. 

Lobelia spicata hirtella A. Gray. Lobelia. 

Prairies and hills. East fourth (map 1543).

164 


Lobelia spicata leptostachys (A. DC.) Mackenzie & Bush. Lobelia. 

Lobelia leptostachys (R). 

Prairies. East third (map 1544). Therophyte (biennial). 

Lobelia splendens Willd. Western Cardinal Flower. 

Wet ground along streams, etc. Except extreme east and southwest 

(map 1545). 

Platycodon grandiflorum A. DC. 


Specularia biflora (R. & P.) Fisch. & Mey. 

Fields, roadsides and waste ground. Southeast (Chautauqua, Cherokee 

counties) (map 1546). Therophyte. 

Specularia leptocarpa (Nutt.) A. Gray. Venus'-Looking-Glass. 

Rocky or gravelly prairies and waste ground. East four-fifths (map 


Specularia perfoliata (L.) A. DC. Venus'-Looking-Glass. 

Hillsides, prairies, dry woods, thickets and waste ground. Throughout 

(except extreme west) (map 1548). Therophyte. 

"SUPERFAMILY COMPOSITAE" 

FAMILY HELIANTHACEAE 

Actinomeris alternifolia (L.) DC. 

Lowland woods and thickets. East half and Sheridan county (map 


Berlandiera Iyrata Benth. 

Dry plains and hills. Extreme southwest (Morton county) (map 

1550). 

Berlandiera texana DC. 

Hillsides, plains and prairies. Scattered (Stevens, Rice, Reno and 

Saline counties) (map 1550a). 

Bidens aristosa (Michx.) Britton. Beggarticks. 

Prairies and swamps. "Kans," fide Rydberg. Therophyte (biennial). 

Bidens bipinnata L. Spanish Needles. 

Open woods, thickets and waste ground. East half and Sheridan 


Bidens cernua elliptica Wiegand. 

Bidens elliptica (R). 

Swamps and muddy borders of streams and ponds. North third (map 


Bidens comosa (A. Gray) Wiegand. Beggarticks. 

Wet ground bordering ponds and streams. East third (map 1553). 

Therophyte. 

Bidens comosa acuta Wiegand. Beggarticks. 

Bidens acuta (R). 

Wet ground bordering ponds and streams. North central (map 1554). 

Therophyte. 

Bidens connata Muhl. Beggarticks. 

Swamps and wet borders of streams and ponds. Brown county (map 


Bidens frondosa L. Beggarticks. 

Moist woods, thickets and waste ground. Scattered (map 1556). 

Therophyte. 

Bidens glaucescens Greene. Beggarticks. 

Water and wet ground. Scattered, except perhaps the southeast (map 


Bidens involucrata (Nutt.) Britton. Beggarticks. 

Swamps, wet prairies, cultivated fields and waste ground (map 1558). 

Therophyte (biennial). 

Bidens laevis (L.) BSP. 

Wet ground. "Reported from Kans. and Iowa" in Rydberg. No specimens. 

Bidens vulgata Greene. Beggarticks. 

Wet to moist ground along streams and about ponds, fields, thickets 

and waste ground. North two-thirds of east two-thirds (map 1559). 

Therophyte. 

Bidens vulgata puberula (Wiegand) Greene. 

Bidens puberula (R). 

Wet ground. Scattered in east half (map 1560). Therophyte. 

Coreopsis cardaminifolia (DC.) T. & G. 

Low ground. Harper county (map 1561). Therophyte. 

Coreopsis grandiflora Hogg. Coreopsis. 

Prairies, ravines and thickets. Southeast ninth (map 1562). Hemicryptophyte. 

Coreopsis lanceolata villosa Michx. Coreopsis. 

Coreopsis crassifolia Aiton. (R). 

Dry soil. "Kans," fide B & B, Rydberg. Hemicryptophyte. 

Coreopsis palmata Nutt. Coreopsis. 

Prairies, thickets and open woods. East fourth (map 1563). Hemicryptophyte. 

Coreopsis tinctoria Nutt. Coreopsis. 

Sandy or rocky open ground, plains and prairies. Southwest, central 

and east (map 1564). Therophyte. 

Coreopsis tripteris L. Tall Tickseed. 

Dry to moist thickets and woods. Extreme east (Leavenworth and 

Miami counties) (map 1565). Hemicryptophyte. 

Coreopsis verticillata L. Coreopsis. 

Dry soil. "Kans," fide Rydberg. 

Cosmos bipinnatus Cav. Cosmos. 

Roadsides, at least once escaped from cultivation. Seward county 

Therophyte. 

Echinacea angustifolia DC. Purple Coneflower. 

Upland and rocky prairies and plains. Throughout (probably) (map 


Echinacea pallida Nutt. Purple Coneflower. 

Rocky prairies. East fifth (map 1567). Hemicryptophyte. 

Echinacea paradoxa (Norton) Britton. 

Rocky prairies. East fourth south of Kansas river (map 1567a). 

Rays present in these herbarium specimens have changed color in drying, 

from yellow to purplish-yellow.

164 


Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk. Yerba de Tajo. 

Moist fields, borders of ponds, and river floodplains. East half and 

scattered in west (map 1568). Therophyte. 

Engelmannia pinnatifida T. & G. Engelmannia. 

High plains. West two-fifths (map 1569). 

Galinsoga aristulata Bucknell. 

Galinsoga ciliata (Raf.) Blake. 

Waste places, introduced from Mexico. Scattered in east two-fifths 


Galinsoga parviflora Cav. 

Waste places, naturalized from South America. Riley county (map 


Helianthus annuus L. Sunflower. 

In part Helianthus lenticularis Dougl. (R). 

Throughout (map 1572). Therophyte. 

Helianthus besseyi J. M. Bates. Sunflower. 

Rocky open hillsides. Riley, Saline and Shawnee counties (map 1573). 

Helianthus ciliaris DC. Blueweed. 

Cultivated field, Osborne County. New in 1939. Geophyte. 

Helianthus formosus E. E. Wats. 

Douglas county (KU) (map 1574). By F. H. Snow years ago. 

Helianthus grosseserratus Martens. Sunflower. 

Prairies of borders of small streams. East two-fifths (map 1575). 


Helianthus hirsutus Raf. Sunflower. 


Helianthus laetiflorus Pers. Sunflower. 

Prairies. Northeast fourth (map 1577). Hemicryptophyte. 

Helianthus Ieptocaulis (S. Wats.) Blake. Sunflower. 


Helianthus maximiliani Schrad. Sunflower. 

Rocky prairies, hillsides and plains. Throughout (map 1579). 


Helianthus mollis Lam. Sunflower. 

Prairies, thickets in dry, barren ground. East fourth (map 1580). 


Helianthus mollissimus E. Wats. 

Miami county (map 1580a). 

Helianthus petiolaris Nutt. Prairie or Kansas Sunflower. 

Fields, roadsides, plains, prairies and waste ground. Throughout, but 

scattered in east fourth (map 1581). Therophyte. 

Helianthus rigidus (Cass.) Desf. Sunflower. 

Rocky open woods, thickets, and prairies. East half (map 1582). 


Helianthus salicifolius A. Dietr. Sunflower. 

Helianthus orgyalis DC. (G), (B & B). 

Upland prairies, limestone ravine, spreading north and westward in 

railroad ballast. South of Kansas river in east third, plus R. R. ballast 

in Cloud and Saline counties (map 1583). Hemicryptophyte. 

Helianthus severus E. E. Wats. 

Rocky hillside prairies. North central (map 1584). 

Helianthus tuberosus L. Jerusalem Artichoke. 

Moist woods and thicket, wet prairies, roadsides and waste ground. 

At least east three-fourths (map 1585). 

Helianthus tuberosus subcanescens Gray. 

Saline county (map 1586). 

Helianthus vernalis E. E. Wats. (?) 

Shawnee county. 

Helianthus virilis E. E. Wats. Sunflower. 

Open woods and prairies. Scattered in east third (map 1587). 

Heliopsis helianthoides (L.) Sweet. Oxeye. 

Rocky woods or thickets. Southeast (map 1588). 

Heliopsis scabra Dunal. Ruff Oxeye. 

Rocky woods and thickets; roadsides. East two-fifths, plus Ellis 


Marshallia Rocky caespitosa or upland Nutt. prairies. "Kans.," fide Rydberg. 

Melampodium leucanthemum T. & G. 

Dry high plains. Southwest fourth (map 1590). 


Parthenium hysterophorus L. Santa Maria. 

In vacant lot, recent appearance (1932). Saline county (map 1591). 

Parthenium integrifolium L. Feverfew. 

Prairies. West half of southwest ninth (map 1592). 

Polymnia canadensis L. 

Rich rocky woods. Extreme southeast (Cherokee county) (map 


Polymnia uvedalia L. Leafcup. 

Moist thickets. "Kans.?" fide Rydberg. 

Ratibida columnifera Nutt. Coneflower. 

Lepachys columnifera (R). 

Lepachys columnaris. 

Plains, prairies, and waste ground. Throughout, except northeast 


Ratibida columnifera f. pulcherrima (DC.) Fernald. 

Lepachys columnifera f. pulcherrima (DC.). 

Plains and prairies. 


Scattered in west three-fourths (map 1595). 

Ratibida pinnata (Vent.) Barnhart. Coneflower. 

Lepachys pinnata (Vent.) T. & G. (R). 

Rocky prairies and thickets. East fourth (map 1596). 

phyte.Hemicrypto- 

Ratibida tagetes (James) Barnhart. 

Lepachys tagetes (R). 

Coneflower. 

Plains. Mainly west fourth, but east in central part to Saline county 


234


Rudbeckia amplexicaulis Vahl. 

Dracopsis amplexicaulis (R). 

Moist prairies, roadside ditches. Scattered in south two-thirds of 

east half (map 1598). Therophyte. 

Rudbeckia grandiflora C. C. Gmelin. 

Dry prairies. "Kans.?" fide Rydberg. 

Rudbeckia hirta L. Black-eyed Susan, Niggerheads. 

Open woods, thickets, rocky prairies and waste ground. East half and 

Sheridan county (map 1599). Hemicryptophyte. 

Rudbeckia Iaciniata L. Goldenglow. 

Low open woods and thickets along small streams. Moist thickets. 

East third (map 1600). Hemicryptophyte. 

Rudbeckia subtomentosa Pursh. 

Moist open woods, thickets, and borders of prairie streams. East 

fourth (map 1601). Hemicryptophyte. 

Rudbeckia triloba L. Brown-eyed Susan. 

Rocky woods and thickets. East fifth (map 1602). 

Silphium integrifolium Michx. Rosinweed. 

Rocky prairies. Mostly extreme east tier of counties (map 1603). 


Silphium laciniatum L. Compass Plant. 

Prairies and rocky open hillsides. East two-thirds to Sheridan county 


Silphium perfoliatum L. Cupplant. 

Moist prairies and thickets. East third, plus Sedgwick and Meade 


Silphium speciosum Nutt. Rosinweed. 

Includes S. integrifolium mesochorum Benke. (Benke 5176 from Barton 

county [Field Museum]). 

Prairies. East two-thirds (map 1606). Hemicryptophyte. 

Thelesperma gracile (Torr.) Gray. 

Plains and prairies. West two-thirds and scattered in east third 


Thelesperma trifidum (Poir.) Britton. 

Rocky prairies and plains. Southwest and southeast (map 1608). 

Therophyte (biennial). 

Verbesina helianthoides Michx. 

Rocky open woods and thickets. Extreme southeast (map 1609). 

Verbesina virginioa L. White Crownbeard. 

Rooky open woods and thickets. Southeast sixth (map 1610). 

Ximenesia encelioides Cav. 

Valleys, not common. Scattered in east and west (map 1611). Therophyte. 

Ximenesia encelioides exauriculata (Robinson & Greenm.) F. C. Gates. 

Verbesina encelioides exauriculata Robinson & Greenm. 

Ravines and valleys. Finney and Riley counties (map 1611a). Therophyte. 


Zinnia grandiflora Nutt, 

High plains. Southern tier of counties from Comanche county west 


FAMILY AMBROSIACEAE (Ragweed Family) 

Ambrosia bidentata Michx. Ragweed. 

Rocky prairies, fields and waste ground. South half of east fourth 

and Wyandotte county (map 1613). Therophyte. 

Ambrosia coronopifolia T. & G. Western Ragweed. 

Ambrosia psilostachya DC. 

Plains and prairies, fields and pastures. Throughout (map 1614). 

Root geophyte. 

Ambrosia elatior L. Ragweed. 

Ambrosia artemisiaefotia elatior. 

Including Ambrosia media Rydb. (R). 

Prairies, fields, pastures, waste places and cultivated ground. East 

two-thirds and northwest sixth (map 1615). Therophyte. 

Ambrosia longistylis Nutt, Ragweed. 

Prairie. Riley county (map 1616). Therophyte. 

Ambrosia trifida L. Giant Ragweed. 

Including Ambrosia striata Rydb. (R) to which most Kansas specimens 

belong. 

Moist places, bottomlands and waste places. Throughout (map 1617). 

Therophyte. Plants with entire leaves occasionally occur (f. integrifolia), 

Riley county. 

Franseria acanthocarpa (Hook.) Coville. 

Plains and sandy valleys. West third, mostly southern part (map 


Franseria discolor Nutt. 

Dry soil. "Kans," fide Rydberg, but no specimens. 

Franseria tenuifolia Harv. & Gray. 

Valleys in high plains. Southwest ninth and ?Osbome county (map 

1619). 

Franseria tomentosa A. Gray. 

River bottoms. West half and scattered in east (map 1620). 

Iva ciliata Willd. Marsh Elder. 

Alluvial soils, prairies and waste ground. Except northwest and north 

tier (map 1621). Therophyte. 

Iva xanthifolia Nutt. Careless Weed, 

Cyclachaena xanthifolia (R). 

Waste places and along stteams. West three-fifths and northeast 

fourth (map 1622). Therophyte. 

Xanthium chinense Mill. Cocklebur. 

Fields, roadsides, alluvial ground, waste places, moist sandy flood 

plains. East third (map 1623). Therophyte. Forma globuliforme 

Crevecoeur, a mutant with 20-30 ovaries. 

Xanthium globosum Shull. 

Low alluvial fields and waste places. East Douglas, Shawnee and 

Greenwood counties (map 1624). Type from Lawrence. Therophyte.

164 


Xanthium italicum Mor. Cocklebur. 

Xanthium commune Britton. (R). 

Fields, roadsides, and waste places. At least east two-thirds to Sheridan 


Xanthium pennsylvanicum Wallr. Cocklebur. 

Cultivated fields, roadsides and waste ground. Probably throughout 


Xanthium pennsylvanicum laciniatum Sherff & Shull. 

Waste places. Pottawatomie county. Therophyte. 

Xanthium speciosum Kearney. Cocklebur. 

Cultivated fields and waste ground. Reno, Chase and Labette counties 


Xanthium spinosum L. Spiny Cocklebur. 

Fields and waste ground. East fourth according to reports; a specimen 

has been seen from Cherokee county (map 1628), but no specimens 

are in the Kansas State Herbarium. Therophyte. 

FAMILY HELENIACEAE 

Actinella odorata Gray. Bitterweed, Colorado Rubber Plant. 

Hymenoxys odorata (R). 

Dry plains. Southwest fourth to Trego and Kiowa counties (map 

1629). 

Dyssodia papposa (Vent.) Hitchc. Fetid Marigold. 

Boebera papposa (R). 

Plains, prairies, waste ground, along roads, etc. Throughout (map 


Flaveria campestris J. R. Johnston. 

Alkali land. Southwestern and along R. R. to Wyandotte county 


Gaillardia aristata Pursh. Gaillardia, Blanket Flower. 

Plains. South central (map 1632). Hemicryptophyte. 

Gaillardia drummondii (Hook.) DC. Gaillardia. 

Plains, cultivated and escaped in Ellis county (map 1633). Therophyte. 

Gaillardia fastigiata Greene. 

Waste or sandy places. South central (Edwards and Comanche 

counties) (map 1634). Therophyte (biennial). 

Gaillardia lanceolata Michx. Gaillardia. 

Sandy soil. Reno county (map 1635). 

Gaillardia pulchella Foug. Gaillardia, Blanket Flower. 

Plains. West three-fifths (map 1636). Therophyte. 

Helenium autumnale L. Sneezeweed. 

Helenium altissimum Link. (R). 

Helenium montanum Nutt. (R) to which most Kansas specimens would 

belong. 

Moist prairies and borders of ponds and streams. Mostly east fourth 


Helenium nudiflorum, Nutt. 

Helenium polyphyllum Small. (R). 

Moist prairies, fields, borders of bodies of water. Southeast (Crawford 

and Cherokee counties) (map 1638). Hemicryptophyte. 

Helenium tenuifolium Nutt. Sneezeweed. 

Fields and waste places. Scattered in east half (map 1639). Therophyte. 

Hymenopappus corymbosus T. & G. 

Plains and prairies. Scattered in east two-thirds (map 1640). Therophyte 

(biennial). 

Hymenopappus filifolius Hook. 

Plains. Stanton county (map 1640a). 

Hymenopappus scabiosaeus L'Her. Hymenopappus. 

Including H. suljureus Rydb. 

Prairie and plain. Southwest fourth and east half (map 1641). Therophyte 

(biennial). 

Hymenopappus tenuifolius Pursh. 

Plains and dry prairies. West three-fifths (map 1642). 

Othake sphacelata (Nutt.) Rydb. 

Including Othake macrolepis Rydb. at least as to Kansas specimens. (R). 

Sandhills on high plains. Southwest twelfth (map 1643). Therophyte. 

Pectis angustifolia Torr. Lemonscent. 

Sandy soils of plains. West half, scattered (map 1644). Therophyte. 

Picradeniopsis oppositifolia (Nutt.) Rydb. 

Alkalin soil on dry plains. Western third (map 1645). Hemicryptophyte. 

Psilostrophe villosa Rydb. Paper Flower. 

Sandy soil. Extreme south between Meade and Harper counties (map 


Tetraneuris acaulis (Pursh) Greene. 

Including Tetraneuris simplex A. Nels. (R). 

Dry plains. Scattered in west half (map 1647). 

Tetraneuris fastigiata Greene. 

Dry plains. West half (map 1648). 

Tetraneuris linearifolia (Hook) Greene. 

Dry plains. Pottawatomie county (map 1649). 

Thvmophylla aurea (A. Gray) Greene. Tiny Tim. 

Dry plains. West (Hamilton county) (map 1650). Therophyte. 

Arctotis stoechadifolia Berg. Arctotis. 

Arctotis grandis Thunb. 


Calendula sp. Calendula. 


FAMILY ARCTOTIDACEAE 

FAMILY CALENDULACEAE


FAMILY INULACEAE 

Anaphalis margaritacea (L.) Benth. & Hook. Pearly Everlasting. 

Waste ground. "Kans," fide B&B2nd, Rydberg. Hemicryptophyte. 

Antennaria campestris Rvdb. 

Prairies and plains. East three-fourths to Sheridan county (map 

1651). 

Antennaria fallax Greene. Indian Tobacco. 

Rocky open woods and prairies. East third (map 1652). 

Antennaria longifolia Greene. 

Antennaria neglecta Greene. 

Open woods and prairies. East third (map 1653). 

Antennaria plantaginifolia (L.) Richards. Ladies' Tobacco, Pussy's Tobacco. 

Rocky open woods and thickets. East third (map 1654). 

Diaperia prolifera Nutt. 

Evax prolifera Nutt. 

Filago prolifera Britton. 

Plains and prairies. Scattered in west half and Cowley county (map 


Gnaphalium obtusifolium L. Cudweed, Everlasting. 

Open rocky woods and thickets and waste places. Scattered in east 

three-fourths (map 1656). Therophyte. 

Gnaphalium purpureum L. Cudweed. 

Wet soils, prairies and thickets. Scattered in east half (map 1657). 


Gnaphalium uliginosum L. 

Wet places. Shawnee county (map 1658). Therophyte. 

Pluchea camphorata (L.) DC. Marsh Fleabane. 

Salt marshes. Sedgwick county (map 1659). Therophyte. 

FAMILY ASTERACEAE 

Amphiachyris dracunculoides (DC.) Nutt. Broomweed. 

Gutierrezia dracunculoides (DC.) Blake. 

Rocky upland prairies and pastures and hillsides, spreading rapidly. 

East half and farther west in the south (map 1660). Therophyte. 

Aphanostephus skirrobasis (DC.) Trel. 

Dry soil. South (Clark and Harper counties) (map 1661). Therophyte 

(biennial). 

Aster adsurgens Greene (Pittonia 4:211. 1900), (Rhod. 35:325. 1933). Aster. 

Aster crassulus Rydb. 

High plains. West fourth (map 1662). Hemicryptophyte. 

Aster anomalus Engelm. Aster. 

Rocky open woods and thickets. Southeast (Labette, Crawford and 

Cherokee counties) (map 1663). Hemicryptophyte. 

Aster azureus Lindl. Blue Aster. 

Prairies and thickets. East third (map 1664). Hemicryptophyte. 

Aster coerulescens DC. Rhodora 35:27. 1933. Aster. 

Aster fluviatilis Osterhout (R). 

Riley county. Hitchcock No. 726 (map 1665). 

Aster commutatus (T. & G.) Gray. Aster. 

Plains and river banks. Southwest fourth (map 1666). Hemicryptophyte. 

Aster drummondii Lindl. Aster. 

Woods, thickets and prairie border. East two-fifths (map 1667). 


Aster eriooides L. Aster. 

Aster multiflorus Ait. 

Plains, prairies and rocky open woods. .Abundant, Probably throughout 


Aster ericoides batesii (Rydb.) F. C. Gates. Aster. 

Aster batesii (R). 

Prairies. Central and northwest (map 1669). Hemicryptophyte. 

Aster ericoides f. polycephalus (Rydb.). Aster. 

Aster polycephalus Rydb. (R). 

Prairie hills. Saline county (map 1670). Hemicryptophyte. 

Aster ericoides prostratus (Ktze.) Blake. Aster. 

Aster exiguus (Fernald) (R). 

Prairies and sandy or gravelly ground along streams. East half (map 


Aster ericoides f. stricticaulis (T. & G). Aster. 

Aster stricticaulus (T. & G.) (R). 

Moist ground along streams. Shawnee county at least (map 1672). 


Aster exilis Ell. Aster. 

Wet, especially saline soil. South central, west to Meade county 


Aster fendleri A. Gray. Aster. 

Plains and sandhills. West three-fifths (map 1674). Hemicryptophyte. 

Aster laeviformis Rydb. Aster. 

Wet prairies. Edwards county (map 1675). Hemicryptophyte. 

Aster laevis L. Aster. 

Rocky open woods and thickets. Northeast sixth (map 1676). 


Aster lateriflorus pendulus (Ait.) Burgess. Aster. 

Low wet woods or stream borders. Northeast (Atchison county) 


Aster novae-angliae L. New England Aster. 

Low ground along streams in prairies and thickets. East sixth (map 


Aster oblongifolius Nutt. Aster. 

Including Aster kumleini Fries (R) (Aster oblongifolius rigidulus). 

Rocky prairies and open slopes. East two-thirds, plus northwest 


Aster paludosus Ait. Aster. 

Wet prairies. Southeast (Labette, Crawford and Cherokee counties'* 


16—1646


Aster paniculatus Lam. Aster. 

Low wet woods and moist prairies. Scattered in east four-fifths (map 


Aster paniculatus acutidens Burgess. Aster. 

Low wet woods and moist prairies. Riley, Clay and Barber counties 


Aster pantotrichus Blake. (J. Wash, Acad. Sci. 21:327. 1931.) Aster. 

Aster missouriensis Britton. 

Moist places. Northeast (Atchison county) (map 1683). 


Aster patens Ait. Purple Aster. 

Aster •patentissimus Lindl. (R). 

Aster tenuicaulis Mohr. (R). 

Rocky open woods and thickets. Southeast to Sumner county (map 


Aster praealtus Poir. Aster. 

Aster salieijolius Lam. 

Wet prairies, thickets and borders of streams. Scattered in east fourfifths 

(map 1685). Hemicryptophyte. A specimen of M. A. Barber 

from Lawrence in 1902 seems to be the var. taxicola Wieg. Rhod. 35:25. 

1933. 

Aster sagittifolius Willd. Wedemeyer. 

Rocky woods and ravines. Extreme east (Wyandotte and Labette 


Aster sericeus Vent. Silky Aster. 

Rocky prairies and hills. East half and Hamilton county (map 1687). 


Aster tataricus L. f. 

In cultivation. Riley county, where escaped for three years. Hemicryptophyte. 

Aster turbinellus Lindl. Aster. 

Rocky open woods and thickets. Extreme southeast (map 1688). 


Aster vimineus subdumosus Wiegand. Aster. 

Moist soil. Southeast (map 1689). Hemicryptophyte. 

Astranthium integrifolium (Michx.) Nutt. (Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard. 20:23. 1933). 

Daisy. 

Bellis integrifolia Michx. 

Moist ground. East fourth (map 1690). Therophyte (biennial). 

Baccharis neglecta Britton. 

Saline soil. South central and Sherman county (map 1691). Nanophanerophyte. 

Baccharis salicina T. & G. Groundsel Tree. 

Saline soil. Southwest fourth (map 1692). Nanophanerophyte. 

Baccharis wrightii A. Gray. 

Saline soil. Southwest sixth (map 1693). Hemicryptophyte. 

Boltonia asteroides (L.) L'Her. 

Moist open woods and thickets. Cowley, Doniphan (KU), and Washington 


Boltonia latisquama A. Gray. 

Wet prairies and borders of streams. East half (map 1695). Hemicryptophyte. 

Chrysopsis 12 angustifolia Rydb. Golden Aster. 

Sandy places. Saline, Meade and Rooks counties (map 1696). Hemicryptophyte. 

Chrysopsis asprella Greene. 

Dry hills. Barber, Graham and Rooks counties (map 1697). Hemicryptophyte. 

Chrysopsis bakeri Greene. 

Plains. Sheridan and Jewell counties (map 1698). Hemicryptophyte. 

Chrysopsis ballardi Rydb. Golden Aster. 

Rocky prairie hillsides. Jewell, Dickinson and Geary counties (map 


Chrysopsis berlandieri Greene. 

Sandy and rocky soils. Central (map 1700). Hemicryptophyte. 

Chrysopsis foliosa Nutt. 

Sandy soil. Scattered in west half (map 1701). Hemicryptophyte. 

Chrysopsis hirsutissima Greene. 

Sandy soil. West third (map 1702). Hemicryptophyte. 

Chrysopsis hispida (Hook) DC. Golden Aster. 

Sandy river valleys. West two-thirds (map 1703). Hemicryptophyte. 

Chrysopsis imbricata A. Nels. 

Plains and mountains. Scattered in west half (map 1704). Hemicryptophyte. 

Chrysopsis pilosa Nutt. Golden Aster. 

Rocky or sandy prairies. Southeast (map 1705). Therophyte. 

Chrysopsis stenophylla ,(A. Gray) Greene. 

Dry plains and prairies. South two-thirds of west two-thirds (map 


Chrysopsis villosa (Pursh) Nutt. 

Dry hills. Ford and Ellis counties (map 1707). Hemicryptophyte. 

Chrysopsis viscida (A. Gray) Greene. 

Mountains and dry ledges. West sixth (map 1708). Hemicryptophyte. 

Chrysothamnus pulchellus baileyi (Woot. and Standi.) Hall & Clements. Rabbit 

Brush. 

Arid areas of high plains. Kearny county (map 1709). Nanophanerophyte. 

The species is recorded from Kansas in Rydberg, but the specimens 

are the variety or subspecies. 

Erigeron annuus (L.) Pers. Fleabane. 

Fields, prairies and waste ground. East half (map 1710). Therophyte 

(biennial). 

12. Specimens of Chrysopsis checked over by B. F. Bush.


Erigeron bellidiastrum Nutt. Fleabane. 

Low ground on high plains. Southwest fourth (map 1711). Therophyte. 

Erigeron canadensis L. Horseweed, Canada Fleabane. 

Leptilon canadensis (R). 

Plains, prairies, fields, roadsides, cultivated land and waste places. 

Abundant. Throughout (map 1712). Therophyte. 

Erigeron divaricatus Michx. Fleabane. 

Leptilon divaricatum (R). 

Prairies, fields, lawns, and waste ground. East two-thirds (map 1713). 

Therophyte. 

Erigeron flagellaris A. Gray. Fleabane. 

Banks of streams. Logan and Trego counties (map 1714). ± Chamaephyte. 

Erigeron philadelphicus L. Fleabane. 

Wet fields, meadows and woodlands. East third (map 1715). Hemicryptophyte. 

Erigeron pulchellus Michx. Robin's Plantain. 



Erigeron pumilus Nutt. Fleabane. 

Dry plains. Northwest sixth (map 1717). Hemicryptophyte. 

Erigeron ramosus (Walt.) BSP. Fleabane. 

Dry prairies and thickets. Throughout (map 1718). Therophyte. 

Euthamia graminifolia (L.) Nutt. Bushy Goldenrod. 

Eulhamia camporum Greene (R). (Pittonia 5:74. 1902.) 

Solldago graminifolia (L.) Salisb. 

Low ground, fields and prairies. Scattered (map 1719). Hemicryptophyte. 

Euthamia gymnospermoides Greene. Bushy Goldenrod. 

Solidago gymnospermoides (Greene) Fernald. 

Dry soils, rocky or upland prairies. East two-thirds and Hamilton 


Euthamia nuttallii Greene. Bushy Goldenrod. 

Including E. glutinosa Rydb. 

Meadows. Doniphan county (map 1721). Hemicryptophyte. 

(Grindelia decumbens Greene, credited to Kansas in Rydberg, based on misidentifications, 

ranges from Colorado to Arizona, fide Steyermark.) 

Grindelia lanceolata Nutt, 

Rocky prairies. Southeast twelfth (map 1722). Therophyte (biennial) 

. 

Grindelia squarrosa (Pursh) Dunal. Gum Plant, 

Plains and prairies, rocky and alluvial ground. Northern half and 

scattered in south half (map 1723). 

Grindelia squarrosa nuda (Wood) Gray. Gum Plant, 

Grindelia nuda Wood (R). 

High plains. Southwest fourth, plus Lyon county (map 1724). Therophyte 

(biennial). 


Gutierrezia diversifolia Greene. 

High plains. West fifth (map 1725). Hemicryptophyte. 

Gutierrezia linearis Rydb. 

High plains. "Kans," fide Rydberg. Nanophanerophyte (?). 

Gutierrezia sarothrae (Pursh) Britton & Rusby. 

Plains and high plains. West half (map 1726). Hemicryptophyte. 

Heterotheca subaxillaris (Lam.) Britton & Rusby. 

Sandy floodplains, valleys and waste ground. Scattered in north half 

and west two-thirds of south half (map 1727). Therophyte (biennial). 

Isopappus divaricatus (Nutt.) T. & G. 

Including Isopappus validus Rydb. (R). Brittonia 1:100. 1931. 

Sandy hills and valleys. Central, especially south central (map 1728). 

Therophyte. 

? Leucelene alsinoides Greene. ? 

Dry hills. Scattered in west half (Hamilton, Kearny & Ellsworth 

counties). Hemicryptophyte. It is questionable whether this is different 

from the next. 

Leucelene ericoides (Torr.) Greene. 

Plains and dry prairies. West three-fifths (map 1729). Hemicryptophyte. 

Machaeranthera tanacetifolia (H. B. K.) Nees. Tansy Aster. 

Plains and sandy hills. West two-fifths (map 1730). Therophyte. 

Oonopsis engelmanni (A. Gray) Greene. 

Dry plains. Hamilton county (map 1731). Hemicryptophyte. 

Prionopsis ciliata Nutt. 

Aplopappus ciliatus (Nutt.) DC. 

Plains, prairies, river banks and waste places. Possibly throughout 


Sideranthus annuus Rydb. Iron Plant. 

Sandy soils of plains. South half of west half (map 1733). Therophyte. 

Sideranthus spinulosus (Pursh) Sweet. 

Including Sideranthus glaberrimus Rydb. (R). 

Plains and prairies. West two-thirds (map 1734). Hemicryptophyte. 

Solidago altissima L. Goldenrod. 

Rich open ground. "Kans," fide Rydberg. Hemicryptophyte. 

Solidago canadensis L. Goldenrod. 

Fields, prairies and thickets. Probably only extreme east (Leavenworth 

and Wyandotte counties) (map 1735). Hemicryptophyte. 

Solidago canadensis gilvocanescens Rydb. Goldenrod. 

Prairies, fields and thickets. Probably throughout (map 1736). 


Solidago dumetorum Lunell. Goldenrod. 

Dry prairies and thickets. Scattered in northeast fourth (map 1737). 


Solidago flexicaulis L. Goldenrod. 

Rich woods and shaded banks. Doniphan county (map 1738). Hemicryptophyte.

164 


Solidago glaberrima Martens. Goldenrod. 

Plains and hills and prairies. Throughout (map 1739). Hemicryptophyte. 

Solidago glaberrima moritura (Steele) Palmer & Steyermark. 

Solidago moritura Steele. 

Plains and prairies. Throughout (map 1740). 

Solidago lindheimeriana Scheele. Goldenrod. 

Limestone bluffs and rocky woods. Scattered in east two-thirds (map 


Solidago mollis Bartl. Goldenrod. 


Solidago nemoralis Ait. Gray Goldenrod. 

Open woods, thickets, prairies, fields and waste ground. Scattered in 

east three-fifths (map 1743). Hemicryptophyte. 

Solidago nemoralis decemflora (DC) Fernald. (Rhod. 38:226. 1936.) Goldenrod. 

Solidago longipetiolata Mack. & Bush. (R). 

Rocky open woods, thickets and prairies. East third (map 1744). 


Solidago petiolaris Ait. Goldenrod. 

Dry open woods and thickets. North half of second fifth east (map 


Solidago procera Ait. Goldenrod. 

Solidago altissima procera (Ait.). 

Rich ground. "Kans.," fide Rydberg. Hemicryptophyte. 

Solidago rigida L. Goldenrod. 

Oligoneuron rigidum (R). 

Prairies, thickets and rocky open ground. Mostly east two-thirds 


Solidago serotina Ait. Goldenrod. 

Meadows, prairies, plains, valleys and banks. Throughout (map 1747). 


Solidago speciosa Nutt. Goldenrod. 

Rocky open woods, thickets and prairies. Wyandotte and Cloud 


Solidago speciosa angustata T. & G. Goldenrod. 

Solidago rigidiusculai (R). 

Rocky open thickets and prairies. East third (map 1749). Hemicryptophyte. 

Solidago trinervata Greene. Goldenrod. 

Plains and hills. Scattered in west half (map 1750). Hemicryptophyte. 

Solidago ulmifolia Muhl. Goldenrod. 

Including Solidago microphylla Engelm. (R). 

Rich woods and thickets. East fourth and Sumner county (map 1751). 


Townsendia exscapa (Richards) Porter. Townsendia. 

Dry prairies and plains. Scattered in west two-thirds (map 1752). 


FAMILY VERNONIACEAE 13 

Elephantopus carolinianus Willd. Elephant's Foot. 

Open woods. East fifth north to Osage county (map 1753). 

Vernonia baldwini Torr. Ironweed. 

Credited to Kansas in various manuals, but apparently not west of 

Missouri. 

Vernonia crinita Raf. Ironweed. 

River banks, valleys, open woods and thickets. Southeast (north to 

Linn and west to Elk county) (map 1754). Hemicryptophyte. 

Vernonia fasciculata Michx. Ironweed. 

Prairies, meadows, alluvial soils along streams, rich moist soil. East 

two-thirds (map 1755). Hemicryptophyte. 

Vernonia fasciculata corymbosa (Schwein) Schubert. (Rhod. 40:220. 1938.) 

Vernonia corymbosa Schwein. (R). 

Barton county (map 1756). 

Vernonia interior Small. Ironweed. 

Vernonia baldwinii interior (Small) Schubert. 

Plains, dry prairies, pastures and waste ground. Probably throughout 


X Vernonia interior x crinita. 

Prairies and thickets. Southeast eighth (map 1758). Many southeastern 

specimens are fertil hybrids. Hemicryptophyte. 

Vernonia marginata (Torr.) Raf. Ironweed. 

High plains. Seward and Morton to Saline county (map 1759). 


Vernonia missurica Raf. Ironweed. 

Low ground and moist prairies and waste places. Extreme east (map 


X Vernonia missurica x crinita. 

Low ground and moist thickets. Cherokee county. Hemicryptophyte. 

FAMILY ELTPATORIACEAE 

Brickellia umbellata (Greene) Rydb. Thurowort. 

Hillsides arid canyons. West half (map 1761). Hemicryptophyte. 

Eupatorium altissimum L. Thurowort. 

Prairies, rocky hills and thickets. East half (map 1762). Hemicryptophyte. 

Eupatorium coelestinum L. Mistflower. 

Wet stream banks in woods. East seventh (map 1763). 

Eupatorium falcatum Michx. Joe-Pye Weed. 

Moist ground in woods and thickets. East fourth (map 1764). Hemicryptophyte. 

Eupatorium maculatum L. Joe-Pye Weed. 

Moist ground in woods and thickets. East third (map 1765). Hemicryptophyte. 

13. Critical specimens checked by H. A. Gleason. 

246


Eupatorium perforatum L. Boneset. 

Wet places along streams and in woods. East three-fifths (map 1766) 


Eupatorium rugosum Houtt. White Snakeroot. 

Eupatorium urticaefolium Reichard. (R). 

Rich woods. East two-fifths (map 1767). Hemicryptophyte. 

Eupatorium serotinum Michx. 

Prairies, fields, and thickets. East fourth (map 1768). Hemicryptophyte. 

Kuhnia hitchcockii A. Nels. 

Dry prairies and plains. Throughout (map 1769). Hemicryptophyte. 

Kuhnia suaveolens Fresen. Kuhnia. 

? Kuhnia eupatorioides corymbulosa T. & G. 

Dry prairies, plains and open woods. Probably throughout (map 


Liatris angustifolia Bush. Blazing Star. 

Prairies. Northeast fourth (map 1771). Corm geophyte. 

Liatris kansana (Britton) Rydb. Kansas Gayfeather. 

High Plains. Southwest sixth and Cheyenne county (map 1772). 

Corm geophyte. 

Liatris punctata Hook. Blazing Star. 

Dry plains, hills and prairies. Throughout (map 1773). Corm geophyte. 

Liatris pycnostachya Michx. Gayfeather. 

Prairies and rocky open ground. Mostly east third, but to Reno 

county (map 1774). Corm geophyte. 

Liatris scariosa Willd. Gayfeather. 

Liatris aspera (Michx.) Greene (R). 

Rocky prairies and open rocky woods. East half (map 1775). Corm 

geophyte. 

Liatris squarrosa compacta T. & G. Blazing Star. 

Liatris compacta (R). 

Prairies and open woods. West half of east half (map 1776). Corm 

geophyte. 

Liatris squarrosa glabrata (Rydb.) F. C. Gates. Blazing Star. 

Liatris glabrata Rydb. 

Sandhills and bluffs. Scattered on the northeast-southwest diagonal 

(map 1777). Corm geophyte. 

Liatris squarrosa hirsuta (Rydb.) F. C. Gates. Blazing Star. 

Liatris hirsuta Rydb. (R). 

Prairies and rocky open woods. East third and Sheridan and Thomas 

counties (map 1778). Corm geophyte. 

FAMILY ANTHEMIDACEAE 

Achillea asplenifolia Vent. 

Along roads. Shawnee and Neosho counties (map 1779). Hemicryptophyte. 

Achillea millefolium L. Yarrow. 

Prairies, thickets and waste ground. Scattered in east half (map 

1780). Flowers occasionally rose-colored. Hemicryptophyte. 


Achillea millefolium lanulosa (Nutt.) Piper. Western Yarrow. 

Achillea lanulosa Nutt. (R). 

Plains and prairies. At least east three-fourths (map 1781). Hemicryptophyte. 

Anthemis cotula L. Mayweed, Dogfennel. 

Maruta cotula (R). 

Field and waste places. East half and Sheridan and Ellis counties 


Anthemis tinctoria L. Yellow Chamomile. 

Cota tinctoria (R). 

Cultivated, doubtfully escaping. Ellsworth and Clay counties. 

Artemisia abrotanum L. 

Escaped from cultivation. Sheridan county (map 1783). Nanophanerophyte. 

Artemisia absinthium L. 

Escaped from cultivation. Atchison county (KU) (map 1784). 

Artemisia annua L. Cudweed, Wormwood. 

Waste places, naturalized from Europe. East third (map 1785). 

Therophyte. 

Artemisia biennis Willd. Wormwood. 

Floodplain woods. Scattered (map 1786). Therophyte (biennial). 

Artemisia campestris caudata (Michx.) Hall & Clements. Wormwood. 

Artemisia caudata Michx. (R). 

Sandy soil. West three-fifths (map 1787). Therophyte (biennial). 

Artemisia dracunculus dracunculina (Watson) Hall & Clements. 

Prairies. Northeast sixth (map 1788). Hemicryptophyte. 

Artemisia dracunculus glauca (Pallas) Hall & Clements. Wormwood. 

Artemisia dracunculoides Pursh. 

Including Artemisia cern.ua Nutt. 

Prairies and plains. Northeast fourth and Rooks, Logan, and Wichita 

counties (map 1789). This and the preceding in A. dracunculoides in 

(R). 

Artemisia filifolia Torr. Sandhill Sage. 

High plains. West half, especially southwest (map 1790). 

Artemisia vulgaris carruthi (Wood) F. C. Gates. Kansas Sage. 

Artemisia carruthi Wood. 

Artemisia kansana Britton with type from Lane county. 

Artemisia vulgaris wrighti (A. Gray) Hall & Clements. 

Dry plains and prairies. West half (map 1791). Hemicryptophyte. 

Artemisia vulgaris gnaphalodes (Nutt.) Ktze. Wild Sage. 

Artemisia gnaphalodes (R). 

Including Artemisia brittonii "Kans.," fide Rydb, no specimens. 

Including Artemisia diversifolia Rydb. Decatur and Trego counties. 

Prairies and plains, river banks. Scattered throughout (map 1792). 

Hemicryptophy te. 

Artemisia vulgaris ludoviciana (Nutt.) Ktze. Wild Sage. 

Artemisia ludoviciana (R). 

Prairies and plains, canyons, etc. East half and northwest fourth 

(map 1793). Hemicryptophyte.

164 


Artemisia vulgaris mexicana (Willd.) Hall & Clements. 

Artemisia lindheimeriana Scheele. (R). 

Rocky prairies and hillsides. East half (map 1794). 

Artemisia vulgaris serrata (Nutt.) Hall & Clements. 

Artemisia serrata in (R). 

"Kans.," fide Rydberg, but no specimens. 

Chrysanthemum balsamita L. Mint Geranium, Costmary. 

Balsamita major Desf. (R). 

Escaping from cultivation. Ellsworth, Riley and Rooks counties (map 


Chrysanthemum leucanthemum L. Oxeye Daisy. 

Leucanthemum vulgare Lam. (R). 

Meadows, pastures and roadsides. East half and Sheridan county 


Matricaria inodora L. Chamomile. 

Chamomilla inodora (R). 

In waste places, escaped from cultivation. Sheridan, Ellis and Clay 


Matricaria matricarioides (Less.) Porter. Chamomile. 

Chamomilla suaveolens (Pursh) (R). 

Sandy places. Cultivated and escaping. Cloud and Meade counties 


Tanacetum vulgare L. Tansy. 

Escaped from cultivation. Scattered (map 1799). Hemicryptophyte. 

FAMILY SENECIONIDACEAE 

Cacalia atriplicifolia L. Indian Plantain, Cacalia. 

Mesadenia atriplicifolia (R). 

Open woods and thickets. East third (map 1800). Hemicryptophyte. 

Cacalia tuberosa Nutt. Indian Plantain, Cacalia. 

Mesadenia tuberosa (R). 

Wet prairies and rocky ravines. East two-fifths (map 1801). Hemicryptophyte. 

Erechtites hieracifolia (L.) Raf. Fireweed. 

River banks, thickets, open woods and waste places. East third (map 

1802). Therophyte. Most specimens come within the limits of var. 

intermedia, but FCG. 17289, with narrowly winged petiols, may be v. 

praealta (Raf.) Fern, and a few are intermediate between the species and 

intermedia. 

Haploesthes greggii A. Gray. 

Saline soil. Barber county (map 1803). Hemicryptophyte. 

Senecio 14 integerrimus Nutt. Groundsel. 

Wet prairies and plains. Osborne and Ellsworth counties (map 1806). 


Senecio obovatus rotundus Britton. Ragwort. 

Senecio rotundus (R). 

Banks and moist places. East fourth (map 1807). Hemicryptophyte. 

14. Critical specimens identified by J. M. Greenman. 

?. Senecio obovatus umbratilis Greenm. Ragwort. 

Moist ground. East fourth (Crawford, Douglas and Shawnee counties) 

(map 1805). 

Senecio plattensis Nutt. Ragwort. 

Upland prairies, plains, rocky woods. East half and northwest fourth 


£ Senecio riddellii T. & G. Ragwort, Groundsel. 

High plains. West half, plus Cloud and Shawnee (cultivated) counties 


^.Senecio tridenticula.tus Rydb. Ragwort. 

High plains. Southwest (Finney and Edwards counties) (map 1804). 

FAMILY CARDUACEAE 

Arctium minus (Hill) Bernh. Burdock. 

Including Arctium nemorosum Lejeune. 

Waste places. East half, a few in west half (map 1810). Therophyte 

(biennial). 

Carduus nutans L. Plumeless Thistle. 

Roadsides and cultivated ground. Washington county (map 1811). 

Carthamus tinctorius L. False Saffron. 

Waste places, escaped from cultivation. Sheridan county, cultivated 

in Clay county (map 1812). 

Centaurea americana Nutt, 

Prairies and plains. Butler, Harvey and Saline counties (map 1813). 

Centaurea cyanus L. Bachelor's Button, Cornflower. 

Waste ground, escaped from cultivation. Scattered widely throughout 

(map 1814). Therophyte-hemicryptophyte. 

Centaurea maculosa Lam. 

Waste ground. "Kans.," fide Rydberg. Therophyte (biennial). 

Centaurea melitensis L. 

In cultivation, escaping to waste places. Riley county (cultivated). 

Therophyte. 

Centaurea picris Pall. (C. repens L. ?). Star Thistle, Russian Knapweed. 

Waste places and cultivated ground, spreading too rapidly. Scattered 

in east two-thirds (map 1815). 

Centaurea solstitialis L. Barnaby's Thistle. 

Waste places and cultivated ground, alfalfa fields. Northeast and 

Reno county (map 1816). Therophyte. 

Cirsium altissimum (L.) Spreng. Pasture Thistle. 

Including Cirsium iowense (Pammel). (R). 

Thickets, open rocky slopes, low alluvial woods and waste ground. 

East two-thirds or more (map 1817). 

Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. Canada Thistle. 

Fields, roadsides and waste places. North two-thirds of east sixth 

(map 1818). 

Cirsium discolor (Muhl.) Spreng. 

Allen county (map 1819).

164 


?Cirsium flodmanii (Rydb.) Arthur. 

Meadows and river valleys. ?Republie and Saline counties (map 

1819a). 

Cirsium lanceolatum (L.) Hill. Bull thistle. 

Fields, pastures, waste places, and roadsides. Naturalized in east half, 

mostly north half (map 1820). 

Cirsium ochroeentrum A. Gray. Thistle. 

Plains. West three-fifths (map 1821). 

Cirsium undulatum (Nutt.) Spreng. Thistle. 

Dry prairies and plains. Scattered throughout (map 1822). 

Cirsium undulatum megacephalum (A. Gray) Fernald. 

Cirsium megacephalum (R). 

Prairies and plains. Mostly north and southeast (map 1823). 

X Cirsium undulatum megacephalum x ochrocentrum. 

"Kans.," fide Rydberg. 

Onopordum acanthium L. Scotch Thistle. 

In cultivation, seldom escaping. McPherson county. 

FAMILY LACTUCACEAE 

Agoseris cuspidata (Pursh) Steud. 

Nothocalais cuspidata (R). 

Prairies and plains. Northwest sixth, central and northeast sixth 


Cichorium endivia L. Endive. 

Only in cultivation. Doniphan county. Therophyte (biennial). 

Cichorium intybus L. Chicory. 

Fields, roadsides and waste places. Introduced. Scattered in the 

north and Cherokee county (map 1825). 

Cymbia occidentalis (Nutt.) Standley. 

Krigia occidentalis (Nutt.). 

Rocky open woods and prairies. Southeast (Chautauqua, Cherokee 

and Sedgwick counties) (map 1826). Therophyte. 

Cynthia dandelion (L.) DC. 

Krigia dandelion (L). Nutt. 

Prairies and open sandy woods. Extreme southeast (Labette and 

Cherokee counties) (map 1827). 

Hieracium gronovii L. Hawkweed. 

Rocky or sandy open woods. At least southeast (Cherokee county) 


Hieracium longipilum Torr. Hawkweed. 

Rocky open woods and prairies. East two-fifths (map 1829). Hemicryptophyte. 

Hieracium paniculatum L. 

Rocky open woods. Douglas county (KU) (map 1830). 

? Hieracium scabrum Michx. 

"Kans," fide Rydberg, but specimen seen is H. gronovii. 

Lactuca canadensis L. Wild Lettuce. 

Fields, thickets and waste ground. East two-fifths and Rooks county 


253 

Lactuca canadensis integrifolia (Bigel.) T. & G. Wild Lettuce. 

Lactuca sagittijolia Ell. 

Along rivers. Scattered in east two-fifths (map 1832). Therophyte 

(biennial). 

Lactuca floridana (L.) Gaertn. Wild Lettuce. 

Open woods, thickets and hillsides. East third and Rooks county 


Lactuca ludoviciana (Nutt.) Riddell. Wild Lettuce. 

River banks and wet places. Throughout (map 1834). Therophyte 

(biennial). A blue-flowered form campestris (Greene) Fernald (L. campestris 

Greene) is present in central Kansas (map 1835). 

Lactuca pulchella (Pursh.) DC. Wild Lettuce. 

Wet meadows, prairies and plains. North of southwest-northeast 

diagonal (map 1836). 

Lactuca sativa L. Garden Lettuce. 

Much cultivated, occasionally escaping, but not persisting. 

Lactuca serriola L. Prickly Wild Lettuce. 

Lactuca scariola L. (R). 

Fields and waste places. Scattered mostly in east two-thirds (map 


Lactuca villosa Jacq. Wild Lettuce. 

Open woods, banks and thickets. Riley county (map 1838). Therophyte. 

Lactuca virosa L. Wild Lettuce. 

Waste places and fields. Scattered probably throughout, but more 

frequently eastward (map 1839). Therophyte (biennial). 

Lygodesmia juncea (Pursh.) D. Don. Skeletonweed. 

Plains and prairies. West two-thirds and Doniphan county (map 

1840). 

Lygodesmia rostrata A. Gray. 

Canyons and sandy plains. Scattered in west two-thirds (map 1841). 

Therophyte. 

Malacothrix sonchoides (Nutt.) T. & G. Desert Dandelion. 

Plains. "Kans," fide Rydberg. Therophyte. 

Prenanthes aspera Michx. Rattlesnakeroot. 

Nabalus asper (R). 

Rocky open woods and prairies. East two-fifths (map 1842). 

Prenanthes crepidinea Michx. 

Nabalus crepidineus (R). 

Open woods and thickets. "Kans," fide Rydberg. 

Ptiloria pauciflora (Torr.) Raf. 

Dry high plains. Southwest ninth (map 1843). 

Pyrrhopappus carolinianus (Walt.) DC. False Dandelion. 

Dry soil. East half, more frequent southward (map 1844). 

Pyrrhopappus grandiflorus Nutt. False Dandelion. 

Prairies. Central third, plus Miami and Crawford counties (map 

1845).

\ 


Serinia oppositifolia (Raf.) Ktze. 

Prairies, thickets or sandy open ground. East half (map 1846). 

Therophyte. 

Sonchus asper (L.) Hill. Sowthistle. 

Fields and waste places. East half and scattered in west half (map 


Sonchus oleraceus L. Sowthistle. 

Fields and waste places. Northeast eighth and Sheridan county (map 


Taraxacum laevigatum (Willd.) DC. Redseeded Dandelion. 

Taraxacum, erythrospermum Andrz. (R). 

Naturalized from Europe. Scattered, but more frequent northwards 

(map 1849). 

Taraxacum vulgare Lam. Dandelion. 

Taraxacum palustre vulgare (Lam.) Femald. (Rhod. 35:380.) 

Taraxacum officinale Weber. (R). 

Fields, lawns, roadsides and waste places. Scattered throughout, but 

less frequent southwestward (map 1850). 

Tragopogon porrifolius L. Salsify, Oysterplant. 

Fields and waste places. Scattered throughout, except possibly the 

southwest (map 1851). 

Tragopogon pratensis L. Salsify, Oysterplant. 

Fields, roadsides and waste places. North half and Sedgwick county 

(map 1852). 

X Tragopogon porrifolius x pratensis. 

Fields and waste places. North (Cheyenne to Clay counties) (map 

1853). 

INDEX 

Index to the phyla, classes, families and genera, and the more important 

common names. Numbers immediately following an m. after a genus or 

family indicate the map numbers on plates 1-80. Synonyms are given in 

italics. 

Abronia, m. 841-842 172 

Abutilon, m. 505 144 

Acacia, m. 1196 201 

Acaciella 201 

Acalypha, m. 569-572 150 

Acamptoclados 128 

ACANTHACEAE, m. 1059-1062 189 

Acanthus Family 189 

Acer, m. 1430-1434 222 

ACERACEAE, m. 1430-1434 222 

Acerates, m. 978-984 183 

Achillea, m. 1779-1781 248 

Acmispon 208 

Acnida, m. 753 165 

Acorus, m. 113 113 

Actinella, m. 1629 238 

Actinomeris, m. 1549 232 

Acuan (Desmanthus) . 201 

Adder's-tongue Family 104 

Adelia 182 

Adiantum, m. 5 104 

Adicea 148 

Adlumia 156 

Aegilops, m. 219-219a 120 

Aesculus, m. 1428-1429 221 

AESCDIACEAE, m. 1428-1429 221 

Agalinis 186 

Agastache, m. 1073-1074 191 

Agoseris, m. 1824 252 

Agrimonia, in. 1122-1125 195 

Agrimony 195 

Agropyron, m. 220-223 120 

Agrostemma, m. 709 162 

Agrostis, m. 224-227 121 

Ailanthus, m. 564 150 

AIZOACEAE. m. 734-735 164 

Akebia 143 

Alexanders 228 

Alfalfa 208 

Alfilaria 148 

Alisma, m. 28 106 

ALISMATACEAE, m. 28-39 106 

Alliaria, m. 649 157 

Allionia 172 

Allium, m. 51a-58a 108 

Alopecurus, m. 228-231 121 

Alsine 163 

Althaea 144 

Alyssum 157, 160 

Amaranth Family 165 

AMARANTHACEAE. m. 753-764 165 

Amaranthus, m. 754-760 165 

AMARYI.LIDACEAE, m. 446-447 139 

Amaryllis Family 139 

Ambrosia, m. 1613-1617 237 

Amelanchier, m. 1160-1162 198 

Ammannia, m. 1328-1329 213 

AMMIACEAE, m. 1469a-1505 225 

Ammoselinum, m. 1469a 225 

Amorpha, m. 1212-1214 203 

Ampelopsis, m. 1405 219 

Amphiachyris, m. 1660 240 

Amphicarpa, m. 1215-1216 203 

Amsonia. m. 970-972 183 

ANACARDIACEAE. m. 1435-1442 222 

(255) 

PAGE 

Anacharis, m. 445 139 

Anagallis, m. 850 173 

Anaphalis 240 

Androcera 181 

Andropogon, m. 232-237 121 

Androsace, m. 851 173 

Androstephium, m. 59 108 

Anemone, m. 466-470 141 

Anemone, False Rue 142 

Rue 143 

Anemonella 143 

Anethum 225 

Anise 227 

Anogra 215 

ANONACEAH, m. 464 141 

Anoplanthus 189 

Antennaria, m. 1651-1654 240 

Anthemis, m. 1782 249 

ANTHOPHYTA 106 

Anthoxanthum 122 

Antirrhinum 185 

Anychia, m. 706-707 161 

Aphanostephus m. 1661 240 

Apios, in. 1217 203 

Apium 225 

Aplopappus 245 

APOCYNACEAE, m. 970-977 183 

Apocynum, m. 973-977 183 

Apple 199 

Of Peru 180 

Prairie 209 

AQUIFOLIACEAE=ILICACEAE 220 

Aquilegia, m. 471 142 

Arabidopsis 157 

Arabis, m. 650-654 157 

ARACEAE, m. 113-115 113 

Arachis 203 

Aralia, m. 1469 225 

ARALIACHAH, m. 1469 225 

Arctium, m. 1810 251 

Arctotis 239 

Arenaria. m. 710-712 162 

Argemone, m. 634-636 156 

Arisaema, m. 114-115 113 

Aristida, m. 238-250 122 

Aristolochia, m. 1378-1379 217 

ARISTOLOCHIACEAE, m. 1378-1381 217 

Armoracia 160 

Arrhenatherum 123 

Arrowhead 106 

Artemisia, m. 1783-1794 249 

Artichoke, Jerusalem 235 

Arum Family 113 

Arundo 123 

Asarum, m. 1380-1381 217 

ASCLEPIADACEAE, m. 978-1003 183 

Asclepias. m. 985-999 184 

Asclepiodora, m. 1000-1001 185 

Ascyrum, m. 613 154 

Ash 182 

Ash, prickly 150 

Ashleaved maple 222 

Asimina, m. 464 141 

Asparagus, m. 60 108 

Asplenium, m. 6-8 104

256 INDEX INDEX 257 

PAGE 

Aster, m. 1662-1689 240 

Aster, Golden 243 

Tansy 245 

Astragalus, m. 1218-1233 203 

Astranthium (Bellis), m. 1690 242 

Athyrium, m. 8a-9 104 

Atriplex, m. 765-767 166 

Aureolaria, m. 1004 185 

Avena 123 

Avens 196 

Baby's Breath 162 

Baecharis, m. 1691-1693 242 

Bachelor's-button 251 

Balloon vine 221 

Balm, Lemon 192 

BALSAMINACEAE, m. 547-549 149 

Balsam.ita 250 

Baptisia, m. 1234-1234c 205 

Barbarea, m. 655 157 

Barberry Family 144 

Barley 129 

Barnyard grass 126 

Basswood 146 

Bastard toadflax 221 

Batidophaca 204 

Batrachium 143 

Bean, wild 210 

Beardgrass 121 

Beardtongue 187 

Beckmannia, m. 251 123 

Bedstraw 229 

Beech Family 224 

Beefsteak Plant 193 

Beggar's lice 178. 205 

Beggar's ticks 205. 232 

Belamcanda, m. 448 139 

Bellflower 231 

Bellis 242 

Bellwort 231 

Bent grass 121 

Benzoin, m. 499 144 

BERRERIDACEAE, m. 495 144 

Berberis 144 

Bergamot, wild 193 

Bergia, m. 726 163 

Berlandiera, m. 1550-1550a 232 

Bermuda grass 125 

Berteroa, m. 656 157 

Berula, m. 1470 225 

Betula, m. 1452 224 

BETDLACEAE, m. 1452-1455 224 

Bicuculla 156 

Bidens, m. 1551-1560 232 

BIGNONIACEAE, m. 1053-1054 189 

Bilderdykia 169, 171 

Billion-dollar grass 126 

Bindweed, Black 169 

Bindweed. Field 176 

Bindweed, Hedge 176 

Birch 224 

Birch Family 224 

Birthwort Family 217 

Bittersweet 181 

Climbing 220 

Bitterweed 238 

Blackberry 198 

Blackberry, Lilv 189 

Black Medick 208 

Raspberry 198 

Bladder campion 163 

Bladdernut 220 

Family 220 

Bladderpod 160 

Bladderwort 189 

Blanket flower 238 

Indian 185 

Blazing star 248 

Blephilia, m. 1075-1076 191 

Bloodroot 168 

Blowout grass 136 

PAGE 

Blueberry 174 

Blue-eyed grass 140 

Blue-eyed Mary 185 

Blue Flag 139 

Flax 149 

Grama 123 

Hearts 185 

Bluestem 121 

Bluets 230 

Blueweed 234 

Boebera 238 

Boehmeria, m. 534-534a 148 

Boltonia, m. 1694-1695 243 

Boneset 248 

Borage Family 178 

BORAGINACEAE, m. 909-929 178 

Botrychium, m. 1 104 

Bouncing Bet 162 

Bouteloua, m. 252-254 123 

Boxelder 222 

Brachyelytrum, m. 255 123 

Brassica, m. 657-660 157 

BRASSICACHAE, m. 649-705 157 

Brauneria 233 

Brickellia, m. 1761 247 

Brier, sensitive 201 

Briza 123 

Bromegrass 123 

Bromus, m. 256-269 123 

Brooklime 188 

Broomrape Family 189 

Broomweed 240 

Broussonetia 147 

Buchloe, m. 270 124 

Buchnera, m. 1005 185 

Buckbrush 230 

Buckeye 221 

Buckthorn 174, 219 

Family 219 

Buckwheat 169 

Family 168 

Buffaloberry 221 

Buffalobur 181 

Buffalograss 124 

False 132 

Bugleweed 192 

Bugloss, Viper's 178 

Bugseed 168 

Bulbostylis, m. 122 113 

Bulrush 119 

Bumelia, m. 870 174 

Bupleurum 226 

Burdock 251 

Burreed 107 

Burning Bush 168 

Bursa (Capsella) 158 

Butter-and-eggs 186 

Buttercup 142 

Family 141 

Butterfly weed 214 

Butternut 223 

Butterprint 144 

Buttonbush 229 

Button weed 229, 230 

Cacalia, m. 1800-1801 250 

CACTACEAE, m. 1382-1392 217 

Cactus 217 

CAESALPINIACEAE (Cassiaceae) 202 

Calamagrostis, m. 271 124 

CALAMOPHYTA 105 

Calamovilfa, m. 272-273 125 

Calamus root 113 

Calceolaria, m. 620 154 

Calendula 239 

Callicarpa 190 

Callirhoe, m. 506-508 145 

CALLITRICHACEAE, m. 609 153 

Callitriche, m. 609 153 

Caltrop 150 

CALYCANTHACEAE 141 

PAGE 

Calycanthus 141 

Calycocarpum, m. 456 144 

Camas, death 110 

Camassia, m. 61 108 

Camelina, m. 661-662 158 

Campanula, m. 1538 231 

CAMPANULACEAE, m. 1538-1548 231 

Campanulastrum 231 

Campion, bladder 163 

White 162 

Campsis, m. 1053 189 

Camptosorus, 10 104 

Cannabis, m. 529 147 

CAPPARIDACEAB, m. 645-648 156 

CAPRIFOLIACEAE, m. 1524-1534 230 

Capsella, m. 663 158 

Cardamine, m. 664-666 158 

Cardaria 160 

Cardinal flower 231, 232 

Cardiospermum, m. 1425 221 

Carduus, m. 1811 251 

Careless weed 237 

Carex, m. 123-171 113 

Carpetweed 164 

Carrot 226 

Family 225 

Carthamus, m. 1812 251 

Carya, m. 1443-1450 223 

CARYOPHYLLACEAE, m. 709-725 162 

Cassia, m. 1201-1203 202 

CASSIACEAE, m. 1201-1210 202 

Castiileja, m. 1006-1008 185 

Castor Oil Plant 153 

Catalpa, m. 1054 189 

Catchfly 162, 163 

Cathartolinum 149 

Cat mint 193 

Catnip 193 

Cattail 107 

Ceanothus, m. 1401-1403 219 

Cedar, Red 106 

CELASTRACEAE, m. 1416-1417 220 

Celastrus, m. 1416 220 

Celosia 166 

Celtis, m. 519-525 146 

Cenchrus, m. 274 125 

Centaurea, m. 1813-1816 251 

Centaurium 182 

Cephalanthus, m. 1510 229 

Cerastium, m. 713-716 162 

CERATOPHYLLACEAE, m. 504 144 

Ceratophyllum, m. 604 144 

Cercis, m. 1204 202 

Cercocarpus, m. 1126 195 

Chaerophyllum, m. 1471-1473 226 

Chaetochloa (see Setaria) 136 

Chamaecrista, m. 1205-1206a 202 

Chamaesaracha, m. 930 179 

Chamaesyce 151 

Chamomile 249, 250 

Charlock . 157 

Cheat 124 

Cheeses 145 

Cheilanthes, m. 11 104 

Cheirinia 159 

Chelone 185 

CHENOPODIACEAE, m. 765-795 166 

Chenopodium, m. 768-784 167 

Cherry 200 

Choke 201 

Ground 180 

Sand 200 

Chervil 226 

Chess 124 

Chickweed 161, 162, 163 

Chicory 252 

Chinaberry 221 

Chinquapin 225 

Chloris, m. 274a-276 125 

Chokecherry 201 

17—1646 

PAGE 

Chrysanthemum, m. 1795-1796 250 

Chrysobotrya 212 

Chrysopsis, m. 1696-1708 243 

Chrysothamnus, m. 1709 243 

Cicely, Sweet 227 

Cicer 205 

Cichorium, m. 1825 252 

Cicuta, m. 1474 226 

Cinna, m. 277 125 

Cinquefoil 196 

Circaea, m. 1335 214 

Cirsium, m. 1817-1823 251 

Cissus, m. 1406 219 

CISTACEAE, m. 610-612 153 

Cladothrix 166 

Clammyweed 157 

Claytonia, m. 728 163 

Clearweed 148 

Cleavers 229 

Clematis, m. 472-475a 142 

Clematis 142 

Cleome, m. 645 156 

Cleomella, m. 646 157 

Clover 211 

Bush 207 

Japan 208 

Prairie 208 

Sweet 208 

Cnemidophacos 204 

Cocculus, m. 497 144 

Cocklebur 237 

Cockle, Corn -162 

Cow 163 

Coffeetree, Kentucky 202 

Cogswellia 227 

Coix 125 

Collinsia, m. 1009-1010 185 

Colorado rubber plant 238 

Columbine 142 

Comandra, m. 1422-1423 221 

Comfrey 178 

Commelina, m. 87-91 Ill 

COMMELINACEAE, m. 87-96 Ill 

Compassplant 236 

COMPOSITAE 232 

AMBROSIACEAE, m. 1613-1628 237' 

ANTHEMIDACEAE, m. 1779-1799 248 

ASTERACEAE, m. 1660-1752 240 

CARDUACEAE, m. 1810-1823 251 

EUPATORIACEAE, m. 1761-1778 247 

HELENIACEAE, m. 1629-1650 238 

HELIANTHACEAE, m. 1549-1612 232 

INULACEAE, m. 1651-1659 240 

LACTUCACEAE, m. 1824-1853 252 

SENECIONIDACEAE, m. 1800-1809.... 250 

VERNONIACEAE:, m. 1753-1760 247 

Coneflower 235 

Purple 233 

Conium, m. 1475 226 

Conobea 186 

Conringia, m. 667 158 

CONVOLVULACEAE, m. 884-903 176 

Convolvulus, m. 884-887 176 

Cooperia, m. 446-466a 139 

Coralberry 230 

Corallorrhiza, m. 456 140 

Coreopsis, m. 1562-1565 233 

Corispermum, m. 785-786 168 

CORNACEAE, m. 1506-1509 228 

Cornflower 251 

Cornus, m. 1506-1509 228 

Cortaderia 125 

Corydalis, m. 639-643 156 

Corylus, m. 1453-1454 224 

Cosmos 233 

Costmary 250 

Cottonwood 164 

Crabgrass 126 

Cracca 210 

CRASSULACEAB, m. 1323-1326 212

258 INDEX INDEX 259 

PAGE 

Crataegus, m. 1163-1179 198 

Creeper, Virginia 219 

Cress 157, 161 

Cristatella, m. 647 157 

Crocanthemum 152 

Crotalaria, m. 1235 205 

Croton, m. 573-577 151 

Crotonopsis, m. 578 151 

Crowfoot 142 

Family 141 

White Water 143 

Cruciferae=BRASSLCACEAE 157 

Cryptantha, m. 909 178 

Cryptotaenia, m. 1476 226 

C'ubelium, m. 621 154 

Cucumber 219 

Cucurbita, m. 1397 218 

CUCURBITACEAE, M, 1397-1400 218 

Cudweed 240, 249 

Culver's root 188 

Cuphea, m. 1330 213 

Cupplant 236 

Currant 212 

Cuscuta, m. 888-895 176 

Cyanococcus 174 

CYCADOPHYTA 105 

Cyclachaena 237 

Cyclanthera, m. 1398 219 

Cycloloma, m. 787 168 

Cymbia, m. 1826 252 

Cymopterus, m. 1477 226 

Cynanchum 185 

Cynodon, m. 278 125 

Cynoglossum, m. 910 178 

Cynosciadium, m. 1478 226 

Cynosurus 125 

Cynoxylon 228 

Cynthia, m. 1827 252 

CYPERACEAE, M. 122-218 113 

Cyperus, m. 172-187 117 

Cypress, Summer 168 

Vine 177 

Cypripedium, m. 457 140 

Cystopteris, m. 12 104 

Dactylis, m. 279 125 

Daisy, Oxeye 250 

Dalea, m. 1236-1241 205 

Dandelion 253, 254 

Danthonia, m. 280 125 

Dasistoma, m. 1011 186 

Dasystephana 182 

Datura, m. 931-932 179 

Daucus, m, 1479-1480 226 

Dayflower Ill 

Day lily 109 

Dead nettle 191 

Death camas 110 

Decodon 213 

Delphinium, m. 476-479 142 

Dentaria, m. 668 158 

Descurainia, m. 669-673 158 

Desmanthus, m. 1197-1198 201 

Desmodium, m. 1242-1252 205 

Devil's claw 189 

Dianthera, m. 1059 189 

Diaperia, m. 1655 240 

Diarrhena, m. 281 125 

Dicentra, m. 644 156 

Dichrophyllum (Euphorbia marginata). . 152 

Dicliptera, m. 1060 189 

DICOTYLEDONEAE 141 

—AXIFLORAE 141 

—CALYCIFLORAE 195 

Didiplis 213 

Digitaria, m. 282-284 125 

Dill 225 

Diodia, m. 1511 229 

Dioscorea, m. 455 * 140 

DIOSCOREACEAE, m. 455 140 

Diospyros, m. 871 175 

PAGE 

Diplachne 130 

DIPSACEAE 231 

Disella 145 

Distichlis, m. 285 126 

Ditaxis, m. 579-580 151 

Dock 171 

Dodder 176 

Dodecatheon, m. 852 173 

Dogbane 183 

Dogfennel 249 

Dogwood 228 

Draba, m. 674-677 159 

Dracocephalum 193 

Dracopis 236 

Dragonhead, False 193 

Dropseed 137 

Drymocallis 196 

Dryopteris, m. 13-15 104 

Duckweed 113 

Dutchman's Breeches 156 

Dutchman's Pipe 217 

Dyssodia, m. 1630 238 

EBENACEAE, m. 871 175 

Ebony Family 175 

Echinacea, m. 1566-1567a 233 

Echinocereus, m. 1382 217 

Echinochloa, m. 286-288 126 

Echinocystis, m. 1399 219 

Echinodorus, m. 29-30 106 

Echium, m. 911 178 

Eclipta, m. 1568 234 

Eichhornia 110 

ELAEAGNACEAE, m. 1420-1421 221 

Elaeagnus, m. 1420-1421 221 

ELATINACEAE, m. 726-727 163 

Elatine, m. 727 163 

Elder 230 

Marsh 237 

Eleocharis, m. 188-199 118 

Elephantopus, m. 1753 247 

Eleusine, m. 289 126 

Ellisia, m. 904 177 

Elm 146 

Elodea 139 

Elymus, m. 290-300 126 

Engelmannia, m. 1569 234 

Ephedra 105 

EPHEBRACEAE 105 

Epilobium, m. 1336-1337 214 

EQUISETACEAE, m. 23-26 105 

Equisetum, m. 23-26 105 

Eragrostis, m. 301-316 127 

Erechtites, m. 1802 250 

Erianthus 128 

ERICACEAE, m. 867-869 174 

Erigenia 226 

Erigeron, m. 1710-1718 243 

Eriochloa, m. 317 128 

Eriogonum, m. 796-801 168 

Erodium, m. 539 148 

Eruca, m. 678 159 

Eryngium, m. 1481-1482 226 

Eryngo 226 

Erysimum, m. 679-681 159 

Erythronium, m. 62-63 108 

Euchlaena 128 

Eulophus, m. 1483 226 

Euonymus, m. 1416a-1417 220 

Eupatorium, m. 1762-1768 247 

Euphorbia, m. 581-604 151 

EUPHORBIACEAE, m. 569-608 150 

Euploca 178 

Eurotia, m. 788 168 

Eustoma, m. 966 182 

Euthamia, m. 1719-1721 244 

Evax 240 

Evening primrose 215 

Evolvulus, m. 896 177 

FABACEAE, m. 1212-1319 203 

FAGACEAE, m. 1456-1468a 224 

PAGE 

Fagopyrum, m. 802 169 

Falcaria, m. 1483a 227 

Falcata (Amphicarpa) 203 

False Dandelion 253 

Indigo 203 

Fameflower 163 

Farkleberry 174 

Fennel 227 

Fern ........ 104 

Royal 104 

Fescue grass 128 

Festuca, m. 318-322 128 

Fetid marigold 238 

Feverfew 235 

Figwort 188 

Filago 240 

Filix 104 

Fimbristylis, m. 200-202 119 

Fireweed 250 

Mexican 168 

Flag, Blue 139 

Sweet H3 

Flaveria, m. 1631 238 

Flax 149 

False 158 

Fleabane 243 

Canada 244 

Marsh 240 

Flower-of-an-hour 145 

Foeniculum 227 

Forestiera, m. 960 182 

Forsythia, m. 960a 182 

Forget-me-not 179 

Four-o'clock Family 172 

Foxglove 185 

Foxtail 121, 136 

Fragaria, m. 1127-1128 195 

Franseria, m. 1618-1620 237 

Fraxinus, m. 961-965 182 

Froelichia, m. 761-762 166 

Frostweed 153 

Fuirena, m. 203 119 

FUMARIACEAE, m. 639-644 156 

Fumitory, Climbing 156 

Gaertneria 237 

Gaillardia, m. 1632-1636 238 

Galactia, m. 1253-1254 206 

Galarrhoeus 151, 152 

Galega 207 

Galingale 117 

Galinsoga, m. 1570-1571 234 

Galium, m. 1512-1520 229 

Galpinsia .. ....•.-..•. •• 215 

G'amagrass 139 

Garlic 108 

Gaura, m. 1338-1843 214 

Gawrella 215 

Gayfeather 248 

Gemmingia (Belamcanda) 139 

Gentian , 182 

Horse . 230 

Gentiana, ni. 967 182 

GENTIANACEAB. m. 966-969 .-, 182 

Geoprumnon 203, 204 

GERANIACEAE, m. 539-542 148 

Geranium, m. 540-542 148 

Gerardia, m. 1012-1016 186 

Geum, m. 1129-1132,,,,,,, 195 

Gilia, m. 872-877.- 175 

Giliastrum 175 

Gillenia, m. 1133 196 

Gill-over-the-ground 193 

Ginger, wild 217 

GINKGOACEAE 105 

Ginkgo 105 

Ginseng Family .;.-..-.-... 225 

Glasswort 168 

Glecoma 193 

Gleditsia, m. 1207 202 

Glyceria, m. 323 129 

PAGE 

Glycyrrhiza, m. 1255 207 

Gnaphalium, m. 1656-1658 240 

Goat grass 120 

Goat's beard 121 

Goat's Rue 210 

Goldenglow 236 

Goldenrod 245 

Goldenrod, bushy 244 

Golden seal 142 

Gomphrena 166 

Gonolobus, m. 1002 185 

Gooseberry 212 

Goosefoot 167 

Gossypium 145 

Gourd 218 

Gramagrass 123 

Grape 220 

False 219 

Grass, Alkali 126 

Barnyard 126 

Beard 121 

Bermuda 125 

Blue 135 

Blowout 136 

Bottlebrush 129 

Bristle 136 

Brome 123 

Buffalo 124 

Canary 135 

Cord 137 

Crab 126 

Cup 128 

Cut 130 

Dogtown 122 

False Buffalo 132 

Fescue 128 

Finger 125 

Foxtail 121 

Gama 139 

Goose 126 

Grama 123 

Hair 121 

Indian 136 

Johnson 136 

June 129 

Love 127 

Manna 129 

Millet 134, 136 

Needle 138 

Orchard 125 

Panic 132 

Porcupine 138 

Poverty 122, 125 

Rabbit-foot 136 

Redtop, False 138 

Reed 124, 135 

Wood 125 

Rescue 123 

Rye 130 

Sacaton 137 

Sand 125, 139 

Sesame 139 

Skunk 127 

Slough 137 

American 123 

Spear 135 

Stink 127 

Sudan 137 

Sweet 129 

Tickle 121 

Triple-awn 122 

Tumble 136 

Wedge 137 

Windmill , 125 

Wire 122 

Witch 130 

Yard .,..,.., 126 

Grass Family 120 

Gratiola, m. 1017-1018 186 

Greefi Dragon 113

260 

PAGE 

Greenbrier 109 

Grindelia, m. 1722-1724 244 

Gromwell 178, 179 

Grossularia 212 

GROSSULARIACEAE, M. 1321-1322 212 

Ground Cherry 180 

Ivy 193 

Nut 203 

Plum 203, 204 

Groundsel 250 

Tree -242 

Gumplant 244 

Gutierrezia, m. 1725-1726 245 

Gymnoeladus, m. 1208 202 

Gymnopogon, m. 324 129 

Gypsophila 162 

Habenaria, m. 458 140 

Hackberry 146 

Halerpestes (Macuillamia) 187 

HALORAGIDACEAE, M. 1374-1377 217 

HAMAMELIDACEAE 213 

Hamosa 204 

Haploesthes, m. 1803 250 

Hartmannia 216 

Haw, Black 230 

Red 198 

Hawkweed 252 

Hawthorn 198 

Hazelnut 224 

Heath Family 174 

Hedeoma, m. 1077-1079 191 

Helenium, m. 1637-1639 238 

Helianthemum, m. 610 153 

Helianthus, m. 1572-1587 234 

Heliopsis, m. 1588-1589 235 

Heliotrope 178 

Heliotropium, m. 912-914 178 

Hemerocallis, m. 64 109 

Hemicarpha, m. 204-206 119 

Hemlock. Poison 226 

Water 226 

Hemp, Indian 147, 183 

Henbit 191 

Heracleum, m. 1484 227 

Hesperis, m. 682 159 

Heteranthera, m. 83-85 110 

Heterotheca, m. 1727 245 

Heuchera, m. 1320 212 

Hibiscus, m. 509-510 145 

Hickory 223 

Hicoria 223 

Hieracium, m. 1828-1830 252 

Hierochloe 129 

Hoffmanseggia, m. 1209-1210 202 

Hog Peanut 203 

Holcophacos 203 

Holcus 129 

Holly Family 220 

Hollyhock 144 

Honeysuckle 230 

Honeysuckle Family 230 

Honeywort 226 

Hophornbeam 224 

Hoptree 150 

Hops 147 

Hordeum, m. 325-327 129 

Horehound 192 

Water 192 

Hornwort 144 

Horse Gentian 230 

Horse Nettle 181 

Horseradish 160 

Horsetail 105 

Horseweed 244 

Hosackia * 208 

Hound's-tung 178 

Houstonia, m. 1521-1522 230 

Huckleberry 174 

Humulus, m. 530 147 

INDEX 

PAGE 

Hydrangea Family 212 

Wild 172 

HYDRANGEACEAE 212 

Hydrastis 142 

HYDROCHARITACEAE, m. 445 139 

HYDROPHYLLACEAE, M. 904-908 177 

Hydrophyllum, m. 905-906 177 

Hymenopappus, m. 1640-1642 239 

Hymenoxys 238 

HYPERICACEAB, m. 613-619 154 

Hypericum, m. 613-619 154 

Hypoxis, m. 447 139 

Hvssop, Giant 191 

Hedge 186 

Water 187 

Hystrix, m. 328 129 

Ilex, m. 1418 220 

ILICACEAE, M. 1418 220 

ILLECEBRACEAE, M. 706-708 161 

Ilysanthes 186 

Impatiens, m. 547-549 149 

Indigo 207 

Indigo, False 203 

Indigo, Wild 205 

Indigofera, m. 1256 207 

lodanthus, m. 683 159 

Ipomoea, m. 897-901 177 

Iresine, m. 763 166 

IRIDACEAE, m. 448-454 139 

Iris, m. 449-450 139 

Ironweed 247 

Ironwood 224 

Isanthus, m. 1080 191 

Isnardia 214 

ISOETACEAE, m. 3 104 

Isoetes, m. 3 104 

Isopappus, m. 1728 245 

Isopyrum, m. 480 142 

Italian millet 136 

Iva, m. 1621-1622 237 

Ivy, Poison 222 

Jack-in-the-pulpit 113 

Jacob's Ladder ^ 176 

Jewelweed 149 

Jimson weed 179 

Joe-pye weed 247 

Johnson grass 136 

Judas tree 202 

JUGLANDACEAE, m. 1443-1451 223 

Juglans, m. 1451 223 

JUNCACEAE, m. 96-111 Ill 

Juncus, m. 96-110 Ill 

Juneberry 198 

Junegrass 129 

Juniperus, m. 27 106 

Jussiaea, m. 1344 214 

Kallstroemia, m. 558-559,,,,, 149 

Kentucky coffeetree 202 

King nut 223 

Kinnikinnick 229 

Knapweed, Russian 251 

Kneiffia 216 

Knotweed 169 

Kochia, m. 789-790 168 

Koeleria, m. 329 129 

Koellia (Pycnanthemum) 193 

Koelreuteria, m. 1426 221 

Korycarpus 125 

Krameria, m. 1211 202 

KRAMERIACEAE, M. 1211 202 

Krigia 252 

Kuhnia, m. 1769-1770 248 

Kyllingia, m. 207 119 

Labiatae=LAMLACEAE 191 

Lactuca, m. 1831-1839 252 

Ladder, Jacob's 176 

Ladies' Tresses 141 

Lady's Slipper 140 

Lady's Thumb 170 

iLamb's-quarters 167 

LAMIACEAE, M. 1073-1121 191 

INDEX 

PAGE 

Lamiurn, m. 1081 

Laportea, m. 535 

Lappula, m. 915-919 

191 

1*8 

178 

LARDIZABALACEAE 

Larkspur 

Larrea 

Lathryrus, m. 1257-1259 

14^ 

1*| 

207 

LAURACEAE, m. 499-500 

Lavauxia 

Leadplant 

Leather flower 

Lechea, m. 611-612 

Leersia, m. 330-331 

Lemna, m. 116-118 

144 

217 

203 

} 

154 

130 

113 

LEMNACEAE, m. 116-121 

Lemonscent 

113 

-39 

LENTIBULARIACEAE, m. 1058 

Leonurus, m. 1082 

Lepachys 

Lepidum, m. 684-689 

Leptilon 

Leptochloa, m. 332-333 

Leptoglottis 

Leptoloma, m. 334 

Lespedeza, m. 1260-1270 

Lesquerella, m. 690-692 

Lettuce 

Wild 

Leucelene, m. 1729 

Leucospora, m. 1019 

Liatris, m. 1771-1778 

Lilac 

18J 

192 

235 

159 

j44 

130 

?01 

130 

207 

160 

253 

252 

245 

186 

248 

1»2 

LILIACEAE, m. 51a-82 

Lilium, m. 65 

Lily 

J 09 

109 

Blackberry 

iaa 

Family 1 

Prairie 

Sand 218 

Water 144 

LINACEAE, m. 550-557 149 

Linaria, m. 1020-1022 186 

Linden 

Lindernia, m. 1023-1025 186 

Linum, m. 550-557 149 

Liparis, m. 459 140 

Lippia, m. 1064-1065 190 

Liquorice 207 

Liriodendron 141 

Lithococca JJ8 

Lithospermum, m. 920-924 178 

Lizardtail 141 

LOASACEAE, m. 1393-1396 218 

Lobelia, m. 1539-1545 231 

Lobularia 160 

Locoweed -08 

Woollv -°4 

Locust, Biack 210 

Honey 202 

Loganiaceae 182 

Lolium, m. 335-337 330 

Lomatium, m. 1485-1487 227 

Lonicera, m. 1524-1526 230 

Looking-glass, Venus' 232 

Loosestrife 173 

False 214 

Family 213 

Lophotocarpus, m. 31 106 

Lopseed 19° 

LORANTHACEAE, m. 1424 221 

Lotus, m. 1271 208 

Lotus, yellow 144 

Lousewort 187 

Ludwigia, m. 1345-1348 214 

Lupine 208 

Lupinus, m. 1272 208 

Luzula, m. Ill 113 

Lychnis, m. 716 162 

Lycium, m. 933 180 

Lycopersicon 180 

261 

PAGE 

Lycopus, m. 1083-1086 192 

Lygodesmia, m. 1840-1841 2u3 

Lysimachia, m. 853-854 173 

LYTHRACEAE, m. 1328-1333 213 

Lythrum, m. 1331 213 

Machaeranthera, m. 1730 

Madura, m. 531 147 

Macrocalyx (Ellisia) 177 

Macuillamia, m. 1026 *»7 

Madder Family 

MAGNOLIACEAE I " 

Mahonia 

MALACEAE, m. 1160-1181 J98 

Malacothrix 

Mallow 

Poppy "" 

Mallow Family " 

Malus, m. 1180-1181 199 

Malva, m. 511-513a J" 

MALVACEAE, m. 505-517 

Malvastrum 1 

Mannagrass 

Man-of-the-Earth J'J 

Maple 

Maple Family 

Marihuana , tl' 

Marrubium, m. 1087 yf 

Marshallia 

Marshmallow 

Marsilea, m. 22 1"? 

MARSILEACEAE, m. 22 J 

Martynia, m. 1055 • 

MARTYNIACEAE, m. 1056 

Mathiola 

Matricaria, m. 1797-1798 250 

Matrimony Vine 

Mayapple j" 

Maypops J?® 

Mayweed J*" 

Meadow Beauty 

Meadow rue 

Medicago, m. 1273-1274 208 

Megapterium 

Meibomia 

Melampodium, m. 1590 

Melanthium, m. 66 

MELASTOMATACEAE, m. 1334 -4J> 

Melica, m. 338-339 

Melilotus, m. 1275-1276 208 

Melissa, m. 1088 '•>' 

MENISPERMACEAE, m. 496-498 j** 

Menispermum, m. 498 1*4 

Mentha, m. 1089-1091 1J* 

Mentzelia, m. 1393-1396 218 

Mercury, Three-seeded J 

Meriolix ";!! 

Mertensia, m. 925 

Mesadenia Jj?" 

Mesquite 

Vine 

vine o-i q 

Micrampehs "J 

Microphacos 

Milfoil. Water 217 

Milk Pea 206 

Milk Vetch 

Milkweed l?° 

Milkwort 

Millet 13*. 136 

Millet grass I 34 , 13b 

Mimosa Family 

Prairie 

MIMOSACEAE, m. 1196-1200 201 

Mimulus, m. 1027-1029 187 

Mint 1?1 

Mirabilis, m. 843-849 "2 

Miscanthus l 3 ' J 

Mistletoe f^J 

Mollugo, m. 734 ]«4 

Monarda, m. 1092-1096 192 

Moneywort 173

261 263 INDEX 

PAGE 

Monkeyflower 137 

MONOCOTYLEBONEAE 106 

Monolepis, m. 791 168 

Moonseed 144 

Moraceae, m. 529-533 147 

Morning-glory 176 

Morongia (Schrankia) 201 

Morns, m. 532-533 147 

Motherwort 192 

Mountain mahogany 195 

Mousetail 142 

Muhlenbergia, m. 340-354 131 

Muhly 131 

Mulberry 147 

Mullen 188 

Munroa, m, 355 132 

Mustard 157-161 

Myosotis, m. 926 179 

Myosurus, m. 481 142 

Myriophyllum, m. 1374-1377 217 

Myzorrhiza 189 

NAIADACEAE, m. 112 113 

Naias, m. 112 113 

Nasturtium, m. 693 160 

Navarretia 175 

Negundo 222 

Neltuma 201 

Nelumbo, m. 501 144 

NELUMBONACEAE, m. 501 144 

Nemastylis, m. 451 140 

Nemexia (Smilax) 109 

Neomamillaria, m. 1383-1386 217 

Nepeta, m. 1097-1098 193 

Nettle 148 

Dead 191 

Hedge 195 

Horse 181 

Nettle Family 148 

New Jersey tea 219 

Nicandra, m. 934 180 

Nigella 142 

Niggerheads 236 

Nightshade 181 

Enchanter's 214 

Nonesuch 208 

Norta 161 

Nothocalais 252 

Notholaena, m. 16 104 

Nothoscordum, m. 67 109 

Nuphar, m. 502 144 

Nutgrass 117 

Nuttallia 218 

NYCTAGINACEAE, m. 841-849 172 

Nymphaea, m. 503 144 

NYMPHAEACEAE, m. 502-503 144 

Oak 224 

Oat 123 

Oenothera, m. 1349-1372 215 

OENOTHERACEAE, m. 1335-1373 214 

OLEACEAE, m. 960-965 182 

Onion 108 

Onoclea m. 17 105 

Onopordum 252 

Onosmodium, m. 927-928 179 

Oonopsis, m. 1731 245 

OPHIOGLOSSACEAE, m. 1-2 104 

Ophioglossum, m. 2 104 

Opuntia, m. 1386a-1392 218 

Orbexilum 210 

Orchard grass 125 

ORCHIDACEAE, M. 456-463 140 

Orchis, m, 460 141 

Oreocarya, m. 929 179 

Ornithogalum, m. 68 109 

OROBANCHACEAE, m. 1056-1057 189 

Orobanche, m. 1056-1057 189 

Orophaca 203 

Oryza 132 

Oryzopsis, m. 356 132 

Osage Orange 147 

PAGE 

Osmorrhiza, m. 1488-1490 227 

Osmunda, m. 4 104 

OSMUNDACEAE, m. 4 104 

Ostrya, m. 1455 224 

Othake, m. 1643 239 

Otophylla 188 

OxABiDACEAEj m. 543-546 148 

Oxalis, m. 543-546 148 

Oxeye 235 

Daisy 250 

Oxybaphus (Mirabilis) 172 

Oxytropis, m. 1277 208 

Oyster plant 254 

Paintbrush, Indian 185 

Panicgrass 132 

Panicularia (Glyceria) 129 

Panicum, m. 357-383 132 

Pansy 155 

Papaver, m. 637 156 

PAPAVERACEAE, m. 634-638 156 

Papaw 141 

Pappophorum, m. 384 134 

Parietaria, m. 536 148 

Paronychia, m. 708 161 

Parosela 205 

Parsley 225, 227, 228 

Parsnip 225-228 

Parthenium, m. 1591-1592 235 

Parthenocissus, m. 1407-1409 219 

Partridge Pea 202 

Paspalum, m. 384a-389 134 

Passiflora, m. 633 155 

PASSIFLORACEAE, M. 633 155 

Pastinaca, m. 1491 227 

Paulownia 187 

Pea Family 203 

Peach 201 

Pear 200 

Prickly 218 

Pearlwort 162 

Pecan 223 

Pectis, m. 1644 239 

Pedicularis, m. 1030 187 

Pediocactus 218 

Pediomelum 209 

Pellaea, m. 18-19 105 

Pellitory 148 

Peltandra 313 

Peniophyllum 216 

Pennisetum 134 

Penny cress 161 

Pennyroyal, American 191 

Penthorum, m. 1323 212 

Penstemon, m. 1031-1039 187 

Peplis, m. 1332 213 

Pepo 218 

Peppergrass 159 

Peppermint 192 

Perilla, m. 1099 193 

Periploca, m. 1003 185 

Peritoma 156 

Persicaria 169-171 

Persimmon 175 

Petalostemum, m. 1278-1286 208 

Petunia 180 

Phaca 204 

Phacelia, m. 907-908 177 

Phalaris, m. 390-392 135 

Phellopterus, m. 1492 227 

Phleum, m. 393 135 

Phlox, m. 878-882 175 

Phlox 175 

Phorodendron, m. 1424 221 

Phragmites, m. 394 135 

Phryma, m. 1063 190 

PHRYMACEAE, M. 1063 190 

Phyla 190 

Phvllanthus, m. 605 153 

Physalis, m. 935-951 180 

Physostegia, m. 1100-1102 193 

INDEX 

PAGE 

Phytolacca, m. 752 165 

PHYTOLACCACEAE, m. 752 165 

Pickerelweed Ill 

Family 11" 

Picradeniopsis, m. 1646 239 

Pigweed 166, 168 

Pilea, m. 537 •••• "8 

Pimpernel 173, 228 

False 186 

Pimpinella 227 

PINACEAE, m. 27 1°6 

Pine Family 106 

Pineweed 154 

Pink Family 162 

Prairie 183 

Rose 182 

Pinus 106 

Pinweed 154 

Pisophaca 203 

PLANTAGINACEAE, m. 856-866 173 

Plantago, m. 856-866 173 

Plantain 173 

Indian 250 

PLATANACEAE, m. 1327 213 

Platanus, m. 1327 213 

Pleiotaenia 227 

Pluchea, m. 1659 240 

Plum 200 

Plume, Prince's 161 

Poa, m. 395-403 135 

POACEAE, m. 219-444 120 

Podophyllum, m. 495 144 

Pogonia 141 

Poinsettia 151, 152 

Poison Hemlock 226 

Ivy 222 

Pokeberry 165 

Pokeweed Family 165 

Polanisia, m. 648 157 

POLEMONIACEAE, m. 872-883 175 

Polemonium, m. 883 176 

Polycodium 174 

Polygala, m. 565-568 150 

POLYGALACEAE, m. 565-568 150 

POLYGONACEAE, m. 796-840 168 

Polygonatum, m. 69 109 

Polygonum, m. 803-830 169 

Polymnia, m. 1593 235 

POLYPOBIACEAB^ m. 5-21 104 

Polypodium 105 

Polypogon, m. 404 136 

Polystichum, m. 20 105 

Polytaenia, m. 1493 227 

Pondweed 107 

Pontederia, m. 86 Ill 

PONTEDERIACEAE, m. 83-86 110 

Poplar 164 

Poppy, Prickly 156 

Poppy Family 156 

Poppy Mallow 145 

Populus, m. 737-739 164 

Porteranthus 196 

Portulaca, m. 729-731 163 

PORTULACACEAE, m. 728-733 163 

Potamogeton, m. 43-49 107 

POTAMOGETONACEAE, m. 43-51 107 

Potato Family 179 

Potentilla, m. 1134-1142 196 

Poteridium, m. 1143 196 

Poverty grass 125, 168 

Prenanthes, m. 1842 253 

Pricklyash 150 

Prickly Pear 218 

Poppy 156 

Primrose Evening 215 

Primrose Family 173 

Primrose willow 214 

PRIMULACEAE, m. 850-855 173 

Prionopsis, m. 1732 245 

Proboscidea 189 

263 

PAGE 

Prosopis, m. 1199 201 

PRUNACEAE, m. 1181a-1195 200 

Prunella, m. 1103 193 

Prunus, m. 1181a-1195 200 

Psedera 219 

Psilostrophe, m. 1646 -39 

Psoralea, m. 1287-1295 209 

Psoralidium 209 

Ptelea, m. 562 150 

PTERIDOPHYTA 104 

Ptilimnium, m. 1494 227 

Ptiloria, m. 1843 253 

Puccinellia, m. 405 136 

Puccoon 178 

Pumpkin 218 

Puncturvine 150 

Purslane 

Water 213 

Pycnanthemum, m. 1104-1106 193 

Pyrrhopappus, m. 1844, 1845 253 

Pyrus 200 

Quackgrass J-;" 

Quamoclit, m. 902-903 177 

Queen Anne's Lace 226 

Queen's Delight 153 

Quercus, m. 1456-1468a 224 

Quincula m. 952 181 

Rabbit brush 243 

Ra'dish 1 

Ragweed 237 

Ragwort 2j0 

RANUNCULACEAE, m. 466-494 141 

Ranunculus, m. 482-491 142 

Raphanus, m. 694 160 

Raspberry 19° 

Ratibida, m. 1594-1597 235 

Rattlebox 205 

Rattlepod 204 

Rattlesnakemaster 22b 

Rattlesnakeroot 253 

Rattleweed 203 

Redbud 202 

Redtop 121 

Redfleldia, m. 406 136 

Reedgrass 124 

Reseda JB6 

RESEDACEAE 156 

RHAMNACEAE, m. 1401-1404 219 

Rhamnus, m. 1404 219 

Rheum 171 

Rhexia, m. 1334 213 

Rhubarb "1 

Rhus, m. 1435-1442 222 

Ribes, m. 1321-1322 212 

Rice, Mountain (Oryzopsis) 132 

Wild 139 

Ricinus 153 

River birch 2-4 

Robinia, m. 1296-1297 210 

Rocket, Dame's 159 

Purple I 69 

Prairie 159 

Rorippa, m. 694a-698 160 

Rosa, m. 1144-1153 197 

ROSACEAE, m. 1122-1159 195 

Rose 197 

Rosinweed "36 

Rotala, m. 1333 213 

Roval Fern Family 104 

RUBIACEAE, m. 1510-1523 229 

Rubus, m. 1154-1159 197 

Rudbeckia, m. 1598-1602 236 

Rue, Meadow 143 

Rue Anemone 143 

Ruellia, m. 1061-1062 189 

Rumex, m. 831-840 171 

Ruppia, m. 50 107 

Rush HI 

Russian olive 221 

Russian thistle 168

258 INDEX 

PAGE 

Rutabaga 157 

RUTACEAE, m. 562-563a ... . . 1 5 0 

Rye, Wild !".!!".! 126 

Rynchospora, m. 208 .!."!."."! 119 

Sabatia, m. 968-969 !!!!!! 182 

Saffron, False ' *"' 251 

Sw .. .7.7.7 194, 249 

feagma, m. 717 162 

Sagittaria, m. 32-39 .!!!!!!!! 106 

St. Andrew's Cross 154 

•St. John's Wort 77! 154 

SALICACEAE, M. 737-751 7 7 7 7 164 

Salicornia, m. 792 Igg 

Salix, m. 740-751 7777 7 164 

Salsify ' ' ' 254 

Salsola, m. 793 168 

Saltbush .. . ... 166* 167 

baltgrass 126 

Salvia, m. 1107-1108 .777777 194 

Sambucus, m. 1527 * 230 

Samolus, m. 855 7.77 173 

Sandbur 7 7* 125 

Sand Lily 7 7 218 

Sand Verbena 7 77 172 

Sandvine 7 7 77 185 

Sandwort 7 7 7 7 162 

Sanguinaria, m. 638 7 7777 156 

Sanicula, m. 1495-1497 7 7.7 227 

SANTALACEAE, m. 1422-1423...77 221 

SAPINDACEAE, m. 1425-1427.777 221 

Sapindus, m. 1427 7 7 221 

Saponaria, m. 718 777 7 7 162 

SAPOTACEAE, m. 870 7 7 7 7 7 ! 174 

Sarsaparilla 7 77 7 7! 225 

Sasa 

Sassafras, m. 500 7 . 7 7 7 7 7144 

SAURURACEAE, m. 465 ! ! ! ! . ' 141 

Saururus, m. 465 7 7 7 7 7 7 141 

SAXIFRAGACEAE, m. 1320 7 7 7 7 7 212 

Scabiosa ^^ 

Schedonnardus, m. 407 7777 136 

Schrankia, m. 1200 201 

Scirpus, m. 209-216 . 7. 119 

Scleria, m. 217-218 7777 120 

Scorpionweed 177 

Scrophularia, m. 1040-1041. ! . . . . ' 188 

SCROPHULARIACEAE, m. 1004-1052... ' 185 

Scutellaria, m. 1109-1115 7 394 

Sea Blite " '' jgg 

Seal, Golden 7 7 7 77 142 

Secale, m. 408 136 

Sed «° 777777:7 n 3 

Family 113 

Sedum, m. 1324-1326 77 212 

Self-heal Selenia, m. 699 77.7 161 193 

Senecio, m. 1804-1809. . . . ! .'7 7 7 250 

Senna Family '' ' 202 

Serinia, m. 1846 7 7 7 7 7 7 253 

Serviceberry 7 7 7 7 7 7 198 

Sesame grass 7 7 ! 139 

Sesban, m. 1298 7 7 77 7! 210 

Sesuvium, m. 735 77 77 164 

Setaria, m. 409-413 77 77! 136 

Sheep Sorrel 7.7 17] 

Shepherdia 

Shepherd's Purse 

Shepherd's Weatherglass 

Sherardia 

Shooting star 

Sicklepod 

Sicyos, m. 1400 

Sida, m. 513b-514 

.777 221 

7 7 7 7 7 158 

7 77 173 

7.7 230 

7 7 7. 173 

7 77 157 

7 219 

7 7 777 145 

Sideranthus, m. 1733-1734 

Sidopsis 

Silene, m. 719-722 

Silphium, m. 1603-1606 

Silverscale 

7! 245 

' 146 

77 777 162 

77 7 236 

166, 167 

SIMARUBACEAE, m. 564 

Sisymbrium, m. 700-702 

.....' 

77 7 

150 

161 

PAGE 

Sisyrinchium, m. 452-454 140 

Sitanion, m. 414 136 

Sium, m. 1498 228 

Skeletonweed 253 

Skullcap 194 

Smartweed 169 

Smilacina, m. 70-71 109 

Smilax, m. 72-76 109 

Snakeroot 228 

White 248 

Snapdragon 185 

Sneezeweed 238 

Snow-on-the-mountain 152 

Soapberry Family 221 

Soap weed no 

Soap wort 162 

SOLANACEAE, m. 930-959 179 

Solanum, m. 953-959 181 

Solidago, m. 1735-1751 245 

Solomon's seal 109 

Solomon's seal, False 109 

Sonchus, m. 1847-1848 254 

Sophia 158 

Sophora, m. 1299 210 

Sorbus 200 

Sorghastrum, m. 415 136 

Sorghum, m. 416 136 

Sorrel, Sheep 171 

Wood 148 

Sowthistle 254 

Spanish Needles 232 

SPARGANIACEAE, m. 42 107 

Sparganium, m. 42 107 

Spartina, m. 417-4T8 137 

Spearmint 192 

Specularia, m. 1546-1548 232 

Speedwell 188 

Spergula, m. 723 163 

Spermacoce, m. 1520 230 

Spermolepis, m. 1499-1500 228 

Sphaeralcea, m. 515-517 146 

Sphenopholis, m. 419-420 137 

Spicebush 144 

Spiderwort ill 

Flower 157 

Spikerush ns 

Spinacia 168 

Spiraea 198 

Spiranthes, m. 461-463 141 

Spirodela, m. 119 113 

Sporobolus, m. 421-432 137 

Spring Beauty 163 

Spurge 151 

Spurrey 163 

Squirreltail 129 

Stachys, m. 1115a-1118 194 

Staff-tree Family 220 

Stanleya, m. 703-704 161 

Staphylea, m. 1419 220 

STAPHYLEACEAE, m. 1419 220 

Star, Blazing 248 

Shooting 173 

Stargrass 139 

Starwort, Water 153 

Steironema 173 

Stellaria, m. 724 163 

Stenophyllus 113 

Stenosiphon, m. 1373 217 

Stickleaf 218 

Stickseed 178 

Stillingia, m. 606 153 

Stinkgrass 127 

Stipa, m. 433-435 138 

Stock, Evening 160 

(Stonecrop 212 

Strawberry, Wild 195 

STROBILOPHYTA 106 

Strophostyles, m. 1300-1302 210 

Stylosanthes, m. 1303 210 

Suaeda, m. 794-795 168 

PAGE 

Sumac 222 

Sunflower 234 

Susan, Blackeyed 236 

Svida 228 

Sycamore 213 

Symphoricarpos, m. 1528-1529 230 

Syndesmon, m. 492 143 

Syntherisma (Digitaria) 125 

Syringa 182 

Taenidia, m. 1501 228 

Talinum, m. 732-733 163 

TAMARICACEAE, m. 736 164 

Tamarisk 164 

Tamarix, m. 736 164 

Tanacetum, m. 1799 250 

Tansy 250 

Tansy Mustard 158 

Taraxacum, m. 1849-1850 254 

Tea, Mexican 167 

New Jersey 219 

Teasel Family 231 

Tecoma 189 

Tephrosia, m. 1304-1305 210 

Tetraneuris, m. 1647-1649 239 

Teucrium, m. 1119-1121 195 

Thalictrum, m. 493-494 143 

Thaspium, m. 1502-1503 228 

Thelesperma, m. 1607-1608 236 

Thermopsis 211 

Thistle 251 

Thistle Family 251 

Thlaspi, m. 705 161 

Thornapple 198 

Three-seeded Mercury 150 

Thurowort 247 

Thymophylla, m. 1650 239 

Tick-trefoil 206 

Ticklegrass 132 

Tickseed 233 

Tidestromia, m. 764 166 

Tilia, m. 518-518a 146 

TILIACEAE, M. 518 146 

Timothy 135 

Tium 204 

Toadflax 186 

Toadflax, Bastard 221 

Tobacco, Indian 231, 240 

Tomanthera, m. 1042-1043 188 

Toothcup 213 

Toothwort '. 158 

Torilis, m. 1504 228 

Touch-me-not 149 

Tovara 171 

Townsendia, m. 1752 246 

Toxicodendron 222 

Tradescantia, m. 92-95 Ill 

Tragia, m. 607-608 153 

Tragopogon, m. 1851-1853 254 

Tree, Judas 202 

Tree Cactus 218 

Tree of Heaven 150 

Tresses, Ladies' 141 

Tribulus, m. 560 150 

Trifolium, m. 1306-1314 211 

Trillium, m. 77-78 110 

Triodia, m. 436-440 138 

Triosteum, m. 1530-1531 230 

Triphora 141 

Triplasis, m. 441 139 

Tripsacum, m. 442 139 

Trisetum, m. 443 139 

Triticum 139 

Trumpet Creeper 189 

Tumble Mustard 161 

Tumbleweed 166 

Turtlehead 185 

Typha, m. 40-41 107 

TYPHACEAE, M. 40-41 107 

TJLMACEAE, m. 519-528 146 

INDEX 265 

PAGE 

Ulmus, m. 526-528 147 

Unicornplant 189 

Uniola, m. 444 139 

Urtica, m. 538 148 

URTICACEAE, M. 534-538 148 

Utricularia, m. 1058 189 

Uvularia, m. 80 110 

Vaccaria, m. 725 163 

Vaccinium, m. 867-869 174 

Valerian 231 

VALERIANACEAE, m. 1535-1537 231 

Valerianella, m. 1535-1537 231 

Varnish tree, Chinese 221 

Velvetleaf 144 

Venus'-looking-glass 232 

Veratrum 110 

Verbascum, m. 1044-1045 188 

Verbena, m. 1066-1072a 190 

VERBENACEAE, m. 1064-1072a 190 

Verbesina, m. 1609-1610 236 

Vernonia, m. 1754-1760 247 

Veronica, m. 1046-1051 188 

Veronicastrum, m. 1052 188 

Vervain 190 

Vetch 211 

Milk 203 

Vetchling 207 

Viburnum, m. 1532-1534 230 

Vicia, m. 1315-1319 211 

Vinca 183 

Vine Mesquite 133 

Viola, m. 622-632 154 

VIOLACEAE, M. 620-632 154 

Violet 154 

Violet Woodsorrel 149 

Viorna 142 

Viper's Bugloss 178 

Virginia Creeper 219 

Virgin's Bower 142 

VITACEAE, M. 1405-1415 219 

Vitis, m. 1410-1415 220 

Wahoo 220 

Walking Fern 104 

Wallflower, Western 159 

Walnut, Black 223 

Watercress 160 

Waterhemp 165 

Waterleaf Family 177 

Waterlily 144 

Water pepper 170 

Waterwillow 189 

Waxweed, Blue 213 

Wheatgrass 120 

White Top 160 

Whitlowgrass 159 

Whitlowwort 161 

Willow 164 

Willowherb 214 

Wingscale 166 

Winterberry 220 

Winter Fat 168 

Winter Sage 168 

Wiregrass 122 

Witchgrass 132 

Witch-hazel Family 213 

Wolfberry 230 

Wolffia, m. 120-121 113 

Wood Nettle 148 

Woodbine 219 

Woodsia, m. 21 105 

Wood Sorrel 148 

Family 148 

Wormwood 249 

Xanthium, m. 1623-1628 237 

Ximenesia, m. 1611-1611a 236 

Yam Family, m. 455 140 

Wild 140 

Yarrow 248 

Yucca, m. 81 110

266 INDEX 

PAGE 

Zannichellia, m. 51 108 

Zanthoxylum, m. 563-663a 150 

Zea 139 

Zinnia, m. 1612 237 

Zizania 139 

PRINTED BY KANSAS STATE PRINTING PLANT 

W. C. AUSTIN, STATE PRINTER 

TOPEKA 1940 

18-1646 

PAGE 

Zizia, m. 1605 228 

Zygadenus, m. 82 110 

ZYGOPHTLLACEAE, m. 558-561 149 

Zygophyllum, m. 561 150

• 

t

Kansas flora - BiodIS

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